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- THE WEEK, Page 16WORLDKabul Falls at Last But the War Isn't Over
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- Guerrillas move into the capital without a government to offer
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- After 14 years of civil strife, Afghanistan's mujahedin
- guerrillas have won, but their war may not be over yet. While
- many of the U.S.-supplied fighters say they are weary of battle
- and hope for peace, leaders of their various ethnic and
- religious factions are still struggling for power in whatever
- government next tries to rule the country.
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- Defying most Western predictions, Soviet-installed
- President Najibullah hung on for three years after Moscow's army
- pulled out. But as mujahedin forces led by Ahmad Shah Massoud
- marched on the capital of Kabul from the north, more and more
- of the government's army commanders went over to him, creating
- new coalitions in the field. Najibullah was forced to resign
- two weeks ago, and went into hiding.
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- Last week Massoud's troops moved into Kabul, where they
- met and mixed with thousands of guerrillas loyal to Gulbuddin
- Hekmatyar, who heads the main southern mujahedin unit. Most
- government troops and police surrendered without a fight, but
- rifle fire echoed over neighborhoods on the outskirts. Some of
- the shooting was celebratory, but some resulted from brief
- skirmishes between the factions.
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- Massoud, a member of Afghanistan's Tajik minority, had
- initially held his men out of the capital, partly to avoid chaos
- in the city of 1.5 million and partly to try to seal it off from
- Hekmatyar, his principal rival. Hekmatyar, an ethnic Pashtun and
- Islamic fundamentalist, had demanded that the rump government
- in Kabul surrender to him so that a strictly religious Muslim
- regime could be installed. Now both mujahedin forces are in the
- center of the city, including the grounds of the presidential
- palace, where even a small clash could spark another round of
- civil war.
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- Guerrilla leaders meeting in Peshawar, Pakistan, suggested
- a compromise. They proposed an interim council, with
- representatives from each of the 10 major guerrilla groups, to
- govern Afghanistan until elections could be held within a year.
- They instructed Massoud to take charge in Kabul until their
- arrival. The U.N. envoy to Afghanistan, Benon Sevan, asked all
- factions to set aside their differences and cooperate, but he
- was less than optimistic. "What they agree to in the morning,"
- he said, "they reject in the evening as if it were signed in
- invisible ink." Hekmatyar talked with Massoud for two hours by
- radio and then rejected the compromise plan.
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