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<text id=93CT0650>
<title>
India--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: India
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: India's economy is a mixture of traditional village
farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern
industries, and a multitude of support services. Faster economic
growth in the 1980s permitted a significant increase in real per
capita private consumption. A large share of the population, perhaps
as much as 40%, remains too poor to afford an adequate diet.
Financial strains in 1990 and 1991 prompted government austerity
measures that slowed industrial growth but permitted India to meet
its international payment obligations without rescheduling its debt.
Policy reforms since 1991 have extended earlier economic
liberalization and greatly reduced government controls on production,
trade, and investment.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $240 billion
(FY93 est.)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 4% (FY93 est.)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $270 (FY93 est.)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 11.9% (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: NA%
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $39.2 billion; expenditures $41.06 billion,
including capital expenditures of $10.2 billion (FY92)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $19.8 billion (f.o.b., FY93 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: gems and jewelry, clothing, engineering goods,
leather manufactures, cotton yarn, and fabric</l>
<l> partners: USSR 16.1%, US 14.7%, West Germany 7.8%
(FY91)</l>
<l>Imports: $25.5 billion (c.i.f., FY93 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: crude oil and petroleum products, gems,
fertilizer, chemicals, machinery</l>
<l> partners: US 12.1%, West Germany 8.0%, Japan 7.5%
(FY91)</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $73 billion (March 1992)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 2.5% (FY93 est.); accounts for
about 25% of GDP
</p>
<p>Electricity: 82,000,000 kW capacity; 310,000 million kWh produced,
340 kWh per capita (1992)
</p>
<p>Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel,
transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for about 30% of GDP and employs 67% of labor
force; principal crops - rice, wheat, oilseeds, cotton, jute, tea,
sugarcane, potatoes; livestock - cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats,
poultry; fish catch of about 3 million metric tons ranks India among
the world's top 10 fishing nations
</p>
<p>Illicit drugs: licit producer of opium poppy for the pharmaceutical
trade, but some opium is diverted to illicit international drug
markets; major transit country for illicit narcotics produced in
neighboring countries; illicit producer of hashish
</p>
<p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $4.4
billion; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $31.7 billion;
OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $315 million; USSR (1970-89), $11.6
billion; Eastern Europe (1970-89), $105 million
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 Indian rupee (Re)=100 paise
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: Indian rupees (Rs) per US$1 - 26.156 (January
1993), 25.918 (1992), 22.742 (1991), 17.504 (1990), 16.226 (1989),
13.917 (1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March
</p></body></article></text>