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<text id=93CT1226>
<title>
Sao Tome & Principe--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Sao Tome and Principe
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: The economy has remained dependent on cocoa since
the country gained independence nearly 15 years ago. Since then,
however, cocoa production has gradually deteriorated because of
drought and mismanagement, so that by 1987 output had fallen to
less than 50% of its former levels. As a result, a shortage of
cocoa for export has created a serious balance-of-payments
problem. Production of less important crops, such as coffee,
copra, and palm kernels, has also declined. The value of imports
generally exceeds that of exports by a ratio of 4:1. The
emphasis on cocoa production at the expense of other food crops
has meant that Sao Tome has to import 90% of food needs. It
also has to import all fuels and most manufactured goods. Over
the years, Sao Tome has been unable to service its external
debt, which amounts to roughly 80% of export earnings.
Considerable potential exists for development of a tourist
industry, and the government has taken steps to expand
facilities in recent years. The government also implemented a
Five-Year Plan covering 1986-90 to restructure the economy and
reschedule external debt service payments in cooperation with
the International Development Association and Western lenders.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $41.4
million (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 1.5% (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $315 (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 27% (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: NA%
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $10.2 million; expenditures $36.8 million,
including capital expenditures of $22.5 million (1989)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $5.5 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: cocoa 85%, copra, coffee, palm oil</l>
<l> partners: Germany, Netherlands, China</l>
<l>Imports: $24.5 million (f.o.b., 1991)</l>
<l> commodities: machinery and electrical equipment 54%, food
products 23%, other 23%</l>
<l> partners: Portugal, Germany, Angola, China</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $163.6 million (1992)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 7.1% (1986)
</p>
<p>Electricity: 5,000 kW capacity; 10 million kWh produced, 80
kWh per capita (1991)
</p>
<p>Industries: light construction, shirts, soap, beer, fisheries,
shrimp processing
</p>
<p>Agriculture: dominant sector of economy, primary source of
exports; cash crops - cocoa (85%), coconuts, palm kernels,
coffee; food products - bananas, papaya, beans, poultry, fish;
not self-sufficient in food grain and meat
</p>
<p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $8
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-89), $89 million
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 dobra (Db)=100 centimos
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: dobras (Db) per US$1 - 230 (1992), 260.0
(November 1991), 122.48 (December 1988), 72.827 (1987), 36.993
(1986)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: calendar year
</p></body></article></text>