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1996-01-30
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Document 0783
DOCN M9610783
TI The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica.
DT 9601
AU Figueroa JP; Brathwaite A; Ward E; DuCasse M; Tscharf I; Nembhard O;
Williams E; Ministry of Health, Epidemiology Unit, Kingston, Jamaica.
SO AIDS. 1995 Jul;9(7):761-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96035240
AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica. METHODS: Data
from the national surveillance system for HIV infection and AIDS based
in the Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health, were reviewed. These
include case reports; HIV screening of blood donors, migrant farmworkers
and US visa applicants; sentinel surveillance among antenatal clinic
(ANC) attenders and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attenders;
and various serosurveys. RESULTS: A total of 669 AIDS cases were
reported in Jamaica from December 1993 representing a cumulative AIDS
case rate of 28 per 100,000 population. Since 1987 the annual AIDS case
rate doubled every 2 years with 69% of individuals having died with
AIDS. Heterosexual transmission predominates with the cumulative adult
AIDS male-to-female case ratio declining from 2.8:1 in 1988 to 1.9:1 in
1993. A total of 55 children with AIDS account for 8.2% of all cases.
The HIV infection rate per 1000 in 1993 was 3.8 among blood donors, 1.4
among ANC attenders and significantly higher among STD clinic attenders
(men 6%, women 2.7%), homosexuals (9.6%), female prostitutes (12%) and
individuals with repeat STD infections (10%). Consistent condom use
increased from 27% in 1989 to 47% in 1993. CONCLUSIONS: HIV infection
was introduced into Jamaica from abroad through several different routes
including the Jamaican homosexual community, migrant farmworkers, female
prostitutes, and informal commercial importers. HIV transmission is well
established locally and is spreading more rapidly in Western Jamaica and
along the North Coast, which may reflect increased sexual activity
associated with tourism. Although awareness of AIDS and HIV is high and
condom use has increased considerably, there are no grounds for
complacency concerning the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Jamaica.
DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
Adolescence Adult Blood Donors Child Child, Preschool *Disease
Outbreaks Female Human Infant Jamaica/EPIDEMIOLOGY Male Middle Age
Population Surveillance JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).