The use of restraining devices was a source of controversy for nineteenth-century mental asylums. The case for non-restraint was put most forcefully by the British asylum doctor John Conolly, who at mid-century wrote two books arguing for the abolition of mechanical restraints so that patients could rediscover self-control and self-respect. Restraint seemed to violate the very essence of humane treatment, and most medical superintendents endorsed nonrestraint, in theory at least, viewing items such as cuffs and crib beds as cruel and anachronistic. In practice, however, mechanical devices were used to control unruly patients. As institutions became increasingly crowded with all types of inmates, attendants were forced to resort to a variety of expedients to deal with troublesome cases. Since knowledge of sedatives and tranquilizers was not yet well developed, mechanical restraints were frequently used to subdue patients. The items shown here are from Prince Edward Island's asylum built in 1879.
Courtesy: Prince Edward Island Public Archives (3109)
