ocr: a The Fifties Following the Depression and World War II, the 1950S was a time of unprecedented wealth and influence for. America. It was also a time of Cold War controntation- in Korea, Berlin, Indochina and fear of nuclear war. There were fresh currents in the arts- the Beat Gener- ation, rock 'n' roll, the Theater of the Absurd-and legendary performers- Elvis, Marilyn, Mantle, Callas. The names Sputnik, Kinsey, and Rosa Parks signaled change. Background