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M9610004.TXT
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Document 0004
DOCN M9610004
TI Removal of anti-human immunodeficiency virus 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside
monophosphates from DNA by a novel human cytosolic 3'-->5' exonuclease.
DT 9601
AU Skalski V; Liu SH; Cheng YC; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University
School of Medicine,; New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
SO Biochem Pharmacol. 1995 Sep 7;50(6):815-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96021080
AB A 3'-->5' exonuclease has been highly purified from the cytosol of human
acute lymphoblastic leukemia H9 cells. The apparent molecular weight of
this enzyme was approximately 50,000, as indicated by its sedimentation
in glycerol gradients. The exonuclease did not copurify with DNA
polymerase activity, required MgCl2 for its exonucleolytic activity, and
was inhibited by KCl above 60 mM. The enzyme was active on
single-stranded DNA, DNA duplexes and DNA/RNA duplexes, and it was
efficient at removing 3'-terminal mispairs from DNA. The products of the
exonucleolytic reaction were deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphates. The
behavior of the exonuclease was examined on DNA terminated at the 3' end
with a variety of dideoxynucleosides that are potent against human
immunodeficiency virus type 1. The exonuclease has a broad substrate
specificity; however, the rate of the enzymatic reaction varied among
the D dideoxynucleosides tested (ddAMP = ddCMP > d4TMP > AZTMP).
Similarly, the enzyme was examined for its reactivity with DNA
terminated by either the D or L enantiomers of ddC, SddC or FddC. The
removal of analogs with the native D configuration was at least 6-fold
more rapid than that of the L-compounds, and the type of structural
modification had an impact on the rate at which the D enantiomers were
removed (SddCMP > ddCMP > FddCMP). The monophosphate forms of AZT, D4T,
L-FddC and L-ddC were potent inhibitors of the exonuclease at micromolar
concentrations, while D-ddCMP partially inhibited the enzyme at
millimolar concentrations. Based on its physical and enzymatic
properties, this exonuclease represents a novel enzyme that may have an
important role in determining the relative potencies of
dideoxynucleosides against human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
DE Antiviral Agents/*METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY Base Sequence Cell Line
Comparative Study Cytosol/*ENZYMOLOGY
Dideoxynucleosides/*METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY DNA,
Single-Stranded/*METABOLISM Exonucleases/CHEMISTRY/ISOLATION &
PURIF/*METABOLISM Human HIV-1/*DRUG EFFECTS/METABOLISM Molecular
Sequence Data Phosphates/METABOLISM Stavudine/METABOLISM
Stereoisomers Substrate Specificity Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Virus
Replication/DRUG EFFECTS Zalcitabine/ANALOGS & DERIVATIVES/METABOLISM
Zidovudine/METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).