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M9610674.TXT
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Document 0674
DOCN M9610674
TI Interleukin-12.
DT 9601
AU Germann T; Rude E; Institute for Immunology, Mainz, Germany.
SO Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1995 Oct;108(2):103-12. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/96021091
AB Interleukin (IL)-12 was originally identified as a factor produced by
human Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell lines. It was detected by
one group as cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor, a cytokine that
synergized with IL-2 in the induction of lymphokine-activated killer
cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A second group characterized it as a
natural killer (NK) cell stimulatory factor, due to the enhancement of
cytotoxicity and IFN-gamma synthesis by NK cells. Human IL-12 was
purified to homogeneity and cloned by both groups. We had identified a
murine factor, provisionally termed T cell-stimulating factor (TSF),
which was involved in the proliferation, synthesis of IFN-gamma and cell
adhesion of CD4+ Th1 cells. TSF was produced in the antigen-specific
interaction between Th1 cells and macrophages as antigen-presenting
cells, partially purified from supernatants of such cultures, and shown
to be identical to IL-12. Monocytes/macrophages appear to be the major
source of IL-12. It is rapidly produced by phagocytic cells after
stimulation with several bacteria/bacterial products and other
microorganisms. In the light of its effects on NK cells as well as CD4+
and CD8+ T cells, IL-12 can be regarded as a cytokine that connects the
innate immune system with the acquired immunity. IL-12 has a broad range
of activities already reviewed in three papers. These include the
regulation of cytokine synthesis and proliferation of T and NK cells,
the promotion of Th1 cell development, the differentiation of CD8+ T
cells and effects on hematopoiesis. When applied in vivo, IL-12 was
shown to enhance the resistance to bacterial and parasitic infections,
to promote antitumor immunity, and to influence antiviral responses
including HIV in vivo or in vitro. This review will briefly summarize
these effects, but mainly focus on recent results concerning the
regulation of the production and the activity of IL-12, its role in the
differentiation of Th cells and the implications for delayed- and
immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions, its importance for
organ-specific autoimmune diseases, and the possible role of the
IL-12p40 homodimer as a specific inhibitor of the IL-12 heterodimer.
DE Animal Antibody Formation Autoimmune Diseases/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Cell
Differentiation Communicable Diseases/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Hematopoiesis
Human Hypersensitivity/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY
Interleukin-12/CHEMISTRY/*PHYSIOLOGY Killer Cells, Natural/PHYSIOLOGY
Receptors, Interleukin/PHYSIOLOGY Shock, Septic/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Signal
Transduction T-Lymphocytes/PHYSIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW,
ACADEMIC
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).