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Document 0301
DOCN M9620301
TI Natural selection on the gag, pol, and env genes of human
immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1).
DT 9602
AU Seibert SA; Howell CY; Hughes MK; Hughes AL; Department of Biology,
Pennsylvania State University, University; Park 16802, USA.
SO Mol Biol Evol. 1995 Sep;12(5):803-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
GENBANK/K03454
AB Natural selection on polymorphic protein-coding loci of human
immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), the more geographically widespread of
the two viruses causing human acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS), was studied by estimating the rates of nucleotide substitution
per site in comparisons among alleles classified in families of related
alleles on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis. In the case of gag,
pol, and gp41, the rate of synonymous substitution generally exceeded
that of nonsynonymous substitution, indicating that these genes are
subject to purifying selection. However, in the case of several of the
variable (V) regions of the gp120 gene, especially V2 and V3,
comparisons within and between families often showed a significantly
higher rate of nonsynonymous than of synonymous nucleotide substitution.
This pattern of nucleotide substitution indicates that positive
Darwinian selection has acted to diversify these regions at the amino
acid level. The V regions have been identified as probable epitopes for
antibody recognition; therefore, avoidance of such recognition seems
likely to be the basis for positive selection on these regions. By
contrast, regions of HIV-1 proteins identified as epitopes for T cell
recognition show no evidence of positive selection and are often highly
conserved at the amino acid level. These results suggest that selection
favoring avoidance of T cell recognition has not been a major factor in
the history of HIV-1 and thus that avoidance of T cell recognition is
not likely to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of AIDS.
DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/VIROLOGY Alleles Amino Acid
Sequence Comparative Study Epitopes/ANALYSIS *Genes, env *Genes, gag
*Genes, pol Human HIV Envelope Protein gp120/BIOSYNTHESIS/GENETICS
HIV Envelope Protein gp41/BIOSYNTHESIS/GENETICS HIV-1/*GENETICS
HIV-2/*GENETICS Molecular Sequence Data *Phylogeny *Selection
(Genetics) Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY
JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).