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1993-04-08
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THE WEEK, Page 24HEALTH & SCIENCECork That Volcano
Ash and particles in the air seem to make the ozone hole worse
The primary cause of the hole in the Earth's protective ozone
layer is a group of man-made chemicals called
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), used in refrigerators, air
conditioners and plastic foams. The chlorine released when these
compounds decompose attacks ozone, letting dangerous ultraviolet
light from the sun shine through.
But a report in Nature suggests that nature can help the
process along. Ozone depletion was expected to be reasonably
mild in 1991; instead, it was severe. That year also saw major
eruptions by Mount Hudson in Chile and Mount Pinatubo in the
Philippines. Volcanoes release enormous amounts of dust. Dust,
along with ice crystals, provides surfaces where
ozone-destruction chemistry works most efficiently.
Unfortunately, while the industrial world is phasing out CFCs
before the turn of the century, other compounds are also ozone
destroyers -- and volcano control is somewhat farther off.