CP/M/CPM_CDROM.iso/mbug/mbug086.arc/CBASIC.HZP/CBASIC.HLP

Text File | 1979-12-31 | 14KB | 392 lines

CBASIC in General
CBASIC Compile-Time Toggled Options
Compiler Error Messages
Run-Time Error Messages -- Warnings
Run-Time Error Messages -- Error Codes
CBASIC Reserved Words
:CBASIC:  CBASIC in General

     CBASI├á i≤á ß compile≥ BASI├ whicΦ ma∙ bσ executeΣ oε an∙ flopp∙á disδ ì
baseΣá CP/═ systeφ havinτ a⌠ leas⌠ 20╦ byte≤ oµ memory«á  Iε orde≥ t∩á makσ ì
thσá bes⌠ usσ oµ thσ powe≥ anΣ flexibilit∙ oµ CBASIC¼á ß dua∞á flopp∙á disδ ì
systeφá anΣ a⌠ leas⌠ 32╦ oµ memor∙ i≤ recommended«á  Iµ CBASI├ i≤á executeΣ ì
in a system smaller than 20K, a CP/M LOAD ERROR may occur.

     Thσ CBASI├ systeφ consist≤ oµ tw∩ program≤ -- CBASI├ anΣ CRUN«  CBASI├ ì
i≤ thσ compiler¼á anΣ CRU╬ i≤ thσ run-timσ intepreter«  Iε ß typica∞ CBASI├ ì
session¼á thσ use≥ wil∞ writσ thσ prograφ usinτ ED¼ compilσ i⌠ usinτ CBASI├ ì
(with the $B option to suppress listing), and run it using CRUN.

     Refer to the 84-page CBASIC manual --

                                C B A S I C
                          A Commercially Oriented
                        Compiler/Interpreter BASIC
                           Language Facility for
                               CP/M Systems

                             February 17, 1978
:CBASIC:  CBASIC Compile-Time Toggled Options

     Compile≥á toggle≤á arσ ß serie≤ oµ switche≤ tha⌠ caε bσ se⌠á wheεá thσ ì
compile≥á i≤á executed«á  Thσ toggle≤ arσ se⌠ b∙ typinτ ßá dollar-sigεá ($⌐ ì
followeΣá b∙á thσ lette≥ designation≤ oµ thσ desireΣ toggle≤á startinτá onσ ì
spacσ o≥ morσ afte≥ thσ prograφ namσ oε thσ commanΣ line«  Toggle≤ ma∙ onl∙ ì
be set for the compiler.

     Examples of compiler toggles and invocation forms are --
          CBASIC INVENTRY $BGF
          B:CBASIC A:COMPARE $GEC
          CBASIC PAYROLL $B
          CBASIC B:VALIDATE $E

                          CBASIC Compiler Toggles

     TOGGL┼ B║  Suppresse≤ thσ listinτ oµ thσ prograφ oε thσ consolσ durinτ ì
compilation«á  Iµ aε erro≥ i≤ detected¼á thσ sourcσ linσ witΦ thσ erro≥ anΣ ì
thσá erro≥ messagσ wil∞ bσ printeΣ eveε iµ Togglσ ┬ i≤ set«á  Togglσ ┬ doe≤ ì
not affect listing to the printer (Toggle F) or disk file (Toggle G).
     Toggle B is initially off.

     TOGGL┼á C║á  Suppresse≤ thσ generatioε oµ aε IN╘ file«á Engaginτá thi≤ ì
togglσá wil∞á providσ ß synta° checδ withou⌠ thσ overheaΣá oµá writinτá thσ ì
intermediatσ file.
     Toggle C is initially off.

     TOGGL┼ D║  Suppresse≤ translatioε oµ lower-casσ letter≤ t∩ upper-case«  ì
Fo≥ example¼á iµ Togglσ ─ i≤ on¼á 'AMTº wil∞ no⌠ refe≥ t∩ thσ samσ variablσ ì
as 'amt'.
     Toggle D is initially off.


     TOGGL┼á E║  Cause≤ thσ run-timσ prograφ (CRUN⌐ t∩ accompan∙ an∙á erro≥ ì
message≤ witΦ thσ CBASI├ linσ numbe≥ iε whicΦ thσ erro≥ occurred«  Togglσ ┼ ì
mus⌠á bσ se⌠ iε orde≥ fo≥ thσ TRAC┼ optioε (seσ sectioε 13.┤ oµ thσ manual⌐ ì
to work.
     Toggle E is initially off.

     TOGGL┼á F║á  Cause≤ thσ compile≥ outpu⌠ listinτ t∩ bσ printeΣá oεá thσ ì
LST: device in addition to the system console.
     Toggle F is initially off.

     TOGGL┼á G║á  Cause≤á thσá compile≥ outpu⌠ listinτá t∩á bσá writteεá t∩ ì
diskette«á  Thσá filσ containinτ thσ compile≥ listinτ ha≤ thσ samσ namσá a≤ ì
the .BAS file, but its type is .LST.
     Toggle G is initially off.
:CBASIC:  Compiler Error Messages

                               Text Messages

NO SOURCE FILE:  <FILENAME>.BAS
     Thσá compile≥ coulΣ no⌠ locatσ ß sourcσ filσ useΣ iε eithe≥á ßá CBASI├ ì
command or an INCLUDE directive.

PROGRAM CONTAINS n UNMATCHED FOR STATEMENT(S)
     There are n FOR statements for which a NEXT could not be found.

PROGRAM CONTAINS n UNMATCHED WHILE STATEMENT(S)
     There are n WHILE statements for which a WEND could not be found.

WARNING:  INVALID CHARACTER IGNORED
     Thσ previou≤ linσ contain≤ aε invaliΣ ASCI╔ character╗á thi≤ characte≥ ì
is ignored by the compiler, and a question mark is printed in its place.



                           2-Letter Error Codes

CE -- Close Error
     The intermediate (.INT) file could not be closed.

DE -- Disk Error
     A disk error occurred while trying to read the .BAS file.

DF -- Disk Full
     Therσá wa≤ n∩ spacσ oε thσ disδ o≥ thσ disδ director∙ wa≤á full«á  Thσ ì
.INT file was not created.

DL -- Duplicate Line number
     Thσ samσ linσ numbe≥ wa≤ useΣ oε tw∩ differen⌠ lines«á  Othe≥ compile≥ ì
error≤á ma∙á causσ ß D╠ erro≥ messagσ t∩ bσ printeΣ eveε iµ duplicatσá linσ ì
numbers do not exist.

DP -- Defined Previously
     A variable in a DIM statement was previously defined.


EF -- Exponential Format
     ┴ numbe≥ iε exponentia∞ forma⌠ wa≤ inpu⌠ witΦ n∩ digit≤ followinτá thσ ì
E.

FD -- Function Definition
     ┴ functioε namσ tha⌠ ha≤ beeε previousl∙ defineΣ i≤ beinτ redefineΣ iε ì
a DEF statement.

FI -- FOR Index
     Aεá expressioε whicΦ i≤ no⌠ aε unsubscripteΣ numeriπ variablσ i≤ beinτ ì
used as a FOR loop index.

FN -- Function parameter Number
     A function reference contains an incorrect number of parameters.

FP -- Function Parameter type
     ┴ functioε referencσ paramete≥ typσ doe≤ no⌠ matcΦ thσ paramete≥á typσ ì
used in the function's DEF statement.


FU -- Function Undefined
     A function has been referenced before it has been defined.

IE -- IF Expression
     Aεá expressioεá useΣá immediatel∙ followinτ aε I╞á evaluate≤á t∩á typσ ì
string.  Only type numeric is permitted.

IF -- In File
     ┴á variablσá useΣá iε ß FIL┼ statemen⌠ i≤ oµ typσ numeriπá wherσá typσ ì
string is required.

IP -- Input Prompt
     An input prompt string is not surrounded by quotes.

IS -- Invalid Subscript
     A subscripted variable was referenced before it was dimensioned.

IU -- Invalid Use
     A variable defined as an array is used with no subscripts.


MF -- Mixed Format
     An expression evaluates to type string when type numeric is required.

MM -- Mixed Mode
     Variable≤á oµá typσ strinτ anΣ typσ numeriπ arσ combineΣ iεá thσá samσ ì
expression.

NI -- NEXT Index
     ┴ variablσ referenceΣ b∙ ß NEX╘ statemen⌠ doe≤ no⌠ matcΦ thσá variablσ ì
referenced by the associated FOR statement.

NU -- NEXT Unexpected
     A NEXT statement occurs without an associated FOR statement.

OO -- ON Overflow
     More than 25 ON statements were used in the program.


SE -- Syntax Error
     The source line contains a syntax error.

SN -- Subscript Number
     A subscripted variable contains an incorrect number of subscripts.

SO -- Syntax Overflow
     Thσá expressioε i≤ to∩ comple° anΣ shoulΣ bσ simplifieΣ anΣ placeΣá oε ì
more than one line.

TO -- Table Overflow
     Thσá prograφá i≤á to∩á largσ fo≥ thσá system«á  Thσá prograφá mus⌠á bσ ì
simplified or the system size increased.

UL -- Undefined Line number
     A line number that does not exist has been referenced.

US -- Undefined String
     A string has been terminated by a carriage return rather than quotes.


VO -- Variable Overflow
     Variable names are too long for one statement.
     This should not occur.

WE -- WHILE Error
     The expression immediately following a WHILE statement is not numeric.

WU -- WHILE Undefined
     A WEND statement occurs without an associated WHILE statement.
:CBASIC:  Run-Time Error Messages -- Warnings

     Tw∩ textua∞ run-timσ erro≥ message≤ arσ presenteΣ b∙ CRUN:

NO INTERMEDIATE FILE
     ┴á filσ namσ wa≤ no⌠ specifieΣ witΦ thσ CRU╬ command¼á o≥ n∩á filσá oµ ì
typσ .IN╘ anΣ thσ specifieΣ filσ namσ wa≤ founΣ oε disk.

IMPROPER INPUT - REENTER
     Thi≤á messagσá occur≤ wheε thσ field≤ entereΣ froφ thσ consolσ d∩á no⌠ ì
matcΦá thσá fielΣ specifieΣ iε thσ INPU╘ statement«á  Thi≤ caεá occu≥á wheε ì
fielΣ type≤ d∩ no⌠ matcΦ o≥ thσ numbe≥ oµ field≤ entereΣ i≤ differen⌠á froφ ì
thσá numbe≥á oµá field≤á specified«á  Al∞ field≤á specifieΣá b∙á thσá INPU╘ ì
statemen⌠ mus⌠ bσ reentered.

                     2-Letter Warning Codes

DZ -- Divide by Zero
     ┴ numbe≥ wa≤ divideΣ b∙ zero«á  Thσ resul⌠ i≤ se⌠ t∩ thσ larges⌠ valiΣ ì
CBASI├ number.

FL -- Field Length
     ┴á fielΣá lengtΦ greate≥ thaε 25╡ byte≤ wa≤ encountereΣ durinτ ßá REA─ ì
LINE«  Onl∙ thσ firs⌠ 25╡ character≤ oµ thσ recorΣ arσ retained.

LN -- Logarithm error
     Thσá argumen⌠á giveε iε thσ LO╟ functioε wa≤ zer∩á o≥á negative«á  Thσ ì
valuσ oµ thσ argumen⌠ i≤ returned.

NE -- NEgative number
     ┴á negativσá numbe≥á wa≤á specifieΣ followinτ thσá raisσá t∩á ßá powe≥ ì
operato≥ (^)«  Thσ absolutσ valuσ i≤ useΣ iε thσ calculation.


OF -- OverFlow
     ┴ calculatioε produceΣ ß numbe≥ to∩ large«á  Thσ resul⌠ i≤ se⌠ o⌠á thσ ì
larges⌠ valiΣ CBASI├ number.

SQ -- SQuare root error
     ┴á negativσá numbe≥ wa≤ specifieΣ iε thσ SQ╥ function«á  Thσá absolutσ ì
valuσ i≤ used.
:CBASIC:  Run-Time Error Messages -- Error Codes

AC -- AsCii error
     Thσ strinτ useΣ a≤ thσ argumen⌠ iε aε AS├ functioε evaluateΣ t∩ ß nul∞ ì
string.

CE -- Close Error
     An error occurred upon closing a file.

CU -- Close Undefined file
     ┴ closσ statemen⌠ specifieΣ ß filσ numbe≥ tha⌠ wa≤ no⌠ active.

DF -- Defined File
     Aεá OPE╬ o≥ CREAT┼ wa≤ specifieΣ witΦ ß filσ numbe≥ tha⌠á wa≤á alread∙ ì
active.

DU -- Delete Undefined file
     ┴ DELET┼ statemen⌠ specifieΣ ß filσ numbe≥ tha⌠ wa≤ no⌠ active.


DW -- Disk Write error
     Aεá erro≥ occurreΣ whilσ writinτ t∩ ß file«á  Thi≤ occur≤ wheεá eithe≥ ì
thσ director∙ o≥ thσ disδ i≤ full.

EF -- End of File
     ┴á reaΣá pas⌠ thσ enΣ oµ filσ occurreΣ oε ß filσ fo≥ whicΦ n∩á I╞á EN─ ì
statemen⌠ ha≤ beeε executed.

ER -- Error in Record
     Aεá attemp⌠á wa≤á madσ t∩ writσ ß recorΣ oµ lengtΦá greate≥á thaεá thσ ì
maximuφá recorΣá sizσ specifieΣ iε thσ associateΣá OPEN¼á CREATE¼á o≥á FIL┼ ì
statement.

FR -- File Rename
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ renamσ ß filσ t∩ aε existinτ filσ name.

FU -- File Undefined
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ reaΣ o≥ writσ t∩ ß filσ tha⌠ wa≤ no⌠ active.


IR -- Invalid Record number
     A record number less than one was specified.

LW -- Line Width
     ┴á linσá widtΦá les≤ thaε ▒ o≥ greate≥ thaε 13│ wa≤á specifieΣá iεá aε ì
LPRINTE╥ WIDT╚ statement.


ME -- MAKE Error
     Aεá erro≥ occurreΣ whilσ creatinτ o≥ extendinτ ß filσ becausσ thσ disδ ì
director∙ wa≤ full.

MP -- MATCH Parameter
     Thσ thirΣ paramete≥ iε ß MATC╚ functioε wa≤ zer∩ o≥ negative.

NF -- Number of FILE
     Thσ filσ numbe≥ specifieΣ wa≤ les≤ thaε ▒ o≥ greate≥ thaε 20.


NM -- No Memory
     There was insufficient memory to load the program.

NN -- No Number field
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ prin⌠ ß numbe≥ witΦ ß PRIN╘ USIN╟ statemen⌠ bu⌠ ì
therσ wa≤ no⌠ ß numeriπ datß fielΣ iε thσ USIN╟ string.

NS -- No String field
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ prin⌠ ß strinτ witΦ ß PRIN╘ USIN╟ statemen⌠ bu⌠ ì
therσ wa≤ no⌠ ß strinτ fielΣ iε thσ USIN╟ string.

OD -- Overflow Data
     ┴á REA─á statemen⌠ wa≤ executeΣ witΦ n∩ DAT┴ available.

OE -- OPEN Error
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ OPE╬ ß filσ tha⌠ didn'⌠ exis⌠ anΣ fo≥ whicΦá n∩ ì
I╞ EN─ statemen⌠ haΣ beeε previousl∙ executed.


OI -- ON Index
     Thσá expressioεá specifieΣá iεá aε O╬ ..«á GOSU┬ o≥á aεá O╬á ..«á GOT╧ ì
statemen⌠á evaluateΣ t∩ ß numbe≥ les≤ thaε ▒ o≥ greate≥ thaε thσ numbe≥á oµ ì
linσ number≤ containeΣ iε thσ statement.

OM -- Overflow Memory
     The program ran out of memory during execution.

QE -- Quote Error
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ PRIN╘ t∩ ß filσ ß strinτ containinτ ß quotatioε ì
mark.

RE -- READ Error
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ reaΣ pas⌠ thσ enΣ oµ ß recorΣ iε ß fixeΣ file.

RG -- RETURN with no GOSUB
     A RETURN occurred for which there was no GOSUB.


RU -- Random Undefined
     ┴ randoφ reaΣ o≥ prin⌠ wa≤ attempteΣ t∩ othe≥ thaε ß fixeΣ file.

SB -- SuBscript
     Aεá arra∙ subscrip⌠ wa≤ useΣ whicΦ exceedeΣ thσ boundarie≤á fo≥á whicΦ ì
thσ arra∙ wa≤ defined.

SL -- String Length
     ┴ concatenatioε operatioε resulteΣ iε ß strinτ oµ morσ thaε 25╡ bytes.

SS -- SubString error
     Thσ seconΣ paramete≥ oµ ß MIDñ functioε wa≤ zer∩ o≥ negative.

TF -- Too many Files
     Aε attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ havσ morσ thaε 2░ activσ file≤ simultaneously.


TL -- TAB Length
     ┴á TA┬ statemen⌠ containeΣ ß paramete≥ les≤ thaε ▒ o≥ greate≥ thaε thσ ì
curren⌠ linσ width.

UN -- UNdefined edit string
     ┴ PRIN╘ USIN╟ statemen⌠ wa≤ executeΣ witΦ ß nul∞ edi⌠ string.

WR -- WRite error
     Aεá attemp⌠ wa≤ madσ t∩ writσ t∩ ß filσ afte≥ i⌠ haΣá beeεá read¼á bu⌠ ì
beforσ i⌠ haΣ beeε reaΣ t∩ thσ enΣ oµ thσ file.
:CBASIC:  CBASIC Reserved Words

                      CBASIC Reserved Words

          ABS       EQ        LEN       POS       STOP
          AND       EXP       LET       PRINT     STR$
          AS        FEND      LINE      RANDOMIZE SUB
          ASC       FILE      LOG       READ      TAB
          ATN       FOR       LPRINTER  RECL      TAN
          CALL      FRE       LT        REM       THEN
          CHR$      GE        MATCH     REMARK    TO
          CLOSE     GO        MID$      RENAME    USING
          CONSOLE   GOSUB     NE        RESTORE   VAL
          COS       GOTO      NEXT      RETURN    WEND
          CREATE    GT        NOT       RIGHT$    WHILE
          DATA      IF        ON        RND       WIDTH
          DEF       INP       OPEN      SGN       XOR
          DELETE    INPUT     OR        SIN
          DIM       INT       OUT       SIZE
          ELSE      LE        PEEK      SQR
          END       LEFT$     POKE      STEP