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<text id=93CT1394>
<title>
Tonga--Economy
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Tonga
Economy</hdr><body>
<p>Overview: The economy's base is agriculture, which employs
about 70% of the labor force and contributes 40% to GDP.
Coconuts, bananas, and vanilla beans are the main crops and make
up two-thirds of exports. The country must import a high
proportion of its food, mainly from New Zealand. The
manufacturing sector accounts for only 11% of GDP. Tourism is
the primary source of hard currency earnings, but the island
remains dependent on sizable external aid and remittances to
offset its trade deficit.
</p>
<p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $92 million
(FY90)
</p>
<p>National product real growth rate: 0.4% (FY92 est.)
</p>
<p>National product per capita: $900 (FY90)
</p>
<p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4% (FY92 est.)
</p>
<p>Unemployment rate: NA%
</p>
<p>Budget: revenues $36.4 million; expenditures $68.1 million,
including capital expenditures of $33.2 million (FY91 est.)
</p>
<list>
<l>Exports: $18.8 million (f.o.b., FY92 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: coconut oil, desiccated coconut, copra,
bananas, taro, vanilla beans, fruits, vegetables, fish</l>
<l> partners: Japan 34%, US 17%, Australia 13%, NZ 13%
(FY91)</l>
<l>Imports: $68.3 million (c.i.f., FY92 est.)</l>
<l> commodities: food products, machinery and transport
equipment, manufactures, fuels, chemicals</l>
<l> partners: NZ 33%, Australia 22%, US 8%, Japan 8% (FY91)</l>
</list>
<p>External debt: $47.5 million (FY91)
</p>
<p>Industrial production: growth rate 1.7% (FY90); accounts for
11% of GDP
</p>
<p>Electricity: 6,000 kW capacity; 8 million kWh produced, 80 kWh
per capita (1990)
</p>
<p>Industries: tourism, fishing
</p>
<p>Agriculture: accounts for 40% of GDP; dominated by coconut,
copra, and banana production; vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee,
ginger, black pepper
</p>
<p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $16
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-89), $258 million
</p>
<p>Currency: 1 pa'anga (T$)=100 seniti
</p>
<p>Exchange rates: pa'anga (T$) per US$1 - 1.3996 (January 1993),
1.3471 (1992), 1.2961 (1991), 1.2809 (1990), 1.2637 (1989),
1.2799 (1988)
</p>
<p>Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June
</p></body></article></text>