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Covenant Signs: Circumcision & Baptism
by
Michael Schiffman
. The symbol of baptism points to that which the community sees as
saving, to the sacrificial death of the Messiah. This sacrament is
not presented in scripture as saving, but they point to what does
save. In I Cor. 1:14-17, Saul teaches that Baptism is not the
priority of his ministry, but rather the preaching of the gospel of
the atoning death of the Messiah.
. In I Cor. 10:1-12, Saul draws an analogy between the people in
the exodus who passed through the waters of the Red Sea but dropped
dead in the wilderness, and baptism. His teaching is that sacraments
do not save. They only direct people to a greater spiritual reality
and believers must partake of the reality to which the sacrament
points. This was the understanding of Augustine.
. "If a member is cut off from the body it may still be recognized
for what it is, finger, hand, arm, ear. Apart from the body, it has
form, but no life. It is the same with a man who is separated from
the church. You ask him about the sacrament? You find it there.
Baptism? You find it. The creed? You find it. But it is only the
form. Unless you live inwardly by the Spirit, it is vain to boast
outwardly about the form." (Sermon 268)
. Messianic believers understand baptism as symbolic of the work of
the Messiah, pointing to His death, burial and resurrection, and our
being united with Him.
. "We believe that water baptism is based on Jewish ritual
immersion but under the New Covenant it symbolizes the work of the
Messiah (Rom 6:3-6). The Lord's supper is based on the Passover Seder
and is a memorial of the Messiah's death until He returns. They are
ceremonies of the New Covenant which the Messiah commanded His body to
observe." (Matthew 28:19; 1 Cor. 11:24-26)
. Because baptism is, in one sense, an entrance ritual into the
community of faith, some have understood it as a Christian counterpart
to circumcision. They understand baptism as analogous to circumcision
as the sign of faith, based upon Colossians 2:11-15, and since
circumcision is practiced on children, they baptize children. Against
this view is the absence of any direct reference to infant baptism.
Messianic Jews do not practice infant baptism, nor is baptism seen as
analogous to circumcision, in regards to a rite for children.
Messianic Jews practice the rite of circumcision on their male
offspring, because of the Abrahamic covenant, which preceded the Law
of Moses. Circumcision is a birthright of Messianic Jews.
. "My covenant in your flesh is to be an everlasting covenant. Any
uncircumcised male, who has not been circumcised in the flesh, will be
cut off from his people. He has broken My covenant." (Gen. 17:13b-14)
. Baptism is understood to be a powerful symbol of the death and
burial of the old person in the Messiah, and going forth in newness of
life. It is a sign of the grace of God. Circumcision is a sign of
being a descendant of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. They are two
different things. They are analogous in that circumcision takes place
following birth (on the eighth day). Baptism is practiced following
the new birth, both being signs of the covenants they represent. They
differ in two main respects: first, circumcision is only for men,
while baptism is for all believers. Secondly, it is possible to be a
participant in the New Covenant without being baptized, since it is
not necessary to salvation, but it is impossible for a man to be a
participant in the Abrahamic covenant without circumcision
(Gen.17:14). They are different covenants with different meanings.
Because this analogy can not be properly made, this calls the concept
of infant baptism into question as least on the basis of the
circumcision analogy. (It can be seen as a Christian circumcision, but
not a replacement of believer's baptism).
. What do you the reader think? Are you ready to "plunge"
into a discussion of this topic?
Computers for Christ - Chicago