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<text id=93CT0677>
<title>
Ireland--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Ireland
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: The economy is small and trade dependent. Agriculture,
once the most important sector, is now dwarfed by industry, which
accounts for 37% of GDP, about 80% of exports, and employs 28% of the
labor force. Since 1987, real GDP growth, led by exports, has
averaged 4% annually. Over the same period, inflation has fallen
sharply and chronic trade deficits have been transformed into annual
surpluses. Unemployment, at 22.7% remains a serious problem, however,
and job creation is the main focus of government policy. To ease
unemployment, Dublin aggressively courts foreign investors and
recently created a new industrial development agency to aid small
indigenous firms. Government assistance is constrained by Dublin's
continuing deficit reduction measures. After five years of fiscal
restraint, total government debt still exceeds GDP. Growth probably
will moderate in 1993 as the heavily indebted and trade-dependent
economy is highly sensitive to changes in exchange rates and world
interest rates. Exports to the UK, Ireland's major export market,
probably will be hurt by the recent appreciation of the Irish
currency against sterling - for the first time since 1979 the value of
the Irish pound exceeds that of its British counterpart.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $42.4 billion
(1992)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 2% (1992)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $12,000 (1992)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.5% (1992)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: 22.7% (1992)
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $16.0 billion; expenditures $16.6 billion,
including capital expenditures of $1.6 billion (1992 est.)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $28.3 billion (f.o.b., 1992)</l>
<l> commodities: chemicals, data processing equipment, industrial
machinery, live animals, animal products</l>
<l> partners: EC 75% (UK 32%, Germany 13%, France 10%), US
9%</l>
<l>Imports: $23.3 billion (c.i.f., 1992)</l>
<l> commodities: food, animal feed, data processing equipment,
petroleum and petroleum products, machinery, textiles, clothing</l>
<l> partners: EC 66% (UK 41%, Germany 8%, Netherlands 4%), US
15%</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $15 billion (1990)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 8.0% (1992 est.); accounts for
37% of GDP
</p>
<p>Electricity: 5,000,000 kW capacity; 14,500 million kWh produced,
4,120 kWh per capita (1992)
</p>
<p>Industries: food products, brewing, textiles, clothing, chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, machinery, transportation equipment, glass and
crystal
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for 11% of GDP and 13% of the labor force;
principal crops - turnips, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat;
livestock - meat and dairy products; 85% self-sufficient in food;
food shortages include bread grain, fruits, vegetables
</p>
<p>Economic aid: donor - ODA commitments (1980-89), $90 million
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 Irish pound (#Ir)=100 pence
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: Irish pounds (#Ir) per US$1 - 0.6118 (January
1993), 0.5864 (1992), 0.6190 (1991), 0.6030 (1990), 0.7472 (1989),
0.6553 (1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: calendar year
</p></body></article></text>