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- CHMOD(1L) CHMOD(1L)
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- NNAAMMEE
- chmod - change the access permissions of files
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- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- cchhmmoodd [-Rcfv] [--recursive] [--changes] [--silent]
- [--quiet] [--verbose] [--help] [--version] mode file...
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- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- This manual page documents the GNU version of cchhmmoodd.
- cchhmmoodd changes the permissions of each given file according
- to _m_o_d_e, which can be either a symbolic representation of
- changes to make, or an octal number representing the bit
- pattern for the new permissions.
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- The format of a symbolic mode is
- `[ugoa...][[+-=][rwxXstugo...]...][,...]'. Multiple sym-
- bolic operations can be given, separated by commas.
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- A combination of the letters `ugoa' controls which users'
- access to the file will be changed: the user who owns it
- (u), other users in the file's group (g), other users not
- in the file's group (o), or all users (a). If none of
- these are given, the effect is as if `a' were given, but
- bits that are set in the umask are not affected.
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- The operator `+' causes the permissions selected to be
- added to the existing permissions of each file; `-' causes
- them to be removed; and `=' causes them to be the only
- permissions that the file has.
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- The letters `rwxXstugo' select the new permissions for the
- affected users: read (r), write (w), execute (or access
- for directories) (x), execute only if the file is a direc-
- tory or already has execute permission for some user (X),
- set user or group ID on execution (s), save program text
- on swap device (t), the permissions that the user who owns
- the file currently has for it (u), the permissions that
- other users in the file's group have for it (g), and the
- permissions that other users not in the file's group have
- for it (o).
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- A numeric mode is from one to four octal digits (0-7),
- derived by adding up the bits with values 4, 2, and 1.
- Any omitted digits are assumed to be leading zeros. The
- first digit selects the set user ID (4) and set group ID
- (2) and save text image (1) attributes. The second digit
- selects permissions for the user who owns the file: read
- (4), write (2), and execute (1); the third selects permis-
- sions for other users in the file's group, with the same
- values; and the fourth for other users not in the file's
- group, with the same values.
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- cchhmmoodd ignores symbolic links; the cchhmmoodd system call cannot
- change their permissions. This is not a problem since the
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- FSF GNU File Utilities 1
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- CHMOD(1L) CHMOD(1L)
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- permissions of symbolic links are never used.
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- OOPPTTIIOONNSS
- _-_c_, _-_-_c_h_a_n_g_e_s
- Verbosely describe only files whose permissions
- actually change.
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- _-_f_, _-_-_s_i_l_e_n_t_, _-_-_q_u_i_e_t
- Do not print error messages about files whose per-
- missions cannot be changed.
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- _-_v_, _-_-_v_e_r_b_o_s_e
- Verbosely describe changed permissions.
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- _-_R_, _-_-_r_e_c_u_r_s_i_v_e
- Recursively change permissions of directories and
- their contents.
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- _-_-_h_e_l_p Print a usage message and exit with a non-zero sta-
- tus.
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- _-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
- Print version information on standard error then
- exit.
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- FSF GNU File Utilities 2
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