Day 291 - 31 Oct 96 - Page 08

     
     1        causes her a lot of distress, she cannot mother properly."
     2        He said:  "The problem essentially is not just the crate,
     3        it is the expectation that she has to manage this enormous
     4        number of piglets, because, you see, wild swine would only
     5        have about six piglets a year, whereas these mothers are
     6        expected to bring up 25."
     7
     8        Dry sow stalls and farrowing crates are actually a bit
     9        mixed in together.  It is all on pages 58 and 59, I think.
    10        He said that the prevalence at the end of the 1980s was
    11        about 50 percent of pigs or 50 percent of sows would be in
    12        dry sow stalls.  Referring to the dry sow stalls on day
    13        114, page 25, Mr. Long said that the main problem with the
    14        dry sow stalls was that the animals cannot turn around and
    15        that infringed one of the Farm Animal Welfare Freedom codes
    16        straightaway.
    17
    18        The other point was that there was a great deal of evidence
    19        to show the cow's tendencies for natural behaviour,
    20        particularly as she is a very maternal animal, her tendency
         is to want to build nests and there is nothing for her to
    22        build nests with.  We asked did he think that if a pig was
    23        being walked for five or ten minutes a day that would be
    24        adequate compensation for being enclosed in a dry sow
    25        stall.  And he said:  'No'.
    26        On pages 25 and 26 there are various relevant parts to the
    27        dry sow stalls.
    28
    29        Just in terms of making a comparison with the life-span of
    30        the pigs on Bowes farm, i.e. most of the pigs being
    31        slaughtered at around 25 or 26 weeks old, and the sows
    32        living until they are about three to four years old, he
    33        said that certainly pigs should get to live into their
    34        twenties if they were not being slaughtered for meat.  That
    35        was on day 113, page 59, line 20.
    36
    37        On day 114 -- and all the references for this part are
    38        going to be on day 114 -- we were asking Mr. Long about the
    39        Farm Animal Welfare Council 1984 report on slaughter, which
    40        was referred to in the London Greenpeace fact sheet that we
         are being sued over.  In relation to transportation on page
    42        10 of day 114 -- for some reason this day has not got any
    43        line numbers so I cannot give you the line numbers.
    44
    45   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Do not worry about that.  The day obviously
    46        is very important and the page is very important, if you
    47        can give it to me.
    48
    49   MS. STEEL:   Day 114, page 10.  I think Mr. Morris was reading
    50        from the report and he said on page 8, point 22, there is a 
    51        sentence starting:  "It is inevitable that transportation 
    52        to a slaughter house, often involving long journeys with 
    53        deprivation of food and water, temporary housing in a
    54        strange environment, and subsequent handling and
    55        restraining prior to slaughter will impose considerable
    56        stress on all animals."  He was asked whether or not that
    57        was his view, and Mr. Long said that was his observation
    58        too.
    59
    60        I think this bit is actually relating to cows.  This is on