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Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-1
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COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-2
EVENT TYPES
-----------
The different TYPEs of events that may exist in a sequence will
be discussed next. Each event TYPE will be described and its
'requirements' will also be detailed (i.e. what values go in the
other fields on the EDIT detail screen). The corresponding Dr. T
event types are also given.
But first, some general comments. When you manually enter an
event into the edit detail area, the different fields will need
to have specific values (or ranges) depending on the event TYPE
that you enter. If an error is made, then the screen will be
redisplayed with an error message and the EVENT number will be
blinking. In other cases, you will simply get a general message
("BLINKING FIELDS IN ERROR"). This error message is a general
one that comes from the software that processes the screens for
GFMUSIC. When the screens were defined, general editing criteria
were specified for some of the fields. For example, a field may
have been defined such that it must be numeric and within a range
of 1 to 16. If you enter data into the field that does not meet
the criteria then a general message is issued and the field is
set to blink. Note : if you can not see any blinking fields and
you get the error message, then look for a blank field. I.e. the
program is blinking the field in error but the field is blank, so
you can't see the blinking.
In any case, the messages, or the content of the field that is
blinking should make finding and correcting the error easy.
Remember, no commands will be processed until all events in the
edit detail area pass all edits.
**********************
Note : The DURATion field must always have a number in it. If
DURATion does not apply to a particular event then put/leave a
zero in the DURATion field.
*********************
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-3
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
SEQUENCE # 1 NAME ALLEVENTS
---------------------------------------------
CMND => | |
---------------------------------------------
EVENT TYPE NOTE OCT DURAT TIME CH VEL MEAS STEP
---------------------------------------------------
1 |BPM | | 120 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 1 1
2 |BPMUP | | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 1 1
3 |BPMDN | | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 1 1
4 |* | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 1 1
5 |BEND | | 2000 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0| 1 1
6 |* | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 1 1
7 |ATC | | 64 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0| 1 1
8 |ATP | | 64 | 64 | 0 | 2 | 0| 1 1
9 |* | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 1 1
10 | | C | 5 | 192 | 192 | 5 | 64| 2 1
11 | | E | 5 | 192 | 192 | 5 |120| 3 1
12 |OFF | E | 5 | 0 | 96 | 5 | 0| 3 97
13 |PROG | | 12 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0| 3 97
14 |* | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 3 97
15 |CTRL | | 126 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0| 3 97
16 |ECHOON | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0| 3 97
17 |ECHOOFF | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 3 97
18 |DATA | | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0| 3 97
19 |SEQSTARTNOWAIT | 12 | 1 | 4 | 192 | 0 | 30| 4 97
20 |SEQSTARTWAIT+ | -12 | 1 | 2 | 192 | 0 |-30| 5 97
---------------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The above excerpt from a sequence EDIT screen shows all event
types.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-4
The following table summarizes the valid values for fields by
event TYPE.
TYPE NOTE OCT DURAT TIME CH VEL
-------- ---- --- ----- ---- -- ----
ATC n/a 0-127 n/a 0-32000 1-16 n/a
ATP n/a 0-127 0-127 0-32000 1-16 n/a
BEND n/a -8192 n/a 0-32000 1-16 n/a
to
+8191
BPM n/a 60-240 n/a 0-32000 n/a n/a
BPMDN n/a 1-240 n/a 0-32000 n/a n/a
BPMUP n/a 1-240 n/a 0-32000 n/a n/a
CTRL n/a 0-127 0-127 0-32000 1-16 n/a
DATA n/a 0-255 n/a 0-32000 n/a n/a
ECHOON n/a n/a n/a n/a 1-16 n/a
ECHOOFF n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
ON C 0 1-32000 0-32000 1-16 1-127
to
G 10
OFF C 0 n/a 0-32000 1-16 1-127
to
G 10
PROG n/a 0-127 n/a 0-32000 1-16 n/a
* n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
seqname -127 to 127 n/a 1-999 0-32000 n/a -127
or to
seqname+ +127
*********************************************************
DURATion always requires a number, if n/a then use zero.
*********************************************************
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-5
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-6
Note-On TYPE = blank or 'ON'
---------------------------------
The Note-On event is certainly the most common. It represents
the 'sounding' of a note (or the pressing of a key on the
synthesizer). The most common way of entering Note-On events is
by recording a sequence with the PLAY/RECORD feature. However,
you can enter notes manually via the editor. Or you can change
notes in a sequence (or any of the parameters associated with a
note) with the editor. Like all event types, there are other
parameters associated with the event and these parameters must
have values within specific ranges. When you enter a Note-On
event, you can put 'ON' in the TYPE field, or, just leave the
TYPE field blank. A blank TYPE field is assumed to be a note-on
event.
Permissable values for other fields are :
The NOTE/OCT combination specifies exactly which note is to be
played. It can range from NOTE=C and OCT=0 to NOTE=G and
OCT=10.
The DURATion field indicates the duration of the note (how long
it will sound). The value is in steps. If we had set
STEPS/MEASURE to 192, then to get a 1/4 note we would enter 48 in
this field.
Duration must be greater than zero and less than 32,001. At 192
steps per measure that is enough for a note to sound for 166
measures !!
The TIME field indicates when the note will sound. It represents
the number of steps since the prior event was 'executed'. For
example, a value of 192 in the TIME field would indicate that the
note would sound exactly 1 measure after the previous note/event
started (at 192 steps per measure).
The CH (CHannel) field indicates which midi channel will be
associated with the note. Your synthesizer must be set to
process the same channel as the note in order for it to sound on
the synth.
The VEL (VELocity) field contains the velocity value for the
note.
Dr. T equivalent is ON
NOTE-OFF TYPE=OFF
--------------------
This event will turn off a specific note at the time indicated.
Dr. T equivalent is OFF but since gfmusic allows durations of up to
32,000 there is probably no need for using this event type.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-7
PITCH BEND TYPE=BEND
-------------------------
You would not normally ever enter Pitch bend events manually. It
takes so many of them to be meaningful to a synthesizer that
entering or changing them manually would be tedious at best.
However, when recording, if the Pitch bend filter is off
(allowing recording of pitch bends) then pitch bends will be
recorded in the sequence as they are sent out by the synthesizer.
As an experiment, you may want to try recording a short sequence
using pitch bends and then go into edit on the sequence to see
what it produces. The pitch bend feature of synthesizers
produces alot of events. One technique that some people use is
to record a sequence without pitch bends, and then record a
second sequence with the first sequence playing. The second
sequence that is recorded is simply pitch bend changes. Then, a
controll sequence can play them both back simultaneously. And,
the Pitch Bends dont clutter the Edit Screen with the Note-On
Events.
Dr. T equivalent is PB. Note that controlling tempo via pitch
bends on channel 16 is now done with the BPM event type. In
addition, two new event types (BPMUP and BPMDN) are available for
you.
PROGRAM CHANGE TYPE=PROG
------------------------------
You will use program changes frequently. A Program change
normally selects a 'voice' or 'patch' on the synthesizer. Put
them in your sequences when you want to set the synthesizer to a
specific 'voice' or patch/program. Some synthesizers need a
little time between the program change and any following notes.
I.e. on some synthesizers, program changes are not 'instant'.
Because of this, sometimes you will have to change programs
during 'dead' time in a song. The key here is to experiment.
Dr. T equivalent is PG.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-8
CONTROLL CHANGE TYPE=CTRL
-------------------------------
The controll change event varies in usefulness depending on the
brand/model of synthesizer. What the controll change 'controlls'
will vary between synthesizers. Check the manual for your
synthesizer/sound module.
Some synthesizers will send out controll changes but not respond
to them.
The controll change has two parameters, each may have a value of
0 to 127. The meaning varies between synths. Check your
manuals. Do some experimentation. Try recording with the
controll change filter off.
Dr. T equivalent is CC for type. The Dr. T values for NOTE and
VEL correspond to the values you put into OCT and DURAT.
AFTER TOUCH CHANNEL TYPE=ATC
-----------------------------------
Yet another parameter that varies from one synthesizer to
another. The key again is to experiment with your own equipment.
This type of event is often filtered. Not used on most Synths.
Dr. T equivalent is AT. However, GFMUSIC further breaks down
after-touch into the two types of after-touch. The Dr. T value in
note corresponds to the gfmusic value in OCT.
AFTER TOUCH POLY TYPE=ATP
-----------------------------------
Yet another parameter that varies from one synthesizer to
another. The key again is to experiment with your own equipment.
This event type is normally filtered during recording. Most
synths use After-Touch-Channel if after Touch is provided at all.
There is no Dr. T equivalent.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-9
BEATS PER MINUTE TYPE=BPM
---------------------------------
The BPM event is how you can set the tempo from within a
sequence. Permissable values are 60 to 240. A common way to
implement this event is to include it at the beginning of your
highest level controll sequence.
BPM corresponds to Dr. T pitch bends on channel 16. If you use
these, you will either have to calculate the equivalent or play
with it to determine what to set BPM at to get the same value as
Dr. T PB on 16.
BEATS PER MINUTE UP TYPE=BPMUP
--------------------------------------
This event type is used to increase the tempo as opposed to
setting it to a specific value. The value you put in the NOTE
field is how many Beats Per Minute that you want to increase the
tempo by.
No Dr. T equivalent.
BEATS PER MINUTE DOWN TYPE=BPMDN
-------------------------------------
This event is used to decrease the tempo. The value you put in
the NOTE field is how many Beats Per Minute that you want to
decrease the tempo by.
No Dr. T equivalent
NULL EVENT TYPE=*
-------------------------
The Null Event does nothing in a sequence. However, it does
affect the timing (start times) of other events because it has a
TIME value.
The last event in all sequences MUST be a Null Event.
Dr. T equivalent is the DE event.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-10
SEQUENCE START TYPE=Sequencenametostart or TYPE=Sequencename+
----------------------------------------------------------------
The sequence start event is used in a sequence to start other
sequences. The TYPE field is where you specify the sequence to
start by entering the name of the sequence. If you append a "+"
to the end of the sequence name (in the TYPE field) then that
tells GFMUSIC that you want to WAIT for the started sequence to
end before continuing on with the next event. The "+" must
immediately follow the last character of the sequence to start.
The DURation field is where you specify the number of
repeats/loops for the started sequence. You can impose a pitch
and/or velocity transposition on the started sequence by entering
values in the NOTE and VELocity fields respectively. Remember,
if you specify a transposition for the started sequence, then
that transposition will 'cascade' (or be inherited by) any
sequences that the started sequence starts.
Dr. T equivalent is the sequence start event. Implementation
virtually the same.
DATA BYTE TYPE=DATA
--------------------------
The Data event is how you can have GFMUSIC transmit specific
bytes via the midi interface. A byte can have a value of $00
thru $FF which is the same as zero thru 255. To specify the
byte to send, enter a number of zero to 255 in the OCTave field.
Like all events, the TIME field still applies.
Dr. T equivalent is the 'single byte event'. Dr. T uses an * in
type to denote this type of event where in GFMUSIC the * in TYPE
represents a NULL EVENT (Dr. T DE event).
SET ECHO CHANNELS TYPE=ECHOON or TYPE=ECHOOFF
-------------------------------------------------------
With these two event types, you can set the Echo channel from
within a sequence using ECHOON, or you can turn off echo via
the ECHOOFF event.
You might use this for live performance where you have a number
of different sound modules, a Controller Keyboard, and are using
GFMUSIC. With these events, you can have your sequences switch
your controller keyboard between the sound modules (assuming
that they are assigned different Midi channels). Of course, the
keyboard does not have to be a Controller keyboard, it can be
any synth.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-11
One thing to watch out for. If you use this technique and your
sequence changes echo channels while you still have a note held
down, you may end up with a stuck note on the sound module you
are echoing to. One way to avoid this is to have the sequence
send a patch change (PROGram change) just prior to switching
echo channels because on many synths and sound modules, a patch
change automatically turns off all notes. Or, have the sequence
send a "All Notes Off" control change just prior to switching
channels.
No Dr. T equivalent.
COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL
Edit Again - Event Types Section 9B-12
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COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 Gerald H. Felderman Tampa, FL