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GNU Info File
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1994-12-22
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49KB
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893 lines
This is Info file calc.info, produced by Makeinfo-1.55 from the input
file calc.texinfo.
This file documents Calc, the GNU Emacs calculator.
Copyright (C) 1990, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also
that the section entitled "GNU General Public License" is included
exactly as in the original, and provided that the entire resulting
derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice
identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that the section entitled "GNU General Public License"
may be included in a translation approved by the author instead of in
the original English.
File: calc.info, Node: Keypad Mode, Next: Embedded Mode, Prev: Kill and Yank, Up: Introduction
"Keypad" Mode
*************
The `M-# k' (`calc-keypad') command starts the Calculator and displays
a picture of a calculator-style keypad. If you are using the X window
system, you can click on any of the "keys" in the keypad using the left
mouse button to operate the calculator. The original window remains
the selected window; in keypad mode you can type in your file while
simultaneously performing calculations with the mouse.
If you have used `M-# b' first, `M-# k' instead invokes the
`full-calc-keypad' command, which takes over the whole Emacs screen and
displays the keypad, the Calc stack, and the Calc trail all at once.
This mode would normally be used when running Calc standalone (*note
Standalone Operation::.).
If you aren't using the X window system, you must switch into the
`*Calc Keypad*' window, place the cursor on the desired "key," and type
SPC or RET. If you think this is easier than using Calc normally, go
right ahead.
Calc commands are more or less the same in keypad mode. Certain
keypad keys differ slightly from the corresponding normal Calc
keystrokes; all such deviations are described below.
Keypad Mode includes many more commands than will fit on the keypad
at once. Click the right mouse button [`calc-keypad-menu'] to switch
to the next menu. The bottom five rows of the keypad stay the same;
the top three rows change to a new set of commands. To return to
earlier menus, click the middle mouse button [`calc-keypad-menu-back']
or simply advance through the menus until you wrap around. Typing TAB
inside the keypad window is equivalent to clicking the right mouse
button there.
You can always click the EXEC button and type any normal Calc key
sequence. This is equivalent to switching into the Calc buffer, typing
the keys, then switching back to your original buffer.
* Menu:
* Keypad Main Menu::
* Keypad Functions Menu::
* Keypad Binary Menu::
* Keypad Vectors Menu::
* Keypad Modes Menu::
File: calc.info, Node: Keypad Main Menu, Next: Keypad Functions Menu, Prev: Keypad Mode, Up: Keypad Mode
Main Menu
=========
|----+-----Calc 2.00-----+----1
|FLR |CEIL|RND |TRNC|CLN2|FLT |
|----+----+----+----+----+----|
| LN |EXP | |ABS |IDIV|MOD |
|----+----+----+----+----+----|
|SIN |COS |TAN |SQRT|y^x |1/x |
|----+----+----+----+----+----|
| ENTER |+/- |EEX |UNDO| <- |
|-----+---+-+--+--+-+---++----|
| INV | 7 | 8 | 9 | / |
|-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| HYP | 4 | 5 | 6 | * |
|-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
|EXEC | 1 | 2 | 3 | - |
|-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| OFF | 0 | . | PI | + |
|-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
This is the menu that appears the first time you start Keypad Mode. It
will show up in a vertical window on the right side of your screen.
Above this menu is the traditional Calc stack display. On a 24-line
screen you will be able to see the top three stack entries.
The ten digit keys, decimal point, and EEX key are used for entering
numbers in the obvious way. EEX begins entry of an exponent in
scientific notation. Just as with regular Calc, the number is pushed
onto the stack as soon as you press ENTER or any other function key.
The +/- key corresponds to normal Calc's `n' key. During numeric
entry it changes the sign of the number or of the exponent. At other
times it changes the sign of the number on the top of the stack.
The INV and HYP keys modify other keys. As well as having the
effects described elsewhere in this manual, Keypad Mode defines several
other "inverse" operations. These are described below and in the
following sections.
The ENTER key finishes the current numeric entry, or otherwise
duplicates the top entry on the stack.
The UNDO key undoes the most recent Calc operation. `INV UNDO' is
the "redo" command, and `HYP UNDO' is "last arguments" (`M-RET').
The <- key acts as a "backspace" during numeric entry. At other
times it removes the top stack entry. `INV <-' clears the entire
stack. `HYP <-' takes an integer from the stack, then removes that
many additional stack elements.
The EXEC key prompts you to enter any keystroke sequence that would
normally work in Calc mode. This can include a numeric prefix if you
wish. It is also possible simply to switch into the Calc window and
type commands in it; there is nothing "magic" about this window when
Keypad Mode is active.
The other keys in this display perform their obvious calculator
functions. CLN2 rounds the top-of-stack by temporarily reducing the
precision by 2 digits. FLT converts an integer or fraction on the top
of the stack to floating-point.
The INV and HYP keys combined with several of these keys give you
access to some common functions even if the appropriate menu is not
displayed. Obviously you don't need to learn these keys unless you
find yourself wasting time switching among the menus.
`INV +/-'
is the same as 1/x.
`INV +'
is the same as SQRT.
`INV -'
is the same as CONJ.
`INV *'
is the same as y^x.
`INV /'
is the same as INV y^x (the `x'th root of `y').
`HYP/INV 1'
are the same as SIN / `INV SIN'.
`HYP/INV 2'
are the same as COS / `INV COS'.
`HYP/INV 3'
are the same as TAN / `INV TAN'.
`INV/HYP 4'
are the same as LN / `HYP LN'.
`INV/HYP 5'
are the same as EXP / `HYP EXP'.
`INV 6'
is the same as ABS.
`INV 7'
is the same as RND (`calc-round').
`INV 8'
is the same as CLN2.
`INV 9'
is the same as FLT (`calc-float').
`INV 0'
is the same as IMAG.
`INV .'
is the same as PREC.
`INV ENTER'
is the same as SWAP.
`HYP ENTER'
is the same as RLL3.
`INV HYP ENTER'
is the same as OVER.
`HYP +/-'
packs the top two stack entries as an error form.
`HYP EEX'
packs the top two stack entries as a modulo form.
`INV EEX'
creates an interval form; this removes an integer which is one of
0 `[]', 1 `[)', 2 `(]' or 3 `()', followed by the two limits of
the interval.
The `OFF' key turns Calc off; typing `M-# k' or `M-# M-#' again has
the same effect. This is analogous to typing `q' or hitting `M-# c'
again in the normal calculator. If Calc is running standalone (the
`full-calc-keypad' command appeared in the command line that started
Emacs), then `OFF' is replaced with `EXIT'; clicking on this actually
exits Emacs itself.
File: calc.info, Node: Keypad Functions Menu, Next: Keypad Binary Menu, Prev: Keypad Main Menu, Up: Keypad Mode
Functions Menu
==============
|----+----+----+----+----+----2
|IGAM|BETA|IBET|ERF |BESJ|BESY|
|----+----+----+----+----+----|
|IMAG|CONJ| RE |ATN2|RAND|RAGN|
|----+----+----+----+----+----|
|GCD |FACT|DFCT|BNOM|PERM|NXTP|
|----+----+----+----+----+----|
This menu provides various operations from the `f' and `k' prefix keys.
IMAG multiplies the number on the stack by the imaginary number `i =
(0, 1)'.
RE extracts the real part a complex number. `INV RE' extracts the
imagina