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DOS31.TXT
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1985-12-22
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14: IBM PC DOS VERSION 3.1 08-14-1984 ANNOUNCEMENTS
The IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System (DOS) Version 3.1 pro-
vides all of the functions contained in the prior version of DOS (3.0)
plus enhancements for support of IBM PC Network hardware and software.
The specific relationship of DOS 3.1 to DOS 3.0 and prior releases of
DOS is described below. DOS 3.1 replaces DOS 3.0.
DOS provides the required support for an application program to inter-
face with the IBM Personal Computer hardware. It operates on all ver-
sions of the IBM Personal Computer. DOS provides a user with the
ability to manage files on a disk or diskette (display directories,
rename files, copy files, etc). DOS also provides the ability to
start up an application consisting of one or more programs linked
together into a single load module.
DOS provides a BASIC language interpreter whose function is described
in a separate BASIC Language Reference Manual (6361132). DOS also
provides a Line Editor and Debug utility programs to aid in program
development. A linker program is provided to convert compiler lan-
guage relocatable modules to executable load modules. DOS 3.1 pro-
vides the ability to configure itself to support national keyboards.
An enhanced screen dump utility program is also provided. A virtual
disk feature is provided which allows for using extended memory (above
1MB) on the IBM PERSONAL COMPUTER AT machine.
RELATIONSHIP TO PRIOR VERSIONS
______________________________
DOS 3.0 DOS 3.1 replaces DOS 3.0. It provides IBM PC Network
enhancements as indicated below. Storage requirements are
the same as DOS 3.0 (36KB).
SUPPORT FOR REDIRECTOR FILE SERVER AND PRINT SERVER (DOS
3.1 NETWORK PROGRAMS) Allows addition of File
Server and Print Server package to DOS 3.1.
This package is available separately from DOS
and requires the IBM PC Network hardware.
Provides the means by which a user can access
printer and DASD devices located on other
computers on the IBM Network.
NEW INTERRUPT 21H FUNCTIONS Additional function calls pro-
viding support for the Network environment.
EXTENDED ERROR RECOVERY Additional error reporting facili-
ties to enhance support in Network environ-
ment
JOIN Splicing of directories
SUBST Substitute string (a virtual drive name for a
path name)
DOS 2.1 DOS 3.1 is an upward compatible enhancement to DOS 2.1 and
contains maintenance updates to DOS 2.1. DOS 3.1 requires
a minimum 36KB of user memory (DOS 2.1 was 24KB). In addi-
tion to maintenance updates, DOS 3.1 adds the following
enhancements:
FILE SHARING Optional. Applies on a file basis. Provides
full range of sharing possibilities.
BLOCK LOCKING Provides the ability to restrict access to
all or part of a file when the file is opened
in a shared mode.
SUPPORT FOR REDIRECTOR FILE SERVER AND PRINT SERVER (DOS
3.0 NETWORK PROGRAMS) Allows addition of File
Server and Print Server package to DOS 3.0.
This package is available separately from DOS
and requires the IBM PC Network hardware.
Provides the means by which a user can access
printer and DASD devices located on other
computers on the IBM Network. Interfaces to
IBM PC Network Redirector Support.
BACKGROUND PRINT Modified version of DOS 2.1 Print, which
now supports path specifications and an
internal programming interface.
NEW INTERRUPT 21H FUNCTIONS Additional function calls pro-
viding enhanced file management and support
for the Network environment.
ENHANCED ERROR RECOVERY Additional error reporting facili-
ties to enhance support in Network environ-
ment and non-network environment
SUPPORT FOR IBM PERSONAL COMPUTER AT HARDWARE 1.2MB disk-
ette drives, non-volatile timer, larger fixed
disk.
BASIC INTERPRETER (1)Changes to support IBM PERSONAL COM-
PUTER AT hardware and (2)Additional access to
device drivers and DOS from BASIC. See BASIC
Manual Version 3.0 for description of
changes.
SCREEN DUMP UTILITY Support added for additional display
interfaces and printers
VDISK RAM disk. Allows use of part of memory for a
virtual disk. Supports extended memory
(above 1MB) on IBM PERSONAL COMPUTER AT.
LARGE LINKER Supports up to 1 megabyte.
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT National Keyboard routines
JOIN Splicing of directories
SUBST Substitute String (a virtual drive name for
path name)
DOS 1.1 DOS Version 3.1 offers function not available in DOS 1.1.
Where standard (documented) programming procedures have
been employed, most DOS 1.1 programs should run under Ver-
sion 3.1 without change. Examples of non-standard proto-
cols are; access of absolute memory locations where DOS
resides and direct calls to the BIOS. DOS 3.1 uses more
memory than DOS 1.1. The storage used is 24KB greater,
therefore, some programs may no longer fit in the same size
machine. In these cases, a program may have to be divided
into smaller segments, or more memory may have to be added
to the system.
HIGHLIGHTS
__________
o Supports all IBM Personal Computers
o International English Version with Country Keyboard support
o Supports one or more diskette drives or fixed disks.
o Provides Fixed Disk and Diskette Initialization
o Allows DOS to be started from diskette or fixed disk
o Provides file space allocated dynamically as data is added
o Provides backup, restore commands
o Provides tree-structured directories
o Provides a command to display the directory structure
o Provides commands to create and remove subdirectories
o Supports sequential and direct access of data files
o Provides a file recovery utility
o Provides current date and time used in directory entries
o Supports "job stream" sequence of programs as Batch files. Condi-
tional logic supported
o Allows automatic execution of program or job stream following pow-
er-on or system reset
o Provides graphics screen dump to printer (graphics and color)
o Provides global filename characters for filename searches
o Provides multiple disk I/O memory buffers for improved performance
o Accepts commands entered in upper or lower case
o Allows copying of DOS to formatted backup diskettes or to fixed
disks
o Provides Line Editor, Debug, Disk Format, Disk Check, Diskette
Copy, Diskette Compare programs
o Provides Large Linker for language compilers
o Allows user-installable device drivers to be added for new hard-
ware support (CONFIG.SYS)
o Provides optional Verify after Write
o Provides extended screen and keyboard controls
o Provides redirected I/O (Example: keyboard input and direct out-
put to a file)
o Supports piping: Output from Program "A" used as input to Program
"B"
o Allows diverted parallel printer output to Asynchronous Communi-
cations Adapter (Example: attach a serial printer.)
o Provides background file print utility which permits simultaneous
file printing with other activity
o Provides extended device error trapping
INSTALLATION/OPERATION
______________________
The IBM Personal Computer DOS resides on the DOS Diskette.
A second diskette contains the Linker, Debug, EXE2BIN, Sample Device
Driver Listings and the sample programs.
If the DOS Diskette is present in diskette drive "A:" or if DOS is
resident on the Fixed Disk, when the system is started or restarted,
DOS will automatically be loaded into Random Access Memory. DOS can
also be copied to the fixed disk to provide the same function.
If automatic program execution is not used each time DOS is initial-
ized, it will ask the user for the current date and time (on IBM PER-
SONAL COMPUTER AT the current time will be displayed) This will be
used to identify the most recent update to a file. If the AUTOEXEC
option is used and "unattended" operation is desired, date and time
prompting can be bypassed.
DOS Version 3.1 uses approximately 36KB of Random Access Storage.
This is an increase over DOS 2.1 and DOS Version 1.1. On some
systems, this means that additional memory may be required to permit
an application program to be loaded and run. In general, 96KB to
128KB is a minimum memory requirement for DOS 3.1 systems.
NOTES:
1. Prior to running a BASIC language program performing diskette I/O,
one of the two language extensions, Disk BASIC or Advanced BASIC,
must be loaded into memory.
2. Sequence of loading is important for Network support.
TECHNICAL DATA
______________
TECHNICAL DATA
DOS Command
Function or Utility
Configuration File (CONFIG. SYS) BREAK=ON/OFF
BUFFERS=
DEVICE=
FILES=
LASTDRIVE=
FCBS=
COUNTRY=
SHELL=
Assign drive name to another drive ASSIGN
Batch file support AUTOEXEC.BAT
Check for ctrl/break interrupt BREAK
Check diskette or fixed disk CHKDSK
Change console CHDIR
Clear screen CLS
Compare files COMP
Copy files COPY
Change console CTTY
Set Date DATE
Set time TIME
Delete files DEL, ERASE
List directory DIR
Compare diskettes DISKCOMP
Copy diskette DISKCOPY
Format diskette or fixed disk FORMAT
Graphics screen dump MODIFIED GRAPHICS
Load Graphics Table GRAFTABL
Set display or printer options MODE
Remark within batch file, then wait PAUSE
Check or change read-only attribute ATTRIB
File Sharing Support SHARE
Print files in BACKGROUND PRINT/PSPRINT
Change DOS prompt PROMPT
Recover file RECOVER
Remark from batch file REM
Rename a file RENAME, REN
Transfer DOS to another diskette or fixed disk SYS
Display file contents TYPE
Display DOS version VER
Write-verify data to diskette VERIFY
Display disk(ette) label VOL
Line Editor EDLIN
Load, alter, display/execute files DEBUG
Link-edit a compiled program LINK
Convert .EXE files to .COM format EXE2BIN
Search for string in file FIND
Create a sub-directory MKDIR
Pause after displaying screenful MORE
Specify directory paths PATH
Remove directory RMDIR
Set environment SET
Sort Data SORT
Display directory paths TREE
Initialize a fixed disk FDISK
Backup fixed disk files to diskette BACKUP
Restore files from diskette to fixed disk RESTORE
Load Keyboard program KEYBXX
Virtual RAM disk VDISK
Configure Country Keyboards SELECT
Changes Volume ID LABEL
Substitution of drive name for path SUBST
Join directories JOIN
PACKAGING
The IBM Personal Computer, DOS Version 3.1, and the BASIC Interpreter
are resident on two diskettes.
PUBLICATIONS
DOS 3.1 is described in the following items which are part of the DOS
3.1 Package:
o IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System Users Guide (Level
3.1)
o IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System Reference (Level 3.1)
o IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System Application Setup
Guide
A separately available DOS Technical Reference Manual contains details
concerning DOS intended for application programmers.
PREREQUISITES
The IBM Personal Computer DOS 3.1 requires a minimum of one diskette
drive and 96KB memory, although a minimum of 128KB is recommended if a
fixed disk is installed. Also, most applications, because of program
requirements, may need more than the minimum 96KB. DOS is loaded into
memory from a diskette in Drive "A" or the Fixed Disk each time the
computer is turned on or "reset" is invoked.
The IBM Personal Computer DOS is a prerequisite for the Disk and
Advanced versions of BASIC and provides I/O for the Macro Assembler,
the Pascal, FORTRAN, COBOL and BASIC Compilers, and application pro-
grams created by them.
CUSTOMER RESPONSIBILITIES
The customer is responsible for producing a backup copy of the ori-
ginal DOS Diskette, and creating a copy of DOS on the other diskettes
or fixed disks as required.
A setup process is described in the DOS User Guide.
All newly purchased diskettes must first be initialized using the DOS
FORMAT utility. Fixed disks must be initialized with both the FDISK
and FORMAT utilities.
15: DOS 3.1 TRADE-UP 08-14-1984 ANNOUNCEMENTS
Current users of DOS 3.0 will be offered a trade-up to DOS 3.1 for a
nine month period beginning with the availability of DOS 3.1.
The trade-up includes the same package as the DOS 3.1 product (manuals
and diskettes) except for one binder and sleeve.
An information sheet will be included in the DOS 3.0 ship group to
inform DOS 3.0 users that the trade-up will be available. See the DOS
3.0 RFA for a copy of the trade-up information sheet.
The procedure is the same as that used for the FORTRAN and PASCAL
upgrades. These procedures are as follows:
1. The offer to upgrade DOS 3.0 to 3.1 is being extended to DOS 3.0
licensees.
2. Sales locations will be provided a packet containing a store dis-
play and order forms to be used by the licensee or dealer.
3. The order form contains information pertinent to obtaining the
upgrade product.
4. The order form may be completed by the licensee or the dealer.
5. Payment for the upgrade product is to be by check or money order
made out to the IBM Corporation. Applicable state and local taxes
are to be paid by the licensee.
6. Dealers requiring the DOS 3.1 upgrade product to be delivered to
their store location must forward proof-of-purchase (front cover
of DOS 3.1 Reference manual), the order form (signed) and payment
to the fulfillment house.
7. Payment made by the dealer is tax exempt, provided applicable tax-
es have been collected from the licensee and reported to state and
local governments as appropriate. Dealers are requested to
include on the order form their tax exemption number.
8. The fulfillment house will mail to the addressee the DOS 3.1
upgrade product.
9. The upgrade is available beginning with the availability of DOS
3.1 and expires nine months later.