Transcription: Sergei Pavlovich Korolev was the Ukrainian-born designer and engineer who directed the Soviet Union space program during its early years. His name is linked with many of the great achievements of the first decades of the space age. He was responsible for the Cosmos, Fostok and Soyuz series of spacecraft. He also played a key role in the launch of Sputnik 1, the first satellite in space, the first human spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin and the first spacewalk by Alexei Leonov in 1968. 65.