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1996-02-26
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Document 0391
DOCN M9620391
TI Mutagenic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr: role of a
predicted N-terminal alpha-helical structure in Vpr nuclear localization
and virion incorporation.
DT 9602
AU Yao XJ; Subbramanian RA; Rougeau N; Boisvert F; Bergeron D; Cohen EA;
Departement de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Faculte de; Medecine,
Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
SO J Virol. 1995 Nov;69(11):7032-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96013806
AB The Vpr gene product of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is a
virion-associated protein that is important for efficient viral
replication in nondividing cells such as macrophages. At the cellular
level, Vpr is primarily localized in the nucleus when expressed in the
absence of other viral proteins. Incorporation of Vpr into viral
particles requires a determinant within the p6 domain of the Gag
precursor polyprotein Pr55gag. In the present study, we have used
site-directed mutagenesis to identify a domain(s) of Vpr involved in
virion incorporation and nuclear localization. Truncations of the
carboxyl (C)-terminal domain, rich in basic residues, resulted in a less
stable Vpr protein and in the impairment of both virion incorporation
and nuclear localization. However, introduction of individual
substitution mutations in this region did not impair Vpr nuclear
localization and virion incorporation, suggesting that this region is
necessary for the stability and/or optimal protein conformation relevant
to these Vpr functions. In contrast, the substitution mutations within
the amino (N)-terminal region of Vpr that is predicted to adopt an
alpha-helical structure (extending from amino acids 16 to 34) impaired
both virion incorporation and nuclear localization, suggesting that this
structure may play a pivotal role in modulating both of these biological
properties. These results are in agreement with a recent study showing
that the introduction of proline residues in this predicted
alpha-helical region abolished Vpr virion incorporation, presumably by
disrupting this secondary structure (S. Mahalingam, S. A. Khan, R.
Murali, M. A. Jabbar, C. E. Monken, R. G. Collman, and A. Srinivasan,
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:3794-3798, 1995). Interestingly, our
results show that two Vpr mutants harboring single amino acid
substitutions (L to F at position 23 [L23F] and A30F) on the hydrophobic
face of the predicted helix coded for relatively stable proteins that
retained their ability to translocate to the nucleus but exhibited
dramatic reduction in Vpr incorporation, suggesting that this
hydrophobic face might mediate protein-protein interactions required for
Vpr virion incorporation but not nuclear localization. Furthermore, a
single mutation (E25K) located on the hydrophilic face of this predicted
alpha-helical structure affected not only virion incorporation but also
nuclear localization of Vpr. The differential impairment of Vpr nuclear
localization and virion incorporation by mutations in the predicted
N-terminal alpha-helical region suggests that this region of Vpr plays a
role in both of these biological functions of Vpr.
DE Amino Acid Sequence Base Sequence Cell Line Cell Nucleus/*METABOLISM
Cloning, Molecular Comparative Study DNA Primers Gene Products,
vpr/BIOSYNTHESIS/*CHEMISTRY/*METABOLISM *Genes, vpr Human HIV Long
Terminal Repeat HIV-1/*GENETICS/*PHYSIOLOGY Kinetics
Methionine/METABOLISM Molecular Sequence Data Mutagenesis,
Site-Directed Polymerase Chain Reaction Protein Conformation *Protein
Structure, Secondary Recombinant
Proteins/BIOSYNTHESIS/CHEMISTRY/METABOLISM Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Virion/GENETICS/PHYSIOLOGY Virus Replication JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).