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- <text id=93TT0214>
- <title>
- Aug. 16, 1993: Billion-Dollar Blowup
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Aug. 16, 1993 Overturning The Reagan Era
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ROCKETS, Page 41
- Billion-Dollar Blowup
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A disastrous explosion means fewer spies in the sky and a giant
- hole in the U.S. intelligence budget
- </p>
- <p>By BRUCE VAN VOORST/WASHINGTON
- </p>
- <p> The spectacular fireworks high over Southern California last
- week couldn't have come at a worse time for the Central Intelligence
- Agency. Just as Congress was debating the size of the intelligence
- budget for 1994, $1 billion worth of spying equipment disappeared
- in a flash above Vandenberg Air Force Base--the costliest
- space accident since the 1986 Challenger disaster. A new Titan
- IV rocket carrying a supersecret intelligence-satellite system
- inexplicably blew up two minutes after launch. Space-spying
- expert Jeffrey Richelson, author of America's Secret Eyes in
- Space, called it a "huge embarrassment for the intelligence
- community."
- </p>
- <p> The mishap made clear once again the enormous price tag on space
- ventures. Dennis DeConcini, chairman of the Senate Select Committee
- on Intelligence, noted bitterly that Congress had struggled
- to trim about $1.3 billion out of intelligence appropriations
- this year only to see almost that much blown away in the accident.
- Even before the explosion happened, CIA Director Jim Woolsey
- wanted $1 billion added to the $27.5 billion intelligence budget
- for 1994, but that will now be a tougher sell in Congress--the extra money is earmarked for more space equipment.
- </p>
- <p> By itself the Titan's three-satellite payload--code-named
- Pacea--was not indispensable to current intelligence operations.
- The solar-powered satellites, each about as big as a midsize
- car, are part of a continuing surveillance program called Classic
- Wizard, which is designed to track ships at sea, especially
- those from the countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet
- Union. If the three satellites had been deployed as planned
- into a triangle in space, their electronic sensing devices would
- have calculated the position of ships on the basis of radio
- and radar transmissions. But the U.S. has two such systems already
- in place and a spare set available if needed.
- </p>
- <p> The worst fallout of the explosion was the doubt it created
- about the reliability of the newly designed Titan IV booster,
- on which both the Air Force and CIA are heavily dependent. The
- 12-story-high booster is the only rocket capable of launching
- a whole family of space-surveillance systems. Martin Marietta
- has delivered or has under construction about half of the 41
- Titan IVs currently on order. Colonel Frank Stirling, director
- of the Air Force's Titan IV program, immediately grounded two
- other boosters scheduled for launch and said the delay could
- last up to a year.
- </p>
- <p> Systems waiting to go into orbit include the first of the new
- Milstar communications satellites, designed to maintain military
- communications in a nuclear war; a Defense Support Program heat-sensing
- satellite to give warning of hostile missile launches; and a
- Lacrosse satellite with a special radar system to provide detailed
- pictures of the ground even through clouds and at night. One
- of the two Lacrosses currently in orbit has been up for more
- than four years and needs to be replaced. "Any lengthy delay
- in getting the Titan IV operational could be critical to the
- U.S. surveillance capability," said Richelson.
- </p>
- <p> What do not need replacing are the Pacea satellites destroyed
- last week. The Air Force tried to launch them because they were
- already mostly built when the Soviet Union collapsed. Now, tracking
- the Russian navy is less critical than it was at the height
- of the cold war. Says John Pike, a space expert at the Federation
- of American Scientists: "We know where the Russian navy is--it's in port and rusting."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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