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<text id=90TT1942>
<link 93HT0584>
<title>
July 23, 1990: A Natural Selection
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
July 23, 1990 The Palestinians
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
BOOKS, Page 74
A Natural Selection
</hdr>
<body>
<p>By R.Z. Sheppard
</p>
<qt>
<l>THE DARK ROMANCE OF DIAN FOSSEY</l>
<l>by Harold T.P. Hayes</l>
<l>Simon & Schuster; 351 pages; $21.95</l>
</qt>
<p> The late Louis Leakey, for years the dominant male in the
field of human-fossil studies, believed that women made better
primate researchers than men. His Exhibit A was Jane Goodall,
whose work on chimpanzees in Tanzania has been justly
celebrated. Exhibit B also achieved acclaim but, on balance,
muted the generalization. In 1966 Leakey sent Dian Fossey to
the Congo slope of the Virunga volcanic forest to study the
habits of the mountain gorilla. Fossey convinced the eminent
prehistorian of her resolve with only a few free-lance articles
she had written for the Louisville Courier-Journal. Her
previous job was as an occupational therapist in Kentucky.
</p>
<p> What Fossey had was determination and emotional hungers that
drove her to extremes. She told her story in Gorillas in the
Mist (1983), a bold mix of field observation, adventure and
ecological tragedy. The mountain gorilla was being pushed out
of its habitat by human population growth. Poachers were
trapping the creatures for zoos or killing them for trophies.
Gorilla heads made unusual hat racks. The hands could be used
for ashtrays.
</p>
<p> In 1967 a civil war forced Fossey to flee the Congo for
Rwanda, where she established Karisoke Research Centre and
generally shunned the company of her own species. "All of you
have a family, a marriage and kids," she told curious visitors.
"Those gorillas are my family."
</p>
<p> More than most other naturalists, Fossey bonded with the
subjects of her inquiry. When poachers killed the animals she
had named Digit, Uncle Bert and Macho, she turned into a Rambo
of animal rights. She beat captured poachers and terrified
others with sham witchcraft. She shot at cattle that got too
close to her "family's" territory.
</p>
<p> Not pleased with these tactics, the Rwandan government
wanted to displace Fossey and market her research center as a
tourist attraction. She dug in. To a journalist planning a
visit in 1985 she wrote, "If push comes to shove, I am prepared
to fight for my claim." Two days after Christmas, Fossey was
hacked to death in her bed. Suspects ranged from vengeful
poachers to an American researcher who had proclaimed his
innocence and fled the country before a Rwandan court found him
guilty in absentia. The judgment is questionable. Harold Hayes
does not offer conclusive evidence about who committed the
crime. It is enough that he has given us a picture of Fossey
that is more complex than the ones offered in the film version
of Gorillas in the Mist and in Farley Mowat's Woman in the
Mists (1987). Hayes, former editor of Esquire, died last year
of a brain tumor.
</p>
<p> Not surprisingly, his book portrays a loner starved for
affection. Raised in California, Fossey was an awkward
six-footer by the time she was 14. She loved horses and dreamed
of working with animals, but her college science grades were
too low to qualify her for veterinary school. Working as an
occupational therapist proved an insufficient outlet for
Fossey's yearnings. In 1963 she took her first trip to Africa,
where she paired off with a strapping young Rhodesian farmer.
An on-again-off-again engagement eventually ended, as did a
later romance with a nature photographer. Her tempestuous
affair with Africa endured.
</p>
<p> That Fossey impulsively embraced a heart of darkness is
obvious. Yet the wild shadows in Hayes' biography are
illuminated by what he calls a "miracle of will." Its origin
is Fossey's desperation to escape her own loneliness. It made
her fearless; it triggered her outrage and outbursts and was
the source of her fierce attachments.
</p>
<p> A personal, somewhat awkward but elucidating note: in 1984
Fossey wrote me that she had read my review of Gorillas in the
Mist over the graves of Digit, Uncle Bert and Macho. "I could
finally comprehend," she said, "that the gorilla individuals
I had known and named over the years since 1967 might well
become public figures, not on a rock-star scale, but renowned
for their own worth, lamented for their loss." Postscript:
Fossey is buried next to them.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>