Day 007 - 06 Jul 94 - Page 08

     
     1        A.  Yes, sir, and availability plays into cost; there may
              be something that is a great environmental benefit, but it
     2        is not commercially available.
 
     3   MR. RAMPTON:  We will come to some examples of that in the
              course of your evidence a little later on this morning,
     4        Mr. Kouchoukos.
 
     5        Can I ask you in a little more detail, what considerations
              are in place in relation to environmental performance?
     6        What do you mean by "environmental performance"?
              A.  We try to take a total life cycle impact, overview, of
     7        what the package is going do to in securing raw materials
              in the manufacturing process itself, in the use of the
     8        package and finally in disposal of the package.  So source
              reduction applies to the front end a lot, reducing raw
     9        material impacts, reducing manufacturing emissions,
              reducing the overall weight of the package.
    10
              We try to use materials that are most recyclable, so we
         try to stay away from paper polylaminates, for instance,
              because we know it would be difficult to recycle in the
    12        future, so we try to stay away from that.
 
    13   Q.   A paper polylaminate is one which has other substances
              besides paper in it?
    14        A.  Right.  Like a paper board container with a layer of
              polyethylene essentially glued to it, so we try not to use
    15        multi-materials.
 
    16   Q.   As between different substances, are there what one might
              call "trade-offs" as far as environmental benefit is
    17        concerned?
              A.  There certainly are.  One material used will have --
    18        any material used, any manufacturing process, is going to
              have an environmental impact.  It is a matter of
    19        priortisation then in regional areas as to what might be
              most important.  That is especially true as you go
    20        internationally because what is important to the
              environment in the UK may not be important to the
         environment in the Philippines or the US.  We all have
              different issues.
    22
         Q.   Can we pause there.  Mr. Morris will say if I am going to
    23        too quickly. I do not want to lose my thread because then
              I will forget my question.
    24
         MR. JUSTICE BELL:  I think you should keep going at what you
    25        think is a suitable pace; just as I would interrupt if
              I needed a moment, then the defendants will.  Try to avoid 
    26        it, but if you really are stuck, say so. 
  
    27   MR. RAMPTON:  May we take an example of what you have just told
              us?  We know that in the United States for wrapping of
    28        sandwiches paper is now universal?
              A.  Yes.
    29
         Q.   Whereas in this country the polystyrene foam clam shell is
    30        widely used.  Is that an example of local differences?
              A.  That is a good example.  The pressures we were under