In theory, every able-bodied Canadian was a militiaman; in fact, the Canadians accepted the duty, if not always cheerfully, at least willingly and with a sense of obligation. Under North American conditions the Canadians proved to be far better soldiers than the colonial regulars sent from France.
This watercolour by Henri Beau (1863-1949) illustrates the clothing of the militiaman. His garments were functional and had been adapted over many years in the forests and on the fur trade routes. During winter campaigns, heavier clothing was adopted in addition to deerskin boots, snowshoes, and a bear or deerskin for warmth while sleeping. Weapons included the musket, tomahawk and dagger. The difficulties of campaigns were relieved by a supply of refreshments such as brandy and tobacco. Few personal items were included in the militiaman's equipment but small objects such as a comb, needles and thread were carried in order to permit some maintenance of the individual and his clothing.
