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<text id=93CT0404>
<title>
Ecuador--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Ecuador
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: Ecuador has substantial oil resources and rich
agricultural areas. Growth has been uneven because of natural
disasters, fluctuations in global oil prices, and government
policies designed to curb inflation. Banana exports, second only
to oil, have suffered as a result of EC import quotas and banana
blight. The new President Sixto DURAN-BALLEN, has a much more
favorable attitude toward foreign investment than did his
predecessor. Ecuador has implemented trade agreements with
Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, and Venezuela and has applied for GATT
membership. At the end of 1991, Ecuador received a standby IMF
loan of $105 million, which will permit the country to proceed
with the rescheduling of Paris Club debt. In September 1992, the
government launched a new, macroeconomic program that gives more
play to market forces; as of March 1993, the program seemed to
be paying off.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $11.8
billion (1992)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 3% (1992)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $1,100 (1992)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 70% (1992)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: 8% (1992)
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $1.9 billion; expenditures $1.9 billion,
including capital expenditures of $NA (1992)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $3.0 billion (f.o.b., 1992)</l>
<l> commodities: petroleum 42%, bananas, shrimp, cocoa,
coffee</l>
<l> partners: US 53.4%, Latin America, Caribbean, EC
countries</l>
<l>Imports: $2.4 billion (f.o.b., 1992)</l>
<l> commodities: transport equipment, vehicles, machinery,
chemicals</l>
<l> partners: US 32.7%, Latin America, Caribbean, EC countries,
Japan</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $12.7 billion (1992)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 3.9% (1991); accounts for
almost 40% of GDP, including petroleum
</p>
<p>Electricity: 2,921,000 kW capacity; 7,676 million kWh
produced, 700 kWh per capita (1992)
</p>
<p>Industries: petroleum, food processing, textiles, metal works,
paper products, wood products, chemicals, plastics, fishing,
timber
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for 18% of GDP and 35% of labor force
(including fishing and forestry); leading producer and exporter
of bananas and balsawood; other exports - coffee, cocoa, fish,
shrimp; crop production - rice, potatoes, manioc, plantains,
sugarcane; livestock sector - cattle, sheep, hogs, beef, pork,
dairy products; net importer of foodgrains, dairy products, and
sugar
</p>
<p>Illicit drugs: minor illicit producer of coca following the
successful eradication campaign of 1985-87; significant transit
country, however, for derivatives of coca originating in
Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru; importer of precursor chemicals
used in production of illicit narcotics; important
money-laundering hub
</p>
<p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $498
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-89), $2.15 billion; Communist countries
(1970-89), $64 million
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 sucre (S/)=100 centavos
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: sucres (S/) per US$1 - 1,453.8 (August 1992),
1,046.25 (1991), 869.54 (December 1990), 767.75 (1990), 526.35
(1989), 301.61 (1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: calendar year
</p></body></article></text>