GLOSSARY

Shapes and Splines

A shape is an object made up of one or more splines. A spline is a collection of vertices and connecting segments that form a line. By adjusting values in the vertices, you can make portions of the line curved or straight.

Shapes don’t usually appear in the rendered scene. They’re used in 3D Studio MAX mainly for the following purposes:

• As the foundation for extruded objects, by applying an Extrude modifier to the shape.
• As the foundation for a spun object, by applying a Lathe modifier to a shape.
• As the components that make up a Loft object, by combining a shape as a path, and one or more shapes as cross-sections along the path.
• As an animation path for an object by assigning a path controller to the object, and then picking a shape as the path.
• As one method of linkage for inverse kinematic chains.

You can also make shapes renderable to create tubular forms in the rendering. Renderable shapes don’t appear any different in viewports.

Get Shape (Lofting)

You use Get Shape as a loft creation method when you want the shape to move to the location of the selected path. For example, you use this method if you have created a path at the exact location where you want your loft object to be. You use Get Shape to create a loft at that location.

Get Shape causes the shape to move and rotate to align itself with the current level of the path. The exact orientation of the shape is controlled by two other loft settings named Contour and Banking.

The following describes the orientation of the first shape at level 0:

• The pivot point of the shape is located on the path at the current path level.
• The positive Z axis of the shape is aligned with the tangent to the path at the current path level.
• The local Y axis of the shape is aligned with the local Z axis of the path.

Sometimes, aligning the positive Z axis of the shape with tangent of the path does not produce the result you want. You can flip the orientation of the shape by pressing CTRL while getting the shape. Pressing CTRL aligns the shape so that the negative Z axis of the shape is aligned with the tangent to the path.