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<text id=89TT1905>
<title>
July 24, 1989: "Get Up And Walk!"
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
July 24, 1989 Fateful Voyage:The Exxon Valdez
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
BUSINESS, Page 39
"Get Up and Walk!"
</hdr><body>
<p>Argentina's new leader imposes a drastic recovery plan
</p>
<p> The situation demanded strong words, and President Carlos
Saul Menem did not shrink from using them. In his July 8
inaugural address, Menem urged his citizens to "Get up and
walk!" Argentina, he declared, "is broken, devastated, razed.
Inflation has reached chilling levels, but we aren't going to
administer the decline. We will pulverize the crisis."
</p>
<p> Just 36 hours after Menem's address, his administration
announced the first steps of "unusually severe, exceptional and
emergency" measures designed to break the nation's
hyperinflation (114% for June alone) and to restore confidence
in its virtually insolvent government. Among them: a 90-day
wage-and-price freeze, a 116% devaluation of the austral to 650
vs. the U.S. dollar and an aggressive privatization of most
state-run companies. Because the end of many government
subsidies will bring unavoidable price increases for some goods
and services, all workers will be given a bonus of 8,000
australes ($12.30 at the new rate).
</p>
<p> By early last week, Menem's economic medicine was already
showing some positive effects. On Monday the black-market rate
for dollars dipped below the official exchange rate for the
first time since the austral plan was implemented by former
President Raul Alfonsin in 1985, demonstrating credibility in
the currency's new valuation. Investors and bankers were
favorably impressed by the seriousness of the Peronist leader's
austerity plan, which prompted the Buenos Aires stock exchange
to rise 6.5% in a single day and sent monthly interest rates
down 44 points, to 10%.
</p>
<p> But the government's new pricing policy got off to a
chaotic start. While the plan calls for prices to be rolled back
to July 3 levels, prices in many stores kept on rising. The
announced end of government subsidies for gasoline pushed prices
up 670%, to the equivalent of $1.60 per gal. In anticipation of
a 350% rise in subway and train fares, commuters flocked to
stations to stock up on tokens.
</p>
<p> Most foreign bankers have greeted Menem's plan with hedged
optimism. But since Argentina has failed to keep up its
payments to the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank,
neither agency is eager to issue fresh credits without some
proof of economic progress. "What's announced on paper can be
very different from the results," said a U.S. credit analyst.
</p>
<p> To stem the government's deficit spending, which reached
$9.7 billion last year, Menem plans to increase revenues by
simplifying the tax-collection system and increasing levies on
exported goods. But most economists believe that Menem's most
important task will be to privatize Argentina's inefficient
state-owned monopolies, which are losing $4 billion annually.
Menem may get the power to do so if the Argentine Congress
approves a new emergency law that would give him almost
unlimited control over the nationalized companies. But Menem has
so far offered no details about his privatization drive. Those
particulars are not likely to come soon. On Friday, only six
days after joining Menem's Cabinet, Economic Minister Miguel
Roig died of a heart attack. His replacement, businessman Nestor
Rapanelli, will be the fourth Economic Minister since March 31,
when Juan Sourrouille resigned because of his inability to
stabilize the economy.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>