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1997-06-01
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Some Frequently Asked Questions. Please read this carefully if you have
problems.
** COMMON PROBLEMS
Q: Sometimes, after UAE exits, there is no autorepeat for the keys!
A: Do "xset r on" (happens only in X, apparently mainly on Solaris boxes.
Dunno why.). [Should be fixed by now. Note that this always happens when
UAE crashes]
Q: When UAE starts up, it says "Illegal instruction: 4e7b". Why?
A: That's normal, it's just the Kickstart CPU type test.
Q: When UAE starts up, it says "Illegal instruction: 00f8" (many times). Why?
A: That's because your Kickstart ROM was compiled for the 68020.
(could also happen when there's a bug in UAE)
Q: When UAE loads <insert your favourite game> it says "Non-standard sync".
A: Your favourite game is copy-protected. There are ways to transfer such
disks, but it's complicated and I won't help you because it would be much
too time-consuming to figure out all sorts of copy-protection schemes.
I hope there will be a general solution some day, but for now you're
unlucky.
Q: While it compiles, it says "xxx illegals generated" or "16 mismatches".
Is this a problem?
A: No. I can use this information to tell whether there is a problem, and
there isn't.
Q: How can I produce an @ symbol (or any other sign)? On my PC keyboard it's
AltGr+Q, but that doesn't seem to work.
A: Look at the keyboard of your Amiga. Use the same combination that you would
need on a real Amiga. These combinations differ across countries. Make sure
you have loaded the right keyboard translation table for AmigaOS (e.g. in
Germany, make sure there's a "setmap de" command in the startup-sequence)
You can probably create a @ sign by pressing Alt+2, or Shift+2.
Q: The "configure" script does not find Tcl/Tk, but I have it installed!
A: The script checks for an executable called "wish4.0". There is currently
no better test. Unfortunately, this executable is not always present,
even though Tk 4.0 is installed. If that is the case, find the "wish"
executable, go into the directory where you found it and type
"ln -s wish wish4.0" (provided you have write rights in that directory,
i.e. you are super-user). Then go back to the UAE directory, remove the
file config.cache and rerun "configure". That should do the trick.
** INCOMPATIBILITIES
Q: UAE does not work with my Kickstart 1.2 image.
A: You may need to turn off the harddisk and fastmem emulation with the "-a"
parameter. Kick 1.2 doesn't support the autoboot features that the harddisk
emulation requires.
You can tell that you are suffering from this problem if UAE gives you the
message "filesys_bput called".
Q: What do I do if a game/demo/application doesn't work?
A: If you're trying to run a game or a demo, enable some slow RAM, and try
running it again. Some older software has compatability problems which
slow RAM can sometimes fix. If it's an application, check for obvious
things like Kickstart version requirements, RAM, etc. Also make sure the
software you're trying to run isn't for AGA equipped machines.
** AMIGA DISKS, DISK IMAGES, HARDDISKS, CDROMS
Q: Is it possible to read Amiga disks with a PC?
A: Ask that in comp.emulators.misc :-) The answer is: NO! Unless you invent
and build some extra hardware yourself, which no one appears to have done
yet. You'd also need some extra software driver; the whole setup would be
similar to the X1541 cable/software for C64 emulators.
Some people have pointed out that you can buy a controller named "Catweasl"
which apparently can read all sorts of disks on a PC, including Amiga
disks. Please don't ask for details, I don't have the thing and I can't
tell whether it works.
Q: Couldn't I attach an Amiga floppy drive to the PC somehow, and use that to
read Amiga disks?
A: You can attach Amiga (low-density) drives to the PC, because they are
completely identical to PC drives. This won't help you, because the problem
is not the drive, but the PC floppy controller. You have to live with it.
Q: But the PC can read 11-sector formats!
A: Yes, but those sectors look a little different to the hardware.
Q: But the Amiga can read PC disks!
A: So what?
Q: But the PC can read Atari ST disks!
A: So what?
Q: But...
A: No way. If you still are convinced that it must be possible, prove it.
Write a program to read Amiga disks with a standard PC controller, and I
will apologize in public.
Q: How can I use DMS images?
A: Run DMS under UAE and use it just like you would on a real Amiga.
Decompressing a DMS file to DF0: will overwrite the .adf file that is
currently used to emulate df0:.
Q: How can I transfer non-DOS disks that are used by many demos?
A: With transdisk. The fact that they are unreadable by AmigaDOS does not
mean they are unreadble by transdisk.
Long explanation: There are two things to consider when talking about the
"format" of a disk. First, the low-level format which divides each track
into sectors in a special way. Most Amiga disks are in the standard Amiga
format which has 11 sectors with 512 bytes each per track, with a total of
880K per disk. There's also some extra information outside the sectors so
that the floppy controller can find the sectors. PC disks use a different
format, which is the reason why a PC controller can't read Amiga disks.
If a disk is formatted this way, it can be copied with the normal AmigaDOS
diskcopy program or the Workbench equivalent, and transdisk can handle it.
Copy-protected disks have a different track layout (sometimes, they don't
divide the tracks into sectors at all, or use more sectors, or put
different things between the sectors. This type of thing can't be handled
by diskcopy or by transdisk.
Now, the second part of the "format" of a disk is the filesystem. If you
want to put files and directories on a disk, you have to write some special
information into some of the sectors on the disk. That information includes
(for example) the name of the disk (e.g. "Workbench1.3"), and what files it
contains. This information is called a "filesystem". The Amiga knows about
several filesystems: There is the original filesystem (called OFS), and the
newer Fast Filesystem (FFS) which was introduced with Kickstart 1.3.
If you don't put a filesystem on the disk, the data in the sectors can still
be read by programs like transdisk or diskcopy, but the data makes no sense
to them. The point is, it doesn't have to. It only has to make sense for
the Workbench which tries to determine what files there are on a disk. If
the Workbench can't find a filesystem it knows about on the disk, it will
be marked as a non-DOS disk (as opposed to an "unreadable" disk which you
get if the low-level format is different from the standard).
Q: How can I change diskfiles?
A: Your version of UAE may have a user interface (the X11 version does) which
enables you to do this. Read your system-specific README file for details.
You can also use the "uaectrl" programs from the "amiga" subdirectory.
Q: Why is the floppy emulation so slow, after all the disk image is on a
harddisk?
A: Because the disk rotation is emulated. This is necessary. Use the harddisk
emulation wherever possible.
Q: <insert your favourite problem with the hardfile emulation here>
A: Don't use the hardfile. Use the filesystem emulation ("-m" option).
Q: How can I read Amiga CD-ROMs?
A: With the harddisk emulation. Give UAE the parameter "-M CD:/cdrom" if you
are using a Linux system with the CD mounted at /cdrom, or "-m CD:D:\" if
you are using DOS and D: is your CD-ROM drive (and if you have a different
system you should be able to figure out what to do)
Q: Is it possible to read Amiga harddisks with a PC?
A: Yes. Linux 2.0 has an Amiga filesystem that can reportedly read Amiga
OFS/FFS harddisks. Please don't ask for details, I didn't write the thing,
and I don't use it (yet). I did use it to read .adf disk images, though.
** FUTURE PLANS
Q: When will version 1.0 come out, and what will be in it?
A: Rather soon, I hope. I ha