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<text id=93CT1274>
<title>
South Africa--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: South Africa
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: Many of the white one-seventh of the South African
population enjoy incomes, material comforts, and health and
educational standards equal to those of Western Europe. In
contrast, most of the remaining population suffers from the
poverty patterns of the Third World, including unemployment and
lack of job skills. The main strength of the economy lies in its
rich mineral resources, which provide two-thirds of exports.
Economic developments in the 1990s will be driven partly by the
changing relations among the various ethnic groups. The
shrinking economy in recent years has absorbed less than 10% of
the more than 300,000 workers entering the labor force annually.
Local economists estimate that the economy must grow between 5%
and 6% in real terms annually to absorb all of the new entrants.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $115
billion (1992)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: -2% (1992)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $2,800 (1992)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 13.9% (1992)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: 45% (well over 50% in some homeland areas)
(1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $28 billion; expenditures $36 billion,
including capital expenditures of $3 billion (FY93 est.)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $23.5 billion (f.o.b., 1992)</l>
<l> commodities: gold 27%, other minerals and metals 20-25%,
food 5%, chemicals 3%</l>
<l> partners: Italy, Japan, US, Germany, UK, other EC countries,
Hong Kong</l>
<l>Imports: $18.2 billion (f.o.b., 1992)</l>
<l> commodities: machinery 32%, transport equipment 15%,
chemicals 11%, oil, textiles, scientific instruments</l>
<l> partners: Germany, Japan, UK, US, Italy</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $18 billion (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate NA%; accounts for about 40%
of GDP
</p>
<p>Electricity: 46,000,000 kW capacity; 180,000 million kWh
produced, 4,100 kWh per capita (1991)
</p>
<p>Industries: mining (world's largest producer of platinum,
gold, chromium), automobile assembly, metalworking, machinery,
textile, iron and steel, chemical, fertilizer, foodstuffs
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for about 5% of GDP and 30% of labor
force; diversified agriculture, with emphasis on livestock;
products - cattle, poultry, sheep, wool, milk, beef, corn,
wheat, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; self-sufficient in food
</p>
<p>Economic aid: NA
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 rand (R)=100 cents
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: rand (R) per US$1 - 3.1576 (May 1993), 2.8497
(1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990), 2.6166 (1989), 2.2611
(1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March
</p></body></article></text>