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VIRUS-L Digest Wednesday, 16 Aug 1989 Volume 2 : Issue 176
VIRUS-L is a moderated, digested mail forum for discussing computer
virus issues; comp.virus is a non-digested Usenet counterpart.
Discussions are not limited to any one hardware/software platform -
diversity is welcomed. Contributions should be relevant, concise,
polite, etc., and sent to VIRUS-L@IBM1.CC.LEHIGH.EDU. Information on
accessing anti-virus, document, and back-issue archives is distributed
periodically on the list. Administrative mail (comments, suggestions,
and so forth) should be sent to me at: krvw@SEI.CMU.EDU.
- Ken van Wyk
Today's Topics:
Swapping Virus (PC)
Response to query from A.Berman, Yale,8-14-89 (PC)
CERT Internet Security Advisory
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 15 Aug 89 20:36:50 +0300
From: "Yuval Tal (972)-8-474592" <NYYUVAL@WEIZMANN.BITNET>
Subject: Swapping Virus (PC)
+------------------------------------------------------+
| The "Swapping" virus |
+------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| Disassembled on: August, 1989 |
| |
| Disassembled by: Yuval Tal |
| |
| Disassembled using: ASMGEN and DEBUG |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------+
Important note: If you find *ANYTHING* that you think I wrote
incorrectly or is-understood something, please let me know ASAP.
You can reach me:
Bitnet: NYYUVAL@WEIZMANN
InterNet: NYYUVAL%WEIZMANN.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU
This text is divided into theree parts:
1) A report about the Swap Virus.
2) A disassembly of the Swap Virus.
3) How to install this virus?
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
R E P O R T
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
Virus Name..............: The Swap Virus
Attacks.................: Floppy-disks only
Virus Detection when....: June, 1989
at......: Israel
Length of virus.........: 1. The virus itself is 740 bytes.
2. 2048 bytes in RAM.
Operating system(s).....: PC/MS DOS version 2.0 or later
Identifications.........: A) Boot-sector:
1) Bytes from $16A in the boot sector are:
31 C0 CD 13 B8 02 02 B9 06 27 BA 00 01 CD 13
9A 00 01 00 20 E9 XX XX
2) The first three bytes in the boot sector are:
JMP 0196 (This is, if the boot sector was
loaded to CS:0).
B) FAT: Track 39 sectors 6-7 are marked as bad.
C) The message:
"The Swapping-Virus. (C) June, by the CIA"
is located in bytes 02B5-02E4 on track 39,
sector 7.
Type of infection.......: Stays in RAM, hooks int $8 and int $13.
A diskette is infected when it is inserted into the
drive and ANY command that reads or writes from/to
the diskette is executed. Hard disks are NOT infected
!
Infection trigger.......: The virus starts to work after 10 minutes.
Interrupt hooked........: $8 (Timer-Tick - Responsible for the letter dropping)
$13 (Disk Drive - Infects!)
Damage..................: Track 39 sectors 6-7 will be marked as bad in the
FAT.
Damage trigger..........: The damage is done whenever a diskette is infected.
Particularities.........: A diskette will be infected only if track 39 sectors
6-7 are empty.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| BitNet: NYYUVL@WEIZMANN CSNet: NYYUVAL@WEIZMANN.BITNET |
| InterNet: NYYUVAL%WEIZMANN.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU |
| |
| Yuval Tal |
| The Weizmann Institute Of Science "To be of not to be" -- Hamlet |
| Rehovot, Israel "Oo-bee-oo-bee-oo" -- Sinatra |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 15 Aug 89 16:51:00 -0500
From: LUCKSMITH%ALISUVAX.BITNET@IBM1.CC.Lehigh.Edu
Subject: Response to query from A.Berman, Yale,8-14-89 (PC)
The unknown virus that Andrew Berman referred to in his
submission of 14 Aug 89 sounds very much like one encountered here
within the last 90 days. Various names exist for it,
including Friday the 13th, Israeli, Jerusalem, Black Box and others.
The virus is a TSR type that infects .COM and .EXE files replicating
itself into the files (once only for .COM and repeatedly for .EXE).
(It will infect and replicate itself in ANY executible, no matter
the extension..check especially .OVL and .SYS)
The virus under certain circumstances will delete files from the disk
on Friday the 13th. Norton Utilities is capable of identifying the
infected files by searching for the hexadecimal string E9 92 00 73 55
4D 73 44. Those eight bytes invariably occurred in the virus found
here. A system can only be certified clean of the virus if the
system is cold-booted from a clean system and the source files to be
used are checked and found to be clean before they are used.
This virus is very contagious...during the cleanup and check phase we
infected FluShot+ more than once.
There is an article by Yisrael Radai, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, on the
"original" Israeli PC virus in April 1989 issue of Computers and Security
(UK publication, Elsevier Science Pub., Ltd. Vol.8, No. 2) and a paper
by Jim Goodwin on Israeli viruses, available from the moderator of this
forum.
Based on our recent experience, good luck, and happy cleaning.
David Rehbein, Thompson@alisuvax.bitnet
Marsha Luckett-Smithson, LuckSmith@alisuvax.bitnet
Ames Laboratory USDOE, Iowa State University
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 16 Aug 89 11:46:06 -0400
From: "Computer Emergency Response Team" <cert@SEI.CMU.EDU>
Subject: CERT Internet Security Advisory
Many computers connected to the Internet have recently experienced
unauthorized system activity. Investigation shows that the activity
has occurred for several months and is spreading. Several UNIX
computers have had their "telnet" programs illicitly replaced with
versions of "telnet" which log outgoing login sessions (including
usernames and passwords to remote systems). It appears that access
has been gained to many of the machines which have appeared in some of
these session logs. (As a first step, frequent telnet users should
change their passwords immediately.) While there is no cause for
panic, there are a number of things that system administrators can do
to detect whether the security on their machines has been compromised
using this approach and to tighten security on their systems where
necessary. At a minimum, all UNIX site administrators should do the
following:
o Test telnet for unauthorized changes by using the UNIX "strings"
command to search for path/filenames of possible log files. Affected
sites have noticed that their telnet programs were logging information
in user accounts under directory names such as "..." and ".mail".
In general, we suggest that site administrators be attentive to
configuration management issues. These include the following:
o Test authenticity of critical programs - Any program with access to
the network (e.g., the TCP/IP suite) or with access to usernames and
passwords should be periodically tested for unauthorized changes.
Such a test can be done by comparing checksums of on-line copies of
these programs to checksums of original copies. (Checksums can be
calculated with the UNIX "sum" command.) Alternatively, these
programs can be periodically reloaded from original tapes.
o Privileged programs - Programs that grant privileges to users (e.g.,
setuid root programs/shells in UNIX) can be exploited to gain
unrestricted access to systems. System administrators should watch
for such programs being placed in places such as /tmp and /usr/tmp (on
UNIX systems). A common malicious practice is to place a setuid shell
(sh or csh) in the /tmp directory, thus creating a "back door" whereby
any user can gain privileged system access.
o Monitor system logs - System access logs should be periodically
scanned (e.g., via UNIX "last" command) for suspicious or unlikely
system activity.
o Terminal servers - Terminal servers with unrestricted network access
(that is, terminal servers which allow users to connect to and from
any system on the Internet) are frequently used to camouflage network
connections, making it difficult to track unauthorized activity.
Most popular terminal servers can be configured to restrict network
access to and from local hosts.
o Passwords - Guest accounts and accounts with trivial passwords
(e.g., username=password, password=none) are common targets. System
administrators should make sure that all accounts are password
protected and encourage users to use acceptable passwords as well as
to change their passwords periodically, as a general practice. For
more information on passwords, see Federal Information Processing
Standard Publication (FIPS PUB) 112, available from the National
Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce,
Springfield, VA 22161.
o Anonymous file transfer - Unrestricted file transfer access to a
system can be exploited to obtain sensitive files such as the UNIX
/etc/passwd file. If used, TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol -
which requires no username/password authentication) should always be
configured to run as a non-privileged user and "chroot" to a file
structure where the remote user cannot transfer the system /etc/passwd
file. Anonymous FTP, too, should not allow the remote user to access
this file, or any other critical system file. Configuring these
facilities to "chroot" limits file access to a localized directory
structure.
o Apply fixes - Many of the old "holes" in UNIX have been closed.
Check with your vendor and install all of the latest fixes.
If system administrators do discover any unauthorized system activity,
they are urged to contact the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT).
Kenneth R. van Wyk
Computer Emergency Response Team
cert@SEI.CMU.EDU
(412) 268-7090 (24 hour hotline)
------------------------------
End of VIRUS-L Digest
*********************
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