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<text id=93CT0688>
<title>
Italy--Government
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Italy
Government</hdr><body>
<list>
<l>Names:</l>
<l> conventional long form: Italian Republic</l>
<l> conventional short form: Italy</l>
<l> local long form: Repubblica Italiana</l>
<l> local short form: Italia</l>
<l> former: Kingdom of Italy</l>
</list>
<p>Digraph: IT
</p>
<p>Type: republic
</p>
<p>Capital: Rome
</p>
<p>Administrative divisions: 20 regions (regioni, singular - regione);
Abruzzi, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Emilia-Romagna,
Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Lazio, Liguria, Lombardia, Marche, Molise,
Piemonte, Puglia, Sardegna, Sicilia, Toscana, Trentino-Alto Adige,
Umbria, Valle d'Aosta, Veneto
</p>
<p>Independence: 17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed)
</p>
<p>Constitution: 1 January 1948
</p>
<p>Legal system: based on civil law system, with ecclesiastical law
influence; appeals treated as trials de novo; judicial review under
certain conditions in Constitutional Court; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
</p>
<p>National holiday: Anniversary of the Republic, 2 June (1946)
</p>
<p>Political parties and leaders: Christian Democratic Party (DC),
Fermo Mino MARTINAZZOLI, general secretary; Rosa Russo JERVOLINO,
president; Socialist Party (PSI), Giorgio BENVENUTO, party secretary;
Social Democratic Party (PSDI), Enrico FERRI, party secretary;
Liberal Party (PLI); Democratic Party of the Left (PDS - was
Communist Party, or PCI, until January 1991), Achille OCCHETTO,
secretary general; Italian Social Movement (MSI), Gianfranco FINI,
national secretary; Republican Party (PRI), Giorgio BOGI, political
secretary; Lega Nord (Northern League), Umberto BOSSI, president;
Communist Renewal (RC), Sergio GARAVINI
</p>
<p>Other political or pressure groups: the Roman Catholic Church;
three major trade union confederations (CGIL - formerly Communist
dominated, CISL - Christian Democratic, and UIL - Social Democratic,
Socialist, and Republican); Italian manufacturers association
(Confindustria); organized farm groups (Confcoltivatori,
Confagricoltura)
</p>
<p>Suffrage: 18 years of age, universal (except in senatorial
elections, where minimum age is 25)
</p>
<p>Elections:
</p>
<p> Senate: last held 5-6 April 1992 (next to be held by April 1997);
results - DC 27.3%, PDS 17.0%, PSI 13.6%, Northern Leagues 8.2%,
other 33.9%; seats - (326 total; 315 elected, 11 appointed
senators-for-life) DC 107, PDS 64, PSI 49, Leagues 25, other 70
</p>
<p> Chamber of Deputies: last held 5-6 April 1992 (next to be held by
April 1997); results - DC 29.7%, PDS 16.1%, PSI 13.6%, Northern
Leagues 8.7%, RC 5.6%, MSI 5.4%, PRI 4.4%, PLI 2.8%, PSDI 2.7%, other
11%; seats - (630 total) DC 206, PDS 107, PSI 92, Northern Leagues
55, RC 35, MSI 34, PRI 27, PLI 17, PSDI 16, other 41
</p>
<p>Executive branch: president, prime minister (president of the
Council of Ministers)
</p>
<p>Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Parlamento) consists of
an upper chamber or Senate of the Republic (Senato della Repubblica)
and a lower chamber or Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei Deputati)
</p>
<p>Judicial branch: Constitutional Court (Corte Costituzionale)
</p>
<p>Leaders:
</p>
<p> Chief of State: President Oscar Luigi SCALFARO (since 28 May
1992)
</p>
<p> Head of Government: Prime Minister Carlo Azeglio CIAMPI (29 April
1993)
</p>
<p>Member of: AfDB, AG (observer), Australia Group, AsDB, BIS, CCC,
CDB (non-regional), CE, CEI, CERN, COCOM, CSCE, EBRD, EC, ECE, ECLAC,
EIB, ESA, FAO, G-7, G-10, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU,
IDA, IFAD, IEA, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), LORCS, MINURSO, MTCR, NACC,
NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNMOGIP, UNOMOZ, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
</p>
<list>
<l>Diplomatic representation in US:</l>
<l> chief of mission: Ambassador Boris BIANCHERI CHIAPPORI</l>
<l> chancery: 1601 Fuller Street NW, Washington DC 20009</l>
<l> telephone: (202) 328-5500</l>
<l> consulates general: Boston, Chicago, Houston, Miami, New York,
Los Angeles, Philadelphia, San Francisco</l>
<l> consulates: Detroit, New Orleans, and Newark (New
Jersey)</l>
</list>
<list>
<l>US diplomatic representation:</l>
<l> chief of mission: (vacant)</l>
<l> embassy: Via Veneto 119/A, 00187, Rome</l>
<l> mailing address: PSC 59, Box 100, APO AE 09624</l>
<l> telephone: [39] (6) 46741</l>
<l> FAX: [39] (6) 488-2672</l>
<l> consulates general: Florence, Genoa, Milan, Naples, Palermo
(Sicily)</l>
</list>
<p>Flag: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and
red; similar to the flag of Ireland, which is longer and is green
(hoist side), white, and orange; also similar to the flag of the Cote
d'Ivoire, which has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white,
and green
</p></body></article></text>