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T_PARIS.DAT
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The Paris Peace Treaty (Peace Treaty of 1783)
In the name of the most holy and undivided Trinity.
It having pleased the Divine Providence to dispose the hearts
of the most serene and most potent Prince George the Third, by
the grace of God, king of Great Britain, France, and Ireland,
defender of the faith, duke of Brunswick and Lunebourg,
archtreasurer and prince elector of the Holy Roman Empire etc.,
and of the United States of America, to forget all past
misunderstandings and differences that have unhappily
interrupted the good correspondence and friendship which they
mutually wish to restore, and to establish such a beneficial and
satisfactory intercourse, between the two countries upon the
ground of reciprocal advantages and mutual convenience as may
promote and secure to both perpetual peace and harmony; and
having for this desirable end already laid the foundation of
peace and reconciliation by the Provisional Articles signed
at Paris on the 30th of November 1782, by the commissioners
empowered on each part, which articles were agreed to be
inserted in and constitute the Treaty of Peace proposed to
be concluded between the Crown of Great Britain and the said
United States, but which treaty was not to be concluded until
terms of peace should be agreed upon between Great Britain and
France and his Britannic Majesty should be ready to conclude
such treaty accordingly; and the treaty between Great Britain
and France having since been concluded, his Britannic Majesty
and the United States of America, in order to carry into full
effect the Provisional Articles above mentioned, according to
the tenor thereof, have constituted and appointed, that is to
say his Britannic Majesty on his part, David Hartley, Esqr.,
member of the Parliament of Great Britain, and the said United
States on their part, John Adams, Esqr., late a commissioner of
the United States of America at the court of Versailles, late
delegate in Congress from the state of Massachusetts, and chief
justice of the said state, and minister plenipotentiary of the
said United States to their high mightinesses the States General
of the United Netherlands; Benjamin Franklin, Esqr., late
delegate in Congress from the state of Pennsylvania, president
of the convention of the said state, and minister
plenipotentiary from the United States of America at the court
of Versailles; John Jay, Esqr., late president of Congress and
chief justice of the state of New York, and minister
plenipotentiary from the said United States at the court of
Madrid; to be plenipotentiaries for the concluding and signing
the present definitive treaty; who after having reciprocally
communicated their respective full powers have agreed upon and
confirmed the following articles.
Article 1:
His Brittanic Majesty acknowledges the said United States,
viz., New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and
Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina
and Georgia, to be free sovereign and independent states, that
he treats with them as such, and for himself, his heirs, and
successors, relinquishes all claims to the government,
propriety, and territorial rights of the same and every part
thereof.
Article 2:
And that all disputes which might arise in future on the subject
of the boundaries of the said United States may be prevented, it
is hereby agreed and declared, that the following are and shall
be their boundaries, viz.; from the northwest angle of Nova
Scotia, viz., that nagle which is formed by a line drawn due
north from the source of St. Croix River to the highlands; along
the said highlands which divide those rivers that empty
themselves into the river St. Lawrence, from those which fall
into the Atlantic Ocean, to the northwesternmost head of
Connecticut River; thence down along the middle of that river
to the forty-fifth degree of north latitude; from thence by a
line due west on said latitude until it strikes the river
Iroquois or Cataraquy; thence along the middle of said river
into Lake Ontario; through the middle of said lake until it
strikes the communication by water between that lake and Lake
Erie; thence along the middle of said communication into Lake
Erie, through the middle of said lake until it arrives at the
water communication between that lake and Lake Huron; thence
along the middle of said water communication into Lake Huron,
thence through the middle of said lake to the water
communication between that lake and Lake Superior; thence
through Lake Superior northward of the Isles Royal and
Phelipeaux to the Long Lake; thence through the middle of said
Long Lake and the water communication between it and the Lake
of the Woods, to the said Lake of the Woods; thence through the
said lake to the most northwesternmost point thereof, and from
thence on a due west course to the river Mississippi; thence by
a line to be drawn along the middle of the said river
Mississippi until it shall intersect the northernmost part of
the thirty-first degree of north latitude, South, by a line to
be drawn due east from the determination of the line last
mentioned in the latitude of thirty-one degrees of the equator,
to the middle of the river Apalachicola or Catahouche; thence
along the middle thereof to its junction with the Flint River,
thence straight to the head of Saint Mary's River; and thence
down along the middle of Saint Mary's River to the Atlantic
Ocean; east, by a line to be drawn along the middle of the
river Saint Croix, from its mouth in the Bay of Fundy to its
source, and from its source directly north to the aforesaid
highlands which divide the rivers that fall into the Atlantic
Ocean from those which fall into the river Saint Lawrence;
comprehending all islands within twenty leagues of any part
of the shores of the United States, and lying between lines
to be drawn due east from the points where the aforesaid
boundaries between Nova Scotia on the one part and East
Florida on the other shall, respectively, touch the Bay of
Fundy and the Atlantic Ocean, excepting such islands as now are
or heretofore have been within the limits of the said
province of Nova Scotia.
Article 3:
It is agreed that the people of the United States shall
continue to enjoy unmolested the right to take fish of every
kind on the Grand Bank and on all the other banks of
Newfoundland, also in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and at all
other places in the sea, where the inhabitants of both countries
used at any time heretofore to fish. And also that the
inhabitants of the United States shall have liberty to take
fish of every kind on such part of the coast of Newfoundland
as British fishermen shall use, (but not to dry or cure the
same on that island) and also on the coasts, bays and creeks
of all other of his Brittanic Majesty's dominions in America;
and that the American fishermen shall have liberty to dry and
cure fish in any of the unsettled bays, harbors, and creeks of
Nova Scotia, Magdalen Islands, and Labrador, so long as the
same shall remain unsettled, but so soon as the same or either
of them shall be settled, it shall not be lawful for the said
fishermen to dry or cure fish at such settlement without a
previous agreement for that purpose with the inhabitants,
proprietors, or possessors of the ground.
Article 4:
It is agreed that creditors on either side shall meet with no
lawful impediment to the recovery of the full value in sterling
money of all bona fide debts heretofore contracted.
Article 5:
It is agreed that Congress shall earnestly recommend it to the
legislatures of the respective states to provide for the
restitution of all estates, rights, and properties, which have
been confiscated belonging to real British subjects; and also of
the estates, rights, and properties of persons resident in
districts in the possession on his Majesty's arms and who have
not borne arms against the said United States. And that persons
of any other decription shall have free liberty to go to any
part or parts of any of the thirteen United States and therein
to remain twelve months unmolested in their endeavors to obtain
the restitution of such of their estates, rights, and properties
as may have been confiscated; and that Congress shall also
earnestly recommend to the several states a reconsideration and
revision of all acts or laws regarding the premises, so as to
render the said laws or acts perfectly consistent not only with
justice and equity but with that spirit of conciliation which on
the return of the blessings of peace should universally prevail.
And that Congress shall also earnestly recommend to the several
states that the estates, rights, and properties, of such last
mentioned persons shall be restored to them, they refunding to
any persons who may be now in possession the bona fide price
(where any has been given) which such persons may have paid on
purchasing any of the said lands, rights, or properties since
the confiscation.
And it is agreed that all persons who have any interest in
confiscated lands, either by debts, marriage settlements, or
otherwise, shall meet with no lawful impediment in the
prosecution of their just rights.
Article 6:
That there shall be no future confiscations made nor any
prosecutions commenced against any person or persons for, or by
reason of, the part which he or they may have taken in the
present war, and that no person shall on that account suffer any
future loss or damage, either in his person, liberty, or
property; and that those who may be in confinement on such
charges at the time of the ratification of the treaty in America
shall be immediately set at liberty, and the prosecutions so
commenced be discontinued.
Article 7:
There shall be a firm and perpetual peace between his Brittanic
Majesty and the said states, and between the subjects of the one
and the citizens of the other, wherefore all hostilities both
by sea and land shall from henceforth cease. All prisoners on
both sides shall be set at liberty, and his Brittanic Majesty
shall with all convenient speed, and without causing any
destruction, or carrying away any Negroes or other property of
the American inhabitants, withdraw all his armies, garrisons,
and fleets from the said United States, and from every post,
place, and harbor within the same; leaving in all
fortifications, the American artilery that may be therein; and
shall also order and cause all archives, records, deeds, and
papers belonging to any of the said states, or their citizens,
which in the course of the war may have fallen into the hands of
his officers, to be forthwith restored and delivered to the
proper states and persons to whom they belong.
Article 8:
The navigation of the river Mississippi, from its source to the
ocean, shall forever remain free and open to the subjects of
Great Britain and the citizens of the United States.
Article 9:
In case it should so happen that any place or territory
belonging to Great Britain or to the United States should have
been conquered by the arms of either from the other before the
arrival of the said Provisional Articles in America, it is
agreed that the same shall be restored without difficulty and
without requiring any compensation.
Article 10:
The solemn ratifications of the present treaty expedited in
good and due form shall be exchanged between the contracting
parties in the space of six months or sooner, if possible, to be
computed from the day of the signatures of the present treaty.
In witness whereof we the undersigned, their ministers
plenipotentiary, have in their name and in virtue of our full
powers, signed with our hands the present definitive treaty and
caused the seals of our arms to be affixed thereto.
Done at Paris, this third day of September in the year of our
Lord, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-three.
D. HARTLEY (SEAL)
JOHN ADAMS (SEAL)
B. FRANKLIN (SEAL)
JOHN JAY (SEAL)
Source: United States, Department of State, "Treaties and Other
International Agreements of the United States of America,
1776-1949", vol 12, pages 8-12