01|The finance minister of Argentina announces that the government's freeze on banking is to be slowly phased out. Argentines will be allowed to transfer their frozen savings into bonds that will mature in 3 to 10 years. The government closed the nation's banks in March after thousands of Argentines began exchanging pesos for dollars in an attempt to protect their savings. The fall of the peso began in early January, when the government attempted to break out of four years of economic recession by abandoning a policy that linked its currency to the U.S. dollar on a one-to-one basis.|
02|The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) submits classified documents to the joint Senate-House Intelligence Committee regarding how Khalid al-Midha, who died in the September 2001 attack on the Pentagon, was allowed into the United States to attend flight school. CIA officials had been tracking al-Midha since he had attended a meeting of known al-Qa'ida operatives in Malaysia in 2000. The CIA neglected to advise the FBI and the Immigration and Naturalization Service of al-Midha's connections to Osama bin Laden's al-Qa'ida network.|
02|At least 67 percent of all prisoners released from state penal institutions in 1994, the latest year for which data are available, were rearrested and returned to prison within three years, announces the U.S. Department of Justice. Car thieves and burglars have the highest rate of recidivism (repeated relapses into crime).|
03|U.S. President George W. Bush's administration releases a climate report to the United Nations that outlines the effects U.S. scientists believe global warming likely will have on the environment in the United States. These include disruption of snow-fed water supplies, loss of Rocky Mountain meadows, coastal flooding, loss of coastal marshes, and an increase in severe heat waves and droughts. In the report, the Bush administration acknowledges for the first time the relationship between global warming and human actions, specifically the burning of fossil fuels that release carbon dioxide and other so-called "greenhouse gasses" that trap heat in the atmosphere.|
03|The Texas Public Utility Commission recommends that the state of Texas fine Enron Corp., the failed Houston-based energy trading company, $7.1 million for increasing corporate profits by manipulating the state's wholesale power market in August 2001. The accusations are similar to practices described by Enron lawyers in memos released to the public in May 2002 that revealed how Enron traders manipulated the California power market for profit. The Texas utility regulators claim Enron submitted false delivery schedules to increase costs and then charged for transporting energy that never existed.|
03|A nine-story apartment building in Moscow collapses, killing at least one person and leaving about 400 others homeless. The Soviet-era building was evacuated when the resident of an upper floor noticed an enormous crack that appeared suddenly in the wall of his apartment.|
04|Members of the joint U.S. Senate-House Intelligence Committee announce that they plan to investigate activities of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) going back to 1986, the year the CIA established a counterterrorism unit. The investigation is part of a Congressional inquiry into intelligence lapses that took place before the terrorist attacks on the United States on Sept. 11, 2000. The committee proposed a review of the performance of both Republican and Democratic administrations, beginning with Ronald Reagan's presidency. Before the announcement, President George W. Bush acknowledged that officials at the FBI and CIA had failed to communicate and share important information that might have prevented the attacks.|
04|Enormous crowds cheer Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain as a national holiday celebrating her 50 years on the throne ends with her appearance on the balcony of Buckingham Palace in London. At least 1 million people fill the streets of the capital on the last day of the four-day Golden Jubilee in what observers describe as a tremendous show of loyalty and affection. One London columnist notes that the people's outpouring of affection indicates an "astonishing upturn in the fortunes of the royal house."|
05|U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft announces that the government intends to begin fingerprinting and photographing all foreign visitors who fit a profile of potential terrorists. While the attorney general stresses that national origin will not be the sole factor in how visitors are classified, another Department of Justice official notes that the new regulations would focus on visitors from the Middle East and other countries with large Islamic populations.|
06|U.S. President George W. Bush, in a nationally televised address, proposes creating a new Cabinet department for domestic defense. The secretary of the Homeland Security Department is to oversee the domestic war on terrorism, specifically coordinating efforts to protect the country from terrorist attack. If authorized by Congress, the department will have 170,000 employees and a budget of $37 billion. It would consolidate 22 existing agencies, including the Coast Guard, Customs Service, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Immigration and Naturalization Service, and Secret Service. The Central Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation--agencies criticized for their failure to communicate before the terrorist attacks on the United States on Sept. 11, 2001--will remain largely unaffected.|
06|Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent Coleen Rowley testifies before the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee that a rigid hierarchy within the FBI discourages initiative and punishes people who challenge the system. According to Rowley, all authority is centralized at the bureau's Washington headquarters, where midlevel managers undermine investigations to avoid making decisions for which they could later be blamed. Rowley told the senators that FBI agents also are hampered by a computer system that is less sophisticated than most elementary private information systems. Rowley, who works at the FBI field office in Minneapolis, Minnesota, sent a memo to FBI Director Robert S. Mueller III and members of Congress in late May stating that agents in the field might have uncovered the plot that resulted in the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks if managers had not hindered their investigations.|
06|Israeli tanks shell Yasir Arafat's compound headquarters in Ram Allah, destroying a number of buildings and severely damaging the Palestinian leader's personal quarters. Two people are killed in the assault, which is launched in retaliation for the suicide car bombing of a commuter bus in northern Israel on June 5. The bombing, for which the Islamic Jihad terrorist organization took credit, killed 17 people.|
07|Islamic rebels shoot and kill American missionary Martin Burnham and Philippine nurse Deborah Yap as Philippine troops attack the rebel's jungle compound on the island of Mindanao. Burnham's wife, Gracia, is rescued after being shot in the leg during the two-hour firefight. The rebels kidnapped the Burnhams in May 2001 along with 18 other people from a seafront resort hotel.|
07|A California commission that oversees regional and community boundaries rules that an initiative on whether Hollywood and the San Fernando Valley should be allowed to secede (withdraw) from Los Angeles is to be placed on the ballot in the city's November election. The Hollywood neighborhood has approximately 184,000 residents. More than 1.35 million people, nearly half of the city's population, live in the Valley, which is separated from the rest of the city by the Santa Monica Mountains. Backers of secession point to a lack of city services and blame the indifference of government officials for growing problems with crime, gangs, traffic, and declining schools.|
08|The government of India initiates steps to ease the crisis with Pakistan in recognition of the pledge made by President Pervez Musharraf of Pakistan on June 6 that his country will permanently stop the infiltration of Islamic militants across the Line of Control into the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. Musharraf's pledge, made to U.S. Undersecretary of State Richard L. Armitage, satisfies India's primary demand that the Pakistani government stop supporting the insurgency in Kashmir, which has resulted in the deaths of thousands of Indians. India and Pakistan, which have nuclear weapons in their arsenals, currently have 1 million soldiers standing on high alert along their joint border.|
08|Serena Williams wins her second Grand Slam tennis title, beating her sister Venus Williams, 7-5, 6-3, at the French Open in Paris.|
09|An enormous wildfire burns out of control for the second day near Glenwood Springs, Colorado, a resort town at the foot of Storm King Mountain in the west central part of the state. At least 2,000 people have evacuated the area to escape the blaze, which burned across 2,000 acres (809 hectares) and leveled 40 structures in less than 24 hours. A second fire 50 miles (80 kilometers) southwest of Denver destroys 5,000 acres (2,023 hectares) of forest. In southwest Colorado, a third fire threatens oil and gas fields. Smoke from the various fires forces the state highway department to close 70 miles (113 kilometers) of Interstate 70, stranding thousands of motorists.|
09|Soccer fans in Moscow, watching a World Cup match broadcast on two huge electronic billboards just outside the Kremlin, riot when the Russian team loses to Japan. At least 100 people are injured as the rioters set fire to nearby cars and storefronts, smash windows, and pelt police with empty beer bottles.|
09|At least 37 students from a teachers' college are killed when the bus in which they were returning from a sporting event crashes into a grain truck near Masvingo in southern Zimbabwe.|
10|U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft announces that U.S. security officials have disrupted an unfolding terrorist attack on the United States. Federal authorities arrested Abdullah al Mujahir, a known terrorist, on May 8 at Chicago's O'Hare International Airport. Al Mujahir--a U.S. citizen allegedly trained in al-Qa'ida terrorist network camps--was returning home from Pakistan after making stops in Egypt and Switzerland. According to Ashcroft, al Mujahir planned to detonate a radioactive "dirty bomb," probably in Washington, D.C. So-called dirty bombs are conventional explosive devices laced with radioactive material, such as cesium, cobalt, or iridium. Dirty bombs kill victims in the area where they are detonated and spread radioactive material that is highly toxic to human beings.|
10|India lifts its ban on Pakistani aircraft flying over Indian airspace and orders its ships home from Pakistan's coast in an effort to ease tensions between the two countries. Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee's government also selects a new ambassador to Pakistan, who will proceed to Islamabad, the Pakistani capital, if Indian government officials are convinced that Pakistan has stopped infiltrating Islamic guerrillas into the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.|
11|The government of Morocco arrested three alleged members of the al-Qa'ida terrorist network in May, confirms Morocco's prime minister, Abderahmane Youssoufi. The men--citizens of Saudi Arabia--were arrested in connection with a plot to attack U.S. and British war ships in the Straits of Gibraltar. Moroccan officials believe the suspects planned suicide bombing missions in which they would sail inflatable rafts loaded with explosives alongside ships patrolling the straits. Suicide bombers, suspected of being members of al-Qa'ida, carried out a similar attack in Yemen in October 2000 that severely damaged the U.S.S. Cole and left 17 U.S. sailors dead.|
11|Afghanistan's former king, Mohammad Zahir Shah, convenes a loya jirga, Afghanistan's traditional grand assembly, in Kabul, the capital, to choose the leader of a new government and key government officials. The 87-year-old Zahir tells the 1,551 delegates, assembled in a vast, air-conditioned tent, that he did not return after 29 years of exile to be king, but rather to help bring peace and national unity to a war-torn nation. Mohammad has thrown his support behind Afghanistan's current interim leader, Hamid Karzai, for the presidency.|
12|A fire in Colorado's Pike National Forest approximately 50 miles (80 kilometers) southwest of Denver continues to grow, particularly to the south, where it threatens the town of Lake George. Firefighters estimate that the wildfire, the largest in the state's history, is now burning across an area 20 miles (32 kilometers) long by 14 miles (23 kilometers) wide, sending a column of smoke some 25,000 feet (7,620 meters) into the air. More than 5,000 people have been displaced since the blaze began on June 8.|
12|An accreditation group for teaching hospitals in the United States limits the number of hours medical residents can work. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education sets a limit of 80 hours per week that such trainees can be on duty and prohibits hospitals from placing residents on duty for more than 24 straight hours. Most teaching hospital in the United States currently have no limits on the number of hours doctors-in-training can work. The new rules are scheduled to go into effect in July 2003.|
13|The Los Angeles Lakers beat the New Jersey Nets 113-107 to sweep the 2002 National Basketball Association (NBA) finals 4 games to 0. The victory gives the team its third NBA championship in three years and 14th overall.|
13|Afghanistan's loya jirga, or grand council, votes overwhelmingly to elect Hamid Karzai president of the ruling council. Karzai, who has been Afghanistan's interim leader for the last six months, takes 1,295 of 1,575 possible votes. Political experts predict that his first challenge will be to put together a cabinet that satisfies Afghanistan's powerful regional and factional leaders. Karzai is to hold power until Afghanistan's first nationwide elections are staged in 18 months.|
13|The Detroit Red Wings capture hockey's Stanley Cup by beating the Carolina Hurricanes 3-1 in Game 5 of the championship series, played in Detroit.|
14|A suicide bomber drives a car loaded with explosives into a guard post outside the United States Consulate in Karachi, Pakistan, setting off an explosion that kills at least 10 people and injures more than 40 others. The bombing is the fourth targeting foreigners or foreign interests in Pakistan in 2002. Pakistani government officials concluded that the last attack, which killed 15 people outside the Sheraton Hotel in Karachi in May, was carried out by Osama bin Laden's al-Qa'ida terrorist network.|
15|A spokesperson for the Chicago-based accounting firm Arthur Andersen announces that the company would cease auditing public companies, the core of its business, on August 31. The announcement is made hours after a jury in U.S. District Court in Houston finds the company guilty on charges of obstruction of justice for interfering in a federal investigation of a failed client, the Houston-based energy-trading Enron Corp. During the trial, Arthur Andersen employees testified that they were ordered to destroy thousands of documents relating to the Enron account after the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) notified Andersen that Enron was to be investigated.|
16|Federal authorities arrest a U.S. Forest Service employee and charge her with igniting a wildfire in Colorado's Pike National Forest, damaging federal property, and making false statements to federal fire investigators. Authorities allege that the employee, who was patrolling the national forest to enforce a fire ban, started the blaze on June 8 when she burned a letter from her estranged husband.|
16|Golfer Tiger Woods wins the 102nd United States Open Championship, played at the Bethpage State Park in Farmingdale, New York, by defeating runner-up Phil Mickelson by three strokes for a 3-under-par 277 total. The victory is Woods's eighth major golf title since 1997 and his second title in 2002. In April, he won the Masters Tournament. The back-to-back victories make Woods the first player to win the Masters and the U.S. Open in the same year since Jack Nicklaus in 1972.|
16|Chinese authorities shut down most of the country's Internet cafes after a fire in a Beijing Internet cafe results in the deaths of 25 people, most of whom were teen-agers. Officials estimate that only about 46,000 of China's 200,000 Internet establishments are licensed.|
17|Senior executives at Enron Corp., the failed Houston-based energy trading company, awarded themselves more than $300 million in cash bonuses in the 12 months before the company filed for bankruptcy in early December 2001, reveal company documents filed in the Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. In late November, certain executives received an additional $100 million in retention bonuses paid as incentives to keep the top management from leaving the company as it collapsed. Former Enron Chairman Kenneth Lay's retention bonus totaled $10.6 million, bringing his compensation for 2001 to more than $103 million. During the same period, he borrowed an additional $80 million from the company.|
18|A Palestinian suicide bomber detonates an explosive device packed with ball bearings on a crowded bus in Jerusalem, killing 19 passengers and wounding more than 50 others. Israeli authorities describe the bombing as the deadliest in six years. The militant Islamic group Hamas claims responsibility and identifies the attacker as a 22-year-old man from the refugee camp near the West Bank city of Nablus.|
18|The Hayman wildfire continues to burn out-of-control in Pikes National Forest, 55 miles (88 kilometers) southwest of Denver, Colorado, after scorching 113,000 acres (53,823 hectares). Colorado officials issue a red flag warning, meaning that current high temperatures and low humidity could lead to a rapid or dramatic increase in the fire. About 6,000 people have evacuated from houses in the area. Officials believe 25 houses have burned, but warn the figure could be higher.|
19|Large numbers of Israeli tanks and troops, backed by attack helicopters, enter the West Bank cities of Nablus and Jenin and begin seizing territory held by the Palestinian Authority. The raids are in retaliation for the suicide bombing on June 18 of a bus in Jerusalem that killed 19 people. Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon announces that Israel will hold the West Bank territory "as long as the terror continues."|
19|A suicide bomber kills himself and six Israelis and wounds an additional 35 people at a bus stop in Jerusalem. The bombing takes place hours after Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon warned that additional terrorist attacks would result in the seizure of more West Bank territory held by the Palestinian Authority.|
19|Police in Morocco are holding a man considered to be an important member of the al-Qa'ida terrorist network and a close associate of Osama bin Laden. Intelligence experts in Rabat, the Moroccan capital, identify the man as Abu Zubair al-Haili, a Saudi citizen who is believed to know the locations of al-Qa'ida terrorist cells and details of future attacks. Agents suggest that al-Haili was instrumental in reorganizing the al-Qa'ida network after the fall of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan and arranged for false identification and transportation that allowed al-Qa'ida cells to spread into various countries.|
20|The U.S. Supreme Court rules, in a 6-to-3 decision, that the execution of a mentally retarded person is cruel and unusual punishment and in violation of the 8th Amendment. The dissenters, Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist and Justices Clarence Thomas and Antonin Scalia, argue that the decision turns capital cases into a game in which defendants will fake mental retardation. Eighteen of the 38 states that allow capital punishment already had bans on the practice of putting the mentally retarded to death.|
20|At least 98 miners die in an explosion in a coal mine in the city of Jixi in Heilongjiang Province in northeast China. The state coal mine safety board closes down production in 10 other mines in the area until the cause of the explosion can be determined.|
21|The United States soccer team is eliminated from the quarterfinals of the World Cup in Ulsan, South Korea, with a 1-0 loss to Germany. Soccer experts describe the U.S. showing in 2002--one of eight teams to reach the quarterfinals--as an "extraordinary achievement," compared with coming in dead last among the 32 teams participating in the 1998 World Cup in France.|
21|Torrential flooding across large areas of China since June 1 has resulted in the deaths of more than 500 people and left thousands homeless, report government officials in Beijing, the capital. Agency officials estimate that flood waters cover some 1,790 square miles (4,640 square kilometers) in 10 provinces, affecting the lives of as many as 100 million people.|
22|Nearly 100 villages are destroyed and more than 220 people are killed when an earthquake of 6.3 magnitude strikes northwestern Iran.|
22|Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad of Malaysia informs members of his party at a political conference in Kuala Lumpur, the capital, that he intends to leave office in 2003. The 76-year-old Mahathir has held power for 21 years, during which Malaysia has become one of the most stable countries in Asia.|
23|Fires have leveled at least 2.28 million acres (923,000 hectares) of forest in the United States in 2002, more than double the 10-year national average, report officials with the National Interagency Fire Center. Federal officials blame a severe drought in the West. Major fires currently burn out of control in Utah, New Mexico, Colorado, and Arizona. Two wildfires northeast of Phoenix, Arizona, have burned across 300,000 acres (121,000 hectares) and have forced the evacuation of at least 25,000 residents.|
24|U.S. President George W. Bush issues an ultimatum to the Palestinian people implying that Yasir Arafat must be removed as their leader if they want the support of the United States in the creation of a Palestinian nation on the West Bank. The president demands an end to Palestinian terrorism in Israel and asks for free elections and various economic reforms under Palestinian leadership uncompromised by terrorist acts.|
24|Serious crime, such as homicide and robbery, increased in most large U.S. cities in 2001 for the first time in 10 years, report officials with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). FBI statistics reveal that all crime in the United States increased by 2 percent between 2000 and 2001. Homicides increased by 3.1 percent, and car theft rose by 5.9 percent.|
24|More than 200 passengers are killed when a train, en route from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to Kigoma, Tanzania, rolls down a hill and slams into a freight train after experiencing mechanical failure.|
25|U.S. President George W. Bush declares two Arizona counties, northeast of Phoenix, national disaster areas after surveying the Rodeo-Chediski fire, which continues to grow after burning across 375,000 acres (152,000 hectares), an area larger than the city of Los Angeles. The fire, the largest in Arizona's history, developed when two wildfires connected to form a single line 50 miles (80 kilometers) long. The president's designation of the two counties as disaster areas allows the more than 30,000 residents who have evacuated to apply for federal relief benefits.|
25|The management of WorldCom Inc. discloses that the Mississippi-based telecommunications company lost $3.8 billion in 15 months in 2001 and 2002, instead of posting $1.4 billion in profits as previously reported. According to company officials, the chief financial officer recorded routine business expenses, such as salaries, as capital investments. Capital investments are "big ticket items," such as a buildings and machines, whose costs legitimately can be spread out over several years. Treating expenses as investments made the company appear profitable when it was actually losing money. Business experts describe the manipulation as the largest case of accounting deception in U.S. history. The company's long-time chief executive officer, Bernard Ebbers, had abruptly resigned in April when it was disclosed that he had borrowed $409 million in company funds.|
26|The State Duma, Russia's lower house of parliament, passes legislation that legalizes the sale of Russian farmland for the first time since the Bolsheviks gained control of the government in the revolution of 1917. The vote is 258 to 149, with members of the Communist Party in opposition. The bill, which is supported by President Vladimir Putin, is expected to easily pass in the upper house. Agricultural experts believe that allowing farmers to own their own land will reverse the sharp decline in Russia's agricultural productivity, which fell from 15 percent of gross domestic product in 1990 to 7.5 percent in 2000. Agriculture is the primary economic support of about 25 percent of Russia's population.|
26|The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco rules in a 2-to-1 decision that the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools is unconstitutional because of the phrase "one Nation under God." Judge Alfred Goodwin writes in the majority decision that the phrase amounts to a government endorsement of religion, which violates the separation of church and state guaranteed in the U.S. Constitution. The decision strikes down a federal law passed by Congress in 1954 that added the words "under God" to the pledge of allegiance. Legal experts expect the decision will be appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.|
27|The U.S. Supreme Court rules that taxpayer money can be used to send children to private schools, including religious schools. In a 5-4 decision, the court decides that the Cleveland, Ohio, school-voucher program does not violate the Constitutional clause separating church and state. Chief Justice William Rehnquist, writing for the majority, notes that the Cleveland program is "neutral in all respects toward religion" and offers parents "genuine choice." David H. Souter, writing for the dissenters, describes the ruling as a sharp break from the country's traditional support of the public school system. He argues that school vouchers provide money "to a core function of the church: the teaching of religious truths to young children." Legal experts predict that the ruling clears the way for the most sweeping change in U.S. public schools since the Brown vs. Board of Education desegregation decision in 1954.|
28|The U.S. Supreme Court orders a federal judge to bar the public and press from attending deportation hearings for immigrants detained in connection with the terrorist attacks on the United States on Sept. 11, 2001. The court order is made in response to a request by the George W. Bush administration that judges be required to close all hearings involving detainees suspected of having information about terrorism.|
28|WorldCom Inc., the Mississippi-based telecommunications company, lays off the first of an estimate 17,000 employees expected to lose their jobs. The layoffs come one day after the U.S. Security and Exchange Commission filed civil fraud charges against WorldCom for attempting to bury nearly $4 billion in losses through illegal accounting practices.|
29|A clash between North Korean and South Korean forces on the Yellow Sea leaves 4 South Korean sailors dead and 19 others wounded. North Korea, which claims the South Korean ship fired first, declines to reveal the extent of its navy's causalities. South Korea accuses North Korea of provoking the incident when the North Korean ship crossed the maritime border into South Korean waters.|
29|Russian emergency officials announce that massive flooding caused by days of heavy rain has left at least 90 people dead and tens of thousands of people homeless in the area south of the city Rostov-on-Don.|
30|The United States vetoes a six-month extension of the United Nations' peacekeeping mission in Bosnia. The veto is made in response to the failure of the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations to win a blanket exemption for U.S. peacekeepers from prosecution by the International Criminal Court. The Bush administration has ordered U.S. envoys to fight any bid that places American troops under the jurisdiction of the court, which goes into operation in The Hague, Netherlands, on July 1.|
30|An Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report issued to the U.S. Congress reveals that the George W. Bush administration is cutting funding for the cleanup of 33 toxic waste sites in 18 states under the Superfund cleanup program. The Superfund, which is administered by the EPA, was established in 1980 to clean up hazardous toxic waste sites and to prosecute violators. The EPA inspector general predicts that all work on the 33 sites is likely to stop. The Superfund began running out of money after Congress in 1995 failed to renew the taxes on industry that largely financed the program. Approximately 30 percent of the 1,551 contaminated sites originally targeted by Environmental Protection Agency officials have been cleaned up with Superfund money.|
30|The U.S. attorney general in Arizona charges a part-time firefighter with deliberately setting a fire that resulted in the worst wildfire in the state's history. According to a statement filed in federal court by a Federal Bureau of Investigation agent, the suspect admitted setting the fire in the Fort Apache Indian Reservation, where he lives, to ensure that he would have a summer job. The fire, which is known as the Rodeo fire, merged with the Chediski fire on June 23 to form a blaze that continues out of control after burning across 452,230 acres (183,000 hectares) and destroying more than 420 houses.|
30|Firefighters save Deadwood, South Dakota, a historic gold-mining town in the Black Hills, from a forest fire. The town is located at the bottom of a canyon flanked by pine-covered mountains. South Dakota Governor William J. Janklow ordered Deadwood evacuated when the fire jumped a highway on the town's outskirts. Pushed by strong winds across 4,500 acres (1,820 hectares), the fire burned two houses and six other Deadwood buildings before firefighters were able contain it.|
