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1991-07-20
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FDFORMAT - Format Disks with higher Capacity
LICENSE
-------
This program is a public-domain product for private and educational
use. You may freely copy and use it without any charge.
This program must not be sold for profit. An adaequate fee may be
requested for copying, shipping and handling when redistributing this
program.
You may modify and improve this program, but the executable program
must show a message that your version has been modified.
If you find, that this program is worth contributing for it, do not
hesitate to send cash, check, 3½"-diskettes or something else.
THANKS
------
Special thanks to the following people:
Jochen Roderburg: For suggestions and improvements to support
compatibility with several BIOS-Versions.
Michael Ho: For an improvement in sector sliding.
Joel Armengaud: For supporting automatic detection of 720 kByte
diskettes in FDREAD.
Jörg-Stefan Sell: For supporting an interface routine to less
compatible XT computers.
Michael D. Lawler: For lots of suggestions of improvemnts.
Peter Summers: For an improvement in FDREAD/FDR88
COMMENTS AND PROBLEMS
---------------------
Comments, improvements, suggestions and problems may be sent to
the Author
Christoph H. Hochstätter
Carl-Strehl-Strasse 20
D-3550 Marburg
West-Germany
Phone: +49 6421 14618 (voice/BTX)
E-Mail: HAMPE2@DMRHRZ11.BITNET (Bitnet/Internet)
Christoph Hochstaetter on 2:243/22 (Fido)
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
-------------------
IBM or compatible Computer
DOS 3.20 or above
FEATURES OF FDFORMAT
--------------------
FDFORMAT is a replacement for the DOS-Format program, which has the
following advantages:
1) Supporting 3½"-1.44 MB drives with any BIOS-Versions in ATs and
Clones. This saves you a lot of money, you would need for a new
BIOS-Version.
2) Formatting and using of 720/820 kByte disks in AT 5¼"-1.2 MByte
Drives using cheap double-density (DD) disks.
3) Increasing the capacity of your disks up to 300 kByte additional
storage.
4) Supporting 3½"-360 kByte format. This is useful, when you want to
make copies of 5¼"-disks to 3½"-Disks using DISKCOPY
5) Enhance speed of your diskette I/O up to 100% with sector sliding.
This is a method of physical ordering sectors in a way, that your
drive is ready to read the next logical sector, when your head
advances one track.
6) Improved BOOT-Sector, which automatically boots from harddisk, if
the diskette in drive A: is not a system disk. This allows you to
leave the diskette in drive A:, when you reboot the system.
GETTING STARTED
---------------
To make full use of FDFORMAT, you have to make a small TSR resident in
memory. There are two different TSRs for XT-computers and AT-
computers. 80386/80486 machines are treated as AT computers here. The
TSR for AT computers is FDREAD.EXE and for XT computers it is
FDR88.EXE. Both TSRs use less than 200 Bytes resident memory.
To make FDREAD (or FDR88) resident simply type FDREAD (or FDR88) from
the DOS-Command-Line. Or install it in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. If you
have a memory-manager installed, that supports UMB (like QEMM, QRAM,
mov'em or 386-Max), do not load FDREAD (or FDR88) high. The TSR
automatically detects the memory manager and will load high itself.
FDREAD will also automatically load high on computers with a 286(!!!)
processor and up, if DOS 5 or higher is used. You must have HIMEM.SYS
(or another XMS-Driver) installed and put DOS=HIGH in your CONFIG.SYS
file. Since this technique of high-loading is quite tricky, you must
ensure, that FDREAD is loaded before any program that plays with the
A20 line and grabs the Interrupt 13 (Hex). This is the case for some
disk-caching programs like HYPERDISK(TM). If you are using a disk-
caching program, load FDREAD before the caching program. Also, if the
system hangs, after you installed FDREAD, load FDREAD as the first
TSR.
If you get the error "Too much memory available". You must load FDREAD
twice to avoid this error.
The TSR is required to support diskette formats, which are non-
standard under DOS. If you intend to use FDFORMAT only with DOS-
standard-diskette-formats, you do not need FDREAD (or FDR88).
Note, that it is not possible to create bootable diskettes, which
require the TSR. It may also be possible, that a format, which can be
read without the TSR on your computer, will fail on another computer.
If you are creating bootable diskettes, it is recommended only to use
DOS-standard-formats.
USING FDFORMAT
--------------
The general Syntax for FDFORMAT is:
FDFORMAT <drive> [options]
<drive> may be A: or B:. FDFORMAT does not format harddisks. Options
begin with a letter or number. Options may be preceeded by '/' or '-'.
If you do not preceed options with '/' or '-', you must seperate the
options with spaces. '.' and ':' are always ignored. So the following
commands will all format a 1.44 MByte Disk in Drive A:
FDFORMAT A: /F:1.44
FDFORMAT A: -F144
FDFORMAT A: F144
You may precede all numbers with a $-sign to indicate, that they are
hexadecimal numbers.
OPTIONS USED IN FDFORMAT
------------------------
The most important option is the F-Option. The F-Option determines the
general Format, which is used for the target diskette.
The following table shows, which parameters are allowed for the F-
Options and for which type of Disk-Drive:
F-Opt Format 360k-Drive 720k-Drive 1.2M-Drive 1.44M-Drive
----- --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------
F160 160 kByte Disk yes FDREAD yes FDREAD
F180 180 kByte Disk yes FDREAD yes FDREAD
F200 200 kByte Disk FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD
F205 205 kByte Disk FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD
F320 320 kByte Disk yes FDREAD yes FDREAD
F360 360 kByte Disk yes FDREAD yes FDREAD
F400 400 kByte Disk FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD
F410 410 kByte Disk FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD
F720 720 kByte Disk no yes FDREAD yes
F800 800 kByte Disk no FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD
F820 820 kByte Disk no FDREAD FDREAD FDREAD
F120 1.2 MByte Disk no no yes yes
F12 1.2 MByte Disk no no yes yes
F144 1.44 MByte Disk no no FDREAD yes
F14 1.44 MByte Disk no no FDREAD yes
F148 1.48 MByte Disk no no FDREAD yes
F16 1.6 MByte Disk no no no FDREAD
F164 1.64 MByte Disk no no no FDREAD
F168 1.68 MByte Disk no no no FDREAD
F172 1.72 MByte Disk no no no FDREAD
FDREAD in the above table means, that this format will work only, if
FDREAD (or FDR88) is installed. You may find out, that this table will
not be valid for your table and that you can use certain diskette
formats without FDREAD (or FDR88), that are listed to work with FDREAD
(or FDR88) only.
The other options are:
1 : Format single sided Disk (provided for DOS-FORMAT
compatibility).
4 : Format Standard 360 kByte Disk (provided for DOS-FORMAT
compatibility).
8 : Format 8 sector Disk (provided for DOS-FORMAT compatibility).
A : Use BIOS-Calls only to switch to different diskette types.
Bnnn : Use Disk-Type Byte nnn (for use with older BIOS Versions).
Cnnn : Use nnn Sectors per Cluster (nnn = 1 or 2).
Dnnn : Use nnn Root-Directory-Entries (nnn = 1-224).
Gnnn : Use Gap-Length of nnn (for use by experts only).
Hnnn : Use nnn heads (nnn = 1 or 2).
Innn : Use an Interleave of nnn (for use by experts only).
K : Do not wait for any keyboard input, when starting FDFORMAT.
(Useful, when starting FDFORMAT from batch files).
Mnnn : Use Media Byte nnn (Useful for ATARI formats).
Mnnn : Use Media-Descriptor-Byte nnn. (Useful when formatting ATARI ST
disks).
Nnnn : Use nnn Sectors.
O