home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
TIME: Almanac 1990s
/
Time_Almanac_1990s_SoftKey_1994.iso
/
time
/
081991
/
0819201.000
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1994-03-25
|
4KB
|
92 lines
<text id=91TT1836>
<title>
Aug. 19, 1991: Are We in for a Double Dip?
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
Aug. 19, 1991 Hostages:Why Now? Who's Next?
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
BUSINESS, Page 44
THE ECONOMY
Are We in for a Double Dip?
</hdr><body>
<p>The recovery has only just begun, but some forecasters fear
another recession may lurk around the corner
</p>
<p> Sometimes the economy seems to fall prey to the quick hands
of a magician. Now you see a recovery. Now you don't! Barely a
month after economists proclaimed the end of the 1990-91 U.S.
recession, some are beginning to wonder whether they will have
to eat their words. Their doubts come on the heels of some
disturbing evidence--rising layoffs, a traumatized banking
system and crippling debts--that the economy may be in worse
shape than anyone suspected. The pessimists believe the recovery
could soon sputter out and turn into another recession, the
second half of a so-called double dip. That happened in five of
the past eight recessions, as the economy recovered for one or
two quarters before suffering a relapse.
</p>
<p> For the moment, most forecasters see enough life in the
economy to keep it out of new trouble. The sale of single-family
homes increased to an annual rate of 525,000 units in June, up
27% from January's low. The surge in home buying may boost new
construction and stimulate sales of such durable goods as
furniture and kitchen appliances. Business inventories have been
trimmed down, so any increase in demand could rev up new factory
production. "A double-dip recession can't be ruled out, but it's
not a high risk," says Gordon Richards, an economist with the
National Association of Manufacturers.
</p>
<p> Yet this recovery is unlike most others. In a survey, 51
top economists predicted that the economy would grow at a 2.7%
rate in the July-September quarter, less than half the speed of
the average postwar recovery. New signs of weakness emerged
last week when the Federal Reserve Board's "beige book," a
document summarizing economic conditions around the country,
reported that the recovery "has lost some momentum" since last
spring. To supply more fuel, the Fed last week dropped the
influential Federal Funds rate from 5 3/4% to 5 1/2%, its lowest
level in more than a decade.
</p>
<p> A small but anxious group of economists, however, believes
the latest Fed tactic is too little, too late. They say the
economy is now structurally damaged and incapable of bouncing
back anytime soon. Hanging ominously over every sector--individuals, business and government--is a crippling pile of
debt that amounts to $10 trillion, double the size of the entire
U.S. economy. Consumers, far and away the most powerful stimuli
in the economy, seem determined to slash spending and pay off
loans. The government said last week that consumer installment
debt fell 3% in June, the sixth drop in seven months.
</p>
<p> Businesses are under great stress as well. Regulators have
cracked down on banks, prompting them to cut back drastically
on their lending. Companies drowning in debt are slashing
capital investment and firing employees. Nearly 1 million
workers have been laid off so far this year. Even the
government, usually a reliable spender of last resort in a
recession, will be absent this time because of record deficits
at every level--local, state and federal.
</p>
<p> Lacking any other solutions, most economists look to the
Fed and its newly reappointed chairman, Alan Greenspan, for the
next move. "I consider the tight monetary policy pursued so far
by the Fed as blatantly irresponsible," says Philip Braverman,
chief economist of DKB Securities. "Inflation is not the enemy
any longer. The real enemy is recession." So far this year,
wholesale prices have fallen at a 1.7% annual rate, a trend that
will give critics of the Fed more leverage in arguing for
interest rates even lower than Greenspan has already pushed
them. And as the 1992 elections approach, the political clamor
for easier credit may grow deafening.
</p>
<p> By Bernard Baumohl. With reporting by Jerome
Cramer/Washington
</p>
</body></article>
</text>