home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Unknown | 1992-09-25 | 23.7 KB |
view JSON data
|
view as text
|
open on a Mac
|
open on a PC
This file was not able to be converted.
This format is not currently supported by dexvert.
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000010| f4 1f f5 1f f6 1f f9 1f | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000020| ff ff 13 00 28 00 2d 00 | 2e 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff |....(.-.|........|
|00000030| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000040| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000050| 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 5b 54 |Stalin..|.... [T|
|00000060| 68 65 20 67 72 65 61 74 | 20 65 76 69 6c 20 6f 66 |he great| evil of|
|00000070| 20 74 68 65 20 32 30 74 | 68 20 63 65 6e 74 75 72 | the 20t|h centur|
|00000080| 79 27 73 20 66 6f 75 72 | 74 68 20 64 65 63 61 64 |y's four|th decad|
|00000090| 65 20 77 61 73 20 74 68 | 65 0d 0a 74 72 69 75 6d |e was th|e..trium|
|000000a0| 70 68 20 6f 66 20 74 6f | 74 61 6c 69 74 61 72 69 |ph of to|talitari|
|000000b0| 61 6e 20 72 65 67 69 6d | 65 73 20 69 6e 20 77 68 |an regim|es in wh|
|000000c0| 69 63 68 20 6f 66 20 45 | 75 72 6f 70 65 2c 20 61 |ich of E|urope, a|
|000000d0| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 65 61 72 0d 0a 61 6e 64 |nd the f|ear..and|
|000000e0| 20 6d 6f 72 61 6c 20 63 | 6f 77 61 72 64 69 63 65 | moral c|owardice|
|000000f0| 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 | 65 79 20 65 6e 67 65 6e | that th|ey engen|
|00000100| 64 65 72 65 64 20 69 6e | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6f 66 |dered in| much of|
|00000110| 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 73 | 74 20 6f 66 0d 0a 74 68 | the res|t of..th|
|00000120| 65 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 2e | 20 47 65 72 6d 61 6e 20 |e world.| German |
|00000130| 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c | 20 73 6f 63 69 61 6c 69 |national| sociali|
|00000140| 73 6d 20 61 6e 64 20 52 | 75 73 73 69 61 6e 0d 0a |sm and R|ussian..|
|00000150| 4d 61 72 78 69 73 6d 2d | 4c 65 6e 69 6e 69 73 6d |Marxism-|Leninism|
|00000160| 20 61 6e 64 20 74 6f 20 | 61 20 73 6f 6d 65 77 68 | and to |a somewh|
|00000170| 61 74 20 6c 65 73 73 65 | 72 20 64 65 67 72 65 65 |at lesse|r degree|
|00000180| 2c 20 49 74 61 6c 69 61 | 6e 0d 0a 66 61 73 63 69 |, Italia|n..fasci|
|00000190| 73 6d 2c 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 6f |sm, have| more to|
|000001a0| 20 75 6e 69 74 65 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 74 6f 20 64 | unite t|han to d|
|000001b0| 69 76 69 64 65 20 74 68 | 65 6d 2e 20 4a 6f 73 65 |ivide th|em. Jose|
|000001c0| 66 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e | 27 73 0d 0a 64 69 63 74 |f Stalin|'s..dict|
|000001d0| 61 74 6f 72 73 68 69 70 | 20 75 73 65 64 20 74 68 |atorship| used th|
|000001e0| 65 20 74 68 65 6d 65 20 | 6f 66 20 63 6c 61 73 73 |e theme |of class|
|000001f0| 20 68 61 74 72 65 64 20 | 74 6f 20 77 68 69 70 20 | hatred |to whip |
|00000200| 75 70 0d 0a 65 6e 74 68 | 75 73 69 61 73 6d 2c 20 |up..enth|usiasm, |
|00000210| 64 69 76 69 64 65 20 68 | 69 73 20 65 6e 65 6d 69 |divide h|is enemi|
|00000220| 65 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 64 72 6f 77 6e 20 64 69 |es, and |drown di|
|00000230| 73 73 65 6e 74 2e 20 41 | 64 6f 6c 66 0d 0a 48 69 |ssent. A|dolf..Hi|
|00000240| 74 6c 65 72 27 73 20 75 | 73 65 64 20 72 61 63 65 |tler's u|sed race|
|00000250| 20 68 61 74 72 65 64 2c | 20 74 68 65 6e 20 61 20 | hatred,| then a |
|00000260| 6d 6f 72 65 20 77 69 64 | 65 73 70 72 65 61 64 20 |more wid|espread |
|00000270| 6f 62 73 65 73 73 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 74 68 61 6e 20 |obsessio|n..than |
|00000280| 69 6e 20 74 6f 64 61 79 | 27 73 20 63 6c 6f 73 65 |in today|'s close|
|00000290| 72 2d 6c 69 6e 6b 65 64 | 2c 20 63 6f 73 6d 6f 70 |r-linked|, cosmop|
|000002a0| 6f 6c 69 74 61 6e 20 77 | 6f 72 6c 64 2e 20 4e 65 |olitan w|orld. Ne|
|000002b0| 69 74 68 65 72 20 6d 61 | 6e 0d 0a 70 61 69 64 20 |ither ma|n..paid |
|000002c0| 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 68 61 | 6e 20 6c 69 70 20 73 65 |more tha|n lip se|
|000002d0| 72 76 69 63 65 20 74 6f | 20 69 64 65 6f 6c 6f 67 |rvice to| ideolog|
|000002e0| 79 3b 20 62 6f 74 68 20 | 77 65 72 65 20 61 62 73 |y; both |were abs|
|000002f0| 6f 6c 75 74 65 0d 0a 61 | 75 74 6f 63 72 61 74 73 |olute..a|utocrats|
|00000300| 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 67 61 | 74 68 65 72 65 64 20 61 |, who ga|thered a|
|00000310| 6c 6c 20 70 6f 77 65 72 | 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 74 68 |ll power| into th|
|00000320| 65 69 72 20 6f 77 6e 20 | 68 61 6e 64 73 20 61 6e |eir own |hands an|
|00000330| 64 0d 0a 72 65 6c 69 65 | 64 20 6f 6e 20 73 79 73 |d..relie|d on sys|
|00000340| 74 65 6d 61 74 69 63 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 61 70 70 6c |tematica|lly appl|
|00000350| 69 65 64 20 74 65 72 72 | 6f 72 20 74 6f 20 68 6f |ied terr|or to ho|
|00000360| 6c 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 6f | 20 69 74 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a |ld on to| it.....|
|00000370| 20 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e | 20 68 61 64 20 69 6e 68 | Stalin| had inh|
|00000380| 65 72 69 74 65 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 70 70 61 72 |erited t|he appar|
|00000390| 61 74 75 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 6f 74 61 6c 69 74 61 |atus of |totalita|
|000003a0| 72 69 61 6e 69 73 6d 20 | 73 65 74 20 75 70 0d 0a |rianism |set up..|
|000003b0| 62 79 20 56 6c 61 64 69 | 6d 69 72 20 4c 65 6e 69 |by Vladi|mir Leni|
|000003c0| 6e 20 2d 2d 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 76 65 72 6c 61 70 |n -- the| overlap|
|000003d0| 70 69 6e 67 20 73 74 61 | 74 65 20 61 6e 64 20 70 |ping sta|te and p|
|000003e0| 61 72 74 79 20 6f 72 67 | 61 6e 73 2c 20 74 68 65 |arty org|ans, the|
|000003f0| 0d 0a 73 79 73 74 65 6d | 69 63 20 64 65 63 65 69 |..system|ic decei|
|00000400| 74 2c 20 73 70 79 69 6e | 67 20 61 6e 64 20 62 65 |t, spyin|g and be|
|00000410| 74 72 61 79 61 6c 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 61 62 6f 76 |trayal, |and abov|
|00000420| 65 20 61 6c 6c 20 61 0d | 0a 75 62 69 71 75 69 74 |e all a.|.ubiquit|
|00000430| 6f 75 73 2c 20 62 72 75 | 74 61 6c 20 73 65 63 72 |ous, bru|tal secr|
|00000440| 65 74 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 | 65 20 6f 72 67 61 6e 69 |et polic|e organi|
|00000450| 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 | 49 74 61 6c 79 27 73 20 |zation. |Italy's |
|00000460| 42 65 6e 69 74 6f 0d 0a | 4d 75 73 73 6f 6c 69 6e |Benito..|Mussolin|
|00000470| 69 20 77 61 73 20 61 6e | 20 61 64 6d 69 72 65 72 |i was an| admirer|
|00000480| 20 6f 66 20 4c 65 6e 69 | 6e 2e 20 48 69 74 6c 65 | of Leni|n. Hitle|
|00000490| 72 20 6c 65 61 72 6e 65 | 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 4c |r learne|d from L|
|000004a0| 65 6e 69 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 0d 0a 53 74 61 6c 69 6e |enin and|..Stalin|
|000004b0| 20 68 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 | 65 6e 74 72 65 6e 63 68 | how to |entrench|
|000004c0| 20 61 20 76 69 63 69 6f | 75 73 20 6d 69 6e 6f 72 | a vicio|us minor|
|000004d0| 69 74 79 20 72 65 67 69 | 6d 65 20 69 6e 20 70 6f |ity regi|me in po|
|000004e0| 77 65 72 2e 20 4c 61 74 | 65 72 0d 0a 69 6e 20 74 |wer. Lat|er..in t|
|000004f0| 68 65 20 64 65 63 61 64 | 65 2c 20 53 74 61 6c 69 |he decad|e, Stali|
|00000500| 6e 20 75 73 65 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 61 74 74 65 |n used t|he patte|
|00000510| 72 6e 20 6f 66 20 48 69 | 74 6c 65 72 27 73 20 70 |rn of Hi|tler's p|
|00000520| 75 72 67 65 73 20 6f 66 | 20 68 69 73 0d 0a 6f 77 |urges of| his..ow|
|00000530| 6e 20 68 65 6e 63 68 6d | 65 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 73 |n henchm|en and s|
|00000540| 75 70 70 6f 72 74 65 72 | 73 20 66 6f 72 20 75 73 |upporter|s for us|
|00000550| 65 20 69 6e 20 68 69 73 | 20 6f 77 6e 20 47 72 65 |e in his| own Gre|
|00000560| 61 74 20 54 65 72 72 6f | 72 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |at Terro|r..... |
|00000570| 41 73 20 74 68 65 20 64 | 65 63 61 64 65 20 6f 70 |As the d|ecade op|
|00000580| 65 6e 65 64 2c 20 53 74 | 61 6c 69 6e 20 68 61 64 |ened, St|alin had|
|00000590| 20 64 65 63 69 64 65 64 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 | decided| that th|
|000005a0| 65 20 65 69 67 68 74 20 | 79 65 61 72 73 0d 0a 6f |e eight |years..o|
|000005b0| 66 20 72 65 6c 61 74 69 | 76 65 6c 79 20 6c 65 6e |f relati|vely len|
|000005c0| 69 65 6e 74 20 74 72 65 | 61 74 6d 65 6e 74 20 6f |ient tre|atment o|
|000005d0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 52 75 | 73 73 69 61 6e 20 70 65 |f the Ru|ssian pe|
|000005e0| 61 73 61 6e 74 72 79 20 | 77 6f 75 6c 64 0d 0a 68 |asantry |would..h|
|000005f0| 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 65 | 6e 64 2e 20 54 68 65 20 |ave to e|nd. The |
|00000600| 70 6f 6c 69 63 79 20 68 | 61 64 20 62 65 65 6e 20 |policy h|ad been |
|00000610| 61 64 6f 70 74 65 64 20 | 61 66 74 65 72 20 74 68 |adopted |after th|
|00000620| 65 20 67 72 65 61 74 20 | 66 61 6d 69 6e 65 0d 0a |e great |famine..|
|00000630| 6f 66 20 31 39 32 31 2c | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 6f |of 1921,| which o|
|00000640| 63 63 75 72 72 65 64 20 | 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 |ccurred |because |
|00000650| 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 74 68 61 6e 20 31 30 |the more| than 10|
|00000660| 30 20 6d 69 6c 6c 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 66 61 72 6d 65 |0 millio|n..farme|
|00000670| 72 73 20 72 65 66 75 73 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 62 65 |rs refus|ed to be|
|00000680| 20 63 6f 65 72 63 65 64 | 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 70 72 | coerced| into pr|
|00000690| 6f 76 69 64 69 6e 67 20 | 61 6e 20 61 67 72 69 63 |oviding |an agric|
|000006a0| 75 6c 74 75 72 61 6c 0d | 0a 73 75 72 70 6c 75 73 |ultural.|.surplus|
|000006b0| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 69 | 6c 6c 69 6f 6e 73 20 77 |, and mi|llions w|
|000006c0| 65 72 65 20 73 74 61 72 | 76 69 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 |ere star|ving in |
|000006d0| 74 68 65 20 63 69 74 69 | 65 73 2e 20 42 75 74 20 |the citi|es. But |
|000006e0| 6e 6f 20 6c 6f 6e 67 65 | 72 0d 0a 77 65 72 65 20 |no longe|r..were |
|000006f0| 74 68 65 20 70 65 61 73 | 61 6e 74 73 20 74 6f 20 |the peas|ants to |
|00000700| 72 65 6d 61 69 6e 20 6f | 75 74 73 69 64 65 20 74 |remain o|utside t|
|00000710| 68 65 20 73 79 73 74 65 | 6d 20 6f 66 20 74 6f 74 |he syste|m of tot|
|00000720| 61 6c 69 74 61 72 69 61 | 6e 0d 0a 63 6f 6e 74 72 |alitaria|n..contr|
|00000730| 6f 6c 2e 5d 0d 0a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 28 4a 61 6e 75 61 |ol.]....|..(Janua|
|00000740| 72 79 20 31 33 2c 20 31 | 39 33 30 29 0d 0a 0d 0a |ry 13, 1|930)....|
|00000750| 20 20 53 69 6e 63 65 20 | 69 6e 20 61 6e 79 20 63 | Since |in any c|
|00000760| 6f 75 6e 74 72 79 20 72 | 69 63 68 20 66 61 72 6d |ountry r|ich farm|
|00000770| 65 72 73 20 61 72 65 20 | 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 74 |ers are |always t|
|00000780| 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 74 0d | 0a 63 6f 6e 73 65 72 76 |he most.|.conserv|
|00000790| 61 74 69 76 65 20 6e 6f | 74 20 74 6f 20 73 61 79 |ative no|t to say|
|000007a0| 20 72 65 61 63 74 69 6f | 6e 61 72 79 20 63 6c 61 | reactio|nary cla|
|000007b0| 73 73 2c 20 69 74 20 68 | 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 |ss, it h|as been |
|000007c0| 6f 62 76 69 6f 75 73 0d | 0a 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 |obvious.|.from th|
|000007d0| 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 |e first |that the|
|000007e0| 79 20 6d 75 73 74 20 62 | 65 20 64 65 73 74 72 6f |y must b|e destro|
|000007f0| 79 65 64 20 69 6e 20 53 | 6f 76 69 65 74 20 52 75 |yed in S|oviet Ru|
|00000800| 73 73 69 61 2c 20 62 75 | 74 0d 0a 72 65 63 65 6e |ssia, bu|t..recen|
|00000810| 74 6c 79 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 68 61 73 20 6e 6f 74 |tly this| has not|
|00000820| 20 73 65 65 6d 65 64 20 | 70 72 61 63 74 69 63 61 | seemed |practica|
|00000830| 6c 2e 20 22 49 74 20 69 | 73 20 6e 6f 77 2c 22 20 |l. "It i|s now," |
|00000840| 73 61 69 64 20 53 74 61 | 6c 69 6e 0d 0a 77 69 74 |said Sta|lin..wit|
|00000850| 68 20 71 75 69 65 74 20 | 6d 65 6e 61 63 65 20 6c |h quiet |menace l|
|00000860| 61 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b | 2e 20 48 65 20 6c 61 75 |ast week|. He lau|
|00000870| 6e 63 68 65 64 20 69 6e | 74 6f 20 61 6e 20 61 72 |nched in|to an ar|
|00000880| 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 20 77 | 68 69 63 68 0d 0a 6d 61 |gument w|hich..ma|
|00000890| 79 20 62 65 20 73 75 6d | 6d 61 72 69 7a 65 64 20 |y be sum|marized |
|000008a0| 74 68 75 73 3a 20 31 29 | 20 45 76 65 6e 20 74 77 |thus: 1)| Even tw|
|000008b0| 6f 20 79 65 61 72 73 20 | 61 67 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |o years |ago the |
|000008c0| 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 77 61 73 0d 0a |Governme|nt was..|
|000008d0| 6c 61 72 67 65 6c 79 20 | 64 65 70 65 6e 64 65 6e |largely |dependen|
|000008e0| 74 20 75 70 6f 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 6b 75 6c 61 6b |t upon t|he kulak|
|000008f0| 20 74 6f 20 70 72 6f 64 | 75 63 65 20 77 68 61 74 | to prod|uce what|
|00000900| 20 69 73 20 63 61 6c 6c | 65 64 20 74 68 65 0d 0a | is call|ed the..|
|00000910| 22 65 78 70 6f 72 74 20 | 73 75 72 70 6c 75 73 22 |"export |surplus"|
|00000920| 20 6f 66 20 52 75 73 73 | 69 61 6e 20 67 72 61 69 | of Russ|ian grai|
|00000930| 6e 2e 20 49 74 20 69 73 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 75 |n. It is| this su|
|00000940| 72 70 6c 75 73 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 74 68 65 0d |rplus wh|ich the.|
|00000950| 0a 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 73 65 6c 6c |.Governm|ent sell|
|00000960| 73 20 61 62 72 6f 61 64 | 2c 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 |s abroad|, using |
|00000970| 74 68 65 20 67 6f 6c 64 | 20 72 65 63 65 69 76 65 |the gold| receive|
|00000980| 64 20 69 6e 20 65 78 63 | 68 61 6e 67 65 20 74 6f |d in exc|hange to|
|00000990| 0d 0a 62 75 79 20 66 6f | 72 65 69 67 6e 20 6d 61 |..buy fo|reign ma|
|000009a0| 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 72 | 65 64 20 67 6f 6f 64 73 |nufactur|ed goods|
|000009b0| 2e 20 53 69 6e 63 65 20 | 66 6f 72 65 69 67 6e 20 |. Since |foreign |
|000009c0| 6d 61 6e 75 66 61 63 74 | 75 72 65 72 73 20 77 69 |manufact|urers wi|
|000009d0| 6c 6c 0d 0a 6e 6f 74 20 | 74 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65 |ll..not |take the|
|000009e0| 79 20 70 61 79 20 69 6e | 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 6e |y pay in| Russian|
|000009f0| 20 72 75 62 6c 65 73 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 73 75 72 | rubles,| the sur|
|00000a00| 70 6c 75 73 20 67 72 61 | 69 6e 20 77 68 69 63 68 |plus gra|in which|
|00000a10| 0d 0a 65 71 75 61 6c 73 | 20 67 6f 6c 64 20 69 73 |..equals| gold is|
|00000a20| 20 76 69 74 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 74 61 | vitally| importa|
|00000a30| 6e 74 3b 20 32 29 20 44 | 75 72 69 6e 67 20 74 68 |nt; 2) D|uring th|
|00000a40| 65 20 70 61 73 74 20 74 | 77 6f 20 79 65 61 72 73 |e past t|wo years|
|00000a50| 0d 0a 74 68 6f 75 73 61 | 6e 64 73 20 6f 66 20 6b |..thousa|nds of k|
|00000a60| 75 6c 61 6b 20 65 73 74 | 61 74 65 73 20 68 61 76 |ulak est|ates hav|
|00000a70| 65 20 62 65 65 6e 20 63 | 6f 6e 66 69 73 63 61 74 |e been c|onfiscat|
|00000a80| 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | 75 72 6e 65 64 0d 0a 6f |ed and t|urned..o|
|00000a90| 76 65 72 20 74 6f 20 63 | 6f 6c 6c 65 63 74 69 76 |ver to c|ollectiv|
|00000aa0| 69 73 74 20 66 61 72 6d | 20 77 6f 72 6b 65 72 73 |ist farm| workers|
|00000ab0| 20 66 6f 72 20 69 6e 74 | 65 6e 73 69 76 65 20 63 | for int|ensive c|
|00000ac0| 75 6c 74 69 76 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 0d 0a 75 6e 64 65 |ultivati|on..unde|
|00000ad0| 72 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 | 72 65 63 74 20 73 75 70 |r the di|rect sup|
|00000ae0| 65 72 76 69 73 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |ervision| of the |
|00000af0| 53 74 61 74 65 2e 20 49 | 74 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 77 |State. I|t is now|
|00000b00| 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 | 68 61 74 0d 0a 69 6e 20 | found t|hat..in |
|00000b10| 31 39 32 39 20 74 68 65 | 73 65 20 63 6f 6c 6c 65 |1929 the|se colle|
|00000b20| 63 74 69 76 65 20 66 61 | 72 6d 73 20 70 72 6f 64 |ctive fa|rms prod|
|00000b30| 75 63 65 64 20 61 20 67 | 72 65 61 74 65 72 20 65 |uced a g|reater e|
|00000b40| 78 70 6f 72 74 20 73 75 | 72 70 6c 75 73 0d 0a 74 |xport su|rplus..t|
|00000b50| 68 61 6e 20 64 69 64 20 | 74 68 65 20 6b 75 6c 61 |han did |the kula|
|00000b60| 6b 20 66 61 72 6d 73 20 | 69 6e 20 31 39 32 37 3b |k farms |in 1927;|
|00000b70| 20 33 29 20 45 72 67 6f | 2c 20 61 72 67 75 65 64 | 3) Ergo|, argued|
|00000b80| 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 | 6c 61 73 74 0d 0a 77 65 | Stalin |last..we|
|00000b90| 65 6b 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | 47 6f 76 65 72 6e 6d 65 |ek, the |Governme|
|00000ba0| 6e 74 20 69 73 20 6e 6f | 20 6c 6f 6e 67 65 72 20 |nt is no| longer |
|00000bb0| 64 65 70 65 6e 64 65 6e | 74 20 75 70 6f 6e 20 74 |dependen|t upon t|
|00000bc0| 68 65 20 6b 75 6c 61 6b | 20 61 6e 64 0d 0a 77 69 |he kulak| and..wi|
|00000bd0| 6c 6c 20 70 72 6f 63 65 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 64 65 |ll proce|ed to de|
|00000be0| 73 74 72 6f 79 20 68 69 | 6d 20 61 73 20 61 20 63 |stroy hi|m as a c|
|00000bf0| 6c 61 73 73 2c 20 63 6f | 6e 66 69 73 63 61 74 69 |lass, co|nfiscati|
|00000c00| 6e 67 20 68 69 73 20 6c | 61 6e 64 73 0d 0a 62 75 |ng his l|ands..bu|
|00000c10| 74 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 69 | 6e 67 20 68 69 6d 20 74 |t allowi|ng him t|
|00000c20| 6f 20 65 78 63 68 61 6e | 67 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 |o exchan|ge the s|
|00000c30| 74 75 6c 74 69 66 79 69 | 6e 67 20 73 6c 6f 74 68 |tultifyi|ng sloth|
|00000c40| 20 6f 66 20 77 65 61 6c | 74 68 20 66 6f 72 0d 0a | of weal|th for..|
|00000c50| 68 61 72 64 2c 20 69 6e | 76 69 67 6f 72 61 74 69 |hard, in|vigorati|
|00000c60| 6e 67 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 | 61 73 20 61 20 63 6f 6c |ng work |as a col|
|00000c70| 6c 65 63 74 69 76 69 73 | 74 20 66 61 72 6d 20 68 |lectivis|t farm h|
|00000c80| 61 6e 64 2c 20 70 65 72 | 68 61 70 73 20 6f 6e 0d |and, per|haps on.|
|00000c90| 0a 77 68 61 74 20 77 61 | 73 20 6f 6e 63 65 20 68 |.what wa|s once h|
|00000ca0| 69 73 20 6f 77 6e 20 65 | 73 74 61 74 65 2e 0d 0a |is own e|state...|
|00000cb0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 5b 56 | 69 72 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 |.... [V|irtually|
|00000cc0| 20 61 6c 6c 20 70 65 61 | 73 61 6e 74 73 20 72 65 | all pea|sants re|
|00000cd0| 73 69 73 74 65 64 20 63 | 6f 6c 6c 65 63 74 69 76 |sisted c|ollectiv|
|00000ce0| 69 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 |ization,| and in |
|00000cf0| 74 68 65 0d 0a 76 69 6f | 6c 65 6e 63 65 20 75 6e |the..vio|lence un|
|00000d00| 6c 65 61 73 68 65 64 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6e |leashed |in the n|
|00000d10| 65 78 74 20 66 65 77 20 | 6d 6f 6e 74 68 73 20 66 |ext few |months f|
|00000d20| 69 76 65 20 6d 69 6c 6c | 69 6f 6e 20 77 65 72 65 |ive mill|ion were|
|00000d30| 0d 0a 6b 69 6c 6c 65 64 | 2c 20 61 73 20 6d 61 6e |..killed|, as man|
|00000d40| 79 20 61 73 20 74 65 6e | 20 6d 69 6c 6c 69 6f 6e |y as ten| million|
|00000d50| 20 73 65 6e 74 20 74 6f | 20 6c 61 62 6f 72 20 63 | sent to| labor c|
|00000d60| 61 6d 70 73 2e 20 54 68 | 65 20 70 65 61 73 61 6e |amps. Th|e peasan|
|00000d70| 74 73 0d 0a 62 75 72 6e | 65 64 20 74 68 65 69 72 |ts..burn|ed their|
|00000d80| 20 63 72 6f 70 73 20 61 | 6e 64 20 73 6c 61 75 67 | crops a|nd slaug|
|00000d90| 68 74 65 72 65 64 20 74 | 68 65 69 72 20 6c 69 76 |htered t|heir liv|
|00000da0| 65 73 74 6f 63 6b 20 72 | 61 74 68 65 72 20 74 68 |estock r|ather th|
|00000db0| 61 6e 0d 0a 74 75 72 6e | 20 74 68 65 6d 20 6f 76 |an..turn| them ov|
|00000dc0| 65 72 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 74 61 74 65 2e |er to th|e state.|
|00000dd0| 20 4c 69 74 74 6c 65 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 | Little |of this |
|00000de0| 72 65 61 63 68 65 64 20 | 74 68 65 20 57 65 73 74 |reached |the West|
|00000df0| 65 72 6e 0d 0a 70 72 65 | 73 73 2c 20 68 6f 77 65 |ern..pre|ss, howe|
|00000e00| 76 65 72 2c 20 75 6e 74 | 69 6c 20 74 68 65 20 74 |ver, unt|il the t|
|00000e10| 65 6c 6c 74 61 6c 65 20 | 73 69 67 6e 73 20 6f 66 |elltale |signs of|
|00000e20| 20 68 75 6e 67 65 72 20 | 61 70 70 65 61 72 65 64 | hunger |appeared|
|00000e30| 0d 0a 61 67 61 69 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 63 69 74 69 65 |..again |in citie|
|00000e40| 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 4d | 6f 73 63 6f 77 2e 5d 0d |s like M|oscow.].|
|00000e50| 0a 0d 0a 28 53 65 70 74 | 65 6d 62 65 72 20 31 32 |...(Sept|ember 12|
|00000e60| 2c 20 31 39 33 32 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 57 68 65 |, 1932).|... Whe|
|00000e70| 74 68 65 72 20 65 6e 6f | 75 67 68 20 66 6f 6f 64 |ther eno|ugh food|
|00000e80| 20 67 6f 74 20 69 6e 74 | 6f 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 | got int|o Russia|
|00000e90| 6e 20 73 74 6f 6d 61 63 | 68 73 20 77 61 73 20 61 |n stomac|hs was a|
|00000ea0| 6e 20 61 63 61 64 65 6d | 69 63 0d 0a 71 75 65 73 |n academ|ic..ques|
|00000eb0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 4d 6f 73 63 6f 77 20 63 |tion to |Moscow c|
|00000ec0| 6f 72 72 65 73 70 6f 6e | 64 65 6e 74 73 20 75 6e |orrespon|dents un|
|00000ed0| 74 69 6c 20 6c 61 73 74 | 20 77 65 65 6b 2e 20 53 |til last| week. S|
|00000ee0| 75 64 64 65 6e 6c 79 0d | 0a 44 69 63 74 61 74 6f |uddenly.|.Dictato|
|00000ef0| 72 20 4a 6f 73 65 66 20 | 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 61 |r Josef |Stalin a|
|00000f00| 6e 6e 6f 75 6e 63 65 64 | 2c 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 |nnounced|, for th|
|00000f10| 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 | 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 73 68 |e first |time, sh|
|00000f20| 6f 72 74 20 66 6f 6f 64 | 0d 0a 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |ort food|..ration|
|00000f30| 73 20 66 6f 72 20 6e 6f | 74 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 61 |s for no|t only a|
|00000f40| 6c 6c 20 66 6f 72 65 69 | 67 6e 20 63 6f 72 72 65 |ll forei|gn corre|
|00000f50| 73 70 6f 6e 64 65 6e 74 | 73 20 62 75 74 20 65 76 |spondent|s but ev|
|00000f60| 65 6e 20 66 6f 72 0d 0a | 70 72 65 76 69 6f 75 73 |en for..|previous|
|00000f70| 6c 79 20 70 61 6d 70 65 | 72 65 64 20 66 6f 72 65 |ly pampe|red fore|
|00000f80| 69 67 6e 20 65 6e 67 69 | 6e 65 65 72 73 2e 0d 0a |ign engi|neers...|
|00000f90| 0d 0a 20 20 57 6f 72 73 | 65 20 73 74 69 6c 6c 2c |.. Wors|e still,|
|00000fa0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 69 | 63 65 20 6f 66 20 72 61 | the pri|ce of ra|
|00000fb0| 74 69 6f 6e 65 64 20 66 | 6f 6f 64 20 77 61 73 20 |tioned f|ood was |
|00000fc0| 64 72 61 73 74 69 63 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 75 70 70 65 |drastica|lly uppe|
|00000fd0| 64 2e 0d 0a 45 67 67 20 | 70 72 69 63 65 73 20 72 |d...Egg |prices r|
|00000fe0| 6f 73 65 20 32 35 30 25 | 20 6f 76 65 72 6e 69 67 |ose 250%| overnig|
|00000ff0| 68 74 2e 20 4d 65 61 74 | 20 70 72 69 63 65 73 20 |ht. Meat| prices |
|00001000| 61 6c 6d 6f 73 74 20 64 | 6f 75 62 6c 65 64 2e 20 |almost d|oubled. |
|00001010| 54 68 69 73 0d 0a 77 69 | 6e 74 65 72 20 74 68 65 |This..wi|nter the|
|00001020| 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 66 6f | 72 65 69 67 6e 65 72 73 | only fo|reigners|
|00001030| 20 69 6e 20 52 75 73 73 | 69 61 20 74 6f 20 65 61 | in Russ|ia to ea|
|00001040| 74 20 77 65 6c 6c 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 74 |t well w|ill be t|
|00001050| 68 65 0d 0a 64 69 70 6c | 6f 6d 61 74 69 63 20 63 |he..dipl|omatic c|
|00001060| 6f 72 70 73 2c 20 70 72 | 69 76 69 6c 65 67 65 64 |orps, pr|ivileged|
|00001070| 20 74 6f 20 62 72 69 6e | 67 20 69 6e 20 66 6f 6f | to brin|g in foo|
|00001080| 64 20 64 75 74 79 20 66 | 72 65 65 20 75 6e 64 65 |d duty f|ree unde|
|00001090| 72 0d 0a 64 69 70 6c 6f | 6d 61 74 69 63 20 73 65 |r..diplo|matic se|
|000010a0| 61 6c 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 46 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |al..... | For the|
|000010b0| 20 6d 6f 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 67 72 65 65 6e 20 76 65 | moment |green ve|
|000010c0| 67 65 74 61 62 6c 65 73 | 20 72 65 6d 61 69 6e 65 |getables| remaine|
|000010d0| 64 20 70 6c 65 6e 74 69 | 66 75 6c 20 69 6e 20 52 |d plenti|ful in R|
|000010e0| 75 73 73 69 61 6e 0d 0a | 63 69 74 69 65 73 20 70 |ussian..|cities p|
|000010f0| 65 64 64 6c 65 64 20 62 | 79 20 70 65 61 73 61 6e |eddled b|y peasan|
|00001100| 74 73 20 75 6e 64 65 72 | 20 44 69 63 74 61 74 6f |ts under| Dictato|
|00001110| 72 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e | 27 73 20 64 65 63 72 65 |r Stalin|'s decre|
|00001120| 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a 6c 61 | 73 74 20 73 70 72 69 6e |e of..la|st sprin|
|00001130| 67 20 70 65 72 6d 69 74 | 74 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 6d |g permit|ting lim|
|00001140| 69 74 65 64 20 72 65 73 | 75 6d 70 74 69 6f 6e 20 |ited res|umption |
|00001150| 6f 66 20 70 72 69 76 61 | 74 65 20 74 72 61 64 65 |of priva|te trade|
|00001160| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 | 75 74 75 6d 6e 20 67 72 |..... A|utumn gr|
|00001170| 61 69 6e 20 73 6f 77 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 72 6f 75 |ain sowi|ng throu|
|00001180| 67 68 6f 75 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 |ghout th|e Soviet|
|00001190| 20 55 6e 69 6f 6e 20 69 | 73 20 22 68 69 67 68 6c | Union i|s "highl|
|000011a0| 79 0d 0a 73 61 74 69 73 | 66 61 63 74 6f 72 79 2c |y..satis|factory,|
|000011b0| 22 20 77 69 74 68 20 6f | 6e 6c 79 20 37 2c 30 30 |" with o|nly 7,00|
|000011c0| 30 2c 30 30 30 20 61 63 | 72 65 73 20 73 6f 77 6e |0,000 ac|res sown|
|000011d0| 20 74 68 69 73 20 79 65 | 61 72 20 61 73 0d 0a 63 | this ye|ar as..c|
|000011e0| 6f 6d 70 61 72 65 64 20 | 74 6f 20 31 35 2c 30 30 |ompared |to 15,00|
|000011f0| 30 2c 30 30 30 20 6c 61 | 73 74 20 79 65 61 72 20 |0,000 la|st year |
|00001200| 28 74 6f 20 41 75 67 2e | 20 32 35 29 2e 0d 0a 0d |(to Aug.| 25)....|
|00001210| 0a 20 20 45 76 65 72 79 | 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 6e |. Every| Russian|
|00001220| 20 66 6f 6f 64 20 73 68 | 6f 72 74 61 67 65 20 69 | food sh|ortage i|
|00001230| 73 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 |s produc|ed by th|
|00001240| 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 63 | 61 75 73 65 3a 20 61 0d |e same c|ause: a.|
|00001250| 0a 66 61 69 6c 75 72 65 | 20 6f 66 20 73 75 66 66 |.failure| of suff|
|00001260| 69 63 69 65 6e 74 20 67 | 6f 6f 64 73 20 74 6f 20 |icient g|oods to |
|00001270| 72 65 61 63 68 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 65 61 73 61 6e |reach th|e peasan|
|00001280| 74 72 79 20 69 6e 20 74 | 69 6d 65 20 74 6f 0d 0a |try in t|ime to..|
|00001290| 73 74 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 | 65 20 74 68 65 6d 20 74 |stimulat|e them t|
|000012a0| 6f 20 67 72 6f 77 20 6d | 6f 72 65 20 66 6f 6f 64 |o grow m|ore food|
|000012b0| 20 74 68 61 6e 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 73 75 66 66 69 | than wi|ll suffi|
|000012c0| 63 65 20 74 68 65 69 72 | 20 6f 77 6e 0d 0a 6e 65 |ce their| own..ne|
|000012d0| 65 64 73 2e 20 4c 61 7a | 79 20 61 6e 64 20 73 68 |eds. Laz|y and sh|
|000012e0| 72 65 77 64 2c 20 74 68 | 65 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 |rewd, th|e Russia|
|000012f0| 6e 20 70 65 61 73 61 6e | 74 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 6e |n peasan|t will n|
|00001300| 6f 74 20 70 69 6c 65 20 | 75 70 20 61 0d 0a 66 6f |ot pile |up a..fo|
|00001310| 6f 64 20 73 75 72 70 6c | 75 73 20 77 68 69 63 68 |od surpl|us which|
|00001320| 20 74 68 65 20 47 6f 76 | 65 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 | the Gov|ernment |
|00001330| 6d 61 79 20 73 65 69 7a | 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 68 |may seiz|e from h|
|00001340| 69 6d 20 62 79 20 66 6f | 72 63 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a |im by fo|rce.....|
|00001350| 20 20 49 74 20 77 61 73 | 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 74 | It was| thought|
|00001360| 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 61 20 53 74 61 | that wi|th a Sta|
|00001370| 74 65 2d 61 70 70 6f 69 | 6e 74 65 64 20 43 6f 6d |te-appoi|nted Com|
|00001380| 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 20 69 | 6e 20 63 68 61 72 67 65 |munist i|n charge|
|00001390| 0d 0a 6f 66 20 65 61 63 | 68 20 66 61 72 6d 20 74 |..of eac|h farm t|
|000013a0| 68 65 20 70 65 61 73 61 | 6e 74 73 20 77 6f 75 6c |he peasa|nts woul|
|000013b0| 64 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 65 2c 20 70 72 6f 64 75 |d produc|e, produ|
|000013c0| 63 65 2c 20 70 72 6f 64 | 75 63 65 2e 20 46 6f 72 |ce, prod|uce. For|
|000013d0| 0d 0a 61 20 74 69 6d 65 | 20 74 68 65 79 20 64 69 |..a time| they di|
|000013e0| 64 2e 20 42 75 74 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 79 65 61 72 |d. But t|his year|
|000013f0| 20 74 68 65 20 53 74 61 | 74 65 27 73 20 66 61 69 | the Sta|te's fai|
|00001400| 6c 75 72 65 20 74 6f 20 | 73 68 69 70 0d 0a 73 75 |lure to |ship..su|
|00001410| 66 66 69 63 69 65 6e 74 | 20 67 6f 6f 64 73 20 74 |fficient| goods t|
|00001420| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 | 63 68 61 6e 69 7a 65 64 |o the me|chanized|
|00001430| 20 63 6f 6c 6c 65 63 74 | 69 76 65 73 20 69 73 20 | collect|ives is |
|00001440| 70 72 6f 64 75 63 69 6e | 67 20 61 0d 0a 6e 65 77 |producin|g a..new|
|00001450| 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 6f 73 | 74 20 6f 6d 69 6e 6f 75 | and mos|t ominou|
|00001460| 73 20 22 63 6f 6c 6c 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 73 74 |s "colle|ctive st|
|00001470| 72 69 6b 65 2e 22 0d 0a | 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 41 70 72 |rike."..|....(Apr|
|00001480| 69 6c 20 31 30 2c 20 31 | 39 33 33 29 0d 0a 0d 0a |il 10, 1|933)....|
|00001490| 20 20 47 61 72 65 74 68 | 20 4a 6f 6e 65 73 2c 20 | Gareth| Jones, |
|000014a0| 61 20 73 65 72 69 6f 75 | 73 20 79 6f 75 6e 67 20 |a seriou|s young |
|000014b0| 6d 61 6e 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 67 6c 61 73 73 65 73 |man with| glasses|
|000014c0| 2c 20 61 72 72 69 76 65 | 64 20 69 6e 0d 0a 42 65 |, arrive|d in..Be|
|000014d0| 72 6c 69 6e 20 6c 61 73 | 74 20 77 65 65 6b 20 61 |rlin las|t week a|
|000014e0| 66 74 65 72 20 61 20 74 | 68 72 65 65 2d 77 65 65 |fter a t|hree-wee|
|000014f0| 6b 20 74 6f 75 72 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 55 6b |k tour o|f the Uk|
|00001500| 72 61 69 6e 65 2e 20 48 | 65 20 68 61 64 0d 0a 61 |raine. H|e had..a|
|00001510| 20 64 72 65 61 64 66 75 | 6c 20 74 61 6c 65 20 74 | dreadfu|l tale t|
|00001520| 6f 20 74 65 6c 6c 3a 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 49 20 |o tell:.|... "I |
|00001530| 77 61 6c 6b 65 64 20 74 | 68 72 6f 75 67 68 20 74 |walked t|hrough t|
|00001540| 68 65 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 | 72 79 20 76 69 73 69 74 |he count|ry visit|
|00001550| 69 6e 67 20 76 69 6c 6c | 61 67 65 73 20 61 6e 64 |ing vill|ages and|
|00001560| 0d 0a 69 6e 76 65 73 74 | 69 67 61 74 69 6e 67 20 |..invest|igating |
|00001570| 74 77 65 6c 76 65 20 63 | 6f 6c 6c 65 63 74 69 76 |twelve c|ollectiv|
|00001580| 65 20 66 61 72 6d 73 2e | 20 45 76 65 72 79 77 68 |e farms.| Everywh|
|00001590| 65 72 65 20 49 20 68 65 | 61 72 64 20 74 68 65 0d |ere I he|ard the.|
|000015a0| 0a 63 72 79 3a 20 22 54 | 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 |.cry: "T|here is |
|000015b0| 6e 6f 20 62 72 65 61 64 | 2c 20 77 65 20 61 72 65 |no bread|, we are|
|000015c0| 20 64 79 69 6e 67 21 27 | 20 54 68 69 73 20 63 72 | dying!'| This cr|
|000015d0| 79 20 69 73 20 72 69 73 | 69 6e 67 20 66 72 6f 6d |y is ris|ing from|
|000015e0| 0d 0a 61 6c 6c 20 70 61 | 72 74 73 20 6f 66 20 52 |..all pa|rts of R|
|000015f0| 75 73 73 69 61 3b 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 |ussia; f|rom the |
|00001600| 56 6f 6c 67 61 20 64 69 | 73 74 72 69 63 74 2c 20 |Volga di|strict, |
|00001610| 66 72 6f 6d 20 53 69 62 | 65 72 69 61 2c 20 66 72 |from Sib|eria, fr|
|00001620| 6f 6d 0d 0a 57 68 69 74 | 65 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 |om..Whit|e Russia|
|00001630| 2c 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 43 | 65 6e 74 72 61 6c 20 41 |, from C|entral A|
|00001640| 73 69 61 20 61 6e 64 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 |sia and |from the|
|00001650| 20 55 6b 72 61 69 6e 65 | 20 62 6c 61 63 6b 20 64 | Ukraine| black d|
|00001660| 69 72 74 0d 0a 63 6f 75 | 6e 74 72 79 2e 0d 0a 0d |irt..cou|ntry....|
|00001670| 0a 20 20 22 4d 6f 73 74 | 20 6f 66 66 69 63 69 61 |. "Most| officia|
|00001680| 6c 73 20 64 65 6e 79 20 | 61 6e 79 20 66 61 6d 69 |ls deny |any fami|
|00001690| 6e 65 20 65 78 69 73 74 | 73 2c 20 62 75 74 20 61 |ne exist|s, but a|
|000016a0| 20 66 65 77 20 6d 69 6e | 75 74 65 73 0d 0a 66 6f | few min|utes..fo|
|000016b0| 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 6e 65 20 73 75 63 68 |llowing |one such|
|000016c0| 20 64 65 6e 69 61 6c 20 | 69 6e 20 61 20 74 72 61 | denial |in a tra|
|000016d0| 69 6e 20 49 20 63 68 61 | 6e 63 65 64 20 74 6f 20 |in I cha|nced to |
|000016e0| 74 68 72 6f 77 20 61 77 | 61 79 20 61 0d 0a 73 74 |throw aw|ay a..st|
|000016f0| 61 6c 65 20 70 69 65 63 | 65 20 6f 66 20 6d 79 20 |ale piec|e of my |
|00001700| 70 72 69 76 61 74 65 20 | 73 75 70 70 6c 79 20 6f |private |supply o|
|00001710| 66 20 62 72 65 61 64 2e | 20 4c 69 6b 65 20 61 20 |f bread.| Like a |
|00001720| 73 68 6f 74 20 61 20 70 | 65 61 73 61 6e 74 0d 0a |shot a p|easant..|
|00001730| 64 69 76 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 66 6c 6f |dived to| the flo|
|00001740| 6f 72 2c 20 67 72 61 62 | 62 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 |or, grab|bed the |
|00001750| 63 72 75 73 74 20 61 6e | 64 20 64 65 76 6f 75 72 |crust an|d devour|
|00001760| 65 64 20 69 74 2e 20 54 | 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 0d |ed it. T|he same.|
|00001770| 0a 70 65 72 66 6f 72 6d | 61 6e 63 65 20 77 61 73 |.perform|ance was|
|00001780| 20 72 65 70 65 61 74 65 | 64 20 6c 61 74 65 72 20 | repeate|d later |
|00001790| 77 69 74 68 20 61 6e 20 | 6f 72 61 6e 67 65 20 70 |with an |orange p|
|000017a0| 65 65 6c 2e 20 45 76 65 | 6e 0d 0a 74 72 61 6e 73 |eel. Eve|n..trans|
|000017b0| 70 6f 72 74 20 61 6e 64 | 20 47 2e 50 2e 55 2e 20 |port and| G.P.U. |
|000017c0| 6f 66 66 69 63 65 72 73 | 20 77 61 72 6e 65 64 20 |officers| warned |
|000017d0| 6d 65 20 61 67 61 69 6e | 73 74 20 74 72 61 76 65 |me again|st trave|
|000017e0| 6c 69 6e 67 20 6f 76 65 | 72 0d 0a 74 68 65 20 63 |ling ove|r..the c|
|000017f0| 6f 75 6e 74 72 79 73 69 | 64 65 20 61 74 20 6e 69 |ountrysi|de at ni|
|00001800| 67 68 74 20 62 65 63 61 | 75 73 65 20 6f 66 20 74 |ght beca|use of t|
|00001810| 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 73 20 6f 66 20 73 74 |he numbe|rs of st|
|00001820| 61 72 76 69 6e 67 2c 0d | 0a 64 65 73 70 65 72 61 |arving,.|.despera|
|00001830| 74 65 20 6d 65 6e 2e 2e | 2e 41 20 66 6f 72 65 69 |te men..|.A forei|
|00001840| 67 6e 20 65 78 70 65 72 | 74 20 77 68 6f 20 72 65 |gn exper|t who re|
|00001850| 74 75 72 6e 65 64 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 4b 61 7a 61 |turned f|rom Kaza|
|00001860| 6b 73 74 61 6e 0d 0a 74 | 6f 6c 64 20 6d 65 20 74 |kstan..t|old me t|
|00001870| 68 61 74 20 31 2c 30 30 | 30 2c 30 30 30 20 6f 66 |hat 1,00|0,000 of|
|00001880| 20 74 68 65 20 35 2c 30 | 30 30 2c 30 30 30 20 6f | the 5,0|00,000 o|
|00001890| 66 20 69 6e 68 61 62 69 | 74 61 6e 74 73 20 74 68 |f inhabi|tants th|
|000018a0| 65 72 65 0d 0a 68 61 76 | 65 20 64 69 65 64 20 6f |ere..hav|e died o|
|000018b0| 66 20 68 75 6e 67 65 72 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 |f hunger|.......(|
|000018c0| 4a 75 6c 79 20 33 2c 20 | 31 39 33 33 29 0d 0a 0d |July 3, |1933)...|
|000018d0| 0a 20 20 4e 6f 74 68 69 | 6e 67 20 62 72 69 6e 67 |. Nothi|ng bring|
|000018e0| 73 20 73 75 63 68 20 61 | 20 74 68 75 6e 64 65 72 |s such a| thunder|
|000018f0| 6f 75 73 20 66 72 6f 77 | 6e 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 |ous frow|n to the|
|00001900| 20 64 61 72 6b 20 62 72 | 6f 77 20 6f 66 0d 0a 4a | dark br|ow of..J|
|00001910| 6f 73 65 66 20 53 74 61 | 6c 69 6e 20 61 73 20 72 |osef Sta|lin as r|
|00001920| 65 70 6f 72 74 73 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 |eports f|rom the |
|00001930| 66 61 72 6d 20 66 72 6f | 6e 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 |farm fro|nt that |
|00001940| 66 6f 6f 64 20 70 72 6f | 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 0d |food pro|duction.|
|00001950| 0a 69 73 20 6c 61 67 67 | 69 6e 67 2e 20 50 72 6f |.is lagg|ing. Pro|
|00001960| 6d 70 74 6c 79 20 61 67 | 65 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 |mptly ag|ents of |
|00001970| 68 69 73 20 47 61 79 2d | 50 61 79 2d 4f 6f 20 70 |his Gay-|Pay-Oo p|
|00001980| 6f 75 6e 63 65 20 28 75 | 73 75 61 6c 6c 79 0d 0a |ounce (u|sually..|
|00001990| 61 74 20 6e 69 67 68 74 | 29 20 6f 6e 20 70 65 61 |at night|) on pea|
|000019a0| 73 61 6e 74 20 6c 61 67 | 67 61 72 64 73 2c 20 73 |sant lag|gards, s|
|000019b0| 68 69 70 20 74 68 65 6d | 20 6f 66 66 20 66 72 6f |hip them| off fro|
|000019c0| 6d 20 74 68 65 69 72 0d | 0a 61 6e 63 65 73 74 72 |m their.|.ancestr|
|000019d0| 61 6c 20 66 61 72 6d 73 | 20 74 6f 20 73 61 77 20 |al farms| to saw |
|000019e0| 77 6f 6f 64 20 61 6e 64 | 20 73 70 6c 69 74 20 72 |wood and| split r|
|000019f0| 6f 63 6b 73 20 69 6e 20 | 62 6c 65 61 6b 20 53 69 |ocks in |bleak Si|
|00001a00| 62 65 72 69 61 2e 0d 0a | 41 6c 6c 20 6c 61 73 74 |beria...|All last|
|00001a10| 20 79 65 61 72 20 66 6f | 6f 64 20 73 68 6f 72 74 | year fo|od short|
|00001a20| 61 67 65 20 67 72 69 70 | 70 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 |age grip|ped the |
|00001a30| 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 55 | 6e 69 6f 6e 2c 20 70 65 |Soviet U|nion, pe|
|00001a40| 61 73 61 6e 74 0d 0a 64 | 65 70 6f 72 74 61 74 69 |asant..d|eportati|
|00001a50| 6f 6e 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 | 69 6e 75 65 64 2c 20 70 |ons cont|inued, p|
|00001a60| 72 6f 70 68 65 73 69 65 | 73 20 66 6c 65 77 20 74 |rophesie|s flew t|
|00001a70| 68 61 74 20 61 20 70 65 | 61 73 61 6e 74 20 22 70 |hat a pe|asant "p|
|00001a80| 61 73 73 69 76 65 0d 0a | 73 74 72 69 6b 65 22 20 |assive..|strike" |
|00001a90| 6d 69 67 68 74 20 63 72 | 61 63 6b 20 74 68 65 20 |might cr|ack the |
|00001aa0| 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 72 | 65 67 69 6d 65 2e 0d 0a |Stalin r|egime...|
|00001ab0| 0d 0a 20 20 49 6e 20 4d | 6f 73 63 6f 77 2c 20 6c |.. In M|oscow, l|
|00001ac0| 61 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b | 2c 20 72 65 6c 69 65 76 |ast week|, reliev|
|00001ad0| 65 64 20 53 74 61 74 65 | 20 73 74 61 74 69 73 74 |ed State| statist|
|00001ae0| 69 63 69 61 6e 73 20 70 | 72 6f 64 75 63 65 64 0d |icians p|roduced.|
|00001af0| 0a 63 75 72 76 65 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 73 68 65 61 |.curves |and shea|
|00001b00| 76 65 73 20 6f 66 20 66 | 69 67 75 72 65 73 20 77 |ves of f|igures w|
|00001b10| 68 69 63 68 20 6d 61 64 | 65 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e |hich mad|e Stalin|
|00001b20| 20 73 6d 69 6c 65 2e 0d | 0a 41 70 70 61 72 65 6e | smile..|.Apparen|
|00001b30| 74 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 | 53 74 61 74 65 20 73 70 |tly the |State sp|
|00001b40| 72 69 6e 67 20 73 6f 77 | 69 6e 67 20 63 61 6d 70 |ring sow|ing camp|
|00001b50| 61 69 67 6e 20 69 73 20 | 6e 6f 77 20 39 35 2e 34 |aign is |now 95.4|
|00001b60| 25 0d 0a 66 75 6c 66 69 | 6c 6c 65 64 20 2d 2d 20 |%..fulfi|lled -- |
|00001b70| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 79 65 61 72 27 73 20 |and this| year's |
|00001b80| 66 69 67 75 72 65 73 2c | 20 65 76 65 6e 20 69 66 |figures,| even if|
|00001b90| 20 61 20 74 72 69 66 6c | 65 0d 0a 6f 70 74 69 6d | a trifl|e..optim|
|00001ba0| 69 73 74 69 63 2c 20 73 | 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 |istic, s|hould be|
|00001bb0| 20 66 61 72 20 6d 6f 72 | 65 20 61 63 63 75 72 61 | far mor|e accura|
|00001bc0| 74 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 | 6c 61 73 74 20 79 65 61 |te than |last yea|
|00001bd0| 72 27 73 2e 20 46 6f 72 | 0d 0a 63 6f 6e 73 70 69 |r's. For|..conspi|
|00001be0| 72 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 | 64 65 63 65 69 76 65 20 |ring to |deceive |
|00001bf0| 44 69 63 74 61 74 6f 72 | 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 |Dictator| Stalin |
|00001c00| 6c 61 73 74 20 79 65 61 | 72 20 77 69 74 68 0d 0a |last yea|r with..|
|00001c10| 6f 76 65 72 2d 6f 70 74 | 69 6d 69 73 74 69 63 20 |over-opt|imistic |
|00001c20| 66 61 72 6d 20 73 74 61 | 74 69 73 74 69 63 73 20 |farm sta|tistics |
|00001c30| 33 35 20 63 6f 6d 72 61 | 64 65 73 20 77 65 72 65 |35 comra|des were|
|00001c40| 20 73 68 6f 74 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 54 68 65 20 | shot...|.. The |
|00001c50| 67 72 65 61 74 20 66 61 | 63 74 20 69 73 20 74 68 |great fa|ct is th|
|00001c60| 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 53 | 6f 76 69 65 74 20 53 74 |at the S|oviet St|
|00001c70| 61 74 65 20 68 61 73 20 | 70 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 64 |ate has |plowed d|
|00001c80| 65 66 69 6e 69 74 65 6c | 79 0d 0a 74 68 72 6f 75 |efinitel|y..throu|
|00001c90| 67 68 20 61 20 22 66 61 | 6d 69 6e 65 20 77 69 6e |gh a "fa|mine win|
|00001ca0| 74 65 72 2e 22 20 4c 61 | 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b 20 |ter." La|st week |
|00001cb0| 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 27 73 | 20 73 6d 69 6c 65 20 74 |Stalin's| smile t|
|00001cc0| 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 65 | 64 0d 0a 69 74 73 65 6c |ranslate|d..itsel|
|00001cd0| 66 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 70 | 72 6f 6d 70 74 20 61 63 |f into p|rompt ac|
|00001ce0| 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 4d 6f | 72 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 |tion. Mo|re than |
|00001cf0| 31 30 30 2c 30 30 30 20 | 74 68 6f 72 6f 75 67 68 |100,000 |thorough|
|00001d00| 6c 79 20 70 75 6e 69 73 | 68 65 64 0d 0a 70 65 61 |ly punis|hed..pea|
|00001d10| 73 61 6e 74 73 20 77 65 | 72 65 20 72 65 6c 65 61 |sants we|re relea|
|00001d20| 73 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 68 |sed from| their h|
|00001d30| 61 72 73 68 20 65 78 69 | 6c 65 2c 20 73 65 6e 74 |arsh exi|le, sent|
|00001d40| 20 62 61 63 6b 20 6f 6e | 0d 0a 6a 6f 79 6f 75 73 | back on|..joyous|
|00001d50| 6c 79 20 63 6c 61 74 74 | 65 72 69 6e 67 20 74 72 |ly clatt|ering tr|
|00001d60| 61 69 6e 73 20 74 6f 20 | 68 65 6c 70 20 74 69 6c |ains to |help til|
|00001d70| 6c 20 74 68 65 20 32 32 | 35 2c 30 30 30 2c 30 30 |l the 22|5,000,00|
|00001d80| 30 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 | 0d 0a 61 63 72 65 73 20 |0 Soviet|..acres |
|00001d90| 74 68 75 73 20 66 61 72 | 20 73 6f 77 6e 2e 20 42 |thus far| sown. B|
|00001da0| 65 73 74 20 6f 66 20 61 | 6c 6c 2c 20 66 72 6f 6d |est of a|ll, from|
|00001db0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 61 | 73 61 6e 74 27 73 20 73 | the pea|sant's s|
|00001dc0| 74 61 6e 64 70 6f 69 6e | 74 2c 0d 0a 44 69 63 74 |tandpoin|t,..Dict|
|00001dd0| 61 74 6f 72 20 53 74 61 | 6c 69 6e 20 63 72 65 61 |ator Sta|lin crea|
|00001de0| 74 65 64 20 61 6e 20 41 | 6c 6c 2d 55 6e 69 6f 6e |ted an A|ll-Union|
|00001df0| 20 50 72 6f 63 75 72 61 | 74 6f 72 69 61 6c 20 44 | Procura|torial D|
|00001e00| 65 70 61 72 74 6d 65 6e | 74 0d 0a 74 6f 20 63 75 |epartmen|t..to cu|
|00001e10| 72 62 20 61 6e 64 20 73 | 75 70 65 72 76 69 73 65 |rb and s|upervise|
|00001e20| 20 68 69 73 20 73 74 72 | 6f 6e 67 2d 20 61 72 6d | his str|ong- arm|
|00001e30| 20 61 67 65 6e 74 73 3a | 20 74 68 65 20 47 61 79 | agents:| the Gay|
|00001e40| 2d 50 61 79 2d 4f 6f 2c | 0d 0a 74 68 65 20 6d 69 |-Pay-Oo,|..the mi|
|00001e50| 6c 69 74 69 61 2c 20 74 | 68 65 20 63 72 69 6d 69 |litia, t|he crimi|
|00001e60| 6e 61 6c 20 70 6f 6c 69 | 63 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d |nal poli|ce......|
|00001e70| 0a 20 20 5b 45 6d 62 6f | 6c 64 65 6e 65 64 20 62 |. [Embo|ldened b|
|00001e80| 79 20 74 68 65 20 73 75 | 63 63 65 73 73 20 6f 66 |y the su|ccess of|
|00001e90| 20 48 69 74 6c 65 72 27 | 73 20 62 6c 6f 6f 64 20 | Hitler'|s blood |
|00001ea0| 70 75 72 67 65 20 6f 66 | 20 68 69 73 0d 0a 66 6f |purge of| his..fo|
|00001eb0| 6c 6c 6f 77 65 72 73 2c | 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 |llowers,| Stalin |
|00001ec0| 69 6e 20 31 39 33 34 20 | 62 65 67 61 6e 20 74 6f |in 1934 |began to|
|00001ed0| 20 6d 6f 76 65 20 61 67 | 61 69 6e 73 74 20 74 68 | move ag|ainst th|
|00001ee0| 65 20 4f 6c 64 0d 0a 42 | 6f 6c 73 68 65 76 69 6b |e Old..B|olshevik|
|00001ef0| 73 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 | 20 70 61 72 74 79 2c 20 |s of his| party, |
|00001f00| 6d 6f 73 74 6c 79 20 6d | 65 6e 20 77 68 6f 20 68 |mostly m|en who h|
|00001f10| 61 64 20 62 65 65 6e 20 | 68 69 73 20 65 71 75 61 |ad been |his equa|
|00001f20| 6c 73 20 6f 72 0d 0a 62 | 65 74 74 65 72 20 61 6e |ls or..b|etter an|
|00001f30| 64 20 77 68 6f 20 68 61 | 64 20 6f 70 70 6f 73 65 |d who ha|d oppose|
|00001f40| 64 20 6f 72 20 61 6e 67 | 65 72 65 64 20 68 69 6d |d or ang|ered him|
|00001f50| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 61 73 74 2e 20 46 6f | in the |past. Fo|
|00001f60| 72 20 61 6e 0d 0a 65 78 | 63 75 73 65 2c 20 68 65 |r an..ex|cuse, he|
|00001f70| 20 75 73 65 64 20 74 68 | 65 20 6d 75 72 64 65 72 | used th|e murder|
|00001f80| 20 6f 66 20 53 65 72 67 | 65 69 20 4b 69 72 6f 76 | of Serg|ei Kirov|
|00001f90| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 4c 65 | 6e 69 6e 67 72 61 64 20 |, the Le|ningrad |
|00001fa0| 70 61 72 74 79 0d 0a 62 | 6f 73 73 2e 20 54 68 65 |party..b|oss. The|
|00001fb0| 20 6b 69 6c 6c 69 6e 67 | 20 77 61 73 20 61 6c 6d | killing| was alm|
|00001fc0| 6f 73 74 20 63 65 72 74 | 61 69 6e 6c 79 20 65 6e |ost cert|ainly en|
|00001fd0| 67 69 6e 65 65 72 65 64 | 20 62 79 20 53 74 61 6c |gineered| by Stal|
|00001fe0| 69 6e 0d 0a 68 69 6d 73 | 65 6c 66 2e 5d 0d 0a 0d |in..hims|elf.]...|
|00001ff0| 0a 28 44 65 63 65 6d 62 | 65 72 20 31 37 2c 20 31 |.(Decemb|er 17, 1|
|00002000| 39 33 34 29 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 57 68 65 6e 20 73 |934)....| When s|
|00002010| 6f 6d 65 20 37 37 20 47 | 65 72 6d 61 6e 73 20 77 |ome 77 G|ermans w|
|00002020| 65 72 65 20 73 68 6f 74 | 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 |ere shot| during |
|00002030| 41 64 6f 6c 66 20 48 69 | 74 6c 65 72 27 73 20 22 |Adolf Hi|tler's "|
|00002040| 62 6c 6f 6f 64 0d 0a 70 | 75 72 67 65 2c 22 20 74 |blood..p|urge," t|
|00002050| 68 65 79 20 61 74 20 6c | 65 61 73 74 20 77 65 72 |hey at l|east wer|
|00002060| 65 20 61 63 63 75 73 65 | 64 20 6f 66 20 70 6c 6f |e accuse|d of plo|
|00002070| 74 74 69 6e 67 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 74 68 61 74 0d |tting wi|th that.|
|00002080| 0a 70 6c 75 67 2d 75 67 | 6c 79 20 70 65 64 65 72 |.plug-ug|ly peder|
|00002090| 61 73 74 20 43 61 70 74 | 61 69 6e 20 45 72 6e 73 |ast Capt|ain Erns|
|000020a0| 74 20 52 6f 65 68 6d 2e | 20 4c 61 73 74 20 77 65 |t Roehm.| Last we|
|000020b0| 65 6b 20 4a 6f 73 65 66 | 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 0d |ek Josef| Stalin.|
|000020c0| 0a 72 65 73 6f 72 74 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 6d 6f 72 |.resorte|d to mor|
|000020d0| 65 20 64 72 61 73 74 69 | 63 20 42 6f 6c 73 68 65 |e drasti|c Bolshe|
|000020e0| 76 69 6b 20 54 65 72 72 | 6f 72 2c 20 74 65 72 72 |vik Terr|or, terr|
|000020f0| 6f 72 20 69 6e 20 69 74 | 73 20 70 75 72 65 73 74 |or in it|s purest|
|00002100| 0d 0a 66 6f 72 6d 2e 20 | 42 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 |..form. |Because |
|00002110| 61 20 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |a member| of the |
|00002120| 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 50 | 6f 6c 69 74 62 75 72 65 |Soviet P|olitbure|
|00002130| 61 75 20 6f 72 20 52 65 | 64 20 42 69 67 20 54 65 |au or Re|d Big Te|
|00002140| 6e 0d 0a 68 61 64 20 62 | 65 65 6e 20 61 73 73 61 |n..had b|een assa|
|00002150| 73 73 69 6e 61 74 65 64 | 2c 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 |ssinated|, Soviet|
|00002160| 20 66 69 72 69 6e 67 20 | 73 71 75 61 64 73 20 6c | firing |squads l|
|00002170| 61 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b | 20 6d 6f 77 65 64 20 64 |ast week| mowed d|
|00002180| 6f 77 6e 0d 0a 36 36 20 | 52 75 73 73 69 61 6e 73 |own..66 |Russians|
|00002190| 2c 20 6f 6e 65 20 61 20 | 77 6f 6d 61 6e 2c 20 77 |, one a |woman, w|
|000021a0| 68 6f 20 77 65 72 65 20 | 6e 6f 74 20 61 63 63 75 |ho were |not accu|
|000021b0| 73 65 64 20 6f 66 20 68 | 61 76 69 6e 67 0d 0a 61 |sed of h|aving..a|
|000021c0| 6e 79 74 68 69 6e 67 20 | 74 6f 20 64 6f 20 77 69 |nything |to do wi|
|000021d0| 74 68 20 41 73 73 61 73 | 73 69 6e 20 4c 65 6f 6e |th Assas|sin Leon|
|000021e0| 69 64 20 4e 69 63 6f 6c | 61 65 76 20 6f 72 20 68 |id Nicol|aev or h|
|000021f0| 69 73 20 63 72 69 6d 65 | 2e 0d 0a 41 63 63 6f 72 |is crime|...Accor|
|00002200| 64 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 | 64 69 73 70 61 74 63 68 |ding to |dispatch|
|00002210| 65 73 20 70 61 73 73 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 |es passe|d by the|
|00002220| 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 | 63 65 6e 73 6f 72 2c 20 | Soviet |censor, |
|00002230| 22 74 68 65 79 20 64 69 | 65 64 0d 0a 74 6f 20 65 |"they di|ed..to e|
|00002240| 78 70 72 65 73 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 47 6f 76 65 72 |xpress t|he Gover|
|00002250| 6e 6d 65 6e 74 27 73 20 | 64 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e |nment's |determin|
|00002260| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 4e 69 63 6f 6c |ation th|at Nicol|
|00002270| 61 65 76 27 73 20 61 63 | 74 0d 0a 73 68 6f 75 6c |aev's ac|t..shoul|
|00002280| 64 20 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 64 |d not be| the mod|
|00002290| 65 6c 20 66 6f 72 20 6f | 74 68 65 72 73 2e 22 0d |el for o|thers.".|
|000022a0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 73 73 | 61 73 73 69 6e 20 4e 69 |... Ass|assin Ni|
|000022b0| 63 6f 6c 61 65 76 20 68 | 69 6d 73 65 6c 66 20 77 |colaev h|imself w|
|000022c0| 61 73 20 62 65 69 6e 67 | 20 63 61 72 65 66 75 6c |as being| careful|
|000022d0| 6c 79 20 6e 75 72 73 65 | 64 20 69 6e 20 61 0d 0a |ly nurse|d in a..|
|000022e0| 4c 65 6e 69 6e 67 72 61 | 64 20 68 6f 73 70 69 74 |Leningra|d hospit|
|000022f0| 61 6c 2c 20 64 6f 63 74 | 6f 72 73 20 68 6f 70 69 |al, doct|ors hopi|
|00002300| 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 70 72 | 65 76 65 6e 74 20 44 65 |ng to pr|event De|
|00002310| 61 74 68 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 68 69 73 0d 0a 73 65 |ath from| his..se|
|00002320| 6c 66 2d 69 6e 66 6c 69 | 63 74 65 64 20 77 6f 75 |lf-infli|cted wou|
|00002330| 6e 64 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 62 65 61 74 69 |nd and t|he beati|
|00002340| 6e 67 20 68 65 20 72 65 | 63 65 69 76 65 64 2e 20 |ng he re|ceived. |
|00002350| 69 66 20 73 61 76 65 64 | 2c 20 68 65 0d 0a 77 61 |if saved|, he..wa|
|00002360| 73 20 65 78 70 65 63 74 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 67 6f |s expect|ed to go|
|00002370| 2c 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 | 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 47 |, first |to the G|
|00002380| 61 79 2d 70 61 79 2d 6f | 6f 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 |ay-pay-o|o for th|
|00002390| 69 72 64 20 64 65 67 72 | 65 65 2c 0d 0a 74 68 65 |ird degr|ee,..the|
|000023a0| 6e 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 | 20 6d 6f 6e 73 74 65 72 |n into a| monster|
|000023b0| 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 | 70 72 6f 70 61 67 61 6e | Soviet |propagan|
|000023c0| 64 61 20 74 72 69 61 6c | 20 61 6e 64 20 66 69 6e |da trial| and fin|
|000023d0| 61 6c 6c 79 20 62 65 66 | 6f 72 65 0d 0a 61 20 66 |ally bef|ore..a f|
|000023e0| 69 72 69 6e 67 20 73 71 | 75 61 64 2e 20 4c 61 73 |iring sq|uad. Las|
|000023f0| 74 20 77 65 65 6b 20 74 | 68 65 20 47 61 79 2d 70 |t week t|he Gay-p|
|00002400| 61 79 2d 6f 6f 20 77 65 | 72 65 20 72 65 70 6f 72 |ay-oo we|re repor|
|00002410| 74 65 64 20 74 6f 20 68 | 61 76 65 0d 0a 73 68 6f |ted to h|ave..sho|
|00002420| 74 20 68 69 73 20 38 35 | 2d 79 65 61 72 2d 6f 6c |t his 85|-year-ol|
|00002430| 64 20 6d 6f 74 68 65 72 | 2c 20 68 69 73 20 77 69 |d mother|, his wi|
|00002440| 66 65 2c 20 68 69 73 20 | 64 61 75 67 68 74 65 72 |fe, his |daughter|
|00002450| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 68 69 | 73 0d 0a 73 6f 6e 73 20 |s and hi|s..sons |
|00002460| 2d 2d 20 69 6e 20 61 64 | 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 |-- in ad|dition t|
|00002470| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 36 36 | 20 65 78 65 63 75 74 69 |o the 66| executi|
|00002480| 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 70 | 75 72 65 20 42 6f 6c 73 |ons of p|ure Bols|
|00002490| 68 65 76 69 6b 0d 0a 54 | 65 72 72 6f 72 2e 0d 0a |hevik..T|error...|
|000024a0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 44 65 63 | 65 6d 62 65 72 20 33 31 |....(Dec|ember 31|
|000024b0| 2c 20 31 39 33 34 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 54 77 69 |, 1934).|... Twi|
|000024c0| 63 65 20 68 61 73 20 4f | 6c 64 20 42 6f 6c 73 68 |ce has O|ld Bolsh|
|000024d0| 65 76 69 6b 20 47 72 69 | 67 6f 72 79 20 5a 69 6e |evik Gri|gory Zin|
|000024e0| 6f 76 69 65 76 20 6f 72 | 67 61 6e 69 7a 65 64 20 |oviev or|ganized |
|000024f0| 6f 70 70 6f 73 69 74 69 | 6f 6e 0d 0a 74 6f 20 43 |oppositi|on..to C|
|00002500| 6f 6d 72 61 64 65 20 53 | 74 61 6c 69 6e 27 73 20 |omrade S|talin's |
|00002510| 70 6f 6c 69 63 69 65 73 | 20 77 69 74 68 69 6e 20 |policies| within |
|00002520| 74 68 65 20 50 61 72 74 | 79 2e 20 54 77 69 63 65 |the Part|y. Twice|
|00002530| 20 68 61 73 20 53 74 61 | 6c 69 6e 0d 0a 70 65 72 | has Sta|lin..per|
|00002540| 6d 69 74 74 65 64 20 68 | 69 6d 20 61 62 6a 65 63 |mitted h|im abjec|
|00002550| 74 6c 79 20 74 6f 20 72 | 65 70 65 6e 74 20 61 6e |tly to r|epent an|
|00002560| 64 20 65 61 74 20 63 72 | 6f 77 2e 20 4c 61 73 74 |d eat cr|ow. Last|
|00002570| 20 77 65 65 6b 20 68 65 | 20 77 61 73 0d 0a 74 75 | week he| was..tu|
|00002580| 72 6e 69 6e 67 20 6f 62 | 73 63 75 72 65 6c 79 20 |rning ob|scurely |
|00002590| 61 73 20 61 20 6d 69 6e | 6f 72 20 63 6f 67 20 69 |as a min|or cog i|
|000025a0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 50 61 | 72 74 79 20 62 75 72 65 |n the Pa|rty bure|
|000025b0| 61 75 63 72 61 63 79 20 | 77 68 65 6e 0d 0a 61 62 |aucracy |when..ab|
|000025c0| 72 75 70 74 6c 79 20 74 | 68 65 20 44 69 63 74 61 |ruptly t|he Dicta|
|000025d0| 74 6f 72 20 63 68 6f 73 | 65 20 74 6f 20 66 6c 61 |tor chos|e to fla|
|000025e0| 75 6e 74 20 61 67 61 69 | 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 70 69 |unt agai|n and pi|
|000025f0| 6c 6c 6f 72 79 20 74 68 | 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 0d 0a |llory th|e name..|
|00002600| 5a 49 4e 4f 56 49 45 56 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 53 |ZINOVIEV|..... S|
|00002610| 6f 6d 65 20 73 6f 72 74 | 20 6f 66 20 6e 61 6d 65 |ome sort| of name|
|00002620| 20 73 69 6d 70 6c 79 20 | 68 61 64 20 74 6f 20 62 | simply |had to b|
|00002630| 65 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |e produc|ed in th|
|00002640| 65 20 74 68 69 72 64 20 | 77 65 65 6b 0d 0a 6f 66 |e third |week..of|
|00002650| 20 63 61 70 72 69 63 69 | 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 73 68 | caprici|ously sh|
|00002660| 6f 6f 74 69 6e 67 20 62 | 61 74 63 68 65 73 20 6f |ooting b|atches o|
|00002670| 66 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 | 6e 73 20 69 6e 20 6f 72 |f Russia|ns in or|
|00002680| 69 65 6e 74 61 6c 0d 0a | 76 65 6e 67 65 61 6e 63 |iental..|vengeanc|
|00002690| 65 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 | 65 20 6d 75 72 64 65 72 |e for th|e murder|
|000026a0| 20 6f 66 20 4a 6f 73 65 | 66 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e | of Jose|f Stalin|
|000026b0| 27 73 20 22 44 65 61 72 | 20 46 72 69 65 6e 64 20 |'s "Dear| Friend |
|000026c0| 53 65 72 67 65 69 22 0d | 0a 4b 69 72 6f 76 2e 0d |Sergei".|.Kirov..|
|000026d0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 43 6f 6e | 76 69 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 |... Con|viction |
|000026e0| 67 72 65 77 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 74 68 65 20 4b 69 |grew tha|t the Ki|
|000026f0| 72 6f 76 20 61 73 73 61 | 73 73 69 6e 61 74 69 6f |rov assa|ssinatio|
|00002700| 6e 20 77 61 73 20 69 6e | 64 65 65 64 20 61 0d 0a |n was in|deed a..|
|00002710| 6d 61 6a 6f 72 20 69 6e | 73 69 64 65 20 6a 6f 62 |major in|side job|
|00002720| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 6f 6e | 6c 79 20 6b 69 6e 64 20 |, the on|ly kind |
|00002730| 6f 66 20 6a 6f 62 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 63 6f 75 6c |of job t|hat coul|
|00002740| 64 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 69 | 76 61 62 6c 79 0d 0a 67 |d concei|vably..g|
|00002750| 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 44 | 69 63 74 61 74 6f 72 20 |et the D|ictator |
|00002760| 68 69 6d 73 65 6c 66 2e | 20 4f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |himself.| On the |
|00002770| 67 72 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 | 68 79 70 6f 74 68 65 73 |growing |hypothes|
|00002780| 69 73 20 74 68 61 74 0d | 0a 73 74 65 65 6c 2d 6e |is that.|.steel-n|
|00002790| 65 72 76 65 64 20 53 74 | 61 6c 69 6e 20 66 6f 72 |erved St|alin for|
|000027a0| 20 6f 6e 63 65 20 68 61 | 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 62 | once ha|s been b|
|000027b0| 61 64 6c 79 20 73 63 61 | 72 65 64 2c 20 68 69 73 |adly sca|red, his|
|000027c0| 0d 0a 65 78 65 63 75 74 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 |..execut|ions of |
|000027d0| 22 70 75 72 65 20 74 65 | 72 72 6f 72 22 20 61 6e |"pure te|rror" an|
|000027e0| 64 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e | 75 65 64 20 61 72 72 65 |d contin|ued arre|
|000027f0| 73 74 73 20 77 65 72 65 | 0d 0a 75 6e 64 65 72 73 |sts were|..unders|
|00002800| 74 61 6e 64 61 62 6c 65 | 20 6c 61 73 74 20 77 65 |tandable| last we|
|00002810| 65 6b 2e 20 44 6f 77 6e | 20 69 6e 20 4b 69 65 76 |ek. Down| in Kiev|
|00002820| 2c 20 61 6e 63 69 65 6e | 74 2c 20 63 68 75 72 63 |, ancien|t, churc|
|00002830| 68 2d 6a 61 6d 6d 65 64 | 0d 0a 4d 6f 74 68 65 72 |h-jammed|..Mother|
|00002840| 20 54 6f 77 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 41 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 | Town of| All the|
|00002850| 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 73 | 2c 20 73 74 61 72 20 63 | Russias|, star c|
|00002860| 68 61 6d 62 65 72 20 74 | 72 69 61 6c 73 20 63 6f |hamber t|rials co|
|00002870| 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 64 0d | 0a 75 6e 64 65 72 20 66 |ntinued.|.under f|
|00002880| 61 6d 65 64 20 4a 75 64 | 67 65 20 55 6c 72 69 63 |amed Jud|ge Ulric|
|00002890| 68 2e 20 4d 65 61 6e 77 | 68 69 6c 65 20 43 6f 6d |h. Meanw|hile Com|
|000028a0| 72 61 64 65 20 4e 69 63 | 6f 6c 61 65 76 2c 20 74 |rade Nic|olaev, t|
|000028b0| 68 65 0d 0a 61 73 73 61 | 73 73 69 6e 20 6f 66 20 |he..assa|ssin of |
|000028c0| 22 44 65 61 72 20 46 72 | 69 65 6e 64 20 53 65 72 |"Dear Fr|iend Ser|
|000028d0| 67 65 69 2c 22 20 72 65 | 6d 61 69 6e 65 64 20 61 |gei," re|mained a|
|000028e0| 6c 69 76 65 20 61 77 61 | 69 74 69 6e 67 20 74 72 |live awa|iting tr|
|000028f0| 69 61 6c 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 46 6f 72 20 73 69 |ial.....| For si|
|00002900| 78 20 64 61 79 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 47 6f 76 65 72 |x days t|he Gover|
|00002910| 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 63 6f | 6e 63 65 61 6c 65 64 20 |nment co|ncealed |
|00002920| 74 68 65 20 66 61 63 74 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 43 6f |the fact| that Co|
|00002930| 6d 72 61 64 65 0d 0a 5a | 69 6e 6f 76 69 65 76 20 |mrade..Z|inoviev |
|00002940| 77 61 73 20 61 72 72 65 | 73 74 65 64 20 6c 61 73 |was arre|sted las|
|00002950| 74 20 77 65 65 6b 2c 20 | 61 6c 6f 6e 67 20 77 69 |t week, |along wi|
|00002960| 74 68 20 43 6f 6d 72 61 | 64 65 20 4c 65 76 20 4b |th Comra|de Lev K|
|00002970| 61 6d 65 6e 65 76 2c 0d | 0a 6f 6e 65 74 69 6d 65 |amenev,.|.onetime|
|00002980| 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 | 41 6d 62 61 73 73 61 64 | Soviet |Ambassad|
|00002990| 6f 72 20 74 6f 20 49 74 | 61 6c 79 2c 20 43 6f 6d |or to It|aly, Com|
|000029a0| 72 61 64 65 20 47 2e 45 | 2e 20 59 65 76 6b 6f 6b |rade G.E|. Yevkok|
|000029b0| 69 6d 6f 76 2c 0d 0a 6f | 6e 65 2d 74 69 6d 65 20 |imov,..o|ne-time |
|000029c0| 52 65 64 20 42 6f 73 73 | 20 6f 66 20 4c 65 6e 69 |Red Boss| of Leni|
|000029d0| 6e 67 72 61 64 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 31 33 20 6f 74 |ngrad, a|nd 13 ot|
|000029e0| 68 65 72 73 2e 20 41 6c | 6c 20 68 61 64 20 62 65 |hers. Al|l had be|
|000029f0| 65 6e 0d 0a 6d 65 6d 62 | 65 72 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |en..memb|ers of t|
|00002a00| 68 65 20 4c 65 66 74 20 | 4f 70 70 6f 73 69 74 69 |he Left |Oppositi|
|00002a10| 6f 6e 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 20 66 6f 75 67 68 74 20 |on which| fought |
|00002a20| 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 69 | 6e 20 31 39 32 36 2d 32 |Stalin i|n 1926-2|
|00002a30| 37 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 5b 4e 69 6b 6f 6c |7.......| [Nikol|
|00002a40| 61 65 76 20 61 6e 64 20 | 68 69 73 20 31 33 20 70 |aev and |his 13 p|
|00002a50| 75 72 70 6f 72 74 65 64 | 20 63 6f 2d 63 6f 6e 73 |urported| co-cons|
|00002a60| 70 69 72 61 74 6f 72 73 | 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 68 |pirators| were sh|
|00002a70| 6f 74 20 61 66 74 65 72 | 0d 0a 61 20 73 65 63 72 |ot after|..a secr|
|00002a80| 65 74 20 74 72 69 61 6c | 2c 20 61 6c 6f 6e 67 20 |et trial|, along |
|00002a90| 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 74 | 6f 74 61 6c 20 6f 66 20 |with a t|otal of |
|00002aa0| 31 31 37 20 6f 74 68 65 | 72 73 2e 20 42 75 74 20 |117 othe|rs. But |
|00002ab0| 5a 69 6e 6f 76 69 65 76 | 0d 0a 61 6e 64 20 4b 61 |Zinoviev|..and Ka|
|00002ac0| 6d 65 6e 65 76 20 77 65 | 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 74 |menev we|re not t|
|00002ad0| 72 69 65 64 20 75 6e 74 | 69 6c 20 31 38 20 6d 6f |ried unt|il 18 mo|
|00002ae0| 6e 74 68 73 20 6c 61 74 | 65 72 2c 20 69 74 20 68 |nths lat|er, it h|
|00002af0| 61 76 69 6e 67 0d 0a 74 | 61 6b 65 6e 20 74 68 61 |aving..t|aken tha|
|00002b00| 74 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 74 | 6f 20 65 78 74 72 61 63 |t long t|o extrac|
|00002b10| 74 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 | 65 6e 74 68 75 73 69 61 |t their |enthusia|
|00002b20| 73 74 69 63 20 63 6f 6e | 66 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 |stic con|fessions|
|00002b30| 2e 5d 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 41 | 75 67 75 73 74 20 33 31 |.]....(A|ugust 31|
|00002b40| 2c 20 31 39 33 36 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 73 20 |, 1936).|... As |
|00002b50| 74 68 69 63 6b 20 63 6c | 6f 75 64 73 20 72 6f 6c |thick cl|ouds rol|
|00002b60| 6c 65 64 20 6f 76 65 72 | 20 4d 6f 73 63 6f 77 20 |led over| Moscow |
|00002b70| 6f 6e 65 20 61 66 74 65 | 72 6e 6f 6f 6e 20 6c 61 |one afte|rnoon la|
|00002b80| 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b 0d | 0a 74 68 65 20 6f 72 6e |st week.|.the orn|
|00002b90| 61 74 65 20 63 68 61 6e | 64 65 6c 69 65 72 73 20 |ate chan|deliers |
|00002ba0| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6f | 6e 65 74 69 6d 65 20 4e |of the o|netime N|
|00002bb0| 6f 62 6c 65 73 20 43 6c | 75 62 20 77 65 72 65 20 |obles Cl|ub were |
|00002bc0| 6c 69 67 68 74 65 64 2c | 0d 0a 53 6f 76 69 65 74 |lighted,|..Soviet|
|00002bd0| 20 73 6f 6c 64 69 65 72 | 73 20 69 6e 20 62 6c 75 | soldier|s in blu|
|00002be0| 65 20 63 61 70 73 20 61 | 70 70 65 61 72 65 64 20 |e caps a|ppeared |
|00002bf0| 77 69 74 68 20 66 69 78 | 65 64 20 62 61 79 6f 6e |with fix|ed bayon|
|00002c00| 65 74 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 0d 0a 73 6f 6d 65 20 35 |ets, and|..some 5|
|00002c10| 30 30 20 70 65 6f 70 6c | 65 20 77 65 72 65 20 61 |00 peopl|e were a|
|00002c20| 64 6d 69 74 74 65 64 20 | 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 73 |dmitted |to the s|
|00002c30| 74 61 74 65 6c 79 20 48 | 61 6c 6c 20 6f 66 20 43 |tately H|all of C|
|00002c40| 6f 6c 75 6d 6e 73 0d 0a | 61 66 74 65 72 20 74 68 |olumns..|after th|
|00002c50| 65 69 72 20 63 72 65 64 | 65 6e 74 69 61 6c 73 20 |eir cred|entials |
|00002c60| 68 61 64 20 62 65 65 6e | 20 63 68 65 63 6b 65 64 |had been| checked|
|00002c70| 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 63 | 68 65 63 6b 65 64 20 62 | and rec|hecked b|
|00002c80| 79 0d 0a 73 65 6e 74 72 | 69 65 73 20 61 74 20 74 |y..sentr|ies at t|
|00002c90| 68 65 20 64 6f 6f 72 73 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 53 |he doors|..... S|
|00002ca0| 6f 6d 65 77 68 61 74 20 | 6c 65 73 73 20 6c 69 67 |omewhat |less lig|
|00002cb0| 68 74 20 6f 66 20 73 74 | 65 70 20 61 6e 64 20 70 |ht of st|ep and p|
|00002cc0| 61 6e 74 68 65 72 2d 6c | 69 6b 65 20 74 68 61 6e |anther-l|ike than|
|00002cd0| 20 75 73 75 61 6c 0d 0a | 65 6e 74 65 72 65 64 20 | usual..|entered |
|00002ce0| 43 68 69 65 66 20 50 72 | 6f 73 65 63 75 74 6f 72 |Chief Pr|osecutor|
|00002cf0| 20 41 6e 64 72 65 69 20 | 56 69 73 68 69 6e 73 6b | Andrei |Vishinsk|
|00002d00| 79 2c 20 6c 6f 6e 67 74 | 69 6d 65 20 70 6f 75 6e |y, longt|ime poun|
|00002d10| 63 65 72 20 69 6e 0d 0a | 62 72 6f 61 64 63 61 73 |cer in..|broadcas|
|00002d20| 74 20 42 6f 6c 73 68 65 | 76 69 6b 20 74 72 69 61 |t Bolshe|vik tria|
|00002d30| 6c 73 2e 20 41 74 20 74 | 68 65 20 6c 65 66 74 20 |ls. At t|he left |
|00002d40| 6f 66 20 4a 75 64 67 65 | 20 55 6c 72 69 63 68 20 |of Judge| Ulrich |
|00002d50| 77 61 73 20 74 68 65 0d | 0a 62 6f 78 20 6f 66 20 |was the.|.box of |
|00002d60| 31 36 20 70 72 69 73 6f | 6e 65 72 73 20 61 72 6f |16 priso|ners aro|
|00002d70| 75 6e 64 20 77 68 6f 6d | 20 73 74 6f 6f 64 20 52 |und whom| stood R|
|00002d80| 65 64 20 41 72 6d 79 20 | 67 75 61 72 64 73 2c 20 |ed Army |guards, |
|00002d90| 63 68 61 6e 67 65 64 0d | 0a 65 76 65 72 79 20 68 |changed.|.every h|
|00002da0| 61 6c 66 20 68 6f 75 72 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 |alf hour|..... A|
|00002db0| 20 63 6c 65 72 6b 20 61 | 74 20 4a 75 64 67 65 20 | clerk a|t Judge |
|00002dc0| 55 6c 72 69 63 68 27 73 | 20 65 6c 62 6f 77 20 72 |Ulrich's| elbow r|
|00002dd0| 65 61 64 20 72 61 70 69 | 64 6c 79 20 61 6e 20 69 |ead rapi|dly an i|
|00002de0| 6e 64 69 63 74 6d 65 6e | 74 20 6f 66 0d 0a 74 68 |ndictmen|t of..th|
|00002df0| 65 20 61 63 63 75 73 65 | 64 20 73 6f 20 63 6f 6d |e accuse|d so com|
|00002e00| 70 6c 65 78 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 68 69 73 20 73 77 |plex tha|t his sw|
|00002e10| 69 66 74 20 73 65 6e 74 | 65 6e 63 65 73 20 6c 65 |ift sent|ences le|
|00002e20| 66 74 20 73 70 65 63 74 | 61 74 6f 72 73 0d 0a 62 |ft spect|ators..b|
|00002e30| 6c 75 72 72 65 64 20 61 | 73 20 74 6f 20 64 65 74 |lurred a|s to det|
|00002e40| 61 69 6c 73 2e 20 51 75 | 69 74 65 20 63 6c 65 61 |ails. Qu|ite clea|
|00002e50| 72 2c 20 74 68 6f 75 67 | 68 2c 20 77 65 72 65 20 |r, thoug|h, were |
|00002e60| 74 68 65 20 6d 61 69 6e | 0d 0a 63 68 61 72 67 65 |the main|..charge|
|00002e70| 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 | 68 65 20 31 36 20 70 72 |s that t|he 16 pr|
|00002e80| 69 73 6f 6e 65 72 73 20 | 68 61 64 20 63 6f 6e 74 |isoners |had cont|
|00002e90| 72 69 76 65 64 20 61 6d | 6f 6e 67 20 74 68 65 6d |rived am|ong them|
|00002ea0| 73 65 6c 76 65 73 20 61 | 74 0d 0a 6c 65 61 73 74 |selves a|t..least|
|00002eb0| 20 66 6f 75 72 20 73 65 | 70 61 72 61 74 65 20 70 | four se|parate p|
|00002ec0| 6c 6f 74 73 20 74 6f 20 | 6b 69 6c 6c 20 4a 6f 73 |lots to |kill Jos|
|00002ed0| 65 70 68 20 53 74 61 6c | 69 6e 2c 20 53 65 63 72 |eph Stal|in, Secr|
|00002ee0| 65 74 61 72 79 0d 0a 47 | 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 20 6f |etary..G|eneral o|
|00002ef0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 43 6f | 6d 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 20 |f the Co|mmunist |
|00002f00| 50 61 72 74 79 20 61 6e | 64 20 61 73 20 73 75 63 |Party an|d as suc|
|00002f10| 68 20 44 69 63 74 61 74 | 6f 72 20 6f 66 20 52 75 |h Dictat|or of Ru|
|00002f20| 73 73 69 61 2e 0d 0a 49 | 74 20 77 61 73 20 61 6e |ssia...I|t was an|
|00002f30| 6e 6f 75 6e 63 65 64 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 |nounced |that the|
|00002f40| 20 70 72 69 73 6f 6e 65 | 72 73 20 68 61 64 20 61 | prisone|rs had a|
|00002f50| 6c 6c 20 63 68 6f 73 65 | 6e 20 6e 6f 74 20 74 6f |ll chose|n not to|
|00002f60| 20 62 65 0d 0a 64 65 66 | 65 6e 64 65 64 20 62 79 | be..def|ended by|
|00002f70| 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 | 6c 61 77 79 65 72 73 20 | Soviet |lawyers |
|00002f80| 62 75 74 20 74 6f 20 64 | 65 66 65 6e 64 20 74 68 |but to d|efend th|
|00002f90| 65 6d 73 65 6c 76 65 73 | 2e 20 4f 6e 65 20 62 79 |emselves|. One by|
|00002fa0| 20 6f 6e 65 0d 0a 65 61 | 63 68 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | one..ea|ch of th|
|00002fb0| 65 20 31 36 20 70 6f 70 | 70 65 64 20 75 70 20 69 |e 16 pop|ped up i|
|00002fc0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 62 6f | 78 20 61 6e 64 20 63 72 |n the bo|x and cr|
|00002fd0| 69 65 64 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 22 49 20 61 64 6d |ied:....| "I adm|
|00002fe0| 69 74 20 74 68 65 20 63 | 68 61 72 67 65 20 61 67 |it the c|harge ag|
|00002ff0| 61 69 6e 73 74 20 6d 79 | 73 65 6c 66 2e 22 0d 0a |ainst my|self."..|
|00003000| 0d 0a 20 20 41 73 6b 65 | 64 20 50 72 6f 73 65 63 |.. Aske|d Prosec|
|00003010| 75 74 6f 72 20 56 69 73 | 68 69 6e 73 6b 79 3a 20 |utor Vis|hinsky: |
|00003020| 22 44 69 64 20 79 6f 75 | 2c 20 5a 69 6e 6f 76 69 |"Did you|, Zinovi|
|00003030| 65 76 2c 20 6f 72 67 61 | 6e 69 7a 65 20 74 68 65 |ev, orga|nize the|
|00003040| 0d 0a 54 65 72 72 6f 72 | 69 73 74 73 3f 22 0d 0a |..Terror|ists?"..|
|00003050| 0d 0a 20 20 22 59 65 73 | 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |.. "Yes|.".... |
|00003060| 22 44 69 64 20 79 6f 75 | 20 70 6c 6f 74 20 74 68 |"Did you| plot th|
|00003070| 65 20 64 65 61 74 68 20 | 6f 66 20 4b 69 72 6f 76 |e death |of Kirov|
|00003080| 3f 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 22 59 65 73 2e 22 0d 0a |?".... |"Yes."..|
|00003090| 0d 0a 20 20 22 44 69 64 | 20 79 6f 75 20 6f 72 67 |.. "Did| you org|
|000030a0| 61 6e 69 7a 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 6c 61 6e 20 74 |anize th|e plan t|
|000030b0| 6f 20 6b 69 6c 6c 20 53 | 74 61 6c 69 6e 3f 22 0d |o kill S|talin?".|
|000030c0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 59 65 | 73 2e 20 49 20 61 6d 20 |... "Ye|s. I am |
|000030d0| 67 75 69 6c 74 79 20 6f | 66 20 65 76 65 72 79 20 |guilty o|f every |
|000030e0| 63 68 61 72 67 65 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e |charge i|n the in|
|000030f0| 64 69 63 74 6d 65 6e 74 | 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |dictment|.".... |
|00003100| 41 20 66 65 77 20 6d 69 | 6e 75 74 65 73 20 6c 61 |A few mi|nutes la|
|00003110| 74 65 72 20 74 77 6f 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 70 72 |ter two |other pr|
|00003120| 69 73 6f 6e 65 72 73 20 | 62 65 63 61 6d 65 20 74 |isoners |became t|
|00003130| 61 6e 67 6c 65 64 20 69 | 6e 0d 0a 61 72 67 75 6d |angled i|n..argum|
|00003140| 65 6e 74 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 65 61 63 68 20 6f 74 |ent with| each ot|
|00003150| 68 65 72 20 61 73 20 62 | 6f 74 68 20 77 65 72 65 |her as b|oth were|
|00003160| 20 72 61 70 69 64 6c 79 | 20 63 6f 6e 66 65 73 73 | rapidly| confess|
|00003170| 69 6e 67 2e 20 41 0d 0a | 74 68 69 72 64 20 70 72 |ing. A..|third pr|
|00003180| 69 73 6f 6e 65 72 20 6e | 61 6d 65 64 20 42 61 6b |isoner n|amed Bak|
|00003190| 61 79 65 76 2c 20 61 20 | 62 65 61 72 64 65 64 20 |ayev, a |bearded |
|000031a0| 66 69 67 75 72 65 20 69 | 6e 20 61 20 6b 68 61 6b |figure i|n a khak|
|000031b0| 69 0d 0a 62 6c 6f 75 73 | 65 2c 20 61 72 6f 73 65 |i..blous|e, arose|
|000031c0| 20 61 6e 64 20 6c 6f 75 | 64 6c 79 20 69 6e 74 65 | and lou|dly inte|
|000031d0| 72 72 75 70 74 65 64 2c | 20 22 49 20 6b 6e 6f 77 |rrupted,| "I know|
|000031e0| 20 74 68 61 74 20 5a 69 | 6e 6f 76 69 65 76 0d 0a | that Zi|noviev..|
|000031f0| 6f 72 64 65 72 65 64 20 | 68 69 73 20 6f 77 6e 20 |ordered |his own |
|00003200| 73 65 63 72 65 74 61 72 | 79 20 74 6f 20 6b 69 6c |secretar|y to kil|
|00003210| 6c 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e | 21 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |l Stalin|!".... |
|00003220| 53 61 69 64 20 5a 69 6e | 6f 76 69 65 76 3a 20 22 |Said Zin|oviev: "|
|00003230| 49 20 61 63 6b 6e 6f 77 | 6c 65 64 67 65 20 74 68 |I acknow|ledge th|
|00003240| 61 74 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 22 54 68 65 20 73 |at."....| "The s|
|00003250| 65 63 72 65 74 61 72 79 | 2c 22 20 62 72 65 61 74 |ecretary|," breat|
|00003260| 68 6c 65 73 73 6c 79 20 | 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 |hlessly |continue|
|00003270| 64 20 42 61 6b 61 79 65 | 76 2c 20 22 69 6e 73 74 |d Bakaye|v, "inst|
|00003280| 65 61 64 20 6f 66 0d 0a | 6b 69 6c 6c 69 6e 67 20 |ead of..|killing |
|00003290| 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 6b | 69 6c 6c 65 64 20 68 69 |Stalin k|illed hi|
|000032a0| 6d 73 65 6c 66 21 22 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 57 69 74 |mself!".|... Wit|
|000032b0| 68 20 74 68 65 20 61 69 | 72 20 6f 66 20 61 20 70 |h the ai|r of a p|
|000032c0| 72 6f 66 65 73 73 6f 72 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |rofessor| address|
|000032d0| 69 6e 67 20 70 75 70 69 | 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 6e 6f |ing pupi|ls of no|
|000032e0| 6e 65 20 74 6f 6f 0d 0a | 67 72 65 61 74 20 69 6e |ne too..|great in|
|000032f0| 74 65 6c 6c 69 67 65 6e | 63 65 20 61 6e 64 20 73 |telligen|ce and s|
|00003300| 74 72 69 76 69 6e 67 20 | 74 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 |triving |to make |
|00003310| 65 76 65 72 79 74 68 69 | 6e 67 20 63 72 79 73 74 |everythi|ng cryst|
|00003320| 61 6c 0d 0a 63 6c 65 61 | 72 2e 20 50 72 69 73 6f |al..clea|r. Priso|
|00003330| 6e 65 72 20 4b 61 6d 65 | 6e 65 76 20 6d 61 64 65 |ner Kame|nev made|
|00003340| 20 68 69 73 20 63 6f 6e | 66 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 | his con|fession |
|00003350| 61 74 20 73 75 63 68 20 | 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 20 74 |at such |length t|
|00003360| 68 61 74 0d 0a 68 69 73 | 20 6c 65 63 74 75 72 65 |hat..his| lecture|
|00003370| 20 77 61 73 20 69 6e 74 | 65 72 72 75 70 74 65 64 | was int|errupted|
|00003380| 20 66 6f 75 72 20 74 69 | 6d 65 73 20 62 79 20 74 | four ti|mes by t|
|00003390| 68 65 20 63 68 61 6e 67 | 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 74 |he chang|ing of t|
|000033a0| 68 65 0d 0a 73 6f 6c 64 | 69 65 72 73 20 67 75 61 |he..sold|iers gua|
|000033b0| 72 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 72 69 73 6f 6e |rding th|e prison|
|000033c0| 65 72 73 27 20 62 6f 78 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 49 |ers' box|..... I|
|000033d0| 6e 20 63 61 73 65 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 61 63 61 64 |n case t|his acad|
|000033e0| 65 6d 69 63 20 70 72 65 | 73 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f |emic pre|sentatio|
|000033f0| 6e 20 69 6e 20 61 20 74 | 77 6f 2d 68 6f 75 72 20 |n in a t|wo-hour |
|00003400| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d | 0a 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 |address.|.should |
|00003410| 67 6f 20 6f 76 65 72 20 | 74 68 65 20 68 65 61 64 |go over |the head|
|00003420| 73 20 6f 66 20 6d 69 6c | 6c 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 |s of mil|lions of|
|00003430| 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 6e | 73 20 73 74 72 69 76 69 | Russian|s strivi|
|00003440| 6e 67 20 74 6f 0d 0a 63 | 6f 6d 70 72 65 68 65 6e |ng to..c|omprehen|
|00003450| 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 69 72 20 63 69 74 69 65 |d in the|ir citie|
|00003460| 73 2c 20 74 6f 77 6e 73 | 20 61 6e 64 20 76 69 6c |s, towns| and vil|
|00003470| 6c 61 67 65 73 2e 20 50 | 72 6f 73 65 63 75 74 6f |lages. P|rosecuto|
|00003480| 72 0d 0a 56 69 73 68 69 | 6e 73 6b 79 2c 20 73 68 |r..Vishi|nsky, sh|
|00003490| 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 6d 61 | 72 6b 65 64 20 64 65 66 |owing ma|rked def|
|000034a0| 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 74 | 6f 20 61 20 6f 6e 63 65 |erence t|o a once|
|000034b0| 20 67 72 65 61 74 20 50 | 61 72 74 79 20 66 69 67 | great P|arty fig|
|000034c0| 75 72 65 0d 0a 77 68 6f | 20 77 61 73 20 4c 65 6e |ure..who| was Len|
|000034d0| 69 6e 27 73 20 66 72 69 | 65 6e 64 20 61 6e 64 20 |in's fri|end and |
|000034e0| 69 73 20 54 72 6f 74 73 | 6b 79 27 73 20 62 72 6f |is Trots|ky's bro|
|000034f0| 74 68 65 72 2d 69 6e 2d | 6c 61 77 2c 0d 0a 69 6e |ther-in-|law,..in|
|00003500| 74 65 72 72 75 70 74 65 | 64 20 50 72 69 73 6f 6e |terrupte|d Prison|
|00003510| 65 72 20 4b 61 6d 65 6e | 65 76 20 77 69 74 68 20 |er Kamen|ev with |
|00003520| 74 68 65 20 73 69 6d 70 | 6c 65 20 71 75 65 73 74 |the simp|le quest|
|00003530| 69 6f 6e 3a 20 22 57 65 | 72 65 20 79 6f 75 0d 0a |ion: "We|re you..|
|00003540| 61 20 62 6c 6f 6f 64 2d | 74 68 69 72 73 74 79 20 |a blood-|thirsty |
|00003550| 65 6e 65 6d 79 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 47 6f 76 |enemy of| the Gov|
|00003560| 65 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 3f | 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 52 |ernment?|".... R|
|00003570| 65 70 6c 69 65 64 20 4b | 61 6d 65 6e 65 76 20 72 |eplied K|amenev r|
|00003580| 65 61 64 69 6c 79 3a 20 | 22 59 65 73 2c 20 49 20 |eadily: |"Yes, I |
|00003590| 77 61 73 2e 22 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 4b 61 6d 65 6e |was."...|. Kamen|
|000035a0| 65 76 20 61 6e 64 20 5a | 69 6e 6f 76 69 65 76 2c |ev and Z|inoviev,|
|000035b0| 20 61 6c 74 68 6f 75 67 | 68 20 63 6f 6e 66 65 73 | althoug|h confes|
|000035c0| 73 69 6e 67 20 62 79 20 | 74 68 65 20 79 61 72 64 |sing by |the yard|
|000035d0| 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 0d | 0a 67 72 65 61 74 65 73 | to the.|.greates|
|000035e0| 74 20 63 72 69 6d 65 73 | 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c |t crimes| possibl|
|000035f0| 65 20 69 6e 20 52 75 73 | 73 69 61 2c 20 73 70 6c |e in Rus|sia, spl|
|00003600| 69 74 20 68 61 69 72 73 | 20 61 6e 64 20 71 75 61 |it hairs| and qua|
|00003610| 72 72 65 6c 65 64 0d 0a | 76 69 6f 6c 65 6e 74 6c |rreled..|violentl|
|00003620| 79 20 62 65 66 6f 72 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 43 6f 75 |y before| the Cou|
|00003630| 72 74 20 6f 76 65 72 20 | 73 75 63 68 20 66 69 6e |rt over |such fin|
|00003640| 65 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 73 | 20 61 73 20 77 68 65 74 |e points| as whet|
|00003650| 68 65 72 0d 0a 4b 61 6d | 65 6e 65 76 20 68 61 64 |her..Kam|enev had|
|00003660| 20 22 6d 65 61 6e 74 22 | 20 74 6f 20 77 72 69 74 | "meant"| to writ|
|00003670| 65 20 61 6e 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 20 73 75 63 |e an art|icle suc|
|00003680| 68 20 61 73 20 5a 69 6e | 6f 76 69 65 76 0d 0a 61 |h as Zin|oviev..a|
|00003690| 63 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 | 77 72 6f 74 65 20 66 6f |ctually |wrote fo|
|000036a0| 72 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 | 20 6e 65 77 73 6f 72 67 |r Soviet| newsorg|
|000036b0| 61 6e 73 20 65 78 63 6f | 72 69 61 74 69 6e 67 20 |ans exco|riating |
|000036c0| 74 68 65 20 61 73 73 61 | 73 73 69 6e 73 0d 0a 66 |the assa|ssins..f|
|000036d0| 6f 72 20 4b 69 72 6f 76 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 |or Kirov|..... "|
|000036e0| 59 6f 75 20 64 69 64 20 | 6d 65 61 6e 20 74 6f 20 |You did |mean to |
|000036f0| 77 72 69 74 65 20 69 74 | 21 22 3a 20 63 72 69 65 |write it|!": crie|
|00003700| 64 20 5a 69 6e 6f 76 69 | 65 76 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |d Zinovi|ev..... |
|00003710| 20 53 6e 6f 72 74 65 64 | 20 4b 61 6d 65 6e 65 76 | Snorted| Kamenev|
|00003720| 3a 20 22 49 20 64 69 64 | 20 6e 6f 74 21 20 49 20 |: "I did| not! I |
|00003730| 68 61 64 20 6e 6f 20 69 | 6e 74 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e |had no i|ntention|
|00003740| 20 6f 66 20 77 72 69 74 | 69 6e 67 20 61 6e 0d 0a | of writ|ing an..|
|00003750| 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 2e | 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 4a |article.|".... J|
|00003760| 75 64 67 65 20 55 6c 72 | 69 63 68 2c 20 77 68 6f |udge Ulr|ich, who|
|00003770| 20 68 61 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 72 65 70 75 74 61 74 | has the| reputat|
|00003780| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 68 | 61 76 69 6e 67 20 68 61 |ion of h|aving ha|
|00003790| 6e 64 65 64 20 6f 75 74 | 0d 0a 6d 6f 72 65 20 44 |nded out|..more D|
|000037a0| 65 61 74 68 20 73 65 6e | 74 65 6e 63 65 73 20 74 |eath sen|tences t|
|000037b0| 68 61 6e 20 61 6e 79 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6a 75 |han any |other ju|
|000037c0| 72 69 73 74 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6c |rist in |the worl|
|000037d0| 64 2c 20 6c 65 66 74 0d | 0a 74 68 65 20 63 6f 75 |d, left.|.the cou|
|000037e0| 72 74 20 74 6f 20 63 6f | 67 69 74 61 74 65 20 77 |rt to co|gitate w|
|000037f0| 69 74 68 20 68 69 73 20 | 74 68 72 65 65 20 61 73 |ith his |three as|
|00003800| 73 69 73 74 61 6e 74 20 | 6a 75 64 67 65 73 20 66 |sistant |judges f|
|00003810| 6f 72 20 73 65 76 65 6e | 0d 0a 68 6f 75 72 73 2c |or seven|..hours,|
|00003820| 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 64 65 6c | returne|d to del|
|00003830| 69 76 65 72 20 74 68 65 | 20 76 65 72 64 69 63 74 |iver the| verdict|
|00003840| 3a 20 61 6c 6c 20 31 36 | 20 70 72 69 73 6f 6e 65 |: all 16| prisone|
|00003850| 72 73 20 77 65 72 65 0d | 0a 74 6f 20 62 65 20 73 |rs were.|.to be s|
|00003860| 68 6f 74 20 22 77 69 74 | 68 69 6e 20 37 32 20 68 |hot "wit|hin 72 h|
|00003870| 6f 75 72 73 2c 22 20 73 | 75 62 6a 65 63 74 20 74 |ours," s|ubject t|
|00003880| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 | 6d 6f 74 65 20 70 6f 73 |o the re|mote pos|
|00003890| 73 69 62 69 6c 69 74 79 | 0d 0a 6f 66 20 61 6e 20 |sibility|..of an |
|000038a0| 6f 76 65 72 72 69 64 69 | 6e 67 20 64 65 63 72 65 |overridi|ng decre|
|000038b0| 65 20 6f 66 20 63 6c 65 | 6d 65 6e 63 79 20 62 79 |e of cle|mency by|
|000038c0| 20 74 68 65 20 43 65 6e | 74 72 61 6c 20 45 78 65 | the Cen|tral Exe|
|000038d0| 63 75 74 69 76 65 0d 0a | 43 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 65 |cutive..|Committe|
|000038e0| 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 |e of the| Soviet |
|000038f0| 55 6e 69 6f 6e 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 46 65 62 |Union...|....(Feb|
|00003900| 72 75 61 72 79 20 31 2c | 20 31 39 33 37 29 0d 0a |ruary 1,| 1937)..|
|00003910| 0d 0a 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 66 69 72 73 74 20 71 75 |.. The |first qu|
|00003920| 6f 74 69 6e 67 20 69 6e | 74 65 72 76 69 65 77 20 |oting in|terview |
|00003930| 65 76 65 72 20 67 69 76 | 65 6e 20 62 79 20 4a 2e |ever giv|en by J.|
|00003940| 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 | 74 6f 20 61 0d 0a 66 6f | Stalin |to a..fo|
|00003950| 72 65 69 67 6e 20 6a 6f | 75 72 6e 61 6c 69 73 74 |reign jo|urnalist|
|00003960| 20 77 61 73 20 6f 62 74 | 61 69 6e 65 64 20 62 79 | was obt|ained by|
|00003970| 20 45 75 67 65 6e 65 20 | 4c 79 6f 6e 73 2c 20 6d | Eugene |Lyons, m|
|00003980| 61 6e 61 67 65 72 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 55 |anager o|f the..U|
|00003990| 6e 69 74 65 64 20 50 72 | 65 73 73 20 4d 6f 73 63 |nited Pr|ess Mosc|
|000039a0| 6f 77 20 42 75 72 65 61 | 75 20 66 6f 72 20 6d 61 |ow Burea|u for ma|
|000039b0| 6e 79 20 79 65 61 72 73 | 2e 20 4e 6f 77 20 72 65 |ny years|. Now re|
|000039c0| 73 69 64 65 6e 74 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 55 |sident i|n the..U|
|000039d0| 2e 53 2e 20 61 6e 64 20 | 77 72 69 74 69 6e 67 20 |.S. and |writing |
|000039e0| 77 69 64 65 6c 79 2e 20 | 4d 72 2e 20 4c 79 6f 6e |widely. |Mr. Lyon|
|000039f0| 73 20 74 75 72 6e 65 64 | 20 6f 75 74 20 69 6e 20 |s turned| out in |
|00003a00| 74 68 65 20 4a 61 6e 75 | 61 72 79 0d 0a 41 6d 65 |the Janu|ary..Ame|
|00003a10| 72 69 63 61 6e 20 4d 65 | 72 63 75 72 79 20 61 20 |rican Me|rcury a |
|00003a20| 64 69 73 70 61 73 73 69 | 6f 6e 61 74 65 2c 20 64 |dispassi|onate, d|
|00003a30| 65 74 61 69 6c 65 64 20 | 73 69 78 2d 70 6f 69 6e |etailed |six-poin|
|00003a40| 74 20 61 6e 61 6c 79 73 | 69 73 0d 0a 6f 66 20 68 |t analys|is..of h|
|00003a50| 6f 77 20 69 74 20 68 61 | 70 70 65 6e 73 20 74 68 |ow it ha|ppens th|
|00003a60| 61 74 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 |at in th|e Soviet|
|00003a70| 20 55 6e 69 6f 6e 20 74 | 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 | Union t|here is |
|00003a80| 73 6f 20 6d 75 63 68 0d | 0a 61 62 6a 65 63 74 20 |so much.|.abject |
|00003a90| 63 6f 6e 66 65 73 73 69 | 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 77 68 |confessi|ng of wh|
|00003aa0| 61 74 65 76 65 72 20 69 | 74 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 |atever i|t would |
|00003ab0| 64 6f 20 74 68 65 20 44 | 69 63 74 61 74 6f 72 20 |do the D|ictator |
|00003ac0| 67 6f 6f 64 20 74 6f 0d | 0a 68 61 76 65 20 63 6f |good to.|.have co|
|00003ad0| 6e 66 65 73 73 65 64 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 4d 72 |nfessed.|.... Mr|
|00003ae0| 2e 20 4c 79 6f 6e 73 2c | 20 76 65 74 65 72 61 6e |. Lyons,| veteran|
|00003af0| 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 6e 75 | 6d 65 72 61 62 6c 65 20 | of innu|merable |
|00003b00| 4d 6f 73 63 6f 77 20 74 | 72 69 61 6c 73 2c 20 73 |Moscow t|rials, s|
|00003b10| 61 79 73 20 69 6e 20 73 | 75 6d 0d 0a 74 68 61 74 |ays in s|um..that|
|00003b20| 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 | 70 72 69 73 6f 6e 65 72 | Soviet |prisoner|
|00003b30| 73 20 77 68 6f 20 64 6f | 20 6e 6f 74 20 73 75 63 |s who do| not suc|
|00003b40| 63 65 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 63 6f 6e 76 69 6e 63 69 |ceed in |convinci|
|00003b50| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 0d 0a | 68 65 6e 63 68 6d 65 6e |ng the..|henchmen|
|00003b60| 20 6f 66 20 4a 75 73 74 | 69 63 65 20 74 68 61 74 | of Just|ice that|
|00003b70| 20 74 68 65 79 20 63 61 | 6e 20 62 65 20 64 65 70 | they ca|n be dep|
|00003b80| 65 6e 64 65 64 20 6f 6e | 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e 66 |ended on| to conf|
|00003b90| 65 73 73 0d 0a 66 61 69 | 72 6c 79 20 63 6f 6e 76 |ess..fai|rly conv|
|00003ba0| 69 6e 63 69 6e 67 6c 79 | 20 69 6e 20 6f 70 65 6e |incingly| in open|
|00003bb0| 20 63 6f 75 72 74 20 61 | 72 65 20 6e 65 76 65 72 | court a|re never|
|00003bc0| 20 62 72 6f 75 67 68 74 | 20 74 6f 20 74 72 69 61 | brought| to tria|
|00003bd0| 6c 20 61 74 0d 0a 61 6c | 6c 2c 20 6a 75 73 74 20 |l at..al|l, just |
|00003be0| 74 61 6b 65 6e 20 64 6f | 77 6e 73 74 61 69 72 73 |taken do|wnstairs|
|00003bf0| 20 61 6e 64 20 73 68 6f | 74 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | and sho|t..... |
|00003c00| 4a 75 73 74 69 63 65 20 | 74 6f 64 61 79 2c 20 69 |Justice |today, i|
|00003c10| 6e 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 | 6e 20 63 61 73 65 73 20 |n Russia|n cases |
|00003c20| 6f 66 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 | 74 61 6e 63 65 2c 20 61 |of impor|tance, a|
|00003c30| 63 63 6f 72 64 69 6e 67 | 20 74 6f 0d 0a 4d 72 2e |ccording| to..Mr.|
|00003c40| 20 4c 79 6f 6e 73 2c 20 | 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f 74 | Lyons, |does not|
|00003c50| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 67 72 65 61 74 20 6d 61 | in the |great ma|
|00003c60| 6a 6f 72 69 74 79 20 6f | 66 20 63 61 73 65 73 20 |jority o|f cases |
|00003c70| 65 76 65 72 20 72 65 61 | 63 68 0d 0a 61 20 63 6f |ever rea|ch..a co|
|00003c80| 75 72 74 72 6f 6f 6d 2e | 20 53 63 6f 72 65 73 2c |urtroom.| Scores,|
|00003c90| 20 65 76 65 6e 20 68 75 | 6e 64 72 65 64 73 20 6f | even hu|ndreds o|
|00003ca0| 66 20 52 75 73 73 69 61 | 6e 73 20 61 72 65 20 71 |f Russia|ns are q|
|00003cb0| 75 69 65 74 6c 79 0d 0a | 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 64 |uietly..|executed|
|00003cc0| 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 53 6f 76 69 65 | after t|he Sovie|
|00003cd0| 74 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 65 | 20 68 61 76 65 20 73 61 |t police| have sa|
|00003ce0| 74 69 73 66 69 65 64 20 | 74 68 65 6d 73 65 6c 76 |tisfied |themselv|
|00003cf0| 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 0d | 0a 44 65 61 74 68 20 69 |es that.|.Death i|
|00003d00| 73 20 72 65 71 75 69 72 | 65 64 2e 20 49 6e 20 70 |s requir|ed. In p|
|00003d10| 65 72 68 61 70 73 20 31 | 25 20 6f 66 20 63 61 73 |erhaps 1|% of cas|
|00003d20| 65 73 20 69 6e 76 6f 6c | 76 69 6e 67 20 63 72 69 |es invol|ving cri|
|00003d30| 6d 65 73 20 66 6f 72 0d | 0a 77 68 69 63 68 20 44 |mes for.|.which D|
|00003d40| 65 61 74 68 20 69 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 70 65 6e 61 |eath is |the pena|
|00003d50| 6c 74 79 2c 20 73 6f 75 | 6e 64 20 52 65 64 20 70 |lty, sou|nd Red p|
|00003d60| 72 6f 70 61 67 61 6e 64 | 61 20 6d 61 6b 65 73 20 |ropagand|a makes |
|00003d70| 61 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 | 0d 0a 74 72 69 61 6c 20 |a public|..trial |
|00003d80| 61 64 76 69 73 61 62 6c | 65 2e 20 57 72 69 74 65 |advisabl|e. Write|
|00003d90| 73 20 45 75 67 65 6e 65 | 20 4c 79 6f 6e 73 3a 20 |s Eugene| Lyons: |
|00003da0| 22 54 68 65 20 70 72 69 | 73 6f 6e 65 72 73 20 62 |"The pri|soners b|
|00003db0| 72 6f 75 67 68 74 20 74 | 6f 0d 0a 74 72 69 61 6c |rought t|o..trial|
|00003dc0| 20 61 72 65 20 61 6c 77 | 61 79 73 20 61 20 68 61 | are alw|ays a ha|
|00003dd0| 6e 64 66 75 6c 20 63 61 | 72 65 66 75 6c 6c 79 20 |ndful ca|refully |
|00003de0| 73 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 |selected| from a |
|00003df0| 6c 61 72 67 65 72 0d 0a | 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 61 |larger..|number a|
|00003e00| 72 72 65 73 74 65 64 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 |rrested |on the s|
|00003e10| 61 6d 65 20 63 68 61 72 | 67 65 2e 2e 2e 68 61 6e |ame char|ge...han|
|00003e20| 64 2d 20 70 69 63 6b 65 | 64 20 73 70 65 63 69 6d |d- picke|d specim|
|00003e30| 65 6e 73 0d 0a 70 61 69 | 6e 73 74 61 6b 69 6e 67 |ens..pai|nstaking|
|00003e40| 6c 79 20 73 6f 72 74 65 | 64 20 6f 75 74 2e 22 20 |ly sorte|d out." |
|00003e50| 41 66 74 65 72 20 53 6f | 76 69 65 74 20 6e 65 77 |After So|viet new|
|00003e60| 73 6f 72 67 61 6e 73 20 | 68 61 76 65 0d 0a 61 6e |sorgans |have..an|
|00003e70| 6e 6f 75 6e 63 65 64 20 | 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 66 |nounced |the conf|
|00003e80| 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 2c | 20 63 6f 6e 76 69 63 74 |essions,| convict|
|00003e90| 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 6e 64 | 20 65 78 65 63 75 74 69 |ions and| executi|
|00003ea0| 6f 6e 73 2c 20 22 61 0d | 0a 63 6f 6e 64 65 6d 6e |ons, "a.|.condemn|
|00003eb0| 65 64 20 6d 61 6e 20 77 | 68 6f 73 65 20 65 78 65 |ed man w|hose exe|
|00003ec0| 63 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 | 61 73 20 61 6e 6e 6f 75 |cution w|as annou|
|00003ed0| 6e 63 65 64 20 6d 61 79 | 20 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 62 |nced may| still b|
|00003ee0| 65 20 61 6c 69 76 65 2c | 0d 0a 61 73 20 61 20 72 |e alive,|..as a r|
|00003ef0| 65 73 75 6c 74 20 6f 66 | 20 61 20 62 61 72 67 61 |esult of| a barga|
|00003f00| 69 6e 20 6f 72 20 66 6f | 72 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f |in or fo|r some o|
|00003f10| 74 68 65 72 20 72 65 61 | 73 6f 6e 2e 2e 2e 54 68 |ther rea|son...Th|
|00003f20| 65 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 | 0d 0a 53 74 61 74 65 20 |e Soviet|..State |
|00003f30| 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 64 65 6c 69 76 65 72 |does not| deliver|
|00003f40| 20 75 70 20 74 68 65 20 | 62 6f 64 69 65 73 20 6f | up the |bodies o|
|00003f50| 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 | 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 77 6f |f the me|n and wo|
|00003f60| 6d 65 6e 20 69 74 0d 0a | 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 73 |men it..|executes|
|00003f70| 2e 2e 2e 54 68 65 72 65 | 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 |...There| is not |
|00003f80| 65 76 65 6e 20 68 61 62 | 65 61 73 20 63 61 64 61 |even hab|eas cada|
|00003f90| 76 65 72 20 61 6e 64 20 | 6f 66 20 63 6f 75 72 73 |ver and |of cours|
|00003fa0| 65 20 6e 6f 0d 0a 68 61 | 62 65 61 73 20 63 6f 72 |e no..ha|beas cor|
|00003fb0| 70 75 73 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 53 6f 76 69 65 |pus in t|he Sovie|
|00003fc0| 74 20 55 6e 69 6f 6e 2e | 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 49 |t Union.|".... I|
|00003fd0| 6e 20 61 20 64 69 73 70 | 61 74 63 68 20 66 72 6f |n a disp|atch fro|
|00003fe0| 6d 20 4d 6f 73 63 6f 77 | 20 6e 6f 74 20 6c 6f 6e |m Moscow| not lon|
|00003ff0| 67 20 61 67 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 72 75 6d 6f 72 20 |g ago th|e rumor |
|00004000| 74 68 61 74 20 53 6f 76 | 69 65 74 0d 0a 73 63 69 |that Sov|iet..sci|
|00004010| 65 6e 74 69 73 74 73 20 | 68 61 64 20 69 6e 76 65 |entists |had inve|
|00004020| 6e 74 65 64 20 61 20 67 | 61 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 |nted a g|as with |
|00004030| 74 68 65 20 73 70 65 63 | 69 61 6c 20 70 72 6f 70 |the spec|ial prop|
|00004040| 65 72 74 79 20 6f 66 0d | 0a 64 65 72 61 6e 67 69 |erty of.|.derangi|
|00004050| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 6d | 65 6e 74 61 6c 69 74 79 |ng the m|entality|
|00004060| 20 6f 66 20 61 20 70 72 | 69 73 6f 6e 65 72 20 73 | of a pr|isoner s|
|00004070| 6f 20 61 73 20 74 6f 20 | 6d 61 6b 65 20 68 69 6d |o as to |make him|
|00004080| 20 73 70 65 61 6b 0d 0a | 61 6e 64 20 62 65 68 61 | speak..|and beha|
|00004090| 76 65 20 66 6f 72 20 73 | 6f 6d 65 20 68 6f 75 72 |ve for s|ome hour|
|000040a0| 73 20 61 66 74 65 72 77 | 61 72 64 20 61 73 20 68 |s afterw|ard as h|
|000040b0| 79 70 6e 6f 74 69 63 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 72 65 71 75 |ypnotica|lly requ|
|000040c0| 69 72 65 64 20 62 79 0d | 0a 4a 75 73 74 69 63 65 |ired by.|.Justice|
|000040d0| 2c 20 77 61 73 20 63 61 | 75 74 69 6f 75 73 6c 79 |, was ca|utiously|
|000040e0| 20 6d 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e | 65 64 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | mention|ed, the |
|000040f0| 77 72 69 74 65 72 20 73 | 74 69 6c 6c 20 65 6d 70 |writer s|till emp|
|00004100| 6c 6f 79 65 64 20 69 6e | 0d 0a 4d 6f 73 63 6f 77 |loyed in|..Moscow|
|00004110| 2e 20 57 69 74 68 6f 75 | 74 20 72 65 73 6f 72 74 |. Withou|t resort|
|00004120| 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 68 79 70 6f 74 |ing to t|he hypot|
|00004130| 68 65 73 69 73 20 6f 66 | 20 73 75 63 68 20 22 63 |hesis of| such "c|
|00004140| 6f 6e 66 65 73 73 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 67 61 73 2c 22 |onfessio|n..gas,"|
|00004150| 20 4d 72 2e 20 4c 79 6f | 6e 73 20 6d 65 6e 74 69 | Mr. Lyo|ns menti|
|00004160| 6f 6e 73 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 75 73 65 |ons that| the use|
|00004170| 20 6f 66 20 68 6f 73 74 | 61 67 65 73 20 28 77 69 | of host|ages (wi|
|00004180| 76 65 73 2c 0d 0a 63 68 | 69 6c 64 72 65 6e 20 6f |ves,..ch|ildren o|
|00004190| 72 20 6f 74 68 65 72 73 | 20 64 65 61 72 20 74 6f |r others| dear to|
|000041a0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 69 | 73 6f 6e 65 72 73 29 20 | the pri|soners) |
|000041b0| 69 73 20 61 6e 20 6f 6c | 64 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 |is an ol|d Soviet|
|000041c0| 0d 0a 63 75 73 74 6f 6d | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 6f |..custom|, and mo|
|000041d0| 72 65 6f 76 65 72 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 69 6e 20 4d |reover t|hat in M|
|000041e0| 6f 73 63 6f 77 20 74 68 | 65 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 |oscow th|e author|
|000041f0| 69 74 69 65 73 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 6e 6f 77 20 68 |ities ha|ve now h|
|00004200| 61 64 0d 0a 32 30 20 66 | 75 6c 6c 20 79 65 61 72 |ad..20 f|ull year|
|00004210| 73 20 69 6e 20 77 68 69 | 63 68 20 74 6f 20 70 65 |s in whi|ch to pe|
|00004220| 72 66 65 63 74 20 74 68 | 65 69 72 20 22 74 68 69 |rfect th|eir "thi|
|00004230| 72 64 20 64 65 67 72 65 | 65 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 |rd degre|e method|
|00004240| 73 2c 0d 0a 66 61 6d 69 | 6c 69 61 72 20 65 6e 6f |s,..fami|liar eno|
|00004250| 75 67 68 20 69 6e 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 |ugh in a|ll polic|
|00004260| 65 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d | 73 22 20 74 6f 20 22 61 |e system|s" to "a|
|00004270| 6e 20 65 78 74 72 65 6d | 65 20 6f 66 0d 0a 72 65 |n extrem|e of..re|
|00004280| 66 69 6e 65 64 20 63 72 | 75 65 6c 74 79 2e 2e 2e |fined cr|uelty...|
|00004290| 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 22 | 54 68 65 72 65 20 68 61 |".... "|There ha|
|000042a0| 76 65 20 62 65 65 6e 20 | 69 6e 73 74 61 6e 63 65 |ve been |instance|
|000042b0| 73 20 77 68 65 6e 2e 2e | 2e 74 68 65 20 76 69 63 |s when..|.the vic|
|000042c0| 74 69 6d 27 73 20 63 68 | 69 6c 64 72 65 6e 20 77 |tim's ch|ildren w|
|000042d0| 65 72 65 0d 0a 74 6f 72 | 74 75 72 65 64 20 62 65 |ere..tor|tured be|
|000042e0| 66 6f 72 65 20 68 69 73 | 20 65 79 65 73 20 2d 2d |fore his| eyes --|
|000042f0| 20 61 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 | 74 65 72 72 69 62 6c 65 | a more |terrible|
|00004300| 20 6f 72 64 65 61 6c 20 | 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 0d | ordeal |for the.|
|00004310| 0a 66 61 74 68 65 72 20 | 74 68 61 6e 20 61 6e 79 |.father |than any|
|00004320| 20 74 68 61 74 20 63 6f | 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 69 | that co|uld be i|
|00004330| 6e 66 6c 69 63 74 65 64 | 20 6f 6e 20 68 69 73 20 |nflicted| on his |
|00004340| 6f 77 6e 20 62 6f 64 79 | 2e 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a |own body|."......|
|00004350| 20 20 5b 41 72 72 65 73 | 74 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | [Arres|ts and t|
|00004360| 72 69 61 6c 73 20 66 6f | 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 77 |rials fo|llowed w|
|00004370| 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 65 | 6e 64 2c 20 73 6f 6d 65 |ithout e|nd, some|
|00004380| 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 2c | 20 6d 6f 73 74 0d 0a 73 | public,| most..s|
|00004390| 65 63 72 65 74 2e 20 4d | 6f 72 65 20 74 68 61 6e |ecret. M|ore than|
|000043a0| 20 35 2c 30 30 30 20 70 | 61 72 74 79 20 6d 65 6d | 5,000 p|arty mem|
|000043b0| 62 65 72 73 20 61 6c 72 | 65 61 64 79 20 61 72 72 |bers alr|eady arr|
|000043c0| 65 73 74 65 64 20 77 65 | 72 65 0d 0a 65 78 65 63 |ested we|re..exec|
|000043d0| 75 74 65 64 20 61 66 74 | 65 72 20 5a 69 6e 6f 76 |uted aft|er Zinov|
|000043e0| 69 65 76 20 61 6e 64 20 | 4b 61 6d 65 6e 65 76 2e |iev and |Kamenev.|
|000043f0| 20 54 68 65 20 73 65 63 | 72 65 74 20 70 6f 6c 69 | The sec|ret poli|
|00004400| 63 65 0d 0a 74 68 65 6d | 73 65 6c 76 65 73 20 77 |ce..them|selves w|
|00004410| 65 72 65 20 74 68 6f 72 | 6f 75 67 68 6c 79 20 70 |ere thor|oughly p|
|00004420| 75 72 67 65 64 2e 20 54 | 68 65 6e 20 53 74 61 6c |urged. T|hen Stal|
|00004430| 69 6e 20 74 75 72 6e 65 | 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 |in turne|d on the|
|00004440| 20 52 65 64 0d 0a 41 72 | 6d 79 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | Red..Ar|my. The |
|00004450| 77 69 64 65 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 63 69 72 63 6c 65 20 |widening| circle |
|00004460| 6f 66 20 74 65 72 72 6f | 72 20 73 70 72 65 61 64 |of terro|r spread|
|00004470| 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 76 69 6e 63 65 | to the |province|
|00004480| 73 20 61 6e 64 0d 0a 62 | 65 79 6f 6e 64 20 74 68 |s and..b|eyond th|
|00004490| 65 6d 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 64 69 70 6c 6f 6d |em to th|e diplom|
|000044a0| 61 74 69 63 20 63 6f 72 | 70 73 20 61 62 72 6f 61 |atic cor|ps abroa|
|000044b0| 64 2e 5d 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 | 41 70 72 69 6c 20 31 32 |d.]....(|April 12|
|000044c0| 2c 20 31 39 33 37 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 54 68 69 |, 1937).|... Thi|
|000044d0| 73 20 77 65 65 6b 20 69 | 6e 20 4d 6f 73 63 6f 77 |s week i|n Moscow|
|000044e0| 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 | 74 20 64 72 61 73 74 69 | the mos|t drasti|
|000044f0| 63 20 67 6f 76 65 72 6e | 6d 65 6e 74 20 73 68 61 |c govern|ment sha|
|00004500| 6b 65 75 70 20 6f 66 0d | 0a 76 69 63 65 2d 20 43 |keup of.|.vice- C|
|00004510| 6f 6d 6d 69 73 73 61 72 | 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 |ommissar|s and th|
|00004520| 65 20 6f 66 66 69 63 69 | 61 6c 20 62 75 72 65 61 |e offici|al burea|
|00004530| 75 63 72 61 63 79 20 65 | 76 65 72 20 6f 72 64 65 |ucracy e|ver orde|
|00004540| 72 65 64 20 62 79 0d 0a | 4a 2e 20 53 74 61 6c 69 |red by..|J. Stali|
|00004550| 6e 20 77 61 73 20 69 6e | 20 66 75 6c 6c 20 73 77 |n was in| full sw|
|00004560| 69 6e 67 2e 20 53 69 6d | 75 6c 74 61 6e 65 6f 75 |ing. Sim|ultaneou|
|00004570| 73 6c 79 20 63 61 6d 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 |sly came| the mos|
|00004580| 74 0d 0a 73 65 6e 73 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 64 |t..sensa|tional d|
|00004590| 65 6d 6f 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 52 75 73 73 69 |emotion |in Russi|
|000045a0| 61 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 6f 66 20 |a since |that of |
|000045b0| 54 72 6f 74 73 6b 79 20 | 65 69 67 68 74 20 79 65 |Trotsky |eight ye|
|000045c0| 61 72 73 0d 0a 61 67 6f | 3a 20 64 69 73 6d 69 73 |ars..ago|: dismis|
|000045d0| 73 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 20 43 61 62 |sed from| the Cab|
|000045e0| 69 6e 65 74 20 6f 66 20 | 43 6f 6d 6d 69 73 73 61 |inet of |Commissa|
|000045f0| 72 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 65 76 65 72 79 0d 0a 69 |rs with |every..i|
|00004600| 6e 64 69 63 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 74 68 61 74 20 68 |ndicatio|n that h|
|00004610| 65 20 69 73 20 74 6f 20 | 62 65 20 61 72 72 65 73 |e is to |be arres|
|00004620| 74 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 | 74 72 69 65 64 20 77 61 |ted and |tried wa|
|00004630| 73 20 65 6e 69 67 6d 61 | 74 69 63 0d 0a 47 65 6e |s enigma|tic..Gen|
|00004640| 72 69 6b 68 20 28 22 48 | 65 6e 72 79 22 29 20 47 |rikh ("H|enry") G|
|00004650| 72 69 67 6f 72 69 76 69 | 63 68 20 59 61 67 6f 64 |rigorivi|ch Yagod|
|00004660| 61 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 66 | 6f 72 20 74 65 6e 20 79 |a, who f|or ten y|
|00004670| 65 61 72 73 20 73 65 72 | 76 65 64 0d 0a 61 73 20 |ears ser|ved..as |
|00004680| 68 65 61 64 20 6f 66 20 | 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 27 73 |head of |Stalin's|
|00004690| 20 4f 67 70 75 2c 20 74 | 68 65 20 64 72 65 61 64 | Ogpu, t|he dread|
|000046a0| 20 73 65 63 72 65 74 20 | 70 6f 6c 69 63 65 2c 20 | secret |police, |
|000046b0| 61 6e 64 20 72 6f 73 65 | 20 74 6f 0d 0a 62 65 20 |and rose| to..be |
|000046c0| 43 6f 6d 6d 69 73 73 61 | 72 20 6f 66 20 49 6e 74 |Commissa|r of Int|
|000046d0| 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 41 66 | 66 61 69 72 73 2e 20 49 |ernal Af|fairs. I|
|000046e0| 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 63 | 6c 6f 73 65 20 63 6f 6c |f this c|lose col|
|000046f0| 6c 65 61 67 75 65 20 6f | 66 0d 0a 53 74 61 6c 69 |league o|f..Stali|
|00004700| 6e 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 77 | 20 74 6f 20 73 70 6f 75 |n is now| to spou|
|00004710| 74 20 63 6f 6e 66 65 73 | 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 69 6e |t confes|sions in|
|00004720| 20 63 6f 75 72 74 2c 20 | 74 68 65 20 44 69 63 74 | court, |the Dict|
|00004730| 61 74 6f 72 20 77 69 6c | 6c 0d 0a 68 61 76 65 20 |ator wil|l..have |
|00004740| 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 72 | 65 64 20 61 6e 20 61 64 |discover|ed an ad|
|00004750| 68 65 72 65 6e 74 20 6f | 66 20 22 54 72 6f 74 73 |herent o|f "Trots|
|00004760| 6b 79 69 73 6d 22 20 61 | 6d 6f 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |kyism" a|mong the|
|00004770| 20 74 77 6f 20 6f 72 0d | 0a 74 68 72 65 65 20 6d | two or.|.three m|
|00004780| 65 6e 20 68 65 20 6d 6f | 73 74 20 74 72 75 73 74 |en he mo|st trust|
|00004790| 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 41 6c 6c 20 4d 6f 73 |ed..... | All Mos|
|000047a0| 63 6f 77 20 73 69 67 6e | 73 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 |cow sign|s pointe|
|000047b0| 64 20 74 6f 20 52 75 73 | 73 69 61 20 63 6f 6e 74 |d to Rus|sia cont|
|000047c0| 61 69 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 | 6f 64 61 79 20 73 6f 20 |aining t|oday so |
|000047d0| 6d 61 6e 79 0d 0a 22 54 | 72 6f 74 73 6b 79 69 73 |many.."T|rotskyis|
|000047e0| 74 73 22 20 2d 2d 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 69 73 2c 20 |ts" -- t|hat is, |
|000047f0| 63 72 69 74 69 63 73 20 | 6f 66 20 53 74 61 6c 69 |critics |of Stali|
|00004800| 6e 20 2d 2d 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 74 68 65 20 44 69 |n -- tha|t the Di|
|00004810| 63 74 61 74 6f 72 0d 0a | 6d 75 73 74 20 6e 6f 77 |ctator..|must now|
|00004820| 20 28 69 6e 20 61 64 64 | 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f | (in add|ition to|
|00004830| 20 6d 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 70 6f 70 75 6c 61 72 20 | making |popular |
|00004840| 61 70 70 65 61 6c 73 29 | 20 61 74 74 65 6d 70 74 |appeals)| attempt|
|00004850| 20 77 69 74 68 69 6e 0d | 0a 74 68 65 20 43 6f 6d | within.|.the Com|
|00004860| 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 20 68 | 69 65 72 61 72 63 68 79 |munist h|ierarchy|
|00004870| 20 74 6f 20 77 69 6e 20 | 6f 76 65 72 20 62 79 20 | to win |over by |
|00004880| 63 61 6a 6f 6c 65 72 79 | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 72 |cajolery| and thr|
|00004890| 65 61 74 73 20 61 73 0d | 0a 6d 61 6e 79 20 22 54 |eats as.|.many "T|
|000048a0| 72 6f 74 73 6b 79 69 73 | 74 73 22 20 61 73 20 68 |rotskyis|ts" as h|
|000048b0| 65 20 63 61 6e 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 62 79 20 65 78 |e can, a|nd by ex|
|000048c0| 65 63 75 74 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 77 69 70 65 20 6f 75 |ecutions| wipe ou|
|000048d0| 74 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 72 | 65 73 74 2e 20 55 6e 63 |t the..r|est. Unc|
|000048e0| 65 72 74 61 69 6e 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 77 65 65 6b |ertain t|his week|
|000048f0| 20 61 73 20 74 6f 20 6a | 75 73 74 20 77 68 6f 20 | as to j|ust who |
|00004900| 61 72 65 20 66 72 69 65 | 6e 64 73 2c 20 77 68 6f |are frie|nds, who|
|00004910| 20 66 6f 65 73 2c 0d 0a | 68 61 72 61 73 73 65 64 | foes,..|harassed|
|00004920| 20 4a 2e 20 53 74 61 6c | 69 6e 20 6d 61 64 65 20 | J. Stal|in made |
|00004930| 74 77 6f 20 6f 70 70 6f | 73 69 74 65 20 6d 6f 76 |two oppo|site mov|
|00004940| 65 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d | 0a 28 4d 61 79 20 33 31 |es......|.(May 31|
|00004950| 2c 20 31 39 33 37 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 4f 72 64 |, 1937).|... Ord|
|00004960| 65 72 65 64 20 65 73 74 | 61 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 |ered est|ablished|
|00004970| 20 69 6e 20 61 6c 6c 20 | 6d 69 6c 69 74 61 72 79 | in all |military|
|00004980| 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 63 | 74 73 20 77 65 72 65 20 | distric|ts were |
|00004990| 77 61 72 0d 0a 63 6f 75 | 6e 63 69 6c 73 20 6f 66 |war..cou|ncils of|
|000049a0| 20 74 68 72 65 65 20 73 | 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 20 74 | three s|imilar t|
|000049b0| 6f 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 | 73 65 74 20 75 70 20 69 |o those |set up i|
|000049c0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e | 66 61 6e 63 79 20 6f 66 |n the in|fancy of|
|000049d0| 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 52 75 | 73 73 69 61 6e 20 52 65 | the..Ru|ssian Re|
|000049e0| 76 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e | 20 77 68 65 6e 20 61 20 |volution| when a |
|000049f0| 52 65 64 20 41 72 6d 79 | 20 77 61 73 20 62 65 69 |Red Army| was bei|
|00004a00| 6e 67 20 6c 69 63 6b 65 | 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 73 |ng licke|d into s|
|00004a10| 68 61 70 65 0d 0a 62 79 | 20 65 78 2d 54 73 61 72 |hape..by| ex-Tsar|
|00004a20| 69 73 74 20 6f 66 66 69 | 63 65 72 73 20 77 68 6f |ist offi|cers who|
|00004a30| 20 68 61 64 20 74 6f 20 | 62 65 20 77 61 74 63 68 | had to |be watch|
|00004a40| 65 64 20 63 6c 6f 73 65 | 6c 79 20 66 6f 72 20 73 |ed close|ly for s|
|00004a50| 69 67 6e 73 0d 0a 6f 66 | 20 74 72 65 61 63 68 65 |igns..of| treache|
|00004a60| 72 79 2e 20 53 74 61 6c | 69 6e 20 74 68 75 73 20 |ry. Stal|in thus |
|00004a70| 61 69 6d 65 64 20 6c 61 | 73 74 20 77 65 65 6b 20 |aimed la|st week |
|00004a80| 61 74 20 75 6e 63 6f 76 | 65 72 69 6e 67 0d 0a 69 |at uncov|ering..i|
|00004a90| 6e 63 69 70 69 65 6e 74 | 20 54 72 6f 74 73 6b 79 |ncipient| Trotsky|
|00004aa0| 69 73 6d 20 6f 72 20 6f | 74 68 65 72 20 68 65 72 |ism or o|ther her|
|00004ab0| 65 73 69 65 73 20 69 6e | 20 68 69 73 20 68 69 74 |esies in| his hit|
|00004ac0| 68 65 72 74 6f 20 70 6f | 74 65 6e 74 0d 0a 6d 69 |herto po|tent..mi|
|00004ad0| 6c 69 74 61 72 79 20 63 | 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 65 72 |litary c|ommander|
|00004ae0| 73 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 69 | 6e 20 66 75 74 75 72 65 |s, who i|n future|
|00004af0| 20 6d 75 73 74 20 67 65 | 74 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 | must ge|t their |
|00004b00| 6f 72 64 65 72 73 0d 0a | 63 6f 75 6e 74 65 72 73 |orders..|counters|
|00004b10| 69 67 6e 65 64 20 62 79 | 20 61 74 20 6c 65 61 73 |igned by| at leas|
|00004b20| 74 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f 74 | 68 65 72 20 63 6f 75 6e |t one ot|her coun|
|00004b30| 63 69 6c 20 6d 65 6d 62 | 65 72 20 28 70 72 6f 62 |cil memb|er (prob|
|00004b40| 61 62 6c 79 20 61 0d 0a | 63 69 76 69 6c 69 61 6e |ably a..|civilian|
|00004b50| 29 20 6d 61 69 6e 6c 79 | 20 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 |) mainly| interes|
|00004b60| 74 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 77 65 6c 66 61 |ted in t|he welfa|
|00004b70| 72 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 43 6f 6d 6d 75 6e |re of th|e Commun|
|00004b80| 69 73 74 0d 0a 50 61 72 | 74 79 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |ist..Par|ty..... |
|00004b90| 20 54 68 69 73 20 73 68 | 61 6b 65 75 70 20 66 6f | This sh|akeup fo|
|00004ba0| 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 64 65 6d 6f 74 |llowed t|he demot|
|00004bb0| 69 6f 6e 20 77 65 65 6b | 20 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 |ion week| before |
|00004bc0| 6f 66 20 4d 69 6b 68 61 | 69 6c 0d 0a 4e 69 6b 6f |of Mikha|il..Niko|
|00004bd0| 6c 61 69 76 69 63 68 20 | 54 75 6b 68 61 63 68 65 |laivich |Tukhache|
|00004be0| 76 73 6b 79 2c 20 79 6f | 75 6e 67 65 73 74 20 61 |vsky, yo|ungest a|
|00004bf0| 6e 64 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 | 62 72 69 6c 6c 69 61 6e |nd most |brillian|
|00004c00| 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 0d 0a 53 6f 76 69 65 74 |t of the|..Soviet|
|00004c10| 27 73 20 66 69 76 65 20 | 66 69 65 6c 64 20 6d 61 |'s five |field ma|
|00004c20| 72 73 68 61 6c 73 2e 20 | 46 6f 72 20 73 6f 6d 65 |rshals. |For some|
|00004c30| 20 72 65 61 73 6f 6e 20 | 6e 6f 74 20 6f 66 66 69 | reason |not offi|
|00004c40| 63 69 61 6c 6c 79 0d 0a | 65 78 70 6c 61 69 6e 65 |cially..|explaine|
|00004c50| 64 20 68 65 20 77 61 73 | 20 73 74 72 69 70 70 65 |d he was| strippe|
|00004c60| 64 20 6f 66 20 68 69 73 | 20 6f 66 66 69 63 65 20 |d of his| office |
|00004c70| 2d 2d 20 61 6e 64 20 73 | 69 64 65 74 72 61 63 6b |-- and s|idetrack|
|00004c80| 65 64 20 74 6f 0d 0a 61 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 72 61 |ed to..a| compara|
|00004c90| 74 69 76 65 6c 79 20 69 | 6e 73 69 67 6e 69 66 69 |tively i|nsignifi|
|00004ca0| 63 61 6e 74 20 56 6f 6c | 67 61 20 6d 69 6c 69 74 |cant Vol|ga milit|
|00004cb0| 61 72 79 20 64 69 73 74 | 72 69 63 74 20 69 6d 6d |ary dist|rict imm|
|00004cc0| 75 6e 65 0d 0a 66 72 6f | 6d 20 66 6f 72 65 69 67 |une..fro|m foreig|
|00004cd0| 6e 20 69 6e 76 61 73 69 | 6f 6e 2c 20 77 69 74 68 |n invasi|on, with|
|00004ce0| 20 68 65 61 64 71 75 61 | 72 74 65 72 73 20 61 74 | headqua|rters at|
|00004cf0| 20 4b 75 69 62 69 73 68 | 65 76 2e 20 41 6c 6c 20 | Kuibish|ev. All |
|00004d00| 74 68 61 74 0d 0a 52 75 | 73 73 69 61 6e 73 20 6b |that..Ru|ssians k|
|00004d10| 6e 65 77 20 77 61 73 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 68 65 20 |new was |that he |
|00004d20| 68 61 64 20 62 65 65 6e | 20 22 6d 65 6e 74 69 6f |had been| "mentio|
|00004d30| 6e 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 73 75 73 70 69 63 69 |ned with| suspici|
|00004d40| 6f 6e 22 0d 0a 62 79 20 | 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 73 |on"..by |the pros|
|00004d50| 65 63 75 74 69 6e 67 20 | 47 50 55 20 64 75 72 69 |ecuting |GPU duri|
|00004d60| 6e 67 20 6c 61 73 74 20 | 4a 61 6e 75 61 72 79 27 |ng last |January'|
|00004d70| 73 20 74 72 69 61 6c 20 | 6f 66 0d 0a 22 54 72 6f |s trial |of.."Tro|
|00004d80| 74 73 6b 79 69 74 65 73 | 2e 22 20 48 65 20 77 61 |tskyites|." He wa|
|00004d90| 73 20 65 6e 74 69 72 65 | 6c 79 20 61 62 73 6f 6c |s entire|ly absol|
|00004da0| 76 65 64 2c 20 62 75 74 | 20 69 74 20 77 61 73 20 |ved, but| it was |
|00004db0| 65 78 70 65 63 74 65 64 | 20 69 6e 0d 0a 4d 6f 73 |expected| in..Mos|
|00004dc0| 63 6f 77 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 22 73 6f 6d 65 74 68 |cow that| "someth|
|00004dd0| 69 6e 67 20 6d 69 67 68 | 74 20 68 61 70 70 65 6e |ing migh|t happen|
|00004de0| 20 74 6f 20 68 69 6d 3a | 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 | to him:| because|
|00004df0| 20 73 75 64 64 65 6e 0d | 0a 6d 69 73 66 6f 72 74 | sudden.|.misfort|
|00004e00| 75 6e 65 73 20 68 61 64 | 20 62 65 66 61 6c 6c 65 |unes had| befalle|
|00004e10| 6e 20 6f 74 68 65 72 73 | 20 73 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 |n others| similar|
|00004e20| 6c 79 20 22 6d 65 6e 74 | 69 6f 6e 65 64 2e 22 0d |ly "ment|ioned.".|
|00004e30| 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 4a 75 | 6e 65 20 32 31 2c 20 31 |.....(Ju|ne 21, 1|
|00004e40| 39 33 37 29 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 54 68 65 20 74 72 |937)....| The tr|
|00004e50| 69 61 6c 20 64 69 64 20 | 6e 6f 74 20 74 61 6b 65 |ial did |not take|
|00004e60| 20 6c 6f 6e 67 2e 20 54 | 68 65 20 64 65 66 65 6e | long. T|he defen|
|00004e70| 64 61 6e 74 73 2c 20 61 | 73 20 69 73 20 43 6f 6d |dants, a|s is Com|
|00004e80| 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 0d 0a | 63 75 73 74 6f 6d 2c 20 |munist..|custom, |
|00004e90| 6c 6f 75 64 6c 79 20 70 | 6c 65 61 64 65 64 20 67 |loudly p|leaded g|
|00004ea0| 75 69 6c 74 79 2e 20 4a | 75 64 67 65 20 55 6c 72 |uilty. J|udge Ulr|
|00004eb0| 69 63 68 20 67 61 76 65 | 20 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 |ich gave| out the|
|00004ec0| 0d 0a 76 65 72 64 69 63 | 74 3a 20 22 54 68 65 20 |..verdic|t: "The |
|00004ed0| 63 6f 75 72 74 20 68 61 | 64 20 65 73 74 61 62 6c |court ha|d establ|
|00004ee0| 69 73 68 65 64 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 64 |ished th|at the d|
|00004ef0| 65 66 65 6e 64 61 6e 74 | 73 20 77 65 72 65 0d 0a |efendant|s were..|
|00004f00| 65 6d 70 6c 6f 79 65 64 | 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 |employed| by the |
|00004f10| 6d 69 6c 69 74 61 72 79 | 20 73 65 63 72 65 74 20 |military| secret |
|00004f20| 73 65 72 76 69 63 65 20 | 6f 66 20 61 20 66 6f 72 |service |of a for|
|00004f30| 65 69 67 6e 20 67 6f 76 | 65 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 0d |eign gov|ernment.|
|00004f40| 0a 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 74 | 69 6e 67 20 61 6e 20 75 |.conduct|ing an u|
|00004f50| 6e 66 72 69 65 6e 64 6c | 79 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 79 |nfriendl|y policy|
|00004f60| 20 61 67 61 69 6e 73 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 53 6f 76 | against| the Sov|
|00004f70| 69 65 74 20 55 6e 69 6f | 6e 2e 0d 0a 54 68 65 79 |iet Unio|n...They|
|00004f80| 2e 2e 2e 70 65 72 6d 69 | 74 74 65 64 20 77 72 65 |...permi|tted wre|
|00004f90| 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 63 | 74 73 20 69 6e 74 65 6e |cking ac|ts inten|
|00004fa0| 64 65 64 20 74 6f 20 75 | 6e 64 65 72 6d 69 6e 65 |ded to u|ndermine|
|00004fb0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 6f 77 | 65 72 0d 0a 6f 66 20 74 | the pow|er..of t|
|00004fc0| 68 65 20 52 65 64 20 41 | 72 6d 79 20 61 6e 64 20 |he Red A|rmy and |
|00004fd0| 74 6f 20 70 72 65 70 61 | 72 65 20 66 6f 72 2e 2e |to prepa|re for..|
|00004fe0| 2e 74 68 65 20 64 65 66 | 65 61 74 20 6f 66 20 74 |.the def|eat of t|
|00004ff0| 68 65 20 52 65 64 20 41 | 72 6d 79 0d 0a 69 6e 20 |he Red A|rmy..in |
|00005000| 65 76 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 | 20 61 6e 20 61 74 74 61 |event of| an atta|
|00005010| 63 6b 20 61 67 61 69 6e | 73 74 20 69 74 2e 2e 2e |ck again|st it...|
|00005020| 22 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 50 | 72 6f 6d 70 74 6c 79 20 |".... P|romptly |
|00005030| 74 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 62 69 67 20 67 6f 6c |then the| big gol|
|00005040| 64 20 73 74 61 72 20 77 | 61 73 20 72 69 70 70 65 |d star w|as rippe|
|00005050| 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 | 68 65 20 63 61 70 20 6f |d from t|he cap o|
|00005060| 66 0d 0a 4d 61 72 73 68 | 61 6c 20 54 75 6b 68 61 |f..Marsh|al Tukha|
|00005070| 63 68 65 76 73 6b 79 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 75 |chevsky,| the fou|
|00005080| 72 20 72 65 64 20 70 69 | 70 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |r red pi|ps from |
|00005090| 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6c 6c | 61 72 73 20 6f 66 20 68 |the coll|ars of h|
|000050a0| 69 73 0d 0a 63 6f 6c 6c | 65 61 67 75 65 73 2c 20 |is..coll|eagues, |
|000050b0| 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c 20 | 65 69 67 68 74 20 6f 66 |and all |eight of|
|000050c0| 20 74 68 65 6d 20 66 65 | 6c 6c 20 64 65 61 64 20 | them fe|ll dead |
|000050d0| 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 63 72 69 64 |before t|he acrid|
|000050e0| 0d 0a 76 6f 6c 6c 65 79 | 73 20 6f 66 20 61 20 66 |..volley|s of a f|
|000050f0| 69 72 69 6e 67 20 73 71 | 75 61 64 2e 20 4f 66 66 |iring sq|uad. Off|
|00005100| 69 63 69 61 6c 20 50 72 | 61 76 64 61 20 77 72 6f |icial Pr|avda wro|
|00005110| 74 65 20 74 68 65 69 72 | 20 6f 62 69 74 75 61 72 |te their| obituar|
|00005120| 79 3a 0d 0a 22 44 6f 67 | 73 20 64 69 65 20 6c 69 |y:.."Dog|s die li|
|00005130| 6b 65 20 64 6f 67 73 2e | 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 69 |ke dogs.| There i|
|00005140| 73 20 6e 6f 20 70 6c 61 | 63 65 20 66 6f 72 20 73 |s no pla|ce for s|
|00005150| 75 63 68 20 6d 75 72 64 | 65 72 65 72 73 20 69 6e |uch murd|erers in|
|00005160| 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 53 6f | 76 69 65 74 20 73 63 68 | the..So|viet sch|
|00005170| 65 6d 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 69 6e 67 73 2e 22 0d |eme of t|hings.".|
|00005180| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 42 65 63 | 61 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 |... Bec|ause the|
|00005190| 20 42 6f 6c 73 68 65 76 | 69 6b 20 65 6e 74 68 75 | Bolshev|ik enthu|
|000051a0| 73 69 61 73 6d 20 6f 66 | 20 54 75 6b 68 61 63 68 |siasm of| Tukhach|
|000051b0| 65 76 73 6b 79 20 61 6e | 64 20 68 69 73 0d 0a 66 |evsky an|d his..f|
|000051c0| 65 6c 6c 6f 77 20 63 75 | 6c 70 72 69 74 73 20 77 |ellow cu|lprits w|
|000051d0| 61 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 71 | 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 65 |as not q|uestione|
|000051e0| 64 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 | 76 65 72 79 20 72 65 63 |d until |very rec|
|000051f0| 65 6e 74 6c 79 2c 74 68 | 65 0d 0a 6f 66 66 69 63 |ently,th|e..offic|
|00005200| 69 61 6c 20 63 68 61 72 | 67 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 |ial char|ge that |
|00005210| 74 68 65 79 20 68 61 64 | 20 73 6f 6c 64 20 6d 69 |they had| sold mi|
|00005220| 6c 69 74 61 72 79 20 73 | 65 63 72 65 74 73 20 77 |litary s|ecrets w|
|00005230| 61 73 20 6e 6f 74 0d 0a | 61 63 63 65 70 74 65 64 |as not..|accepted|
|00005240| 20 69 6e 20 61 6e 79 20 | 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 | in any |informed|
|00005250| 20 71 75 61 72 74 65 72 | 2e 20 54 77 6f 20 63 6f | quarter|. Two co|
|00005260| 6e 66 6c 69 63 74 69 6e | 67 20 65 78 70 6c 61 6e |nflictin|g explan|
|00005270| 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 0d 0a | 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 |ations..|for the |
|00005280| 65 78 65 63 75 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 73 65 65 6d 65 |executio|ns seeme|
|00005290| 64 20 65 71 75 61 6c 6c | 79 20 76 61 6c 69 64 3a |d equall|y valid:|
|000052a0| 20 74 68 61 74 20 53 74 | 61 6c 69 6e 20 68 61 64 | that St|alin had|
|000052b0| 0d 0a 75 6e 63 6f 76 65 | 72 65 64 20 61 20 70 6c |..uncove|red a pl|
|000052c0| 6f 74 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 68 69 67 68 20 63 |ot in th|e high c|
|000052d0| 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 52 65 |ommand o|f the Re|
|000052e0| 64 20 41 72 6d 79 20 74 | 6f 20 75 73 75 72 70 0d |d Army t|o usurp.|
|000052f0| 0a 68 69 73 20 6f 77 6e | 20 70 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 |.his own| politic|
|00005300| 61 6c 20 70 6f 77 65 72 | 3b 20 74 68 61 74 20 53 |al power|; that S|
|00005310| 74 61 6c 69 6e 2c 20 6e | 6f 77 20 74 75 72 6e 65 |talin, n|ow turne|
|00005320| 64 20 63 6f 6e 73 65 72 | 76 61 74 69 76 65 2c 0d |d conser|vative,.|
|00005330| 0a 69 73 20 73 79 73 74 | 65 6d 61 74 69 63 61 6c |.is syst|ematical|
|00005340| 6c 79 20 64 6f 69 6e 67 | 20 61 77 61 79 20 77 69 |ly doing| away wi|
|00005350| 74 68 20 61 6c 6c 20 6f | 6c 64 2d 6c 69 6e 65 20 |th all o|ld-line |
|00005360| 62 6f 6c 73 68 65 76 69 | 6b 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |bolshevi|ks..... |
|00005370| 20 54 68 65 20 52 65 64 | 20 41 72 6d 79 27 73 20 | The Red| Army's |
|00005380| 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 65 | 72 2c 20 4b 6c 69 6d 65 |commande|r, Klime|
|00005390| 6e 74 69 79 20 56 6f 72 | 6f 73 68 69 6c 6f 76 2c |ntiy Vor|oshilov,|
|000053a0| 20 69 73 20 73 74 69 6c | 6c 0d 0a 44 69 63 74 61 | is stil|l..Dicta|
|000053b0| 74 6f 72 20 53 74 61 6c | 69 6e 27 73 20 6d 6f 73 |tor Stal|in's mos|
|000053c0| 74 20 70 72 69 7a 65 64 | 20 61 64 76 69 73 65 72 |t prized| adviser|
|000053d0| 2e 20 49 6d 6d 65 64 69 | 61 74 65 6c 79 20 61 66 |. Immedi|ately af|
|000053e0| 74 65 72 20 74 68 65 0d | 0a 65 78 65 63 75 74 69 |ter the.|.executi|
|000053f0| 6f 6e 73 20 6c 61 73 74 | 20 77 65 65 6b 20 22 4b |ons last| week "K|
|00005400| 6c 69 6d 22 20 56 6f 72 | 6f 73 68 69 6c 6f 76 20 |lim" Vor|oshilov |
|00005410| 73 65 6e 74 20 61 20 6d | 65 73 73 61 67 65 20 74 |sent a m|essage t|
|00005420| 6f 20 61 6c 6c 20 52 65 | 64 0d 0a 41 72 6d 79 20 |o all Re|d..Army |
|00005430| 75 6e 69 74 73 3a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 22 54 75 6b |units:..|.. "Tuk|
|00005440| 68 61 63 68 65 76 73 6b | 79 20 61 6e 64 20 6f 74 |hachevsk|y and ot|
|00005450| 68 65 72 20 6c 61 63 6b | 65 79 73 20 6f 66 20 63 |her lack|eys of c|
|00005460| 61 70 69 74 61 6c 69 73 | 6d 20 68 61 76 65 20 62 |apitalis|m have b|
|00005470| 65 65 6e 0d 0a 61 62 6f | 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 66 |een..abo|lished f|
|00005480| 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 | 66 61 63 65 20 6f 66 20 |rom the |face of |
|00005490| 74 68 65 20 65 61 72 74 | 68 2c 20 74 68 65 69 72 |the eart|h, their|
|000054a0| 20 6d 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 | 74 6f 20 62 65 20 63 75 | memory |to be cu|
|000054b0| 72 73 65 64 0d 0a 61 6e | 64 20 66 6f 72 67 6f 74 |rsed..an|d forgot|
|000054c0| 74 65 6e 2e 22 0d 0a 0d | 0a 0d 0a 28 44 65 63 65 |ten."...|...(Dece|
|000054d0| 6d 62 65 72 20 31 33 2c | 20 31 39 33 37 29 0d 0a |mber 13,| 1937)..|
|000054e0| 0d 0a 20 20 53 75 6d 6d | 6f 6e 73 20 61 66 74 65 |.. Summ|ons afte|
|000054f0| 72 20 73 75 6d 6d 6f 6e | 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e |r summon|s contin|
|00005500| 75 65 64 20 6c 61 73 74 | 20 77 65 65 6b 20 74 6f |ued last| week to|
|00005510| 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 53 6f | 76 69 65 74 0d 0a 61 6d | call So|viet..am|
|00005520| 62 61 73 73 61 64 6f 72 | 73 2c 20 6d 69 6e 69 73 |bassador|s, minis|
|00005530| 74 65 72 73 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 73 |ters and| members|
|00005540| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 69 | 72 20 73 74 61 66 66 27 | of thei|r staff'|
|00005550| 73 20 68 6f 6d 65 20 74 | 6f 0d 0a 4d 6f 73 63 6f |s home t|o..Mosco|
|00005560| 77 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 | 62 72 6f 61 64 2e 20 4f |w from a|broad. O|
|00005570| 6e 63 65 20 74 68 65 79 | 20 72 65 61 63 68 65 64 |nce they| reached|
|00005580| 20 74 68 65 20 53 6f 76 | 69 65 74 20 63 61 70 69 | the Sov|iet capi|
|00005590| 74 61 6c 20 6d 6f 73 74 | 0d 0a 6f 66 20 74 68 6f |tal most|..of tho|
|000055a0| 73 65 20 72 65 63 61 6c | 6c 65 64 20 61 72 65 20 |se recal|led are |
|000055b0| 6e 6f 20 6c 6f 6e 67 65 | 72 20 73 65 65 6e 2e 20 |no longe|r seen. |
|000055c0| 49 6e 71 75 69 72 69 65 | 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 66 |Inquirie|s from f|
|000055d0| 72 69 65 6e 64 73 0d 0a | 61 62 72 6f 61 64 20 6f |riends..|abroad o|
|000055e0| 72 20 66 6f 72 65 69 67 | 6e 20 67 6f 76 65 72 6e |r foreig|n govern|
|000055f0| 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 77 68 6f 6d 20 |ments wi|th whom |
|00005600| 74 68 65 79 20 68 61 76 | 65 20 62 65 65 6e 0d 0a |they hav|e been..|
|00005610| 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 74 69 | 6e 67 20 6e 65 67 6f 74 |conducti|ng negot|
|00005620| 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 72 65 63 65 69 76 65 20 |iations |receive |
|00005630| 6e 6f 20 72 65 70 6c 79 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 |no reply| from th|
|00005640| 65 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 | 20 46 6f 72 65 69 67 6e |e Soviet| Foreign|
|00005650| 0d 0a 4f 66 66 69 63 65 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 4d |..Office|..... M|
|00005660| 65 61 6e 77 68 69 6c 65 | 20 6c 61 73 74 20 77 65 |eanwhile| last we|
|00005670| 65 6b 20 61 6c 6c 20 52 | 75 73 73 69 61 20 6f 62 |ek all R|ussia ob|
|00005680| 73 65 72 76 65 64 20 74 | 68 65 20 74 68 69 72 64 |served t|he third|
|00005690| 20 61 6e 6e 69 76 65 72 | 73 61 72 79 0d 0a 6f 66 | anniver|sary..of|
|000056a0| 20 74 68 65 20 61 73 73 | 61 73 73 69 6e 61 74 69 | the ass|assinati|
|000056b0| 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 44 69 | 63 74 61 74 6f 72 20 4a |on of Di|ctator J|
|000056c0| 6f 73 65 70 68 20 53 74 | 61 6c 69 6e 27 73 20 66 |oseph St|alin's f|
|000056d0| 61 6d 65 64 20 22 44 65 | 61 72 0d 0a 46 72 69 65 |amed "De|ar..Frie|
|000056e0| 6e 64 20 53 65 72 67 65 | 69 22 20 4b 69 72 6f 76 |nd Serge|i" Kirov|
|000056f0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 45 | 76 65 6e 20 73 69 6e 63 |..... E|ven sinc|
|00005700| 65 20 74 68 65 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 44 69 63 74 61 |e then t|he Dicta|
|00005710| 74 6f 72 20 68 61 73 20 | 62 65 65 6e 20 61 6c 6d |tor has |been alm|
|00005720| 6f 73 74 20 64 61 69 6c | 79 20 67 72 69 6c 6c 69 |ost dail|y grilli|
|00005730| 6e 67 0d 0a 61 6e 64 20 | 73 68 6f 6f 74 69 6e 67 |ng..and |shooting|
|00005740| 20 70 72 6f 6d 69 6e 65 | 6e 74 20 52 75 73 73 69 | promine|nt Russi|
|00005750| 61 6e 73 20 65 73 70 65 | 63 69 61 6c 6c 79 20 43 |ans espe|cially C|
|00005760| 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 73 74 | 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |ommunist|s..... |
|00005770| 41 6d 6f 6e 67 20 73 6f | 6d 65 20 31 2c 33 30 30 |Among so|me 1,300|
|00005780| 20 76 69 63 74 69 6d 73 | 20 68 61 76 65 20 62 65 | victims| have be|
|00005790| 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 50 | 72 65 73 69 64 65 6e 74 |en the P|resident|
|000057a0| 20 61 6e 64 20 50 72 65 | 6d 69 65 72 0d 0a 6f 66 | and Pre|mier..of|
|000057b0| 20 74 77 6f 20 55 6e 69 | 6f 6e 20 52 65 70 75 62 | two Uni|on Repub|
|000057c0| 6c 69 63 73 2c 20 62 6f | 74 68 20 73 75 69 63 69 |lics, bo|th suici|
|000057d0| 64 65 73 3b 20 61 20 6d | 6f 73 74 20 69 6c 6c 75 |des; a m|ost illu|
|000057e0| 73 74 72 69 6f 75 73 0d | 0a 4d 61 72 73 68 61 6c |strious.|.Marshal|
|000057f0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 52 65 64 20 41 72 6d 79 | of the |Red Army|
|00005800| 20 61 6e 64 20 73 65 76 | 65 6e 20 6f 66 20 68 69 | and sev|en of hi|
|00005810| 73 20 47 65 6e 65 72 61 | 6c 73 2c 20 61 6c 6c 20 |s Genera|ls, all |
|00005820| 73 68 6f 74 3b 20 74 68 | 65 0d 0a 6f 6e 65 74 69 |shot; th|e..oneti|
|00005830| 6d 65 20 43 68 69 65 66 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |me Chief| of the |
|00005840| 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 4d | 75 6e 69 74 69 6f 6e 73 |Soviet M|unitions|
|00005850| 20 54 72 75 73 74 2c 20 | 73 68 6f 74 3b 20 65 76 | Trust, |shot; ev|
|00005860| 65 6e 20 74 68 65 0d 0a | 65 64 69 74 6f 72 20 6f |en the..|editor o|
|00005870| 66 20 74 68 65 20 53 6f | 76 69 65 74 20 53 74 61 |f the So|viet Sta|
|00005880| 74 65 27 73 20 6f 77 6e | 20 6e 65 77 73 6f 72 67 |te's own| newsorg|
|00005890| 61 6e 20 49 7a 76 65 73 | 74 69 61 2c 20 77 68 6f |an Izves|tia, who|
|000058a0| 20 77 61 73 0d 0a 61 72 | 72 65 73 74 65 64 2e 20 | was..ar|rested. |
|000058b0| 49 6e 20 52 75 73 73 69 | 61 2c 20 77 68 65 72 65 |In Russi|a, where|
|000058c0| 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 69 | 6d 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c | it is i|mpossibl|
|000058d0| 65 20 74 6f 20 74 68 72 | 6f 77 20 75 70 20 6f 6e |e to thr|ow up on|
|000058e0| 65 27 73 0d 0a 6a 6f 62 | 20 61 6e 64 20 66 6c 65 |e's..job| and fle|
|000058f0| 65 2c 20 73 69 6e 63 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 67 72 65 |e, since| the gre|
|00005900| 61 74 65 72 20 70 61 72 | 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |ater par|t of the|
|00005910| 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 | 66 72 6f 6e 74 69 65 72 | Soviet |frontier|
|00005920| 20 69 73 0d 0a 73 65 61 | 6c 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 | is..sea|led with|
|00005930| 20 62 61 72 62 65 64 20 | 77 69 72 65 20 61 6e 64 | barbed |wire and|
|00005940| 20 67 75 61 72 64 65 64 | 20 64 61 79 20 61 6e 64 | guarded| day and|
|00005950| 20 6e 69 67 68 74 2c 74 | 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 | night,t|he numbe|
|00005960| 72 20 6f 66 0d 0a 73 75 | 69 63 69 64 65 73 20 61 |r of..su|icides a|
|00005970| 6d 6f 6e 67 20 52 75 73 | 73 69 61 6e 73 20 6f 66 |mong Rus|sians of|
|00005980| 20 63 6f 6e 73 65 71 75 | 65 6e 63 65 20 69 73 20 | consequ|ence is |
|00005990| 73 61 69 64 20 74 6f 20 | 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f 75 |said to |have tou|
|000059a0| 63 68 65 64 0d 0a 61 73 | 20 68 69 67 68 20 61 73 |ched..as| high as|
|000059b0| 20 32 30 30 20 70 65 72 | 20 77 65 65 6b 2e 0d 0a | 200 per| week...|
|000059c0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 28 4d 61 79 | 20 39 2c 20 31 39 33 38 |....(May| 9, 1938|
|000059d0| 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 4d | 65 61 6e 77 68 69 6c 65 |).... M|eanwhile|
|000059e0| 2c 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 | 4d 61 79 20 31 39 33 37 |, since |May 1937|
|000059f0| 2c 20 61 63 63 6f 72 64 | 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 61 |, accord|ing to a|
|00005a00| 63 63 6f 75 6e 74 73 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 0d 0a |ccounts |in the..|
|00005a10| 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 70 | 72 65 73 73 2c 20 74 68 |Soviet p|ress, th|
|00005a20| 65 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c | 65 20 73 65 74 20 62 79 |e exampl|e set by|
|00005a30| 20 53 74 61 6c 69 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 61 72 72 61 69 | Stalin |in arrai|
|00005a40| 67 6e 69 6e 67 20 61 73 | 0d 0a 74 72 61 69 74 6f |gning as|..traito|
|00005a50| 72 73 20 74 6f 20 52 75 | 73 73 69 61 20 68 65 72 |rs to Ru|ssia her|
|00005a60| 20 67 72 65 61 74 65 73 | 74 20 6d 69 6c 69 74 61 | greates|t milita|
|00005a70| 72 79 20 6c 65 61 64 65 | 72 73 20 68 61 73 20 62 |ry leade|rs has b|
|00005a80| 65 65 6e 0d 0a 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 62 79 |een..fol|lowed by|
|00005a90| 20 61 6e 20 65 70 69 64 | 65 6d 69 63 20 6f 66 20 | an epid|emic of |
|00005aa0| 73 6f 6c 64 69 65 72 73 | 20 64 65 6e 6f 75 6e 63 |soldiers| denounc|
|00005ab0| 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 69 | 72 20 6f 66 66 69 63 65 |ing thei|r office|
|00005ac0| 72 73 0d 0a 62 65 66 6f | 72 65 20 52 65 64 20 41 |rs..befo|re Red A|
|00005ad0| 72 6d 79 20 63 6f 75 72 | 74 73 2d 6d 61 72 74 69 |rmy cour|ts-marti|
|00005ae0| 61 6c 2c 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 6d 61 64 65 20 75 |al, thes|e made u|
|00005af0| 70 20 6f 66 20 6f 74 68 | 65 72 20 6f 66 66 69 63 |p of oth|er offic|
|00005b00| 65 72 73 0d 0a 61 66 72 | 61 69 64 20 6e 6f 74 20 |ers..afr|aid not |
|00005b10| 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e 76 69 | 63 74 20 6c 65 73 74 20 |to convi|ct lest |
|00005b20| 74 68 65 79 20 69 6e 20 | 74 75 72 6e 20 62 65 20 |they in |turn be |
|00005b30| 64 65 6e 6f 75 6e 63 65 | 64 2c 20 6e 6f 20 6d 61 |denounce|d, no ma|
|00005b40| 74 74 65 72 0d 0a 68 6f | 77 20 66 6c 69 6d 73 79 |tter..ho|w flimsy|
|00005b50| 20 74 68 65 20 65 76 69 | 64 65 6e 63 65 20 6f 72 | the evi|dence or|
|00005b60| 20 67 72 75 64 67 65 2e | 20 46 69 72 69 6e 67 20 | grudge.| Firing |
|00005b70| 73 71 75 61 64 73 20 68 | 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 6e |squads h|ave been|
|00005b80| 0d 0a 63 72 61 63 6b 6c | 69 6e 67 20 61 6c 6c 20 |..crackl|ing all |
|00005b90| 6f 76 65 72 20 52 75 73 | 73 69 61 20 61 74 20 73 |over Rus|sia at s|
|00005ba0| 75 63 68 20 61 20 72 61 | 74 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 |uch a ra|te than |
|00005bb0| 65 76 65 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 66 66 69 63 69 61 |even the| officia|
|00005bc0| 6c 0d 0a 52 65 64 20 41 | 72 6d 79 20 6f 72 67 61 |l..Red A|rmy orga|
|00005bd0| 6e 20 4b 72 61 73 6e 61 | 69 61 20 5a 76 65 7a 64 |n Krasna|ia Zvezd|
|00005be0| 61 20 28 22 52 65 64 20 | 53 74 61 72 22 29 20 68 |a ("Red |Star") h|
|00005bf0| 61 73 20 65 78 70 72 65 | 73 73 65 64 0d 0a 63 6f |as expre|ssed..co|
|00005c00| 6e 63 65 72 6e 20 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 22 67 72 |ncern at| the "gr|
|00005c10| 65 61 74 20 64 65 70 6c | 65 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |eat depl|etion of|
|00005c20| 20 72 65 67 69 6d 65 6e | 74 61 6c 2c 20 62 72 69 | regimen|tal, bri|
|00005c30| 67 61 64 65 20 61 6e 64 | 0d 0a 64 69 76 69 73 69 |gade and|..divisi|
|00005c40| 6f 6e 61 6c 20 63 6f 6d | 6d 61 6e 64 65 72 73 2e |onal com|manders.|
|00005c50| 22 20 49 6e 20 6f 6e 65 | 20 6f 72 20 74 77 6f 20 |" In one| or two |
|00005c60| 63 61 73 65 73 20 70 72 | 6f 73 70 65 63 74 69 76 |cases pr|ospectiv|
|00005c70| 65 20 70 75 72 67 65 0d | 0a 76 69 63 74 69 6d 73 |e purge.|.victims|
|00005c80| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 52 65 64 20 41 69 72 20 | in the |Red Air |
|00005c90| 46 6f 72 63 65 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 68 6f 70 70 65 |Force ha|ve hoppe|
|00005ca0| 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 53 | 6f 76 69 65 74 20 62 61 |d into S|oviet ba|
|00005cb0| 74 74 6c 65 0d 0a 70 6c | 61 6e 65 73 2c 20 65 73 |ttle..pl|anes, es|
|00005cc0| 63 61 70 65 64 20 6f 76 | 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 66 |caped ov|er the f|
|00005cd0| 72 6f 6e 74 69 65 72 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |rontier.|...... |
|00005ce0| 5b 42 79 20 74 68 65 20 | 74 69 6d 65 20 74 68 65 |[By the |time the|
|00005cf0| 20 74 65 72 72 6f 72 20 | 62 65 67 61 6e 20 74 6f | terror |began to|
|00005d00| 20 65 62 62 2c 20 69 74 | 20 68 61 64 20 63 6c 61 | ebb, it| had cla|
|00005d10| 69 6d 65 64 20 74 68 65 | 20 6c 69 76 65 73 0d 0a |imed the| lives..|
|00005d20| 6f 66 20 31 2c 30 30 30 | 2c 30 30 30 20 70 61 72 |of 1,000|,000 par|
|00005d30| 74 79 20 6d 65 6d 62 65 | 72 73 2c 20 33 30 2c 30 |ty membe|rs, 30,0|
|00005d40| 30 30 20 6f 66 66 69 63 | 65 72 73 20 28 61 62 6f |00 offic|ers (abo|
|00005d50| 75 74 20 6f 6e 65 2d 68 | 61 6c 66 20 6f 66 0d 0a |ut one-h|alf of..|
|00005d60| 74 68 65 20 63 6f 72 70 | 73 29 2c 20 33 2c 30 30 |the corp|s), 3,00|
|00005d70| 30 20 73 65 63 72 65 74 | 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 65 6d |0 secret| policem|
|00005d80| 61 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | 68 6f 75 73 61 6e 64 73 |an and t|housands|
|00005d90| 20 6f 66 20 70 72 6f 76 | 69 6e 63 69 61 6c 0d 0a | of prov|incial..|
|00005da0| 6f 66 66 69 63 69 61 6c | 73 2e 20 4d 69 6c 6c 69 |official|s. Milli|
|00005db0| 6f 6e 73 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 65 |ons more| were se|
|00005dc0| 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 47 75 6c 61 67 2c |nt to th|e Gulag,|
|00005dd0| 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 63 | 68 69 70 65 6c 61 67 6f | the arc|hipelago|
|00005de0| 0d 0a 6f 66 20 63 6f 6e | 63 65 6e 74 72 61 74 69 |..of con|centrati|
|00005df0| 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 6c | 61 62 6f 72 20 63 61 6d |on and l|abor cam|
|00005e00| 70 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 77 65 72 65 20 64 6f 74 |ps that |were dot|
|00005e10| 74 65 64 20 6c 69 6b 65 | 20 69 73 6c 61 6e 64 73 |ted like| islands|
|00005e20| 0d 0a 61 63 72 6f 73 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 53 6f 76 |..across| the Sov|
|00005e30| 69 65 74 20 68 65 61 72 | 74 6c 61 6e 64 2e 20 43 |iet hear|tland. C|
|00005e40| 6f 6e 74 65 6d 70 6f 72 | 61 72 79 20 65 73 74 69 |ontempor|ary esti|
|00005e50| 6d 61 74 65 73 20 62 79 | 20 61 6e 0d 0a 69 6e 64 |mates by| an..ind|
|00005e60| 65 70 65 6e 64 65 6e 74 | 20 53 6f 76 69 65 74 20 |ependent| Soviet |
|00005e70| 68 69 73 74 6f 72 69 61 | 6e 2e 20 52 6f 79 20 4d |historia|n. Roy M|
|00005e80| 65 64 76 65 64 65 76 2c | 20 61 72 65 20 74 68 61 |edvedev,| are tha|
|00005e90| 74 20 61 62 6f 75 74 0d | 0a 34 30 30 2c 30 30 30 |t about.|.400,000|
|00005ea0| 2d 35 30 30 2c 30 30 30 | 20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 |-500,000| people |
|00005eb0| 77 65 72 65 20 73 69 6d | 70 6c 79 20 73 68 6f 74 |were sim|ply shot|
|00005ec0| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6e | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 34 2c |, and an|other 4,|
|00005ed0| 35 30 30 2c 30 30 30 0d | 0a 64 69 65 64 20 69 6e |500,000.|.died in|
|00005ee0| 20 74 68 65 20 63 61 6d | 70 73 2e 5d 1a 0d 0a 0d | the cam|ps.]....|
|00005ef0| 0a | |. | |
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+