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BackManMUI v0.x
- The backup system -
Preliminary documentation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
0. IMPORTANT NOTES
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
THIS DOCUMENT IS VERY PRELIMINARY, AND IS INTENDED ONLY TO GIVE SOME ROUGH
INSTRUCTIONS TO BETA TESTERS. THE REAL DOCUMENTATION WILL COME WHEN THE
PROGRAM WILL BE CLOSER TO COMPLETION.
As a consequence, usage of beta versions of this program is not recommended
to unexperienced users: blowing up your hard disk by improper use of this
program is your very own problem, so think twice before using this program
without proper care and knowledge.
PLEASE DON'T MAKE IMPORTANT BACKUPS WITH THIS VERSION! DISK FORMAT IS SUBJECT
TO CHANGE (AND WILL DO, BE SURE), SO LATER VERSIONS MAY NOT BE ABLE TO
RESTORE OLD BACKUPS! Or at least keep this version somewhere, but don't say
we didn't tell you if you lose your data.
This version of BackMan still includes some debugging code: please report any
"strange" message you might see (mostly of the kind "Assertion is false!",
followed by several lines of programmer's information), with the most
complete description of the conditions in which it was displayed, and if
possible send us a sample backup that shows the problem.
This document is updated only when time permits. Don't rely too much on the
information contained herein; on the other side, please report any error, and
feel free to contact the authors for any misunderstanding.
Please read the chapter entitled "NO WARRANTY" in the file "BackMan.Doc"
before you even think about running this program.
1. Requirements
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
BackMan requires Release 2.04 or later of the Amiga OS to run. If you didn't
upgrade yet, then it's definitely time to do it: you are missing lots of new
features and good software, and you're holding Amiga technology behind.
BackManMUI, as its name implies, uses and requires MagicUserInterface by
Stefan Stuntz, version 2.2 or later (the appropriate copyright notice will be
added in a later release of this doc; it is however fully acknowledged by the
authors). We will assume that MUI is already installed and working on your
system. MUI is *NOT* distributed with BackMan: you can get it through various
public domain/freeware/shareware collections, through electronic networks, or
directly from the author.
MUI has many advantages over other user interfaces, in primis over the
system-supplied GadTools library, especially from a programmer's point of
view: the supposed slowness and space requirements of MUI are definitely
worth it. If you didn't try it out yet, please do: you will be impressed.
BackMan supports the MultiUserFileSystem by Geert Uytterhoeven (the same
considerations on copyright apply), and to the knowledge of the authors it is
the only backup program with such support. MultiUser support requires
multiuser.library V39+ and dos.library V39+.
BackMan supports data compression through the XPK libraries, created by Urban
Dominik Müller, Bryan Ford and others, and copyrighted by its authors.
2. Installation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To install BackMan, simply extract the archive where you prefer: you should
use the 'x' command of LhA to extract full paths. Make sure the Images drawer
is present in the same path of BackManMUI.
As mentioned above, MUI must already have been installed on your system in
order for BackManMUI to work.
3. Limitations
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Backup/Restore is limited to about 4 Mbytes for unregistered users.
4. Windows
~~~~~~~~~~
We will now describe the various windows of BackManMUI.
4.1. The Main window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is the fist window to appear when you run BackManMUI. Here you can
select what operation to perform.
You should already know the "About..." part, as it gets displayed for 30
seconds if you're not a registered user.
The only option that needs clarification is "Diff": this operation will read
the catalog from the backup and check the file attributes (size, date,
comment, protection, etc.) against those on your drive. It was inspired by
the 'h' command of LhA by Stefan Boberg.
Hereafter we will reference Restore, Compare or Diff as "restore operations",
because they all imply restoring some amount of information from the backup
to your computer, and because the options that apply to these operations are
almost the same.
4.2. The Configuration window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The first thing you have to do is to bring up the configuration window by
pressing the "Configure..." button in the main window or by selecting the
appropriate menu item.
The configuration window is subdivided in two sections: the general options
and the backup medium options. Each section is further subdivided into
several groups, which are:
- "General", "Backup" and "Restore" for the options, and
- "Tape/Removable" (not yet implemented), "Floppy disks" and "File" for the
backup medium.
The options seem obvious enough for the aforementioned experienced users.
Please read "BackMan.Doc" for some more hints.
Only some notices: the drive list supports more than one device (they appear
separated by commas, as in "DF0,DF1"), but the internal routines don't, so
restrict yourself to one device. Moreover, be careful not to select your hard
disk as the backup device unless you know very well what you're doing, or you
might get really upset by the results.
*All* disk devices that have a valid DOS device entry are suported: this
includes CrossDOS disks, DiskSpare disks, hard disks (of which removable
cartridges such as SyQuest drives are a subset), most recoverable RAM drives
(I wouldn't recommend them as backup devices, however). HD floppies are
supported, but you should insert an HD disk *before* you start the backup.
4.3. The Backup window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Here you select which files you want to backup.
You can backup more than one directory tree at a time by clicking the
"Add..." button and selecting a new directory.
You can remove a catalog from the backup by selecting it and clicking the
"Remove" button (you will be asked for confirmation).
By double-clicking on an entry in the catalog list you can bring up the file
selection window or change the comment for this catalog, depending on wich
field you double-click. These options are also available as buttons just
below the catalog list. Experiment as you wish, you can't do anything harmful
at this stage.
The backup creator is global for all catalogs. It is taken from the
registration key if you have one, but you can change it as you wish.
Selecting "Start" will start the backup. Please double-check that you
selected the proper destination medium, or you could overwrite the very same
files you're trying to backup.
4.4. The Restore/Compare/Diff window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You will get here after BackMan has read the catalog from the backup, which
usually doesn't take more than a few seconds. The window title shows which
kind of operation you're performing.
Basically, here you can select catalogs/files to operate on and change the
destination directory, which by default is set to the same directory the
files originally came from: not much difference from the Backup window.
Again, you can't do any harm here, so experiment at will.
4.5. The File Selection window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This window can be accessed from the Backup and Restore/Compare/Diff windows,
and it is used to select which files in a catalog to operate on.
4.5.1. The Filter window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Filter window will appear by clicking on the "Filter..." button in the
File Selection window: here you can select or unselect several files at once,
by attribute or using wildcards, in the current drawer only or including all
its subdirectories. The Filter window remains open together with the File
Selection window until you close it: in other words you can keep them open
together and alternate manual file (de)selection and multiple (de)selection
through the Filter window without the need to open/close it every time.
4.6. The Status window
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This window comes up after you select "Start" from the Backup or
Restore/Compare/Diff windows. It will show you the progress of the operation
you're doing by displaying the directory and file being operated on and some
counters that tell you how many files/bytes have been read or written as yet.
Here you can only pause/restart or abort the operation.
If you are doing a compressed backup, at the bottom of the status window
there will be a gauge showing the compression ratio. The ratio is calulated
as PackedSize/RealSize, so higher is better.
5. Data Compression and Encryption
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In order to take advantage of data compression and encryption you need the
XPK package, a set of freely distributable shared libraries created by Urban
Dominik Müller, Bryan Ford and others. XPK offers many features, among which
there are several different compression and encryption algorythms and an easy
programming interface. XPK libraries have become a standard for compression
in the Amiga world.
Data compression can greatly reduce the amount of space needed for a backup.
The effective compression rate depends on the compression algorythm you
choose in the configuration: the available XPK libraries offer a wide range
of compressors, and most of them will give you an average 30% compression,
provided that the files being backed up are not already compressed with
commonly used file compressors such as PowerPacker or archivers such as Lha.
On slow backup media such as floppy disks, data compression can also increase
the backup and restore speed, because in such situations the performance
bottleneck is the slowness of the backup device: the time gain obtained by
reading or writing less data can overcome the time waste required by data
compression, especially on faster processors.
To create a compressed backup, simply check the appropriate button in the
"Backup" configuration group: as already mentioned, a gauge in the Status
window will show the achieved compression ratio as the backup proceeds.
To restore a compressed backup, you have to do nothing particular: BackMan
does recognize by itself that the backup is compressed and does automatically
perform all the appropriate operations. There is only one point to mention:
you should take care of inserting the last backup disk instead of the first,
as suggested by the requester that asks you for a disk, because the file list
on the first disk does not contain full informations on the compressed files.
See "Internals/Compression issues" for more information.
6. Internals
~~~~~~~~~~~~
This chapter describes some internal characteristics of BackMan and is
intended to help advanced users to get the best out of BackMan.
6.1. The Order of Things in the backup
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The backup is organized in this way:
- primary file list;
- data, subdivided in blocks;
- secondary file list.
Entries are written in alphabetical order, files first, then each directory
with all its subentries.
Data is written in fixed-size blocks, eventually compressed.
6.2. Compression issues
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you do a compressed backup, the primary list will not contain informations
on the compressed size of data, so a partial restore operation will need to
read all the files in order to find out where the needed files are located.
This will not slow down the restore operation too much, because there is no
need to really decompress data: we only need to read the block headers.
However, if you plan to do a partial restore, insert the last disk of a
backup: BackMan will read in the secondary list, which contains all the
informations needed to skip exactly to the beginning of selected files.
Please note that all operations are permitted even if BackMan has read the
first (incomplete) list: they will only be slower and less comfortable
because you will need to insert all disks. Also, non-compressed backups are
not affected by which list has ben read.
42. The Authors
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
BackMan was written by
Sandro Tolaini 2:332/113.3@fidonet
39:102/507.3@amiganet
Flavio Stanchina 2:333/408.9@fidonet
Contact us for any question/suggestion/bug report.