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1996-02-26
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Document 0939
DOCN M9620939
TI Prolonged administration of low-dose interleukin-2 in human
immunodeficiency virus-associated malignancy results in selective
expansion of innate immune effectors without significant clinical
toxicity.
DT 9602
AU Bernstein ZP; Porter MM; Gould M; Lipman B; Bluman EM; Stewart CC;
Hewitt RG; Fyfe G; Poiesz B; Caligiuri MA; Department of Hematologic
Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer; Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
SO Blood. 1995 Nov 1;86(9):3287-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96027492
AB Ten adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated
malignancies (five with lymphoma and five with Kaposi's Sarcoma) were
treated with a daily subcutaneous injection of interleukin-2 (IL-2) for
90 consecutive days in a phase I dose-escalation study. Seven patients
had absolute CD4 counts below 200/mm3 at the time malignancy was
diagnosed. Each lymphoma patient had obtained a complete or partial
remission with standard chemotherapy before initiating IL-2. The daily
dose of IL-2 did not change during the 90-day course of therapy.
Seventeen courses of IL-2 therapy were completed at doses ranging from
0.4 x 10(6) U/m2/d to 1.2 x 10(6) U/m2/d without significant (grade III)
toxicity. Two of two patients experienced grade III toxicity within 21
days of initiating IL-2 at a dose of 1.4 x 10(6) U/m2/d, but both
patients subsequently completed 90 days of therapy at the maximum
tolerated dose (MTD) of 1.2 x 10(6) U/m2/d. Although there were no
significant increases or decreases in T-cell subsets at any dose level,
there was an increase in absolute natural killer (NK) cell number at the
three highest doses of IL-2 (mean percent increase 247; 95% confidence
interval, 124 to 369) that was statistically significant (Wilcoxon
one-sample signed rank test, P = .015). One patient developed an
anti-IL-2 antibody titer that correlated with minimal NK cell expansion
in vitro and in vivo. An increase in eosinophils was noted during 9 of
17 courses of IL-2 therapy without correlation to IL-2 dose, prior
course of IL-2, or NK cell expansion. At the MTD, there was no
consistent increase in the plasma HIV RNA level over time. Three of 10
patients had progressive disease while on study. During 50 months of
IL-2 therapy, no patient was treated for an opportunistic infection. We
conclude that daily low dose subcutaneous IL-2 can be self-administered
safely with good compliance for prolonged periods of time to patients
with HIV-associated malignancies, including those with profound immune
deficiency. The majority of patients show selective expansion of innate
immune effectors, ie, NK cells and/or eosinophils, in the absence of
significant clinical toxicity or increased viral burden. These results
suggest that low-dose IL-2 therapy should be studied further in phase II
clinical trials for evidence of activity against malignancy and
opportunistic infection in this patient population.
DE Adult Biological Response Modifiers/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/ADVERSE
EFFECTS/*THERAPEUTIC USE Drug Administration Schedule
Eosinophils/IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV Infections/*COMPLICATIONS
*Immunotherapy Injections, Subcutaneous Interleukin-2/ADMINISTRATION &
DOSAGE/ADVERSE EFFECTS/ *THERAPEUTIC USE Killer Cells,
Natural/IMMUNOLOGY Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/IMMUNOLOGY/*THERAPY Male
Middle Age Recombinant Proteins/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/ADVERSE
EFFECTS/ THERAPEUTIC USE Sarcoma,
Kaposi's/ETIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY/*THERAPY Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support,
U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Treatment Outcome CLINICAL TRIAL CLINICAL TRIAL,
PHASE I JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).