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- <text>
- <title>
- (1940s) The Island Campaign
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1940s Highlights
- </history>
- <link 07833>
- <link 07840>
- <link 00103><article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- The Island Campaign
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> [In the Pacific, MacArthur's Australians and Americans
- continued to leapfrog in slow motion along the north coast of
- New Guinea. The U.S. Marines began perfecting the island-hopping
- techniques that would distinguish their performance in this war:
- they worked their way up "the slot" of the Solomons to
- Bougainville, closer to the much-bombed but seemingly invincible
- Japanese base at Rabaul. In the mid-Pacific, they invaded the
- Gilbert Islands, including the coral atoll of Tarawa.]
- </p>
- <p>(November 29, 1943)
- </p>
- <p> At Tarawa, the Japs were formidably dug in on nine large
- islets which form the backbone of the 22-mile-long atoll.
- Twenty-four hours after the initial landing, battlehardened
- Marine veterans of the Pacific Fleet and green but tough Army
- units, were still fighting desperate Japs.
- </p>
- <p>(December 6, 1943)
- </p>
- <p> Aboard one of the many troops transports plowing the long sea
- furrows to Tarawa, and later in the hell of Betio, was TIME
- Correspondent Robert Sherrod. His story:
- </p>
- <p> The boat boss said: "From here on you can walk in." The men
- in the boat, about 15 in all, slipped into neck-deep water. Five
- or six machine guns were concentrating all their fire on the
- group. Any one of the 15 would have sold his chances for an
- additional $25 on his life insurance policy. There were at least
- 700 yards to walk slowly, and as the waders rose on to higher
- ground, they loomed as larger and larger targets. Those who were
- not hit would always remember how the bullets hissed into the
- water inches to the right, inches to the left.
- </p>
- <p> After centuries of wading through shallowing water and
- deepening machinegun fire, the men split into two groups. One
- group headed straight for the beach. The other struck toward a
- coconut log pier, then crawled along it past wrecked boats, a
- stalled bulldozer, countless fish killed by concussion.
- </p>
- <p> The Marine beachhead at this point comprised only the 20 feet
- between the water line and the retaining wall of coconut logs
- which ringed Betio. Beyond this strip, Jap snipers and
- machine-gunners were firing.
- </p>
- <p> A mortar man 75 yards down the beach rose to a kneeling
- position, tumbled with a sniper's bullet through his back. The
- wounded man's companion popped up to help, got a bullet through
- the heart.
- </p>
- <p> That was the way it went the first day. The assault battalions
- had been cut to ribbons. Anyone who ventured beyond the
- beachhead and the retaining wall--and by mid-afternoon several
- hundred Marines had so ventured--was likely to become a
- casualty. From treetop concealment and from pillbox slits Jap
- snipers and machine-gunners raked the Americans.
- </p>
- <p> Low tide that morning bared the bodies of many Marines, some
- hunched grotesquely, others with arms outstretched, all arrested
- while charging forward.
- </p>
- <p> The turning point came about 1 p.m. on the second day.
- Millions of bullets, hundreds of tons of explosive poured into
- the stubborn Japs. Strafing planes and dive-bombers raked the
- island. Light and medium tanks got ashore, rolled up to fire
- high explosive charges point-blank into the snipers' slots of
- enemy forts. Artillery got ashore, laid down a pattern over
- every yard of the Jap positions. Ceaseless naval gunfire became
- more accurate.
- </p>
- <p> But the decisive factor was the fighting spirit of the U.S.
- Marines. Not every Corpsman was a natural hero: some quivered
- and hugged the beach, but most--those who feared and those who
- disdained death--went forward into the Jap fire.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-