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- COVER STORIES, Page 20ELECTION `92The Days of Gridlock Come to an End
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- Democrats now control both ends of Pennsylvania Avenue
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- In a year when incumbent had become such a dirty word that one
- expected to hear it bleeped on TV talk shows, both parties were
- braced for a shake-out in Congress. It didn't happen. While
- voters put 105 new faces in Congress, the most since 1949, both
- houses remained firmly in Democratic hands. Democrats gained one
- seat in the Senate, while Republicans may pick up just 9 in the
- House -- far short of the 51 they needed to end 38 years of
- Democratic control. Ninety or more of the incoming 103rd
- Congress will be female, black or Hispanic, a record. But of 376
- incumbents who survived the primaries, only 27 lost on election
- night.
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- For a while during the campaign, Republicans thought they
- could transform voter disgust with a Democrat-controlled
- Congress into solid gains for themselves. Democrats, hoping Bill
- Clinton's coattails would hold down losses in the House while
- boosting their 57-43 Senate majority, came marginally closer to
- their goal. What is clear is that after years in which
- Republican Presidents faced off against Democratic majorities
- on Capitol Hill, legislative gridlock is over; the Democrats are
- in the driver's seat. But fasten your seat belts: it is not yet
- clear which way the new majority will go.
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- THE HOUSE REFURBISHED
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- Democrats may have retained their stronghold, and
- incumbents may still be around. But the stoops of Capitol Hill
- will have plenty of new welcome mats nonetheless. The notable
- number of black and Hispanic representatives is in large part
- a reflection of a strengthened Voting Rights Act, which
- scissored congressional districts to reflect more accurately
- America's complexion. The shift prompted Congressional Black
- Caucus chairman Edolphus Towns to declare this an "unprecedented
- moment in American history." In fact, a number of Southern
- states will send black members to the House for the first time
- since the turn of the century. Among the new faces: North
- Carolina Democrat Melvin Watt, a civil rights attorney, and
- Alcee Hastings, a Florida Democrat who managed to overcome the
- glaring taint of a 1989 House impeachment suffered during his
- tenure as a federal judge. To the north, one of the most
- talked-about new faces to join the House belongs to Illinois
- Democrat Bobby Rush, a former Black Panther whose radical
- history prompted his opponent, Jack Kemp conservative Jay
- Walker, to sneer, "He couldn't get a job at K Mart or
- McDonald's with his past record." Among the incumbents to
- survive this election year's vitriolic volleyball, sharp-tongued
- minority whip Newt Gingrich won a tough Georgia race against
- political neophyte Tony Center. Other household familiars
- heading back to the Hill include Speaker Tom Foley, who captured
- a healthy majority in his Washington State district, and House
- Armed Services Committee chair Les Aspin of Wisconsin. And who
- will be counted among the missing persons in the 103rd Congress?
- Don't look for certain egregious abusers of the House bank:
- overdrafts took their toll on Ohio's Mary Rose Oakar and
- Minnesota's Gerry Sikorski, among others.
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- THE SENATE SURVIVES
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- Contrary to most forecasts, this election was blustery but
- not disastrous for Senate incumbents. Voters were choosy in
- repudiating their Senators, sending home only three incumbents:
- Republicans John Seymour of California and Bob Kasten of
- Wisconsin and Democrat Terry Sanford of North Carolina. Fourteen
- members of the Democratic majority won re-election, as did 10
- Republicans. In one of the most closely watched and
- emotion-laden races, Pennsylvanian Arlen Specter barely
- prevailed over Democrat Lynn Yeakel, a political tyro whose
- campaign got much of its energy from the outrage generated by
- Specter's surly grilling of Anita Hill last fall. In Ohio
- formerly untouchable Democrat John Glenn, tainted by links to
- the savings and loan scandal, survived the race of his life
- against Republican Lieutenant Governor Mike DeWine. One of the
- nation's most negative campaigns drove New York Republican
- Alfonse D'Amato, known because of his attention to constituent
- complaints as "Senator Pothole," to spend $6.3 million in a
- successful attempt to outsleaze state attorney general Robert
- Abrams, whom he labeled a "bigot." Arizona Republican John
- McCain, also sullied by the S&L mess, nevertheless breezed to
- re-election.
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- Yet beyond the minuscule numerical gain by the majority --
- one seat -- the new Senate may move further to the left.
- Newcomers include liberal and moderate Democrats like Colorado
- rancher and Cheyenne tribe member Ben Nighthorse Campbell, the
- first-ever Native American Senator, Wisconsin maverick state
- senator Russ Feingold, and a forward platoon of the women's
- movement: Illinois' Carol Moseley Braun, Washington's Patty
- Murray and California's Dianne Feinstein and Barbara Boxer --
- four women who rode to victory on liberal issues such as
- pro-choice, workplace parity for women and civil rights.
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