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<text id=93CT1286>
<title>
Spain--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Spain
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: Spain has done well since joining the EC in 1986.
Foreign and domestic investments have spurred GDP growth at an
annual average of more than 4% in 1986-91. As of 1 January 1993,
Spain has wholly liberalized its trade and capital markets to EC
standards, including integrating agriculture two years ahead of
schedule. Beginning in 1989, Madrid implemented a tight monetary
policy to fight 7% inflation. As a result of this action and the
worldwide decline in economic growth, Spain's growth rate
declined to 1% in 1992. Spain faces a likely recession in first
half 1993. The government expects a recovery in the second half,
but this depends on stepped-up growth in Germany and France. The
slowdown in growth - along with displacements caused by
structural adjustments in preparation for the EC single market -
has pushed an already high unemployment rate up to 19%. However,
many people listed as unemployed work in the underground
economy. If the government can stick to its tough economic
policies and push further structural reforms, the economy will
emerge stronger at the end of the 1990s.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $514.9
billion (1992)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 1% (1992)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $13,200 (1992)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6% (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: 19% (yearend 1992)
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $122.9 billion; expenditures $140.2 billion,
including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $62 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: cars and trucks, semifinished manufactured
goods, foodstuffs, machinery</l>
<l> partners: EC 71.0%, US 4.9%, other developed countries 7.9%
(1991)</l>
<l>Imports: $100 billion (c.i.f., 1992 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: machinery, transport equipment, fuels,
semifinished goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods, chemicals</l>
<l> partners: EC 60.0%, US 8.0%, other developed countries
11.5%, Middle East 2.6% (1991)</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $67.5 billion (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 0.6% (1992 est.)
</p>
<p>Electricity: 46,600,000 kW capacity; 157,000 million kWh
produced, 4,000 kWh per capita (1992)
</p>
<p>Industries: textiles and apparel (including footwear), food
and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals,
shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for about 5% of GDP and 14% of labor
force; major products - grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes,
sugar beets, citrus fruit, beef, pork, poultry, dairy; largely
self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 1.4 million metric tons
is among top 20 nations
</p>
<p>Illicit drugs: key European gateway country for Latin American
cocaine entering the European market
</p>
<p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $1.9
billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-79), $545.0 million; not currently a recipient
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 peseta (Pta)=100 centimos
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 114.59 (January
1993), 102.38 (1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38
(1989), 116.49 (1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: calendar year
</p></body></article></text>