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- CP(1L) CP(1L)
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- NNAAMMEE
- cp - copy files
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- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- ccpp [options] source dest
- ccpp [options] source... directory
- Options:
- [-abdfilprsuvxPR] [-S backup-suffix] [-V {num-
- bered,existing,simple}] [--backup] [--no-dereference]
- [--force] [--interactive] [--one-file-system] [--preserve]
- [--recursive] [--update] [--verbose] [--suffix=backup-
- suffix] [--version-control={numbered,existing,simple}]
- [--archive] [--path] [--link] [--symbolic-link] [--help]
- [--version]
-
- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- This manual page documents the GNU version of ccpp. If the
- last argument names an existing directory, ccpp copies each
- other given file into a file with the same name in that
- directory. Otherwise, if only two files are given, it
- copies the first onto the second. It is an error if the
- last argument is not a directory and more than two files
- are given. By default, it does not copy directories.
-
- OOPPTTIIOONNSS
- _-_a_, _-_-_a_r_c_h_i_v_e
- Preserve as much as possible of the structure and
- attributes of the original files in the copy. The
- same as _-_d_p_R.
-
- _-_b_, _-_-_b_a_c_k_u_p
- Make backups of files that are about to be over-
- written or removed.
-
- _-_d_, _-_-_n_o_-_d_e_r_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e
- Copy symbolic links as symbolic links rather than
- copying the files that they point to, and preserve
- hard link relationships between source files in the
- copies.
-
- _-_f_, _-_-_f_o_r_c_e
- Remove existing destination files.
-
- _-_i_, _-_-_i_n_t_e_r_a_c_t_i_v_e
- Prompt whether to overwrite existing regular desti-
- nation files.
-
- _-_l_, _-_-_l_i_n_k
- Make hard links instead of copies of non-
- directories.
-
- _-_P_, _-_-_p_a_t_h
- Form the pathname of each destination file by
- appending to the target directory a slash and the
-
-
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- FSF GNU File Utilities 1
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- CP(1L) CP(1L)
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- pathname of the source file. The last argument
- given to ccpp must be the name of an existing direc-
- tory. For example, the command `cp --path a/b/c
- existing_dir' copies the file _a_/_b_/_c to _e_x_i_s_t_-
- _i_n_g___d_i_r_/_a_/_b_/_c_, creating any missing intermediate
- directories.
-
- _-_p_, _-_-_p_r_e_s_e_r_v_e
- Preserve the original files' owner, group, permis-
- sions, and timestamps.
-
- _-_r Copy directories recursively, copying all non-
- directories as if they were regular files.
-
- _-_s_, _-_-_s_y_m_b_o_l_i_c_-_l_i_n_k
- Make symbolic links instead of copies of non-
- directories. All source files must be absolute
- pathnames (starting with `/') unless the destina-
- tion files are in the current directory. This
- option produces an error message on systems that do
- not support symbolic links.
-
- _-_u_, _-_-_u_p_d_a_t_e
- Do not copy a nondirectory that has an existing
- destination with the same or newer modification
- time.
-
- _-_v_, _-_-_v_e_r_b_o_s_e
- Print the name of each file before copying it.
-
- _-_x_, _-_-_o_n_e_-_f_i_l_e_-_s_y_s_t_e_m
- Skip subdirectories that are on different filesys-
- tems from the one that the copy started on.
-
- _-_R_, _-_-_r_e_c_u_r_s_i_v_e
- Copy directories recursively.
-
- _-_-_h_e_l_p Print a usage message and exit with a non-zero sta-
- tus.
-
- _-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
- Print version information on standard error then
- exit.
-
- _-_S_, _-_-_s_u_f_f_i_x _b_a_c_k_u_p_-_s_u_f_f_i_x
- The suffix used for making simple backup files can
- be set with the SSIIMMPPLLEE__BBAACCKKUUPP__SSUUFFFFIIXX environment
- variable, which can be overridden by this option.
- If neither of those is given, the default is `~',
- as it is in Emacs.
-
- _-_V_, _-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n_-_c_o_n_t_r_o_l _{_n_u_m_b_e_r_e_d_,_e_x_i_s_t_i_n_g_,_s_i_m_p_l_e_}
- The type of backups made can be set with the VVEERR--
- SSIIOONN__CCOONNTTRROOLL environment variable, which can be
-
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- FSF GNU File Utilities 2
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- CP(1L) CP(1L)
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- overridden by this option. If VVEERRSSIIOONN__CCOONNTTRROOLL is
- not set and this option is not given, the default
- backup type is `existing'. The value of the VVEERR--
- SSIIOONN__CCOONNTTRROOLL environment variable and the argument
- to this option are like the GNU Emacs `version-
- control' variable; they also recognize synonyms
- that are more descriptive. The valid values are
- (unique abbreviations are accepted):
-
- `t' or `numbered'
- Always make numbered backups.
-
- `nil' or `existing'
- Make numbered backups of files that already
- have them, simple backups of the others.
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- `never' or `simple'
- Always make simple backups.
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- FSF GNU File Utilities 3
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