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478.README
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1987-08-26
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Preface to Hedrick's
"Introduction to the Internet Protocols"
for Amateur Packet Radio
Copyright 1987 Bdale Garbee, N3EUA.
Permission to copy for non-commercial purposes granted.
Charles Hedrick of RUTGERS, the State University of New Jersey, has written
a very important document... a description of the "world of TCP/IP" that
manages to be both a reasonable introduction for the non-technical or mildly
technical individual, and an excellant starting point for anyone interested
in learning more about the family of networking protocols commonly referred
to as "TCP/IP".
The only difficulty with this document for those who are trying to learn more
about TCP/IP in the Amateur Radio "Packet" environment, is that the experience
Mr. Hedrick works from is almost entirely with the wired networks common in
universities and businesses, where various computer systems are networked
together using some form of wire (usually coaxial cable as in Ethernet, or
fibre optic cabling as in Pronet).
The individual who is familiar with radio transmission will easily recognize
differences between the wired environment and the on-air environment. This
does not mean that the protocols are unfit for use on the air, it simply means
that we need to be careful when *implementing* the protocols in software for
use on the radio that we don't make assumptions that aren't valid on the air!
Mr. Hedrick mentions several protocols that can "ride on top of" TCP, such as
Sun's Network File System, NFS. Some of the applications that he talks about,
including NFS, while wonderful on wired networks, are somewhat unreasonable
for packet radio until or unless we have *much* higher speed modems. Wired
networks can easily run at 10 million bits per second, while packet ranges
from 300 bits per second on HF, to perhaps 56 thousand bits per second on
UHF. Contemporary TCP/IP on packet may therefore not provide quite the same
level of "wonderfulness" that is available to users of wired networks, but
it certainly provides a dramatic improvement in potential services for the
"next generation" of packet radio.
The KA9Q Internet Package is currently the most common TCP/IP implementation
(if not the only one!) in use on Amateur Packet Radio. The software supports
the IBM PC and clones, and provides IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP, and ARP as basic
services, and implements the FTP, Telnet, and SMTP protocols as applications.
The Package also includes a separate mail user interface program by N3EUA
called BM, and software from PA0GRI for forwarding PBBS mail over TCP. An
associated set of software packages provide replacement ROM firmware for
several TNC's, allowing them to be used with the KA9Q TCP/IP Package. At
least two commercial manufacturers, AEA and Kantronics, now support the KISS
protocol in their TNC's, making them useable with TCP/IP. Various folks are
busily writing additional application protocol modules, and porting the
package to other machines (Macintosh, Amiga, various Unix systems, etc.).
Ok, now that we've primed you about what to watch out for, and hopefully
helped you find the parts that you need to take "with a grain of salt", dig
on in and read Hedrick's paper! And when you're done, if you want to learn
more about how it all works, read the documents (RFC's and IEN's) that he
mentions in the references... and if you're really brave, and know or want to
learn the C programming language, dig in and read the NET.EXE sources...
Who knows? Your life may never be the same again!