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24-Oct-83 17:24:42-PDT,8703;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 24 Oct 83 17:14:46-PDT
Date: 24 Oct 83 1550-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #83
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 25 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 83
Today's Topics:
RE: self-ringing
MCI Mail
MCI Mail
Modem Quality
Ring-Backs
Re: what is...
area code notes, N.E.Md.
Voice message systems
Why is there no command to turn off call waiting?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Oct 1983 20:02:31-PDT
From: Robert P Cunningham <cunningh@Nosc>
Reply-to: cunningh@Nosc
Subject: RE: self-ringing
Another thing to try, that actually works in some areas, occasionally
even with business lines, is to dial your own number. If you get the
message "you're trying to call someone who shares your party line..."
then all you have to do is hang up at that point, and your phone will
ring.
If you get the message, it will work even if you don't have a party
line.
This works on all residential lines, and many business lines in my
state (Hawaii, serviced by Hawaiian Telephone, a GTE company). I'm not
sure why, and I don't know where else it works.
Bob Cunningham Hawaii Institute of Geophysics
------------------------------
Date: 23 Nov 1983 0210-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI Mail
I, too, finally received my welcome kit.
So far, I'm not terribly impressed; I've expressed some of my concerns
to the mail user "MCIHELP" -- a free address. We'll see what sort of
replies I get back.
Concerns I've reported:
The list of phone numbers does not include the 800 number. I'm not
local to any of the dialups listed. I hope that the 800 number will
remain in service.
I'm concerned about the behaviour of the "delete" key. I'd like them
to accept both "delete" and "control/h", since I am very used to
typing "delete" for corrections. But even if they can't, what they do
when I accidentally type "delete" is bizarre. Control/H DOESN'T WORK
AFTER THAT!
I've asked about the "advanced" category which presumably allows me to
bypass the menus (which I will soon grow tired of). From the
documentation provided, it appears that it may cost extra, because it
MAY (repeat MAY -- the documentation is not clear) be coupled with a
"storage" option which costs $10 per month.
Concerns I've not reported:
Since it is a VMS system, it would be nice for users to be able to use
EDT instead of the rather primitive line oriented editor. I've been
beyond that technology for over ten years.
Also, since it is a VMS system, and since I have a DEC PC-350, I'd
like to be able to use the professional file transfer utility to send
in the text of messages or to retrieve messages sent to me -- this
would eliminate the noise problem (which has often been quite severe
when I've been communicating with them).
MCI lists its obligations to its customers, which seem to be to
deliver mail -- but then says that it is not liable for any loss,
misdelivery, (or apparently anything else) caused even by its own
negligence.
It is also interesting to note that both overnight and four-hour
letters require someone to be there. This is really not surprising,
since MCI is not allowed to drop things into mailboxes. But what
happens if the addressee is out for a few minutes at just the wrong
time?
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 83 02:12:18 PDT
From: jmrubin%UCBCORAL.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: MCI Mail
It seems to me that one potential question about MCI Mail is just what
it will be able to carry. Obviously, it can't carry a 64K RAM chip or
your grandaunt's knit sweater ("Beam me up, Scotty!") but can it
carry
1) money (as in telegraph money transfers)
2) legal authorization/agreement (at the level of signature or
notarized signature)
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 83 01:47:31 EST
From: <ECN.malcolm@PURDUE.ARPA>
Subject: Modem Quality
Has anybody ever seen a comparison of the available 300 and 1200
modems that talks about their error rates? My phone is connected to a
very old and noisey GTE exchange and I am hesitant to just go out and
order any old modem. I have a good Bell 103 modem and never see
errors when dialing into local computers. Can I expect the same with
any of the available 212 modems?
Are there any standards of comparison? I would love to see a graph of
bit-error rate vs the Signal-to-Noise ratio on the line.
Malcolm Slaney
Purdue EE Dept.
{decvax,ucbvax}!pur-ee!malcolm
mgs@purdue
------------------------------
Date: 23 Oct 1983 19:00 EDT (Sun)
From: Paul Fuqua <PF@MIT-XX>
Subject: Ring-Backs
Here's a ring-back method I haven't read yet: when I was a
little kid, "everybody" knew that the way to make the phone ring was
to dial either 44041 or 44011, then hang up. I doubt this method will
work anywhere else, though. The exchanges we used were 214-239 and
214-233, both rather old (23 is AD which stands for Addison, the
location) and without any call-waiting or
-forwarding capabilities (had to switch to 214-661 to get them).
Oddly enough, in that city (Dallas), one dials 1411 for Information,
not 411, and 744-4444 for police/fire/ambulance (744 is the Dallas
city government exchange). Apparently, the cost of changing the
system to allow use of 911, 411, 611 (all the easy numbers of Boston)
is prohibitive.
pf
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 83 7:58:29 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: what is...
N=any single digit EXCEPT 0 or 1 X=any single digit INCLUDING 0 and 1
The above is what was intended when I said "N0X". With a few
exceptions, N0X and N1X are used only as area codes, with prefixes
(the next 3 digits after area code) having the form NNX. In the
following areas, prefixes are NXX instead of NNX: 212 New York City
(to be split into 212/718 in 1984) 213 Los Angeles area (to be split
into 213/818 in 1984) 312 Chicago area
"Ease of dialing" refers to the amount of dial-turning necessary if
you are using a ROTARY (not pushbutton) phone. The 3 area codes given
above are the easiest to dial.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 83 9:22:18 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: area code notes, N.E.Md.
Oct. 1983 Northeastern Md. call guide shows the 2 splits of the last
12 months: 714/619 in California and 713/409 in Texas. It also has
footnote attached to 212 New York City: "Effective mid-1984 Brooklyn,
Queens and Staten Island 718 Manhattan and the Bronx 212". However,
there is no note about 213/818 split in California, which occurs
before 212/718 split in NYC.
------------------------------
Date: 24 Oct 1983 06:25-PDT
Subject: Voice message systems
From: AFDSC, The Pentagon <Geoffrey C. Mulligan@BRL.ARPA>
Reply-to: geoffm@sri-csl
Does anyone know what companies sell voice message systems?
geoff
------------------------------
Date: 19 Oct 83 22:35:08 PDT (Wed)
From: sun!gnu@Berkeley (John Gilmore)
Subject: Why is there no command to turn off call waiting?
It occurred to me about three seconds after my first "call waiting"
disconnection that the solution is to provide a command that would
turn it off and on from your phone. No big deal, right? Allocate one
more bit and flip it off an on. This was in 1977 and I don't think Ma
Bell has gotten around to thinking of it yet...
(By "command" I mean a tone sequence like the ones you use to set up
speed calling numbers, of course. You could turn it off before
dialing your computer. It would be harder if computers called you,
since you'd be in the middle of receiving the call by the time you
knew you wanted call waiting off. The command could be one-time-only,
too; that way you won't leave your phone in "no call waiting" state
forever.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
25-Oct-83 16:07:06-PDT,4669;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 25 Oct 83 15:59:26-PDT
Date: 25 Oct 83 1600-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #84
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 26 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 84
Today's Topics:
Re: Modem Quality
MCI Mail
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #83
MCIMail; the Feds in general
1200 baud via non-Bell
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 83 00:01:41 EDT
From: Margot <Flowers@YALE.ARPA>
Subject: Re: Modem Quality
I have no quantitative data to offer you, but here is some anecdotal
information pertaining to your question.
I have used a UDS 212A 1200 baud line powered modem in a GTE area
which I consider to be noisy: from 213-393 to 213-206. (For some
voice conversations in this area, "noisy" is a mild description of the
line quality.) The only noise symptom I have noticed when using the
modem is maybe once every 10-30 minutes I get a burst of about 2-5
meaningless chars. This same modem works with no noise symptoms at
all calling from 203-787 to 203-436 (a non-GTE area).
A few times I have tried this modem on long distance calls from
213-393 to 203-436: on Sprint it does not work but on ATT it does. I
have tried calling in the reverse direction a few times (203 to 213)
and couldn't get a connection to work on either Sprint or ATT. But I
haven't tried very hard with either of them. In fact, I heard so much
noise on the line when I called MCI Mail's 800 number that I was
surprised the connection worked at all.
------------------------------
Date: 24 October 1983 23:28-PDT (Monday)
From: Tony Li <Tli @ Usc>
Subject: MCI Mail
Reply-to: Tli @ Usc-Eclb
Yes, the MCI system is definitely a Vax under VMS. I tried to get set
up this evening, and as soon as I logged in, it booted me off with a
disk full error message. (* Sigh *)
Also, I tried the usual ^C and ^Y. No effect. Clearly, they have
re-written their driver for the outside lines. I wonder what bugs
they managed to install?
Cheers, Tony ;-)
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 83 23:32:31 PDT
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #83
I heard someone say that S.W. Bell has surrendered on residential
modem rates in Oklahoma. Anyone have more definitive info?
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 83 05:09:47 EDT
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: MCIMail; the Feds in general
Well, I tried the MCI registry service tonight, and *guess* *what*:
%DCL-E-OPENOUT, error opening
DISK$NP22OEDS00:[MCIAR.PROD.CODEFILES]00690053.UID; as output
-RMS-E-CRE, ACP file create failed
-SYSTEM-F-EXDISKQUOTA, Exceeded disk quota
They're running it on a vax!! And gak, look at them filenames would
you. Naturally, I couldn't ^Y out of the com file. It looks like
they have a smart front end talking to a downline vax; the front end
actually handles the logins and starts a network file job on the vax
or something. 'Twould be interesting to know just how they're running
such a monster. Disk quota, indeed.
I've often wondered where to obtain the latest news on FCC laws and
such. Where are such laws written? Would the library be a good place
to look? Thither I went recently to look up a bunch of motor vehicle
laws, and found them in a neat little bound set of volumes entitled
''New Jersey Statutes'' - what else? Are Federal laws similarly
treated? I didn't have a chance to look around. Or would it be
easier to call up the PUC with specific questions? At the moment I'm
curious about rules concerning RFI and who's responsible, cable
networks, and cellular radio.
_H*
------------------------------
From: parsec!kolstad%allegra@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 83 18:57:04 edt
From: decvax!allegra!parsec!kolstad@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Subject: 1200 baud via non-Bell
Cc:
reply to note by STERNLIGHT@USC-ECL
We have no problem accessing almost the entire US through MCI. We
have no success outside of a few hundred miles with SPRINT. We use
MCI exclusively for our long distance data connections (typically
40-80 hours/month).
Rob Kolstad
PARSEC SciCompCorp
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
27-Oct-83 18:21:14-PDT,3687;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 27 Oct 83 18:13:52-PDT
Date: 27 Oct 83 1545-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #85
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 27 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 85
Today's Topics:
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #84
MCI
laws
TELECOM Digest V3 #84
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 83 21:11:53 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #84
FCC regulations. They are bound up neatly too. But there is a whole
damn lot of them. You better figure out which "part" you want. I
don't know how you go about getting exactly what you want. I know we
got the parts corresponding to Broadcast through the NAB and you can
get the amateur regulations through the ARRL. It seems that the
government doesn't worry about selling directly to the public but
allows other publishing companies to do so (the FAA regs are this way
too).
New regs are published in the Federal Register but that is a lot of
stuff to go through to find it. There is a telephone number in D.C.
that you can call at the F.C.C. and they have a recording announcing
FCC actions, new rules, notice of proposed rulemakings, etc... This
would likely give you an idea as to when to go down to your nearest
library (that is a repository of Government documents) and start
digging through the recent FR's.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: 25 October 1983 19:36-PDT (Tuesday)
From: Tony Li <Tli @ Usc>
Subject: MCI
Reply-to: Tli @ Usc-Eclb
Hi Hobbit,
I don't think that the MCI mail program is a com file.
Normally, if you set nocontrol, you get a pair of CRLFs. I didn't
even get that. So.... A separate program? Any ideas??
Tony ;-)
------------------------------
Date: 26 October 1983 07:58 edt
From: Dehn.DEHN at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: laws
Federal laws are compiled into something called "United States Code"
(USC). Regulations are in something called "Code of Federal
Regulations" (CFR). Both of these are many volumes; you are probably
interested in Title 47. Yes, a library is the place to go; if they
don't have it, the librarian will know where the nearest library is
that does. You can most likely find out where to go simply by calling
your local public library.
-jwd3
------------------------------
Date: 26 October 1983 19:10 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #84
If you are interested in FCC rulings there are three places to find
them. When they first come out, they appear in the Federal Register
-- usually about 2-3 weeks after you read in the newspaper that the
FCC voted on an issue at some meeting. It takes that long to write up
the vote formally.
About 2 months later it will be published in a government publication
called FCC Reports, which is found in many law libraries and other
such places.
Finally, regulations, as opposed to the full text of FCC decisions
with explanations of their reasoning, will be published in the Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) which is found in most libraries. For
example, rules about connecting things to the phone line are Part 68
of the commission's rules.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
28-Oct-83 16:52:02-PDT,1053;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 28 Oct 83 16:49:08-PDT
Date: 28 Oct 83 1647-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #86
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 29 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 86
Today's Topics:
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #80
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #80
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 28 Oct 83 1134 EDT (Friday)
From: Richard H. Gumpertz <Rick.Gumpertz@CMU-CS-A>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #80
Oslo Norway indeed does have backwards dials. Most of the rest of
Norway is forward.
------------------------------
Date: 28 Oct 83 1134 EDT (Friday)
From: Richard H. Gumpertz <Rick.Gumpertz@CMU-CS-A>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #80
So what other 800-9xx-9999 numbers exist?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
29-Oct-83 14:56:11-PDT,8096;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 29 Oct 83 14:44:38-PDT
Date: 29 Oct 83 1439-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #87
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 30 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 87
Today's Topics:
Re: Vadic vs. 212
Heavy-handed late charges by G T & E.
Sprint covers USA
Non-Bell Carriers at 1200 baud
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 29 Oct 1983 0028-PDT
Subject: Re: Vadic vs. 212
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
Vadic triple calling another vadic triple will talk vadic protocol
under most conditions.
When answering, the Vadic offers first a 103/212A initial carrier
signal, then, after a time of not receiving a reply, tries vadic
protocol, which itself soulds almost exactly like a DTMF '9' signal.
If it receives no responce, it will repeat the cycle once and
eventually give up.
The originating Vadic listens to the initlal 103/212A offering, and
after a time, will accept the offer. This time **SHOULD** be greater
than the time mentioned in the above paragraph. It is usually VERY
close, sometimes shorter. This accounts for the situation you
observed.
Upon hearing a Vadic format offer carrier, the calling Vadic will
respond immediately with its own VA3400 carrier, however.
If you want to force them to talk VA3400, which IS preferred, simply
pause a bit after the destination has answered, then active the data
switch. This increases the effective expect delay, allowing the
answer modem to time out and offer VA3400 format before the calling
modem gives up.
One other note of interest is that while I was at DECUS in Las Vegas,
I observed SUBSTANTIALLY better quality with Vadic format over 212A.
Las Vegas is "served" (if you can call it that) by Central Telephone.
The connections we were able to get, when the tandem wasn't
overloaded, were so terrible that one often had trouble with voice
communications. When I called a 212A dial-up, on several occasions,
the connection was unusable; characters constantly filling my in and
out streams. After replacing the calls to a 3400 dial-up, I had clean
error-free connctions.
This is even the case when I call from home.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 83 20:59:31 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: Heavy-handed late charges by G T & E.
Mark Bernsley is 23 cents richer today at the expense of his
local phone company, having won a decision that, modest as it may
appear, could shape national public utilities policy.
Bernsley learned Thursday that General Telephone Co. of
California will have to refund a 23-cent late payment charge added to
one of his monthly bills.
More significantly, the Santa Monica-based utility also will have
to recast its method of calculating late-payment fees on customers'
bills. How that authority is carried out could well influence how
future late-payment fees are calculated and collect by other utilities
across the country, a PUC spokesman suggested.
General Telephone, largest of the non-Bell System telephone com-
panies, had convinced the PUC in 1982 that the failure by 20% of its
2.3 million customers to pay their bills on time forced the utility to
bor- row funds at high, short-term interest rates to support
day-to-day operations.
This, the company said, increase operating costs by $8.5 million,
an unfair burden to place on the rates of the majority of customers.
Granted authority to dun delinquent customers in August, 1982,
Gen- eral Telephone quickly began levying late-payment charges. In
Bernsley's case, 23 cents was added to his bill last November,
representing 1.5% monthly interest against his unpaid balance from
October.
But Bernsley maintained that he had paid his October bill, in
full and on time. As proof, he offered the canceled check showing
that it had cleared before the date on his November bill. Bernsley, a
West Long Angeles lawyer specializing in business and tax law, queried
General Telephone, learned of the PUC late-payment charge
authorization and requested a copy of the order.
"Reading the tariff, it seemed clear to me that, since my payment
was received before the presentation date on my November bill, it was
not late," Bernsley said in an interview.
The company, he learned, has unspecified "cutoff dates" for
comput- ing customers' bills before the monthly "presentation date"
printed on the bills that are distributed in 10 monthly billing
cycles. Bernsley's payment, apparently, fell between the undisclosed
cutoff date and the "presentation date" on his bill, and so he was
assessed a late charge.
Since people all over the state were having this done to them,"
Bernsley said, "I decided to petition the PUC to get this cleared up."
That petition led to an order last July requiring General
Telephone to spell out exactly how it calculates its late charge.
We agree with Bernsley's assertion that the customers have a
right to know the actual cutoff date relied upon by General for
receipt of payment each month," the PUC said.
Bernsley appealed that decision as not going to the heart of his
grievance, and on Oct. 19 won the following modifications in General
Telephone's late-billing practices:
-- The company must refund Bernsley's 23-cent late charge, and
"refrain from collecting late charges where payment is received before
the presentation date of the following bill" until it can eliminate
the "ambiguity" surrounding the late-payment date.
-- The company's 1.5% monthly late fee must be lowered in conformity
with the formula contained in the California Constitution's usury
clause, the PUC held, since utilities, unlike charge-card companies
are not exempt from it. General Telephone was granted the right to
argue that point in its pending rate-increase case.
"It's important that this be clarified, and it will be
clarified," said Tom Leweck, a General Telephone spokesman. He said
the company collects about $600,000 a month in late charges.
Bernsley, by the way, reckons that hiring an expert to present
his case and retrieve his 23 cents might have cost "thousands of
dollars."
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 83 21:07:17 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: Sprint covers USA
The following is an excerpt of a letter I received from GTE Sprint
today:
Now you can save with SPRINT on every out-of-state call you place to
every phone in the United States. Sprint is giving you this exciting
(sic) new feature at no extra charge.
o Save up to 50% on calls to Sprint Network cities
o Save up to 35% on calls to other cities.
We're also pleased to announce that SPRINT U.S. -- Universal Service
includes calling to several off-shore locations. All of our Home
SPRINT U.S. Customers in the continental United States are able to
call anywhere in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Complete rate information is shown on the reverse.
vail
------------------------------
Date: 28 Oct 1983 2057-PDT
From: STERNLIGHT@USC-ECL
Subject: Non-Bell Carriers at 1200 baud
I have switched from Sprint to MCI, after having trouble getting modem
connect at 1200 baud on Sprint for any distance over about 50 miles.
MCI works fine. Maybe their ads are correct--they claim they use the
latest technical equipment. The quality certainly seems to bear that
out. So far the score for 1200 baud data calls is: Bell, MCI 100
Sprint, ITT 0
--david--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
30-Oct-83 18:37:23-PST,3109;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 30 Oct 83 18:30:43-PST
Date: 30 Oct 83 1826-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #88
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Monday, 31 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 88
Today's Topics:
Bell vs. Vadic
lawsuit against Sprint
telecom
800-9xy-9999
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 29-Oct-83 21:34:24-EDT
From: jalbers@BNL
Subject: Bell vs. Vadic
From a message in V3, I87 reguarding Bell 212 vs. Vadic 1200 baud, I
got the impression that some kind of error checking is done with the
Vadic. Does anyone know what is done? I am very interested..
Jon (jalbers@bnl)
------------------------------
Date: 29 Oct 83 21:48:00 EDT (Sat)
From: ulysses!smb@Berkeley (Steven Bellovin)
Subject: lawsuit against Sprint
A lawyer in New Jersey has filed a class-action lawsuit against Sprint
for allegedly billing for incompleted calls. He claims that they
start charging after one minute, regardless of whether or not the
called party answers. Sprint has refused comment on the charges, but
points out that they don't have access to the supervision circuits
(yet), and they're willing to credit customers who complain. The
lawyer points out that they very carefully don't tell people how they
charge for calls.
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 83 18:03:45 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: telecom
I forgot to state that the information concerning General Telephone's
late charges, included in Issue 87 of Telecom, 1983, was a complete
copy of an article in the Business Section of the Los Angeles Times
published on Friday, October 28, 1983. A similar article appeared in
the Santa Monica Evening Outlook on the same day.
vail
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 83 22:55:30 PDT
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: 800-9xy-9999
Here is a list of 800-9xy-9999 #'s as of 9/29/83. (dialed from 415)
(dialed during DST) 916--National Weather Service--I think Cleveland
(Lake Erie) 917--NWS--maybe Cincinatti (EDT, on River) 918-EDT Time
only 919-EDT Time, ad for Cincinatti (?) Dept. Store 920-CDT T&T from
Cintell (sp?) Bank 940-CDT T&T from 1st National B&T Co. 953-MDT T&T
from KRDO (Colo. Springs per N. Am. R&TV Station Guide, 14th Ed-- Vane
A. Jones, publ. by Howard Sams) 955 St. Louis NWS 956 Safety Fed.
Sav/KCMO T&T (K.C.) 957 WWV-National Bureau of Stds. 958 Mountain
Bell T&T, with PDT/MST--most likely Phoenix 959 Oklahoma Cy NWS 960
Albuqerque Sunwest Bank T&T 968 Albuqerque NWS 970 Republic Bank
T&T-CDT 990 Mountain T&T, request for ads 996 United Missouri T&T, CDT
998 Denver NWS
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
31-Oct-83 16:56:42-PST,4572;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 31 Oct 83 16:49:58-PST
Date: 31 Oct 83 1646-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #89
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 1 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 89
Today's Topics:
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #88
MCI system
N.Y. State Government Phones
FCC Rules and Regulations
letter prefix
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #85
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 83 23:19:37 EST
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #88
OK...if you want to get into the trivia:
303-963-xxxx is just a reserved exchange in Denver which has varous
things on it:
1111-road conditions on one side of the city.
1234-rode conditions on the other
1311-Time/Temperature
In C&P land:
301-WE6-XXXX: National Weather Service (C&P)
301-TI4-XXXX: C&P Time
Wasn't it in San Francisco that you dialed POPCORN for the weather.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: Mon 31 Oct 83 01:31:44-PST
From: David Roode <ROODE%SRI-NIC@SRI-NIC>
Subject: MCI system
Location: EJ286 Phone: (415) 859-2774
It looks to me like they have an X.25 gateway to the VAX that they
use--i.e., it is not the standard (physical) terminal driver with
which you interact.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 83 08:15:22 PST
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: N.Y. State Government Phones
There was an article in yesterday's N.Y. Times about N.Y. State's new
phone systems. It shows what large long distance users are likely to
do in the future, especially if the rates are kept artificially high
so as to subsidize local service. New York has private lines from
Albany to New York City, and will be getting in more soon, from Albany
to the cities along the old Erie Canal. Their computer system can
instantly determine, for example, that an employee code is only valid
for dialing Washington, D.C. at priority #3. If it is at 9 A.M., the
call may be routed on a cheap route to California, and back to
Washington, D.C. at Pacific Time night rates.
The system can choose between several long distance sellers, including
AT&T, MCI, et. al.
------------------------------
Date: 31 Oct 83 11:31 EST (Monday)
From: Wheeler.WBST@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: FCC Rules and Regulations
My copy of Volume II of the FCC Rules and Regulations has this entry
as a notice at the beginning:
The FCC Rules and Regulations are grouped into ten volumes and sold in
volume units by the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
Office. The price of the volume entitles the purchaser to receive its
amended pages for an indefinite period.
The volumes are then listed, showing which parts are included in each.
The address is Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Jack Wheeler - Xerox - Rochester
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 83 12:05:15 EST
From: cmoore@brl-bmd
Subject: letter prefix
In Delaware County, Pa. yesterday, I noticed that there was still a
letter prefix (215-EL6, Newtown Square exchange) on the label on a pay
phone. Phone books in the Phila. area now use all-number prefixes
(change within the last few years).
------------------------------
Date: 31 Oct 1983 14:14-EST
From: york at scrc-vixen at mit-mc
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #85
My group will be moving into new office space soon and we are looking
at commercial phone systems. The best pick so far looks like a system
from Executone, called "Command". The system supports up to 8 CO
lines and 16 stations. Each station has a speaker, as well as a
button for each of the other stations in the system (i.e. you don't
have to remember your co-workers' extension numbers) and a button for
each outside line. The price is reasonable and the people seem
reasonable. Does anyone have any experience with this vendor or this
system? Comments on other particularly winning or losing systems will
be appreciated. Reply to me unless you think that the comments are of
general interest.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
1-Nov-83 14:49:18-PST,2861;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 1 Nov 83 14:45:37-PST
Date: 1 Nov 83 1441-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #90
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 2 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 90
Today's Topics:
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #89
212 modem experience with MCI
S.F. Popcorn (V3, #89)
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #88
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #89
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon 31 Oct 83 21:26:43-PST
From: John Reuling <Reuling@SU-SIERRA.ARPA>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #89
on trivia-
No, POPCORN gets you time of day in San Francisco (as well as in the
rest of 415). To get Weather in 415, call WENDELL!
-John
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 83 13:47:00 EDT
From: scrod!johnl%ima@BRL-BMD.ARPA
From: John Levine@BRL-BMD.ARPA, The I.E.C.C.@BRL-BMD.ARPA,
Subject: 212 modem experience with MCI
I use MCI all the time for 1200 baud modem communications. When I can
get through, it works fine without noticably more glitching than Bell.
(Getting through is a pain because I'm using the Boston MCI "credit
card" access number which is often busy. The regular access which I
use from home works fine.)
On another note, I am dubious about claims that the Vadic protocol is
much more noise-resistant than is 212. On a Vadic modem it is, but
the Vadic modem is an ancient design. Modern modems may well do as
well with 212 as Vadic does with 3400.
John Levine, ima!johnl and/or Levine@YALE.ARPA
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 83 06:51:13 PST
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: S.F. Popcorn (V3, #89)
No, it's time that's P-O-P-C-O-R-N in S.F. (actually 767-abcd)
Weather is 936-abcd. (or WE6 if you prefer)
------------------------------
Date: 1 Nov 83 08:41:18 PST (Tuesday)
From: Sabiers.es@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #88
Ron,
If my memory serves me, POPCORN (or 767-xxxx, where x is any number)
gives the caller the time in Northern California (Pacific Telephone
territory).
Now a helpless GTE customer, Mark
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 83 09:47 PST
From: Swenson.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #89
"Wasn't it in San Francisco that you dialed POPCORN for the weather."
In the Bay Area, time, not weather, was ROchester 7-8900. Actually,
RO7- NNNN, where n is non-zero and perhaps non-1. POPCORN works.
Bob Swenson
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
2-Nov-83 17:23:11-PST,6233;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 2 Nov 83 17:17:43-PST
Date: 2 Nov 83 1715-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #91
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 3 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 91
Today's Topics:
POPCORN in San Francisco
Gen Tel struggles back
1200 Baud modems
Home Wiring and Choosing Numbers In Pacific-Telephone Territory
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #90
Bay Area time-of-day #
demo of MCImail
MCI mail
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 1 Nov 1983 1425-PST
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: POPCORN in San Francisco
POPCORN is our time number ("at the tone, the time will be...").
Actually, it's just (415) 767-nnnn where nnnn can be any four digits,
but CORN is easier to remember for most people.
--Lynn
------------------------------
Date: Tuesday, 1 Nov 1983 15:19-PST
Subject: Gen Tel struggles back
From: obrien@rand-unix
I am not a true telecommunications expert (though when the
wind's in the East I know a hawk from a handsaw). However, I thought
I'd mention something that's going on in the Santa Monica/Ocean
Park/Venice area which is rather obvious to everyone living here.
For a couple of months now, Gen Tel has been replacing just
about every wire pair in the entire area. There are areas in certain
intersections which have been staked out from 8AM-5PM as Gen Tel
territory every day while people work down in manholes. New junction
boxes are going in on the streetcorners, and alleys are closed down
for days while men go up poles and replace cable, even replacing the
drops to people's houses. It ranks as one of the biggest, if more
unobtrusive, public works projects I've seen.
And, for a wonder, things are getting better. My phone used
to drop off into space down at the CO about 1/3 of the time, but now I
actually can't remember the last call that didn't complete. I never
actually thought it would happen, but Gen Tel is getting its act
together. Maybe I'll actually have an electronic exchange by the turn
of the century! (Though I'll never get call waiting. I want my data
calls to stay completed. Does this mean I'd rather talk to computers
than people?)
------------------------------
Date: Tue 1 Nov 83 17:42:11-CST
From: Clive Dawson <CC.Clive@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: 1200 Baud modems
I'm starting to see more and more 1200 baud modems appearing on the
market, with the price dropping steadily to the point where they are
within reach of many people who couldn't afford them before. Has
anybody tried to put together any information to aid those of us who
are shopping around? I'm thinking of something like MIT's TERMS.INFO
file for terminals. I would hate to get stuck with a $250-$300
turkey.
The particular modem which prompted this message is the Signalman Mark
XII modem put out by Anchor Automation, Inc. I picked up a brochure
for it at DEXPO last week. It supports auto-dial and is 103/212A
compatible. An educational discount brings the price down to $265.
Does anybody have any experience with this beast?
------------------------------
Date: Tuesday, 1 Nov 1983 17:16-PST
Subject: Home Wiring and Choosing Numbers In Pacific-Telephone
Subject: Territory
From: nomdenet@Rand-Unix
I want to get a second telephone line specifically for use with my
terminal. I live in Pacific-Telephone territory, and I have two
questions:
- Does Pacific Telephone permit people to do their own house
wiring?
- Do I have a choice of the line's number, or even of the last four
digits, or must I accept what Pacific assigns me?
Please respond to me, and not to the list.
TIA,
Bert White
Nomdenet @
Rand-UNIX
(213) 393-0411
------------------------------
Date: 1 Nov 1983 2026-PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #90
From: Mike Newton <Newton@CIT-20>
In the North Bay Area (several years ago) POPCORN got you the
time, but an unknown feature of the POP prefix was that POP-0011 was
the ring- your-own phone number. (At least from the 707-64x area).
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 2 Nov 83 7:45:03 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Bay Area time-of-day #
I have seen 767 exchange listed in 415 as time of day, but I was never
able to call it long-distance.
------------------------------
Date: Wed 2 Nov 83 08:40:34-PST
From: David Roode <ROODE@SRI-AI.ARPA>
Subject: demo of MCImail
The file <ROODE>MCIMAIL.DEMO contains a transcript of a brief demo
session with MCIMAIL. I thought some people might be curious. This
file is on host SRI-AI.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 2 Nov 83 16:41:55 EDT
From: matt%aplvax@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Subject: MCI mail
[Please ignore this letter if it is a second posting - I am unsure
whether the first one got there]
---------- I tried today to register with MCI mail and everytime it
asked for type of account (busines, etc.) I got the following message
***ADB Fatal Error*** code 1 --> 000065537 code 2 --> 000000000
%NONAME-F-NOMSG, Message number 00013D14 %TRACE-F-TRACEBACK, symbolic
stack dump follows modules name routine name line line rel PC abs PC
G5ABORT G5ABORT 12 00000016 00030092 CHXDBIO CHXDBIO 754 0000021A
0002EB92 BGNUPD BGNUPD 528 0000005F 0002B56B AUTOREG AUTOREG 1769
000005CE 000251CE
Later that same day everything worked.
Nothing like tested code, huh?
matthew diaz
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
4-Nov-83 15:26:28-PST,6881;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 4 Nov 83 15:17:01-PST
Date: 4 Nov 83 1514-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #92
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 5 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 92
Today's Topics:
Requesting a phone number
MCI mail
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thursday, 3 Nov 83 16:28:53 PST
From: tekchips!wm.tektronix@Rand-Relay
Subject: Requesting a phone number
I just moved and I seem to be having a slight squabble with the local
phone company. I should mention that the company I am having problems
with is GTE, not that I have anything against them since I have never
done business with them before.
I called in to order service, and I asked if I could choose a phone
number. I've always asked if I could have a choice of numbers, and
while sometimes I've had problems talking them into it, I usually at
least gotten my choice of a few dozen free numbers.
Until now.
The first person I called said I could not choose my number. She said
that the computer assigned them and she could not alter that in any
way. The number the computer assigned me was attrocious. So I
canceled the order.
The second try got me someone who said she COULD give me a requested
number. We tried a couple until we found one that was free and not
reserved for business use.
So far so good. I got a number I wanted! When the Friday came when
my service was to begin, my phone did not work. The next Monday, I
called the business office, and they had no record of my order. After
talking to several people, including a supervisor, I was told that I
would have to start over and do a new order, AND (here comes the
interesting part) they said that I would have to take "whatever number
was assigned to me."
I had not mentioned to them that I wanted a specific number, so I
found it curious that they had "lost" my order, but somehow knew that
I had gotten a requested number. I refused to start a new order, and
requested to talk to a supervisor, since I now knew that it was
possible to request a number (it had been done for me). The operator
did not want to let me talk to a supervisor. In fact, through all
this I have never been able to talk to anyone above the first level
supervisors. Back in Texas, I've gotten as high as a vice president.
I finally talked to someone who magically knew all the people I had
talked to, and who also said that my order had been canceled because
that number was reserved for business use. I knew this was wrong, and
they changed their story to say that it was part of a block that was
reserved for incoming calls only. This person also told me that she
had talked to the lady who had taken my order originally and she had
canceled it and was supposed to contact me because that number was
reserved. When I tried to talk to the person who had taken my order,
they said she worked at another office. I called that office and they
said no, that she was, indeed, at the original office, but that she
was on vacation.
At this point I was getting perturbed at the number of different
stories I was getting. When I pointed out the discrepancies to them,
the representative I was talking to got all huffy like I was calling
her a liar. I assured her that I was not calling her a liar, but that
I had gotten at least three different stories and I just wanted to
know which was correct. To which she blithely said, "They're all
correct!"
I got a supervisor to admit that they could choose numbers, but that
it took too much time, and "if everyone did it...". Already they are
getting $30 just to throw a switch (I have my own phones, and there
was already service at the house), but I told them I would gladly pay
extra for the right to pick my number. I told them I would keep
placing orders and canceling until I got a number I liked, thinking
that would convice her that it would be cheaper just to give me a
number I want. She said they should charge me $20 every time I did
that. I asked them if they were tarriffed to do that.
That's only a brief symopsis. My complaints are: They are claiming I
cannot choose a number "because of the computer". I know this is a
lie. They also canceled my order, I assume because some supervisor
found out that one of the representatives had done something nice for
someone. They also keep lying to me.
I imagine I have no right to any specific number, in fact, I would
guess that the tarriffs say that they can change my number any time
they want to. Do I have any recourse? At this point, I am simply
doing without a phone, I'm so pissed off at them. Have they done
anything illegal? Why are all of the "good" numbers reserved for
businesses? I can understand blocks of numbers being reserved, but
this is rediculous.
I know this is probably hopeless, but can anyone out there help or
offer suggestions?
Up the creek without a phone,
Wm Leler
wm.Tektronix@Rand-relay
*!tektronix!tekchips!wm
------------------------------
Date: Wed, Sept 28 1983
From: TIM%VPIVM2.BITNET@Berkeley (Ron Jarrell)
Reply-to: TIM@VPIVM2.BITNET@BERKELEY.ARPA
Subject: MCI mail
Got my welcome package. It weighed about 2 pounds. According to it,
the advanced mode, which allows you to use commands instead of menus,
also allows you to store message for 5 days, do bulk mail, and
maintaining mailing lists. Basic service only allows you 24 hour
storage. There is also a service that allows you to register your
letterhead or signature, which will then be digitized and stored for
their laser printer. Advanced service allows you to store multiple
ones and call them as needed. This costs $20 annually to maintain the
graphics. Advanced costs $10 monthly, to cover "storage allocated". I
have a pending question to find out if that is accurate, or if it
depends on usage.
According to my package, membership in MCI mail automatically gives
you an account on Dow Jones, and vice versa, though apparently they
haven't finished the connection, because using the dowjones command
reports "Command not implemented yet." I \did/ get a set of
information and instruction sheets on dowjones though.
Seems to be halfway decent. Only problem is that the phone numbers
are only in certain cities. Still waiting to see if they are keeping
the 800.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
5-Nov-83 17:39:57-PST,3954;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 5 Nov 83 17:32:10-PST
Date: 5 Nov 83 1731-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #93
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 6 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 93
Today's Topics:
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #92
WWV #
WWV
Up the creek without a phone.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 4 Nov 1983 16:34-PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #92
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
Re: Requesting a phone number [from GTE].
Last month, in the process of acquiring Mobile Telephone Service on
the GTE Los Gatos Mobile System, I WAS CALLED by their Sales Rep after
receiving my check for $23.00 and Transmitter Specs. When the Rep
called, I asked if I could have a specific number. [I knew this
number was available, because Los Gatos has all their mobile numbers
in a certain pre-fix, and by dialing the number I wanted, I got a not
in service recording.] When I asked if I could have my requested
number, the Rep put me on hold to see if it was available. Moments
later, the Rep came back on the line and said I could have the
requested number and it would be activated in 3 working days.
Now, I don't know whether Mobile Service is treated any differently
than land-line service (of any type), but I was able to request and
get my requested number!
An interesting aside about Mobile Service... All I had to pay for was
one months Service ($23.00) up-front. There was no insecurity deposit
or connection/service establishment charge!
Perhaps the solution to your problems is to get a mobile phone!
Geoff
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 5 Nov 83 10:49:24 PST
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: WWV #
800-957-9999 now gets you an operator who asks "What City?"
(Directory assistance?) Some of the other 800-999-abcd #'s still
exist.
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 5 Nov 83 10:50:56 PST
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: WWV
Oops--I meant 800-9xy-abcd The # was 800-957-9999
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 5 Nov 83 14:59:44 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: Up the creek without a phone.
Wm. Leler writes of his frustrations of dealing with G. T. & E. He
writes that they appeared to deliberately mislead him and even seemed
to lie.
As a long time customer of G. T. & E., I can assure him that the
problems he describes are not uncommon, and that while, as has been
noted in Telecom, G. T. & E. is trying to bring its physical equipment
up to standard, it seems to be making little attempt to bring its
office employees up to the normal standards of civility and politeness
one is accustomed to.
My own experience is that the installers, linepersons, etc. are most
helpful, but that the office staff is inadequately trained, underpaid,
and overworked. Moreover they believe that the "system" works. That
is if they fill out the form initiating a certain action, e.g.
installation, bill changing, etc., that this action actually will
occur.
In recent years, it has attempted superficial improvements in public
relations -- e.g. holding open houses at its switching offices,
especially when new switches have just been installed. At the last
such open house I attended, they were replacing a Strowger
step-by-step switch, installed in the 1930's, by a Western Electric
EAX-1, designed in the early 1970's.
They have a long way to go!
Welcome to the Land of G. T. & E.
vail
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
7-Nov-83 13:09:30-PST,3769;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 7 Nov 83 13:04:26-PST
Date: 7 Nov 83 1304-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #94
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 8 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 94
Today's Topics:
L on delete and advanced features.
Toll free WWV
MCI Mail and the 800 number
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: L on delete and advanced features.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
Date: Sat Nov 05, 1983 12:37 pm PST From: MCI Mail Customer Service
/ MCI ID: 106-0184
TO: * Geoffrey S. Goodfellow / MCI ID: 103-7391 Subject: Delete Key
and Advanced Features
We do not support the delete and backspace keys to delete a
previous character, because those keys may send different messages
when used. We therefore settled on Control H so we could support all
our users in a uniform manner. What is probably happenning with you
delete key is that the previous character is being deleted, and also
whatever is on that line is being transmitted. That is why a control
key will not do anything at that point--those characters are gone. If
you ever use delete and wonder what really happened to your message,
read your draft (or outbox, if the message is sent.)
Our advanced services will have a minimum charge for storage
provided, whether or not you use that additional storage.
Craig Customer Service
5-Nov-83 21:35:14-PST,344;000000000001 Return-path:
<MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
------------------------------
Date: 7 Nov 1983 08:24:14-EST
From: prindle at NADC
Subject: Toll free WWV
WOW! The so-called toll free WWV number (800-957-9999) now goes
through to Denver local directory assistance (like 411 or 1-555-1212).
The operators there have no idea why, but admit they are besieged with
calls for WWV!
------------------------------
Date: 7 Nov 1983 1231-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI Mail and the 800 number
Since none of their access numbers are local to me, I sent a message
to User service asking if the 800 number would stay in effect.
The answer was yes.
But who knows if user services really knows anything. I sent them a
fairly long complaint about the behaviour of "delete" -- (try it; I
don't feel like explaining it again). I basically suggested that they
make delete and backspace work the same.
The response was "Precisely for the reason you have stated (one of the
reasons was that deletes occur randomly as errors, and their response
to delete is bizarre and disgusting) we tell users to use CTRL/H and
do not accept DELETE or backspace."
As most of us know, CTRL/H is backspace. And a previous reply from
user services had told me that delete was accepted, but that the
character would not be erased from the screen. And now I've almost
given it all away -- the rest of the bizarre behaviour is that after
delete has been used (or received as noise), neither CTRL/R nor CTRL/H
work properly with earlier portions of the line.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
8-Nov-83 14:34:06-PST,7450;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 8 Nov 83 14:22:31-PST
Date: 8 Nov 83 1420-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #95
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 9 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 95
Today's Topics:
sorry
MCI delete key
800-9xy-9999
HELP ADVANCED
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 8 Nov 1983 1336-PST
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: sorry
Yesterday's issue was subject to the typical Digestifier bug. I know
what the problem is, but I haven't come up with a fix for it. I can
avoid the problem manually, but like all manual operations,
occasionally something falls through the crack.
--Jon
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 7 Nov 83 20:30 EST
From: Dennis Rockwell <drockwel@BBN-Vax>
Subject: MCI delete key
Hmm... last night (at about 2245) I accidentally hit the DELETE key on
my terminal while entering a postal address, and my session wedged. I
hung up the phone and redialled (using both the local Boston number
and the 800 number), got the modem tone, but I never got any response
to my CRs. I could believe that, if they use the 800 number routing
features, that both numbers would get me to the same MCI PAD, so is it
possible that the PAD itself got wedged somehow? I haven't yet tried
to see if there is still a DRAFT (sounds like I'm insulating my
house...).
Did anyone else in the Boston area experience a service interruption
about that time?
Also, I suspect that MCI didn't want to sanction use of the BS or DEL
keys because there are terminals which send some sort of "cursor left"
or "delete character" code when such a key is struck; this would also
be the case for "right arrow" keys.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 7 Nov 83 17:39:11 PST
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: 800-9xy-9999
These numbers now all seem to give a recorded message about how they
can't complete the call. No more Oklahoma City weather, no more WWV,
no more Colorado directory assistance.
------------------------------
Date: 8-Nov-83 09:36:09-EST
From: jmh@BNL
The lack of RUB, is just one several problems with the MCI Mail
editor. When editing lines (and they put this in as a "feature") you
must enter 1) the line number 2) the old text 3) the new text. It
seems they put these three requirements in, so that if you want to
change one word, you can just enter the old word, and then the new
word. I admit that this is useful, but what about if you want to
change a phrase (5 words) wouldn't be easier just to type the whole
line over? Or how about if you want to change the whole sentence? No
provisions were made for longer editing... To change a line you have
two options: 1) Use Change (and type in old line, and new line) 2)
Delete the old line, and use insert to type in the new line.
Either way you waste time, either typing in old text, or waiting for
menus to scroll by. (unless you have ADVANCED services)
The solution seems to be... just use your own editor, or word
processor then upload the message to MCI. Quite a few people using
MCI will be using Apples, and Ataris, and other lower priced computers
which use ctrl-H, so it is unlikely MCI will do anything about the RUB
key.
I received a letter in my MCI Mailbox today (which I assume they sent
out to everyone) It informed me that I should type HELP ADVANCED to
find out about their new service. The first feature they will provide
for $10/month is ** NO MENUS **. In an average session a user might
see 6 or 7 menus (and 5 or 6 for each letter he types in). These menus
are usually six 80 column lines. It only took me one day to learn the
my options at each prompt, and now I must wade throguh menus. It
seems like what they are doing by asking for $10/month is "blackmail."
If we pay them, they won't FORCE us to see menus. All the other
services listed under ADVANCED, were certainly worth it (e.g. storage,
forwarding, multiple letterheads.) I, not using MCI Mail for
business, have no use for any of those advanced features. I am also
not willing to pay $10/month for the "feature" of aborting menus
(which should be standard and expected.)
The only thing one must consider is the fact that they are not
charging for basic monthly service or on-line charges. If they were
charging for on-line time, then abortable menus would be demanded by
most users. I feel that if I send 10 letters a month using MCI Mail,
that they should allow me to skip menus, without adding $120 to my
bill each year.
If you agree, PLEASE write them a letter (to MCIHELP) and tell them
what you think. It will take quite a few of us to push them into a
new po
------------------------------
Date: Mon 7 Nov 83 19:07:06-PST
From: Jim Celoni S.J. <Celoni@SU-SCORE.ARPA>
Subject: HELP ADVANCED
Advanced MCI Mail will be available to users beginning the middle of
November. The initial service charge is $10.00/month. If you'd like
to submit your subscription request now, send an MCI Mail message TO:
MCIHELP.
Not sure why you might want to become an Advanced user?
***** "Command:" prompts instead of menus.
As an Advanced user, you get the control and flexibility to enter
commands and options when you want them, the way you want them.
***** Address a number of people at once with a mailing list.
Create a mailing list with everyone's name on it -- and send your
message TO: the listname. A single entry -- but everyone on the list
gets the message. A list can have any number of electronic and postal
addresses alike.
***** Avoid the multiple listing for similar names; create a personal
"address book".
If you always have to select your Joe Smith from the display of other
Joe Smiths on the system -- create a mailing list just for Joe's name,
and use it every time you need to address him.
***** Forward a message to someone else.
When you want to pass along some information you've received, you can
forward a copy of the message, including a "cover letter" from you
with your own comments about what you're forwarding.
***** Choose a different "style" of correspondence.
In addition to the business-letter style on MCI Mail, you can opt to
send a more casual MEMO, where the paper copy looks just like the
electronic copy, with the complete envelope including all TO and CC
recipient names.
***** Use another letterhead, another signature.
An Advanced user can register additional signature and letterhead
graphics. Add the personal yet professional touch to your MEMOs and
LETTERs using a logo and signature that reflect a formal or informal
style.
***** A bigger Mailbox, with longer message retention.
Advanced service allows up to 250 kilobytes of storage, as well as 5
days' storage for your messages and DRAFTS. If you need more storage,
we'll increase your Mailbox by another 250 kilobytes at $10/month;
there's no limit to the size Mailbox you may have.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
9-Nov-83 14:14:02-PST,3724;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 9 Nov 83 14:06:24-PST
Date: 9 Nov 83 1407-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #96
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 10 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 96
Today's Topics:
MCI Mail and the Delete key
Restrictive telecom regulations in Germany
dead numbers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 9 Nov 1983 0451-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI Mail and the Delete key
I've sent them a message complaining again about the behaviour of the
delete key. I've told them that their reply shows that "we are still
not communicating." What I'd like to tell them is that they don't
know what they are talking about (BS=CTRL/H -- even though they say
they tell users not to use BS, but to use CTRL/H).
I've asked to speak to someone in charge when I get back from Europe
next week.
------------------------------
Date: 9 Nov 1983 0509-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Restrictive telecom regulations in Germany
By the way, since I just mentioned that I'm in Europe, I thought you
folks would like to know that there are incredibly restrictive telecom
regulations here.
I could go on and on for ages about them, but here are just a few:
Total Post Office monopoly on modems, and essentially EVERYTHING
dealing with telecommunications. (About a year ago I sent a long
article discussing this from the telephone user's viewpoint to the
digest.)
No computer may be used as a switching service between different
services.
What that means is that although I can "SET HOST" from within our
office to a system within our private network, I can only do this when
I am physically within our building. If I dial into this same local
system via a modem from outside the building, I may neither set host
nor use MAIL to communicate with anyone not on a node within the
building.
They do have a few neat things, though.
All the major trains (which run hourly on the main lines) are equipped
with payphones. You can call essentially any diallable point in the
world (the rate is twice the normal rate due to the radio-telephone --
but that's actually about the same as from a hotel).
(By the way, you can only make calls to diallable points from any pay
phone; any other kind of call must be made from a private phone or
Post Office. Credit card calls to the U.S. are not permitted from
Germany, although if you go to a Post Office and make a collect call,
the person accepting the call can give a credit card number.)
All payphones are outgoing only, although they are beginning to
introduce some public incoming only phones in a few key places -- I
could, for example, call my PC and have it call me back at the
incoming phone. They may be able to convert the existing outward only
payphones to two-way service, but there seems to be a charge
manipulation problem which they discovered when they tried it earlier
this year.
Regards/John
------------------------------
Date: 9 Nov 1983 05:26-PST
Subject: dead numbers
From: Geoffrey C. Mulligan (AFDSC, The Pentagon) <GEOFFM@SRI-CSL>
Reply-to: geoffm@SRI-CSL
Does anyone know of any dead numbers, ie numbers that when dialed,
answer but have no noise or tones? I am looking for a number local to
the Washington DC area.
geoff
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
10-Nov-83 15:35:28-PST,6491;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 10 Nov 83 15:26:50-PST
Date: 10 Nov 83 1515-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #97
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 11 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 97
Today's Topics:
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #96
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #96
Canada to US 800 Service
Auto dialing modems that can detect dial tones
More on Access Charges
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 9 Nov 1983 14:21-PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #96
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
Re: MCIMAIL, the DELETE key & speaking to someone in charge.
I notice that William McGowan has an MCIMAIL ID, as does Vint Cerf.
So if dealing with their Customer DisService fails to yield results,
you might try the top-down approach.
Geoff
------------------------------
Date: 9 Nov 1983 15:06-PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #96
From: SAC.ADR@USC-ISIE
subj: dead numbers in wash dc area
try 695-9944 or 9948.
for what it's worth... 692-9947 and 9948 form a loop around. 9947
gives you a tone; 9948 is silent. if one person calls 9947 and
another calls 9948, they will be bridged together. the tone on 9947
goes away immediately prior to the bridging.
george rezac, sac.adr at usc-isie
------------------------------
From: pyuxbb!ggr%eagle@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 4 Nov 83 18:15:07 EST (Fri)
From: Guy Riddle <decvax!pyuxbb!ggr@BRL-BMD.ARPA>
Subject: Canada to US 800 Service
Reply-to: prnews%whuxg.uucp@BRL-BMD.ARPA
/***** whuxh:pr.presstp / mhwpd!prnews / 10:23 am Nov 2, 1983*/
AT&T PROPOSES TO SET UP CANADA-TO-U.S. 800 SERVICE, Wall Street
Journal, 11/2, p.6. AT&T has filed a proposal with the FCC to
establish toll-free 800 service to the U.S. from Canada. The proposal
seeks greater flexibility for customers by allowing them to change
routing destinations at their terminals. AT&T also asked the FCC to
halve the 90-day waiting period beftween the filing and the effective
date of the new service. A similar service, proposed by Telecom
Canada for U.S. residents calling Canada, will begin Jan. 1.
------------------------------
Date: Thursday, 10 Nov 1983 07:09-PST
Subject: Auto dialing modems that can detect dial tones
From: norm@Rand-Unix (Norman_Shapiro)
I'm looking for an autodialing modem that can detect and wait for dial
tones.
Actually, it needn't be a modem, any RS232C driven autodialer will do.
I already know about the VOAD product.
Thanks much,
Norm Shapiro
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 10 Nov 83 08:03:30 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
The following is an excerpt from a leaflet included in my latest bill
from General Telephone:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Notice of Public Hearings
on General Telephone's
Rate Increase Application
The California Public Utilities Commission will hold public hearings
as listed here concerning the request of General Telphone Company of
California (General) to increase its revenue by $318.7 million during
1984. Some of General's proposed rates are as follows:
Present Proposed %
rate rate change
-------- -------- ------
Residential service -- Los Angeles
Metropolitan Areas
Flat Rate $ 7.75 $15.30 97.4%
Measured Rate 2.80 (30) 3.75 (15) 33.9
Business Service -- Los Angeles
Metropolitan Area
Measured Rate 7.20 14.60 102.7
PBX 7.20 14.60 102.7
Semi-Public Coin 17.50 44.60 154.9
Residential Service --
Non-Metropolitan Areas
Basic Flat Rate 7.75 15.30 97.4
Lifleline Flat Rate None 7.65 --
Business Service --
Non-Metropolitan Areas
Basic Flat Rate 17.20 30.95 79.0
Basic PBX 25.95 47.00 81.1
Basic Semi-Public Coin 17.50 44.60 154.9
Operator Busy-Line Verification .25 .75 200
Coin Telephone -- Local Call .10 .25 150
Foreign Exchange and Private Line rates will also be affected.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The leaflet goes on to add that rates will also increse for
Public and Semi-Public Coin Service (from 10 to 25 cents)
Private Line and Foreign Exchange Service (amount unspecified)
Service Connection Charge ($3 - 15 for
residential
and
$3 - 25 for business)
Business Terminal Equipment Services (6.5 %)
Verification and Interrupt Services (25 to 75 cents)
Usage Sensitive Service (beginning in late
1985 and "only in a
few communities")
Business Measured and Optional Residence Measured Service (to be
expanded)
Lifeline Service for Non-Measured Areas (to be made available
in more areas)
Other Services:
Charges for directory assistance -- 25 cents each after 5 calls per
mo.
Increased rates for ORTS/OCMS (Optional Residential Telphone Service/
Optional Calling Measured Service), measured local service and ZUM
(Zone usage measurement).
The average increase appears to exceed 100%. Perhaps G. T. & E. will
become a major growth stock?
vail
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 10 Nov 83 11:32:14 EST
From: A B Cooper III <abc@brl-bmd>
Subject: More on Access Charges
The flap over possible action by Congress on access charges being
levied by the BOCs is really heating up.
What surprises me is that, as far as I can tell, no one has suggested
that the long distance companies (ATT, MCI, SPRINT, et al) themselves
should foot the bill for interconnection.
After all, they are the ultimate beneficiaries of BOC access. They
could recover this expense in the same manner as any other: figure it
into the rates they charge.
Brint
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
11-Nov-83 17:03:40-PST,6382;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 11 Nov 83 16:55:04-PST
Date: 11 Nov 83 1641-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #98
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 12 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 98
Today's Topics:
Re: More on Access Charges
GenTel rate increase, etc.
Auto dialing modems that can detect dial tones
MCI-Mail charges
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 10 Nov 1983 1936-PST
From: Chris <Pace@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Re: More on Access Charges
Yes, that is interesting. It seems to me that it is a fairly
logical, if not obvious alternative to interconnect charges to the
BOC. Making the Long Distance Caller pay for the interconnect charges
seems far more fair than nailing all those folks who rarely use long
distance.
Chris.
------------------------------
Date: Thursday, 10 Nov 1983 23:50-PST
Subject: GenTel rate increase, etc.
From: lauren@rand-unix
GenTel's application is right in line with PacTel's recent
application. There's an interesting aspect to this -- PacTel (soon to
be called "Pacific*Bell") claims that much of their increase is needed
due to the AT&T divestiture. However, GenTel has NOT undergone such
divestiture, but the proposed rate structures are almost identical.
This seems to imply that something is fishy in one or both
companies... but we already all knew that, didn't we boys and girls?
If GenTel follows PacTel's lead on FX service, they will propose
approximately a quintupling of rates for in-place residential FX
service, and attempt to not install any new residential FX services.
Under the PacTel plan, in-place residential FX would end up costing
MORE than business FX!
---
The House just passed a bill preventing the activation of the
interstate access charges. The related Senate bill will probably pass
without difficulty. It is *not* clear to me at this time how this
will affect the INTRAstate access charges that have been proposed in
California. It should be noted that it most definitely HAS been
proposed that the alternate carriers (MCI, Sprint, etc.) pay into the
USF (Universal Service Fund) to help support residential telephone
services -- this is where the money would come from INSTEAD of from
the customer-based interstate access charges.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 11 Nov 83 08:58 EST
From: clark.wbst@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Auto dialing modems that can detect dial tones
I think a Vadic VA212 can...
--Ray Clark
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 11 Nov 83 09:17:44 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Apparently the tabs got lost in the message I send to telecom, issue
97. Here is a copy with the tabs expanded to blanks:
The following is an excerpt from a leaflet included in my latest bill
from General Telephone:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Notice of Public Hearings
on General Telephone's
Rate Increase Application
The California Public Utilities Commission will hold public hearings
as listed here concerning the request of General Telphone Company of
California (General) to increase its revenue by $318.7 million during
1984. Some of General's proposed rates are as follows:
Present Proposed Percent
rate rate change
-------- -------- ------
Residential service -- Los Angeles
Metropolitan Areas
Flat Rate $ 7.75 $15.30 97.4%
Measured Rate 2.80 (30) 3.75 (15) 33.9
Business Service -- Los Angeles
Metropolitan Area
Measured Rate 7.20 14.60 102.7
PBX 7.20 14.60 102.7
Semi-Public Coin 17.50 44.60 154.9
Residential Service --
Non-Metropolitan Areas
Basic Flat Rate 7.75 15.30 97.4
Lifleline Flat Rate None 7.65 --
Business Service --
Non-Metropolitan Areas
Basic Flat Rate 17.20 30.95 79.0
Basic PBX 25.95 47.00 81.1
Basic Semi-Public Coin 17.50 44.60 154.9
Operator Busy-Line Verification .25 .75 200
Coin Telephone -- Local Call .10 .25 150
Foreign Exchange and Private Line rates will also be affected.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The leaflet goes on to add that rates will also increse for
Public and Semi-Public Coin Service (from 10 to 25 cents)
Private Line and Foreign Exchange Service (amount unspecified)
Service Connection Charge ($3 - 15 for
residential
and $3 - 25 for business)
Business Terminal Equipment Services (6.5 %)
Verification and Interrupt Services (25 to 75 cents)
Usage Sensitive Service (beginning in late 1985
and "only in a few
communities")
Business Measured and Optional Residence Measured Service (to be
expanded)
Lifeline Service for Non-Measured Areas (to be made available
in more areas)
Other Services:
Charges for directory assistance -- 25 cents each after 5 calls per
month.
Increased rates for ORTS/OCMS (Optional Residential Telphone Service/
Optional Calling Measured Service), measured local service and ZUM
(Zone usage measurement).
The average increase appears to exceed 100%. Perhaps G. T. & E. will
become a major growth stock?
vail
------------------------------
Date: 11 November 1983 17:55 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: MCI-Mail charges
One nice feature about the charging scheme for MCI Mail, is that there
is no connect time charge for calling up to READ incoming mail. Thus,
unlike systems such as Telemail, you don't pay anything for time spent
reading junk mail.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
12-Nov-83 13:00:20-PST,11045;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 12 Nov 83 12:47:18-PST
Date: 12 Nov 83 1236-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #99
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 13 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 99
Today's Topics:
MCIMail
Access charges
Access charges
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 11 November 1983 20:45 EST
From: Leigh L. Klotz <KLOTZ @ MIT-MC>
Subject: MCIMail
I just joined the crowd in complaining about the control character
lossage (inability to redisplay lines after a control character is
typed), and the lack of a suitable function for the RUBOUT key. I
also complained that about having to pay $10/month if you want to get
rid of the menus.
The machine I was using this evening lost its net connection to
wherever, and I lost the message I was mailing, but not the header!
I'm reasonably satisfied with MCIMail, but I'd be interested in
hearing from people who develop uploading software for editing on
personal computers and mailing in a batch mode so you don't have to
interact with their editor.
Leigh.
[Sigh, I don't even have my welcome package yet. I registered over 3
weeks ago! --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 12 November 1983 09:20 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Access charges
Okay, let's go over this one more time. Access charges are NOT
charges for access to the long distance network; the name is a
misnomer. Everyone who has telephone service has a wire that runs
from his or her premises to the local central office. The cost to the
phone company of installing and maintaining this wire does not depend
on the number of calls you make over the wire -- in regulatory
parlance it's called Non Traffic Sensitive (NTS) plant.
This same wire is used for making both local and long distance calls.
Question: how should you recover from the customer the annual cost of
this wire (maintenance plus depreciation)?
Since its cost doesn't depend at all on how much you use it, it seems
reasonable to charge a fixed rate per month for NTS plant.
Alternatively, if the average cost per customer of NTS plant is $25,
and the average household makes 250 minutes of calls per month, you
could tack $.10 per minute on all calls (on top of actual usage
sensitive costs), and collect -- on average -- the right total amount.
With this system, you'd under collect from people who made few calls,
and you'd over collect from people who made a lot of calls. Now if I
were one of the people who made a lot of calls, and I saw I was paying
3 or 4 times my share for NTS plant, I'd look around for some kind of
substitute system where I wouldn't be paying to cover the NTS costs
for some other guy who doesn't make a lot of calls. I might get a
leased line which has a fixed cost no matter how many calls I make, or
I might build my own microwave system or put up a satellite dish.
If I do that, then the average number of minutes for all phones will
go down -- say from 250 minutes to 200 minutes (since I as a big user
was raising the average), and everybody else will end up having to pay
$.125 per minute to collect enough to cover the NTS plant.
Until recently, we've used a combination of both systems to recover
the costs. The FCC has arbitrarily divided the NTS cost into two
parts. One part--the so-called "local" part -- has been paid for by a
fixed charge per month. The other part -- the so-called "long
distance" part -- has been paid for by a per minute charge, but only
on long distance calls. These latter funds were actually collected by
the long distance company and handed over to the local company to
cover the NTS plant.
The FCC access charge decision took note of the fact that large users
were opting out of the system. So they decided that the so-called
"long distance" part would also be recovered by a flat charge per
month. The result was supposed to be fairer rates -- frequent callers
wouldn't end up paying 3 or 4 times their share of NTS costs -- and
fewer big companies would opt out by building their own networks. Of
course, once you collect for the NTS plant through a fixed monthly
cost, you can lower the long distance rate by the $.10 per minute you
were collecting.
What the House just did in the legislation it passed is insist that we
go back to the old system, at least in part. Large businesses will
pay a flat rate per month for their NTS plant. But then ALL users,
including large businesses, will pay a per minute charge on long
distance to cover the NTS plant for residences and small businesses.
You can see that the large business ends up paying twice, and the
residence or small business that makes few long distance calls gets a
free ride.
As a result, long distance rates will not go down (they may go down a
little because the flat payments being made by large businesses
reduces the amount that has to be collected through long distance
rates) and large businesses will still have an incentive to opt out of
the system.
The House recognized that these large businesses will want to opt out,
so they put in the bill what amounts to a tax on anyone's private
telecommunication system, the revenues from which go into the fund for
paying NTS costs of telephone customers. In other words, if MIT has a
private microwave link to it's observatory out in Groton, we'll have
to pay a tax on it which goes to keep residential and small business
telephone bills down.
One of the problems the bill doesn't address is how you are going to
compute the tax. Will it be so many dollars per kilohertz of
bandwidth? per kilobit per second? per voice channel? what if I'm
using it to send data? If I use the channel for packets is the tax
based on a per packet basis? Or, if I have a 50 kbps CAPACITY packet
channel do I get taxed for 50 kbps, even if I send very few packets?
As soon as you start to think about it, you realize that the proposed
tax is going to be pretty unworkable.
There's a lot more detail to the story than I could go into here (for
example, the so-called long distance NTS cost part is further divided
into an interstate part and an intrastate part and the two parts may
be handled quite differently as the rules for the former are
determined by the FCC and the rules for the latter are determined by
the state PUCs).
Now it's true that one result of the FCC plan is that large businesses
will end up paying less, and residences that make few long distance
calls will end up paying more than under the current system. That's
because, up to now, residences haven't been paying the full cost of
the NTS plant they use; they've been subsidized by the long distance
callers. The FCC has simply decided that the subsidy a) shouldn't be
continued as a matter of fairness -- why should people in rural areas
who make lots of long distance calls subsidze everyone, including rich
suburbanites? and b)in the long run, with new technologies allowing
large businesses to opt out altogether, the current system can't be
maintained anyway.
In short, I think, in the long run, we'll all be better off if the
FCC's access charge decision is allowed to stand.
Marvin Sirbu
Research Program in Communications Policy
M.I.T.
------------------------------
Date: 12 Nov 1983 1002-PST
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Access charges
The other side of Marvin Sirbu's argument is that residence customers,
faced with paying high prices for local service will be forced to do
without telephones if they can't meet the cost, or don't think it is
worth it. In short, it's big business vs. the little guy.
I don't think that a law taxing private communications facilities will
be unenforcable. The spirit of the law is to insure that the little
guy keeps his phone service. The FCC and the PUCs will adhere to the
spirit of the law when setting up rate structures and taxes for such
things. (taxes could be evaluated as each new license is applied for,
in the microwave model, private line services would be easily taxed).
The justification for this is that the phone network is designed to
work only one way, and if you opt for "other" services, you should
subsidize this primary service.
The following breakdown of services is my own opinion on what I think
should happen, can anyone give a more accurate picture?
First there is the cost of the two-wire connection between you and the
central office. Who pays for this is being decided in Congress.
Then there is the cost of the local CO switching. In my case, I'm
hooked up to a number 1 ESS machine. If I make a call to someone else
on the same switch, the call only uses the resources defined up to
here. Part of this (the part which gives you dial tone, tells incoming
calls your line is busy, rings your phone, accepts digits, decides
where your call is going, connects you with interoffice trunks or
lines on the same switch) is paid for by message units in a message
rate environment. The rest of it (the part which provides battery to
your phone, the parts which are unique to your line) would be paid for
by basic service. In an unmeasured environment, all of this is paid
for by basic service.
Then there is the interoffice trunk. I'm referring here to local
calls. We have two ESS machines in our central office, and there are
the equivalent of interoffice trunks between them. There are also
trunks from our central office to (theoretically) all other exchanges
to which we are local (in practice this may not always be true. In a
measured service environment, this is what is paid for with measured
rates. In a flat rate (unmeasured environment), this is paid for by
basic service.
This is the basic local environment. Anything else described here is
toll. Toll calls are always paid for by measured units. some Toll
calls are inter-LATA (interstate for some), others are intra-LATA.
Inter-LATA calls are carried by AT&T, SBS, MCI, Sprint, etc.
Intra-LATA calls are carried by the local operating company.
What I'm pointing out here is that the first thing I described, the
two-wire loop between you and the central office is what is being
given the largest political thrust. The basic argument that I tend to
agree with is if I don't have a phone, not only can I not call you,
but you can't call me either. If I get a phone and don't use it, the
real reason I have the phone in the first place is so that I can be
REACHED. "It's your dime" is the adage which applies here.
-jon
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
14-Nov-83 19:10:45-PST,3813;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 14 Nov 83 19:04:01-PST
Date: 14 Nov 83 1859-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #100
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 15 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 100
Today's Topics:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Location: EJ: (4
The whole matter is being handled in a manner which belies common
sense. Why single out the two dollar amount and mandate it from a
federal level in the first place? Why not just stop the subsidy from
the long distance carriers (AT&T anyway) and let the local companies
figure their own way to make it up. ?
Another ironic thing is that this is precisely what is being down with
the bulk of the subsidy from long distance to local service--resulting
in the prediction of doubled and tripled local rates.
One could say that there was a justified and an unjustified cost
contribution from long distance revenues to local service. The
justified amount was much smaller than the unjustified amount. The
larger amount is being redistributed without extreme discussion, while
people center on debating the mechanism for redistribution of the less
significant amount.
As for the tax on private communication service, why not just levy it
where the private service forms a connection with the public service?
Big businesses place plenty of calls that will be off of any network
they are liable to be able to economically come up with. Let them
economize where they can, and everyone will probably be the better for
it.
In short, the so called access charge was probably close to the right
thing, but the idea of labeling at as a long distance access charge
was absurd. Something like "urban/rural balancing component" seems
more accurate.
------- 13-Nov-83 15:22:15-PST,3094;000000000000 Return-path:
<SIRBU@MIT-MC> Received: from MIT-MC by USC-ECLC; Sun 13 Nov 83
15:17:09-PST
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End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
15-Nov-83 19:50:24-PST,5348;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 15 Nov 83 19:43:01-PST
Date: 15 Nov 83 1940-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #101
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 16 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 101
Today's Topics:
digestifier blew up again
Dialling arrangements etc.
phone ring-back
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 15 Nov 1983 1512-PST
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: digestifier blew up again
I put a patch into the program I use to digestify the incoming
TELECOM mail, but due to obvious lossage, I am forced to remove
the patch. This will mean that I have to spend more time hand-
formatting each message before sending it out. I was pleased
that digestifying only took a mere 2 minutes total every night,
now it's probably going to be around 15-30 minutes. Grr..
Enjoy,
--Jon
------------------------------
Date: 15 Nov 83 12:55:44+0100 (Tue)
From: ole@NTA-VAX (Ole Jorgen Jacobsen)
Subject: Dialling arrangements etc.
Hello friends in the telephone world,
I only just subsrcibed to this list and while reading through
the the archives I noticed a couple of questions relating to
dialling arrangements which I will answer herein.
First of all "Telegrafverket" is the old name for the
Norwegian Telco, now called "Televerket". Don Lynns phone was
made by EB which is Elektrisk Bureau an LM Ericsson sister
company in Norway. The dial is the "Oslo" or "X" dial as
explained below. EB now make our new fancy Tastafones which
are "Touch Tone Compatible".
On the subject of dials:
There are (at least) 3 types of dials in used worldwide:
o The "Z" dial is the most common (Internationally) and it
looks like this:
(4) (3)
(5) (2)
(6) (1) Pulses correspond to
(7) digits (10 pulses for 0)
(8) \\
(9) (0)
o Next comes the peculiar "Oslo" or "X" dial:
(Also used in New Zealand?)
(6) (7)
(5) (8) Still 10 pulses for 0 but
(4) (9) the rest is inverted
(3)
(2) \\
(1) (0)
The Oslo dial is only used within the city itself, we are 10
miles out of Oslo and have the Z dial, it is apparently too
expensive to re-strap the old exchanges so we are stuck with
the two incompatible phone types until it all dies and goes
TT/digital.
o Finally, in Sweden the shifted "Y" dial is used:
(3) (2)
(4) (1)
(5) (0) Similar to the "Z", but
(6) shifted so that 0 gives
(7) \\ one pulse and 9 gives ten.
(8) (9)
I am not sure what the basis of all this is, but can only
assume "Historical Reasons".
Just before the new Tastafones went into production here a
couple of years ago, it was decided to have the keypad layout
DIFFERENT to your favorite Ma Bell. The reason is apparently
that people familiar with calculators should not have to re-
program their hands when shifting to the new phones, I guess
it makes sense, but it is still a bit wierd. The keys still
give the same MFs of course so that our phones would work on
your system and vise versa.
7 8 9 1 2 3
4 5 6 4 5 6
1 2 3 7 8 9
0 * # * 0 #
Our keypad Your keypad
Enjoy International Standards!
Ole J Jacobsen
Norwegian Telecommunications
Administration
Research Establishment
N-2007 Kjeller
Norway
+47 2 73 91 75
ole@NTA-VAX
<OLE>
<370>
------------------------------
Date: 15 Nov 1983 11:03:27-PST
From: wa.HP-MARS@Rand-Relay
Subject: phone ring-back
Does anyone happen to know what the magic number is that can be dialed
and will cause your own phone to automatically ring-back after you
hang up? The number I will be calling from is (408)946-xxxx or
(415)857-xxxx.
Mail response to ashby.hplabs@rand-relay or ...!hplabs!ashby
Thanks, Wayne Ashby
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
17-Nov-83 15:12:24-PST,2850;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 17 Nov 83 15:09:35-PST
Date: 17 Nov 83 1509-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #102
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 18 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 102
Today's Topics:
Phone Ring back
costs of local service
Keypad arrangements
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 16 Nov 1983 0549-PST
From: Chris <Pace@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Phone Ring back
I would also be interested in phone-ring-back for (714)995
exchange, if anyone has it...
Tnx in advance,
Chris.
------------------------------
Date: 15 Nov 83 15:55:47 EST (Tue)
From: cbosgd!mark@Berkeley (Mark Horton)
Subject: costs of local service
Does anyone actually have some good ballpark figures on what it costs
a local phone company (maintenence and depreciation) to keep your
local loop, CO, and inter-CO trunk going, and what it "costs" to
operate them on a usage-sensitive basis? I guess my problem is that I
see local rates going up from $10/month to $20/month (wildly varying
from place to place) plus an additional $2 to $8 for this "access
charge". I don't see how part of the added cost is for your local
loop and the other part is just increased local cost. Does TPC really
spend $20/month on my local loop plus my share of the CO? It seems to
me that most of the time my line just sits there underground and
doesn't do anything - rarely they might have to send somebody out to
repair some cable of which my wire is part.
------------------------------
Date: 17-Nov-1983 12:14
From: decwrl!rhea!castor!j_covert@Shasta
Subject: Keypad arrangements
The reason the keypad in most places is organised opposite from
calculators is that Bell Laboratories (and I've also been told that
the CCITT also) did studies to determine the error rate with several
dial arrangements.
The Bell Labs studies included the calculator dial, dials arranged
circularly (so that the buttons would be in the same place as the
holes in a regular dial), and a few other arrangements.
The currently most common configuration was the one with the lowest
error rate.
However, it should be pointed out that these studies were done in the
late 50s/early 60s, long before calculators were as common as they are
now.
I don't know how different the studies would have been if calculators
had been more common. Even today, many more people use telephones
often than use calculators often.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
17-Nov-83 16:27:55-PST,2850;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 17 Nov 83 16:21:16-PST
Date: 17 Nov 83 1509-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #102
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 18 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 102
Today's Topics:
Phone Ring back
costs of local service
Keypad arrangements
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 16 Nov 1983 0549-PST
From: Chris <Pace@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Phone Ring back
I would also be interested in phone-ring-back for (714)995
exchange, if anyone has it...
Tnx in advance,
Chris.
------------------------------
Date: 15 Nov 83 15:55:47 EST (Tue)
From: cbosgd!mark@Berkeley (Mark Horton)
Subject: costs of local service
Does anyone actually have some good ballpark figures on what it costs
a local phone company (maintenence and depreciation) to keep your
local loop, CO, and inter-CO trunk going, and what it "costs" to
operate them on a usage-sensitive basis? I guess my problem is that I
see local rates going up from $10/month to $20/month (wildly varying
from place to place) plus an additional $2 to $8 for this "access
charge". I don't see how part of the added cost is for your local
loop and the other part is just increased local cost. Does TPC really
spend $20/month on my local loop plus my share of the CO? It seems to
me that most of the time my line just sits there underground and
doesn't do anything - rarely they might have to send somebody out to
repair some cable of which my wire is part.
------------------------------
Date: 17-Nov-1983 12:14
From: decwrl!rhea!castor!j_covert@Shasta
Subject: Keypad arrangements
The reason the keypad in most places is organised opposite from
calculators is that Bell Laboratories (and I've also been told that
the CCITT also) did studies to determine the error rate with several
dial arrangements.
The Bell Labs studies included the calculator dial, dials arranged
circularly (so that the buttons would be in the same place as the
holes in a regular dial), and a few other arrangements.
The currently most common configuration was the one with the lowest
error rate.
However, it should be pointed out that these studies were done in the
late 50s/early 60s, long before calculators were as common as they are
now.
I don't know how different the studies would have been if calculators
had been more common. Even today, many more people use telephones
often than use calculators often.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
18-Nov-83 13:59:24-PST,5927;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 18 Nov 83 13:50:03-PST
Date: 18 Nov 83 1348-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #103
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 19 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 103
Today's Topics:
access charges
actual costs.
more 718 follies
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 18 November 1983 00:16 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: access charges
Jon is concerned that people might drop off the network if local rates
go up. He is also concerned that CALLERS benefit if I have a phone,
and might be willing to subsidize my basic cost so that I will decide
to stay on the network and therefore can be reached. Let's look at
these two arguments separately.
The proposal in Congress attempts to keep local rates down by making
long distance callers pay for basic NTS plant. This scheme ends ups
subsidizing not only poor people, who might give up their phone
service, but also rich people, who can well afford to pay the true
cost of their NTS plant. In other words, because 5% or 10% of the
subscribers might drop off the network if they had to pay the cost of
their service up front, we're going to design a system that subsidizes
100% of the subscribers. This hardly seems like the most sensible
approach. One could eliminate the access charge just for poor people,
or just for the elderly, without eliminating it for everyone.
One can also use a declining block rate. Consider electricity
pricing. Just as with the telephone there's some fixed cost for
running the wire to your house. That cost is recovered through usage
charges. However, the usage charges decline with increasing number of
killowatts consumed, so that large users aren't paying 3 or 4 times
the actual cost of electricity. One could do the same thing with
telephone charges.
As to the problem of people staying on the network, the FCC access
charge decision recommends that evey state PUC offer some form of
"lifeline" service.(They can't require it because legally its up to
the States.) Lifeline service has a very low fixed cost per month,
but recovers NTS costs through usage charges on *all* calls, not just
long distance. In other words, it's a form of local measured service.
If you only need a phone so you can be *reached*, you can have it
cheaply. If you don't make many local calls, clearly a lifeline rate
won't cover the costs of your NTS plant. The shortfall will have to
be made up by people who do make lots of calls. But one doesn't need
to give people a low rate for unlimited calling just to get them to
stay on the network; one can give them a low rate for limited calling.
If you do the latter, people who really *can* afford to pay the full
cost of their NTS plant will order unlimited service and pay the cost
up front.
The problem with saying "let business pay for it" is that ultimately,
we consumers end up paying for it in the cost of the products and
services business supplies. And I resent the idea that my long
distance bill is subsidizing Jon's second phone that he uses only for
local calls to a TAC. I see no public policy reason why he should be
subsidized.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: 18 November 1983 00:33 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: actual costs.
The nationwide average cost for the Non Traffic Sensitive plant (your
handset, inside wiring and the local loop from your house to the
switch, and the line card on the switch) is $25 per month. In rural
states such as Nevada or Montana it can average $50 per month. The
typical $10-15 per month that most residences pay for minimal service
falls far short of the true cost.
The $25/month is not just for maintenance. The cost of installing Non
Traffic Sensitive plant was probably about $1000. If you assume 20
year depreciation and a 12% interest rate, that works out to about $15
per month just to pay off the capital cost. That leaves $10 a month
for maintenance and perhaps the cost of billing, since billing does
not depend on usage.
In Japan when you get phone service installed for the first time in a
house you are required to loan the phone company the $1000 it costs to
run the wire to your house: they make you buy phone company bonds. In
Egypt you simply pay a $400 installation bill up front.
Note that if you have electricity wires run to your house in the
woods, you pay up front for the cost of your wiring. The phone
company, however, has traditionally fronted the cost and recovered the
investment through monthly charges. Until recently, installation
costs in a new house were under $50.
As for the usage sensitive plant -- local switches and inter-office
trunks -- the average user probably accounts for about $5-10 per month
worth.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: 18 Nov 1983 1024-EST (Friday)
From: ulysses!smb@Berkeley (Steven Bellovin)
Subject: more 718 follies
As has been mentioned previously, there is a fair amount of opposition
in New York to splitting the city into two area codes, 212 and 718. A
consultant retained by the city now suggests that (a) 718 be used for
"special purposes", such as computers and paging devices, and (b) that
an 8-digit dialing plan be instituted in the rest of the city....
NY Telephone says that that option would cost $150,000,000 (as
compared with $25,000,000 for their plan). I'm surprised it's that
cheap.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
20-Nov-83 19:27:24-PST,3256;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 20 Nov 83 19:20:43-PST
Date: 20 Nov 83 1917-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #104
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Monday, 21 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 104
Today's Topics:
Bozo is alive and well and living in NYC!
Possible Access Charge Compromise
complaint
MCI Mail and Dow Jones
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Saturday, 19 Nov 1983 03:19-PST
Subject: Bozo is alive and well and living in NYC!
From: lauren@rand-unix
After New York City finishes with that "consultant" they hired
regarding the 718/212 horrors, I know someone out here in L.A. who'd
like to hire him to entertain at a children's birthday party. Does he
bring his own balloons?
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 19 Nov 1983 0702-PST
From: SEGELBAUM%UCI@USC-ECL
Subject: Possible Access Charge Compromise
I got an idea about the Access Charge; can't understand why nobody
else has thought of it. Or, perhaps it was thought of, and rejected
for some reason. (If anyone knows any history on this, feedback would
be appreciated.) Here is the idea:
Why should not the Access Charge itself be made usage-sensitive? I.e.,
if you make NO l.d. calls in a given month, you pay NO access charge
(this would seem to be elementary, and its implementation would
certainly go a long way toward reducing the public outcry from people,
and people speaking for people, who say "I never use my phone for long
distance, why should I have to pay for people who do?"). Then, for
each N minutes of l.d. use in a given month (or a given year, or some
other given time period), the access charge grades up proportionately.
I dont't see how anyone could complain about this, but I'm sure there
must be some legitimate complaint. Let's hear it.
Rob
------------------------------
Date: 19 Nov 1983 1347-PST
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: complaint
The legitimate complaint about your suggestion is that ACCESS charges
are not charges to provide long distance service, they are what the
long distance company paid to the local company to provide you LOCAL
service.
I think this point is missed by a fairly large segment of the
population. They all seem to THINK that Access implies "to long
distance". It does not.
------------------------------
Date: 19 Nov 1983 2340-EST
From: Clifford Neuman <BCN%MIT-EECS@MIT-MC>
Subject: MCI Mail and Dow Jones
Well, the welcome package does indeed include information on how to
access Dow Jones through MCI Mail. I have not tried it yet, and
intend not to until I have a better idea of what the charges are. A
rate schedule was included, but when you find in small print at the
bottom the statement that "the rates will be 2.0 times these when
using 1200 baud instead of 300 baud", you begin to wonder.
~ Cliff
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
22-Nov-83 16:39:48-PST,5106;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 22 Nov 83 16:29:09-PST
Date: 22 Nov 83 1637-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #105
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 23 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 105
Today's Topics:
New York Split
MCI Mail & Dow Jones
"? Failure characteristics of leased telephone lines"
Access charges
'Access' charges
another area 900 tel. no.
Random queries
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 21 Nov 1983 0009-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: New York Split
It is a myth that the NY area code split needs to be on geographical
boundaries or that it need have anything to do with rates.
A numbering plan, in the types of machines within the local calling
area of NYC, is purely software.
I think it is totally reasonable to put certain classes of telephone
numbers into the new area code. All mobile service, pagers, govern-
ment offices, and other clearly definable items makes more sense than
to use geographic boundaries the people calling from a distance are
not aware of.
Eight digit numbering is clearly less desirable, since it more
drastically changes the human interface to the telephone system.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 21 Nov 83 08:08:36 pst
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: MCI Mail & Dow Jones
When I tried to give the "dowjones" command 2 weeks ago, it
said "this command not implemented yet". Has this changed since then?
------------------------------
Date: Mon 21 Nov 83 01:26:53-EST
From: Ralph W. Hyre Jr. <RALPHW@MIT-XX.ARPA>
Subject: "? Failure characteristics of leased telephone lines"
A friend of mine is interested in obtaining information on problems
associated with telephone lines in general. He's trying to do
reliable data communication at 4800 BAUD with a leased line. Any
information would be appreciated.
Thank you,
- Ralph Hyre
(RALPHW@MIT-XX.ARPA)
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 21 Nov 83 11:59 EST
From: Marshall.WBST@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Access charges
I am against any access charge or any other charges designed to spread
costs. I feel thast the phone company (and other companies) should
charge exactly enough to recover costs (plus a profit). If you feel
that this is unfair for social reasons then you should set up a
program like welfare (or have the government set up the program) to
make adjustment payments. Then you will know exactly what your largess
costs and the free enterprise system will minimize costs rather than
search for loopholes in the regulations.
--Sidney Marshall
------------------------------
Date: 21 Nov 1983 2259-PST
Subject: 'Access' charges
From: Ian H. Merritt <SWG.MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
The problem with the so-called access charge (sometimes even called
a 'Long-distance Access charge', probably the reason for the popular
misunderstanding) is that there really is no good reason for
segregating that charge from the basic monthly service charge. This
segregation has had the primary effect of confusing many people, and
perhaps multiplying the controversy. There should be NO 'Access
charge' at all. If the companies need to recover some costs, this
should be included in their basic rate increase applications.
<>IHM<> [Amen --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 22 Nov 83 14:01:02 EST
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: another area 900 tel. no.
Last night, I heard of a certain cheese recall in which the following
toll-free number was provided for info: 900-200-4500
------------------------------
Date: 22 Nov 83 15:06:01 EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: Random queries
A couple of questions that have been brewing for a while...
800 routing: It's apparent that something keeps a local table of all
valid 800 *numbers*. You can dial 800-some_valid_number and change
*one* digit, and get a local recording. Is this indeed the case?
Does anyone know just how such a table is stored, and even better how
they update it when a new 800 number is defined? It also seems that
each number has routing info tacked on, since two 800 numbers with the
same ''exchange'' can go entirely different places.
Sprint cards: What is a Sprint credit card? I was under the
impression that you were given a switch access code. Is there some
way to use the credit card to place Sprint calls from [or to?] areas
that aren't served by Sprint?
_H*
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
24-Nov-83 19:53:25-PST,9616;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 24 Nov 83 19:45:04-PST
Date: 24 Nov 83 1942-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #106
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 25 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 106
Today's Topics:
Can the operator ring a phone that's off the hook?
sprint credit cards
Access Charge Clarification !
800 routing.
General Tel brings you their version of MCCS
More on 900 numbers
telco routing databases
new national standard rental rates for phones
Query: what service is the phone company committed to provide ??
French phone company experiments
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Nov 83 17:32:57 PST (Tuesday)
From: Ron Newman <Newman.es@PARC-MAXC.ARPA>
Subject: Can the operator ring a phone that's off the hook?
Is there any way for an operator to cause my phone to ring while it is
off the hook?
/Ron
------------------------------
Date: 23 Nov 1983 05:15-PST
Subject: sprint credit cards
From: SAC.ADR@USC-ISIE
Sprint has a travel card feature. They give you a list of Sprint
access numbers in all the cities where SPC has a switch. You dial the
access, enter your account number, enter a code telling the machine
you're not calling from your home switch, and then enter the number
you're calling. Travel calls show separately on the bill, cost the
same as regular calls. SPC doesn't charge extra for the service like
MCI does. You can call from any place with a Sprint switch, and to
any place Sprint normally allows you to call.
A useful application of the travel card is opening one Sprint account,
and giving your account number to <trusted> people -- family? business
associates? -- in several parts of the country. Naturally, everyone
has to keep track of which calls they made, and this method assumes
everyone's honesty.
George Rezac, SAC.ADR
------------------------------
Date: 23 November 1983 13:14 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Access Charge Clarification !
I am sorry, I don't agree with Jon's message. It is clearly
understood that if the access charges were not utilized, the long
distance common carriers "CAN" bypass economically the local access
transport areas (LATA's) which are controlled by respective local
phone companies. Thus, the local phone companies, who maintain the
dial tone service, will be hurt - the quality of local lines may be
hurt - therefore, may be harmful to innocent non-long distane users.
Without such Access Charge theory, the long distance common carriers
can bypass via various means; microwaves, computer networks, private
phone equipment systems, etc. It is my clear understanding that Judge
Greene thought of such "Access Charge" idea to prevent innocent local
phone companies from being crushed out for at least another ten years.
However, I am against such charges just because they are not fair to
those customers (regardless of residential or business usage) who may
never need the long distance carriers features. Can you suggest any
better solution to make three parties: customers, local operating
companies, and long distance common carriers be reasonable satisfied
on their wants and economic needs?
Happy Thanksgiving!
<LJ>
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 23 Nov 83 11:38:37 EST
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: 800 routing.
It was mentioned by AT&T at one of the UNIX meetings that every 800
call placed gets processed by two UNIX machines for routing.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: 23 Nov 1983 2031-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: General Tel brings you their version of MCCS
Like AT&T's version of MCCS, GTE's accepts a DTMF dialed calling card
after a 0+ call.
Also like AT&T's version, sequence calls can be made if the called
party doesn't answer or after they've hung up. Pressing "#" allows a
new telephone number to be entered.
AT&T accepts another domestic (0+number or just number, but not 1+) or
international (01+country+number but not 011+country+number). This
emphasizes the fact that additional calls are still at the calling
card rate.
Both of these work on GTE; however, GTE seems to have implemented this
by simply ignoring the leading 0. This means that if someone dials 1
612 333 1234 on AT&T he gets an error, because he should really have
dialed a 0 or no access code. On GTE, he is likely to reach a number
in Sydney, Australia. And find $9.45 on his bill.
------------------------------
Date: 24 November 1983 04:11 est
From: Lauer.SoftArts at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: More on 900 numbers
If you dial information for the 900 exchange (900-555-1212), you will
get a recording that reads the 900 "phone book" to you. Needless to
say, it is quite short.
/Hugh Lauer
------------------------------
Date: 24 November 1983 09:51 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: telco routing databases
AT&T has been offering for about a year a service in which you dial a
single 800 number, but the call gets routed to different actual
numbers (locations) depending upon where you are calling from or the
time of day.
Does anyone know anything about how the routing tables for this
service are organized? Is there one copy of the database that every
switch accesses over the CCIS network? Are there multiple copies one
at every switch? Is the database partitioned, perhaps by the exchange
number?
Any pointers to written references would also be appreciated.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: Thu 24 Nov 83 10:30:50-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: new national standard rental rates for phones
BELL PHONE RENTAL RATES SET TO NATIONAL STANDARD
=====================================================
( New York Times Service )
NEW YORK - The Federal Communications Commission set standard national
rental rates for millions of Bell System telephones Wednesday, and
ruled that after a two-year transitional period starting Jan 1, phone
rentals and sales would no longer be subject to regulations.
The commission decision, which affects an estimated 120 million
telephones rented by consumers and businesses, clears up one of the
last major uncertainties facing users in connection with the coming
breakup of the ATT company. It will allow customers to make more
informed choices about wether to continue renting their phones or to
buy them.
Most telephones are rented from the local Bell companies at rates set
by state commissions. These rates vary from state to state. Because
the rates announced Wednesday will be national in scope, they will
bring down some rental charges and raise others. In addition,
starting Jan 1, state commissions will no longer have jurisdiction
over phone rental rates.
When the Bell System is broken up Jan 1, ..., ownership of the phones
will shift from the local companies to AT&T under the approved
divestiture plan.... ... The new national rate ceilings will range
from $1.50 a month for a standard rotary-dial phone to $4.60 a month
for a Trimline Touchtone telephone. ... After Jan 1, 86, ATT would
be able to charge whatever it wants .... or even stop renting them
...... ......
------------------------------
Date: Thu 24 Nov 83 10:46:00-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: Query: what service is the phone company committed to provide
Subject: ??
Thinking about digital interlacing of phone communications, I wondered
if the phone company is committed to provide a communications channel
of a certain band-width to me. and from there I realized, that I
never got a contract from the phone company, spelling out what service
they are giving me for my money. So ....
Given that I develop some nifty black box which uses the analog
channel (voice-grade) to do a certain job, when the next thing I
notice, the phone company goes to digital communications via a
satellite, and my nifty communications network falls apart due to
timing problems and limitations of the digital communication (well,
lets say, before I was able to transmit at 2400 Baud, and now I can't
anymore).
What recourse do I have? And what exactly is the service that I have
a right to by paying my monthly dues?
And, for good measure, what's the max Baud rate which anyone has
achieved over public voice-grade phones ???
Cheers, ( very small ones, when I think of the coming phone
rates )
---Werner
------------------------------
Date: 23 Nov 1983 12:22 EST (Wed)
From: Kimberle Koile <KK@MIT-XX.ARPA>
Subject: French phone company experiments
I am looking for a reference describing the French phone company's
experiments to put computer terminals in customers' homes in place of
paper phone books. Any leads would be appreciated.
Thank you,
Kimberle Koile
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
27-Nov-83 09:21:54-PST,6430;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 27 Nov 83 09:14:14-PST
Date: 27 Nov 83 0913-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #107
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Monday, 28 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 107
Today's Topics:
French PTT's home computer access
TELECOM Digest V3 #106
Cross directory assistance
Social Impacts Graduate Program at UC-Irvine
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 25 Nov 1983 1117-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: French PTT's home computer access
I believe this has long passed the experimental stage and is now a
reality in many cities in France. Free terminals (small screens and
keyboards -- I saw several of them at Telecom 83 in Geneva) to anyone
who will give up access to phone books.
You might be able to get more information by calling the New York City
number for Telecom France (the U.S. subsidiary of the French PTT).
------------------------------
Date: 25 November 1983 14:50 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #106
It's not Judge Greene but the FCC which has proposed access charges.
Judge Greene is actually opposed, but he has no jurisdiction over the
issue.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: 25 Nov 1983 1554-PST
From: Ted Shapin <BEC.SHAPIN@USC-ECL>
Subject: Cross directory assistance
I am told that in the Chicago area, you can dial (312)796-9600, are
asked "Number please?" and if you furnish a local number be told the
name and address to which that number belongs.
Does anyone know of a similar service in the (213) (714) areas?
Ted.
------------------------------
Date: 25 Nov 1983 1414-PST
From: Rob-Kling <Kling%UCI@USC-ECL>
Subject: Social Impacts Graduate Program at UC-Irvine
CORPS
-------
A Graduate Program on
Computing, Organizations, Policy, and Society
at the University of California, Irvine
This interdisciplinary program at the University of
California, Irvine provides an opportunity for scholars and
students to investigate the social dimensions of computerization
in a setting which supports reflective and sustained inquiry.
The primary educational opportunities are a PhD programs in
the Department of Information and Computer Science (ICS) and MS
and PhD programs in the Graduate School of Management (GSM).
Students in each program can specialize in studying the social
dimensions of computing. Several students have recieved graduate
degrees from ICS and GSM for studying topics in the CORPS
program.
The faculty at Irvine have been active in this area, with
many interdisciplinary projects, since the early 1970's. The
faculty and students in the CORPS program have approached them
with methods drawn from the social sciences.
The CORPS program focuses upon four related areas of
inquiry:
1. Examining the social consequences of different kinds of
computerization on social life in organizations and in the
larger society.
2. Examining the social dimensions of the work and industrial
worlds in which computer technologies are developed,
marketed, disseminated, deployed, and sustained.
3. Evaluating the effectiveness of strategies for managing the
deployment and use of computer-based technologies.
4. Evaluating and proposing public policies which facilitate
the development and use of computing in pro-social ways.
Studies of these questions have focussed on complex
information systems, computer-based modelling, decision-support
systems, the myriad forms of office automation, electronic funds
transfer systems, expert systems, instructional computing,
personal computers, automated command and control systems, and
computing at home. The questions vary from study to study. They
have included questions about the effectiveness of these
technologies, effective ways to manage them, the social choices
that they open or close off, the kind of social and cultural life
that develops around them, their political consequences, and
their social carrying costs.
The CORPS program at Irvine has a distinctive orientation -
(i) in focussing on both public and private sectors,
(ii) in examining computerization in public life as well as
within organizations,
(iii) by examining advanced and common computer-based
technologies "in vivo" in ordinary settings, and
(iv) by employing analytical methods drawn from the social
sciences.
Organizational Arrangements and Admissions for CORPS
The primary faculty in the CORPS program hold appointments
in the Department of Information and Computer Science and the
Graduate School of Management. Additional faculty in the School
of Social Sciences, and the Program on Social Ecology, have
collaborated in research or have taught key courses for students
in the CORPS program. Research is administered through an
interdisciplinary research institute at UCI which is part of the
Graduate Division, the Public Policy Research Organization.
Students who wish additional information about the CORPS program
should write to:
Professor Rob Kling (Kling.uci-20b@rand-relay)
Department of Information and Computer Science
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, Ca. 92717
or to:
Professor Kenneth Kraemer
Graduate School of Management
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, Ca. 92717
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
28-Nov-83 17:44:28-PST,8406;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 28 Nov 83 17:33:47-PST
Date: 28 Nov 83 1731-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #108
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 29 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 108
Today's Topics:
Customer Name/Address
French PTT's disemanation of home terminals (not "computers")
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #106
Customer Name and Address (CNA)
Dow Jones via MCI Mail
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun, 27 Nov 83 10:56:49 PST
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley (AJ76)
Subject: Customer Name/Address
The service mentioned in Telecom 3/107 where one can dial and get a
name for a given telephone number is a bureau of the telephone company
called customer name/address, or CN/A. It is normally used when
somebody calls the business office wanting to know about some long
distance call they don't think they made, and want to know who belongs
to that number (i.e., maybe they did make it, they just don't remember
the number).
CN/A is not supposed to be for the customer's use, and something
tells me that Ma Bell won't be too thrilled that any numbers have
gotten out.
Phil
------------------------------
Date: 27 Nov 1983 1207-PST
From: Rob-Kling <Kling%UCI@USC-ECL>
Subject: French PTT's disemanation of home terminals (not "computers")
I know a little bit about the French effort through
experiences in a recent visit to France and through some French
academic colleagues who are studying different aspects of the
telephone /terminal program.
First and foremost, the program was based on an effort of the
French PTT to find new work for a large software staff and also in
the hopes of stimulating a French based terminal industry.
The strategy reflects centralized French styles of activity
and also an attempt for the PTT to maintain substantial control
over resulting developments.
For example, the current system is "closed" in that it is difficult
to connect a terminal of a random brand to the system. I don't
know the terminal standard, but it does not seem to be widely in
use outside the phone setup. This is different than the "open"
strategy adopted by IBM in marketing its PC and thereby stimulating
a vast market of 3rd party suppliers for associated hardware,
software, and even copycat ("clone") machines.
It does not appear that the PTT's terminals can be easily
employed for use with other systems for database inquiries. The
terminals can not be expanded into a PC, for example, by having a
household purchase add-on boxes and software (e.g., operating
system applications). _
Consequently, the chances that the home terminals will
stimulate home computer use, as have say, Apple's in the US, is
much reduced.
I do not know about the quality of actual phone service
through the terminals.
The French PTT ran an electronic mail system at IFIP'83
(Teletel) in Paris this last September. Many people tried the mail
system (all registrants were given mail id s.) Few could log in;
fewer still actually sent mail. The mail system stimulated alot of
conversation and "communication." -- in front of the terminals
where small clusters of conference participants were trying to
figure it out. All the system commands and documentation were in
French - at an International Conference. (After all, French is THE
international language. In Paris.)
The PTT specified keyboards for Teletel come in two varieties:
Dvorak and a linear alphabet (A.B.C.D.E......) for hunt and peck
typists. There is no QWERTY model. This, in itself, is an
interesting move. The costs of trying to de-institutionalize
QWERTY may well be to make the system unattractive for people who
have learned to type or who must type at high speed on any other
system. (This is the keyboard for promoting their new electronic
mail system. I'm not sure whether the same keyboard layouts are
used for the home telephone directory systems.)
Teletel is NOT the directory system. However, since the PTT
was showcasing Teletel at IFIP'83, I suspect that some high level
official thought it was worthy of prominent display.
French phone service has improved dramatically in the last 5
years. Perhaps 60% - 70% of French households have telephones. In
1970, the fraction was closer to 25-30%. (These numbers are very
rough and not accurate.) Pay phones are rare compared with, say,
Newport Boulevard in Newport Beach or University Avenue in Palo
Alto. If you walk along a comparable commercial street in, say,
Dijon, you will have trouble finding a pay phone. Usually there
are a few pay phones in the downtown areas of medium sized French
towns. Phone service in France is somewhat less accessable than in
the US, and the French efforts are very different than what ATT
would do.
It is worth tracking the French efforts. While "households
are getting terminals," this is not quite "the computerization of
society." These French efforts provide a rich case in which central
policies which spread some elements of computerization to
households are deeply intertwined with cultural approaches, the
attempts of a central government to stimulate segments of an
internationally competitive computer industry, and the political
economy of the French PTT. An interesting saga is unfolding.
Most of the useful materials about these efforts are written
in French.
Rob Kling (Kling.uci-20b@rand-relay)
------------------------------
Date: 27 Nov 1983 1543-PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #106
From: Ian H. Merritt <SWG.MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Marvin:
The telco routing databases you asked about are described in
considerable detain in the following articles:
Sheinbein, D. and R. P. Weber, "800 Service Using SPC Network
Capability", BSTJ Vol. 61, No. 7, Part 3, P 1737, Special
issue "Stored Program Controlled Network", September 1982.
Haas, C. W. et al, "800 Service Using SPC Network Capability--
Network Implementation and Administrative Functions", BSTJ
Vol. 61, No. 7, Part 3, P 1745, Special issue "Stored Program
Controlled Network", September 1982.
Other interesting articles on related items are also found in this
issue.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 28 Nov 1983 0819-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Customer Name and Address (CNA)
CNA numbers exist everywhere (sometimes one number for a multi-state
region or several numbers for a multi-operating company state).
The Chicago area is the only area I know of where the number is public
knowledge. In other areas the number is a closely guarded secret.
Private directory companies used to produce a reverse listing of this
type; some may still (check your library for the city directory), but
the company in this area stopped about three years ago.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 83 08:51:54 pst
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: Dow Jones via MCI Mail
This service now works. One thing which you should know is that the
logout word on Dow Jones is "disc"--if you got a Dow Jones account in
a more usual way, you'd have this info, but with one of these
subsidiary accounts, that might be a problem. Fortunately, as long as
you are in //intro, you are not being charged connect time, so hanging
up the phone isn't that bad. (For some reason, Mike Cane, in his
"Computer Phone Book" did not give this info, and how I log out is
usually the first piece of info I want to know when I use a system,
especially one which costs.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
29-Nov-83 16:44:43-PST,5715;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
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Date: 29 Nov 83 1637-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #109
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 30 Nov 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 109
Today's Topics:
French Terminals
another cordboard retired
New phones and calling cards
And MCI responds...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 29 Nov 1983 0123-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: French Terminals
Most of the French terminals I have seen use the French AZERTY
keyboard, since the QWERTY keyboard has never been used in France.
One would expect the instructions on how to use a French system would
be in French, especially at an international conference in Paris.
Just as most Americans expect people who come to this country to speak
English, the French expect visitors to have a knowledge of French.
I know French just well enough to get myself in trouble... but I've
found that making that effort breaks the ice, and the French are
willing to meet me half way. The French are very proud of their
language and its relationship to their culture, and are usually much
colder to someone who speaks none.
My experiences in Germany are somewhat different. I speak German
completely fluently -- but I have to lay down the law -- no English at
all -- otherwise many of my friends and co-workers (and fellow
students when I was in high school there) would use me as an
opportunity to improve their English.
Keyboards in Germany are also not QWERTY; they are QWERTZ. The Z and
the Y are reversed, since Z is a very common letter in the German
language, it would be a serious problem for it to appear in the worst
position on the keyboard. Y, however, appears only in words of
foreign origin.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 83 8:27:00 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: another cordboard retired
Philadelphia Inquirer, Saturday 26 Nov., page 3A had short article
with photo about one of the last old "cord board" telephone
switchboards to be replaced shortly at Live Oak, Fla.
------------------------------
Date: 29 Nov 1983 1335-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: New phones and calling cards
In case you were wondering whether your next calling card would come
from AT&T or your local operating company -- the following information
appeared on an AT&T news line.
I called New England telephone to ask them what was happening, and
they said that the calling card which they issued would also be valid
until 1985, which is how long they plan to act as a billing agent for
AT&T.
Though AT&T says their card is valid from any telephone in the United
States, I wonder about calls within the LATA. And whether the new
AT&T phones can be used for calls within the LATA. I suppose AT&T can
connect with the local operating company for completion of the intra
LATA call. The operating companies will be getting the existing
Charge-a-call phones, since they are connected to operating company
exchanges and can definitely be used for intra-LATA calls or for calls
on carriers other than AT&T.
By the way, there are phones in a few places in Europe where you
insert a card which you have purchased at the local operating
authority. As the call proceeds, the card is used up.
The AT&T article follows:
-------------------------------------------------- AT&T has introduced
its new charge card and a first of its kind public phone that will
allow the customer to charge calls by inserting the card into the
computerized phone.
The AT&T card customer will be able to charge calls from any telephone
in the United States and from approximately 150 foreign countries.
The company plans to mail 47,000,000 cards to its existing telephone
company calling card customers in early January.
The card caller phones will be accessible in a variety of public
places such as airports, major convention centers, and hotel lobbies.
The first are scheduled to go into service in the Greater Cincinnati
airport on January 1.
While customers will be able to use the AT&T card to charge calls from
any phone, only the new card caller phones are designed to read
billing information directly from a magnetic strip attached to the
back of the AT&T charge card.
Callers will also be able to make collect calls and third party
billing calls from these phones. The new phones will not accept
coins.
AT&T is also investiging the possibility of enabling the card caller
phone to accept major credit cards.
The AT&T card caller phones will be equipped with video display
screens to give step-by-step instructions for using the phones.
Initially these instructions will print in English. Eventually
customers will be able to select from a number of languages.
------------------------------
Date: 29 Nov 1983 1630-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: And MCI responds...
MCI also plans to put in their own phones -- the first ones at
Washington's National Airport next week.
They will accept Visa and Mastercard and will place calls for anyone
whether an MCI subscriber or not, at rates lower than AT&Ts. Their
own subscribers will get lower rates than non-subscribers.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
30-Nov-83 18:26:12-PST,7547;000000000000
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Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 30 Nov 83 18:15:49-PST
Date: 30 Nov 83 1819-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #110
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 1 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 110
Today's Topics:
Re: French Terminals
MCI makes progress in plans to provide dial service to Europe
Rates for long-distance
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 28 Nov 1983 2335-PST
From: Rob-Kling <Kling%UCI@USC-ECL>
Subject: Re: French Terminals
Thanks for your note. I checked my Teletel brochure and find that one
keyborad option is AZERTY. I was wrong in identifying it as Dvorak.
[An aside: I have found the French I've met in Paris and provincial
cities extremely courteous and helpful. They often appreciate my
attempts to speak elementary French. Stories of "arrogant Parisians"
who expect impecable French can probably be matched by stories of
arrogant New Yorkers who won't tolerate poor English. I have met
arrogant French, but they are much the exception as are arrogant
Bostonians, etc.]
French once was THE international langauge, and I have found that some
French technologists and public officials emphasize French as an
official language. English, for example, is the official publication
language for IFIP. French is not. At the IFIP'83 Congress, all
sessions were translated into French (the host language) and English.
It is in this context that I thought the French-only instructions for
Teletel "uncompromising."
The main problems with the Teletel system were not the French
instructions. First, the system often registered as "busy" after one
probed through several levels of menuing and at times that it appeared
lightly loaded. The IFIP Congress actually drew about 50% of the
expected attendence, and Teletel was the only medium for sharing
messages with colleagues. No "official" bulliten boards - Teletel. If
it was actually "busy" as often as indicated, the PTT installed a
significantly undersized system.
Second, the system's responses were often cryptic & it appeared to be
nearly impossible to send messages during the first day or two of the
Congress when one did get a set of system prompts which indicated that
it was "working."
These experiences lead me to wonder about the conditions under which
Teletel (and other PTT sponsored systems) are designed and deployed.
There is little competition. Competition alone does not insure good
human factors. (It is difficult to believe that UNIX has come so far
and still remains sensitive to the case of commands!) However, there
are some virtues to many-party competitive markets, and that is not
likely in the short run in France re. these products. I suspect that
the PTT was trying to showcase Teletel and they installed an
unworkable package. I interpreted their French-only instructions as a
sign that conference iparticipants would have to deal with Teletel on
terms set by its designers and the PTT. No compromises. This is,
perhaps, a misreading of the rationale for French only documentation.
It is not the first time in history of computing that a product is
clumsy or unworkable.
However, back to the main point: This limited exposure to Teletel does
not encourage me to expect that users of the PTT provided telephone
terminal system have an easy time using it.
Perhaps some readers of Telecom have had direct experience with the
Fench terinal directory systems in a household setting.
Rob Kling
------------------------------
Date: 29 Nov 1983 2250-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI makes progress in plans to provide dial service to Europe
MCI announced that they have received permission to conduct
engineering trials of directly dialed calls into Belgium and Greece.
MCI has had difficulty connecting with the European operating
authorities, who are quite concerned about the break-up of AT&T's
monopoly. Currently European countries are only willing to connect
with AT&T for voice service.
They are quite fed up with the situation they face in the telex,
teletex, and data communications marketplace, where they have to
interconnect with multiple IRCs.
Facing the same situation in voice communications, including a
requirement to permit their subscribers to choose a carrier when
calling a party in the U.S. (as they must with record communications),
is causing increasing concern.
Though MCI emphasizes they do not have any operating agreements with
any European countries, this is the first indication that they are
making progress at all.
The Federal Government recently struck down AT&T's monopoly on
international voice communications, permitting MCI to begin service to
and from Canada.
MCI is also working on an agreement to provide service to and from
Australia.
[Note that there is really no reason for calls to Europe to cost three
or four times more than calls to Hawaii. We may see some interesting
changes in telephone rates. Of course there is not necessarily any
requirement that, for example, the German Post Office, even if they do
permit calls to be placed from Germany on MCI circuits, would offer
rates lower than the current rates, which are approximately $4/minute.
AT&T's rates from the U.S. to Continental Europe are 1.33, 1.00, and
.80 per minute depending on the time of day. They might also, then
decide not to permit their subscribers to choose the carrier, but
rather simply do some form of load balancing on each carrier's
circuits.]
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 30 Nov 83 12:03:18 EST
From: Will Martin (DRXAL-FD) <wmartin@brl-bmd>
Subject: Rates for long-distance
Will any of these new long-distance alternatives and/or mechanisms
eliminate the disparity between the rate charged for a call from your
home phone and one placed from another phone TO your home phone?
It has long irritated me that, when I travel, I cannot make a call
FROM a pay or hotel phone TO my home at the same rate as my wife can
make the call FROM my home phone TO me at the remote location. Even
with no operator assistance, using an automated calling card entry
system, there is still an add-on calling-card-use charge, at least in
the locations I have called from. Also, are not the rates different
when calling from within different BOC areas?
I've never understood the charge for calling-card use; I would think
that it costs the electronic billing system the same to pick the
bill-to codes off the identification of the calling line, as is done
when you call from your own phone, or to enter the bill-to data from a
calling-card data entry process. So why the surcharge? (Of course, to
gouge the ratepayers if they can get away with it -- but why does any
Public Service Commission (or equivalent) allow it?)
I suppose using one of the alternative services (MCI, SPRINT, etc.)
may get the same rate for the call, no matter which direction it goes,
but I don't have one of these yet, not having Touch-Tone. Will any of
the new procedures or methodologies eliminate the disparity?
Will Martin (WMartin@Office-3)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
1-Dec-83 14:41:28-PST,11798;000000000000
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Date: 1 Dec 83 1435-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #111
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 2 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 111
Today's Topics:
Add-on charges for special billing
needing touchtone for MCI/Sprint etc..
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #110
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 30 Nov 1983 2337-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Add-on charges for special billing
Back in the "good ol' days" when there was only one rate for calls,
whether direct-dial, operator-assisted, coin, non-coin, credit-card,
collect, bill-to-third-number, etc. the cost of each kind of service
was cross-subsidized by others.
The first lower rates were introduced for direct-dial. All operator
assisted rates were still the same. Even those lower rates included a
portion to subsidize operator-assisted calls charged at the
direct-dial rate (either from or to places without direct-dial).
In an attempt to compete with other carriers, AT&T offered to reduce
the credit-card rate to 50 cents over and above DDD. The competitors
cried "foul" -- the increase in third party, collect, etc. is being
used to subsidize credit card in order to unfairly compete with us.
The FCC agreed and ordered the higher charge. When I talked to them
they said they would consider a lower rate whenever AT&T could
demonstrate that most calls were made without an operator.
Even after all the additional manpower costs are removed -- i.e.
calling card works everywhere, there is still an administrative cost
-- the system handling calling cards still costs money. It still
costs money to have the additional equipment (or special phones) to
accept the billing information. It still costs money to issue the
special billing cards and/or security codes. And it still costs money
for the Revenue Accounting Office in Seattle to notify the RAO in
Tampa that a charge should be assessed to the local billing address.
So it's for the same reason that many gas stations charge more for
using a gas credit card. In fact, on a twenty gallon fillup, it's
just about the same surcharge as for using your AT&T card.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 30 Nov 83 23:55:40 EST
From: Margot <Flowers@YALE.ARPA>
Subject: needing touchtone for MCI/Sprint etc..
I suppose using one of the alternative services (MCI, SPRINT,
etc.) may get the same rate for the call, no matter which
direction it goes, ... Will any of the new procedures or
methodologies eliminate the disparity?
Sprint and MCI both specify their rates by distance, so direction of
call (assuming they're in the same time-rate period) doesn't matter.
Except that MCI is apparently already instituting differential charges
based on how a call is placed at their airport locations, depending on
if the user is a member or not (prior digests).
... but I don't have one of these yet, not having Touch-Tone.
I guess it's not always clear that you don't need to have touch tone
service to use MCI, Sprint, etc. You can use normal rotary service to
call them and then all you need is some sort of touch tone generation
to communicate with their computers once you connect.
Sprint will "install" (unscrew one mouthpiece and screw on another) a
little touch tone generator on your dial phone if you want. However,
I prefer buying a portable touch tone generator. These are little
boxes with number buttons on them and a speaker on the back that the
sound comes out of, which you hold up to the mouthpiece of whatever
phone you're at. (They resemble calculators without displays, which
mystifies people who can't figure out what they really are.)
Expensive ones with memory are advertised to the high-tech crowd in
magazines and in catalogs like Sharper Image, JSA, etc. However, I
got one with no memory from Radio Shack for about $20.
The advantage of a portable one is that, besides using it at home, it
allows you to place Sprint/MCI calls wherever you might be. For
example, my office has a dial phone, so without the tone generator, I
could not use my Sprint account from my office. [Since normal long
distance calls can't be placed from my office, I would have NO access
to long distance for my own calls if I didn't use Sprint and the tone
generator.] When I travel, I often still cannot find a touch tone
phone to use (pay-phone or in my room) so without it I would have
quite high long distance bills when I travel. Besides, a year of
touch tone service from the phone company costs at least that.
(Sometimes you discover that touch tone works for normal dialing even
though supposedly the phone has only rotary service).
[By the way, it seems to me that Sprint's big advantage over MCI is
that you've always been able to use it while traveling from any of
their locations at no extra charge. Every quarter you get a page that
folds to wallet size of all their current phone numbers around the
country. I've never figured out why they don't point out that
advantage in their ads. Until recently, MCI only allowed you to used
it from your home site, now they charge extra for the capability and
allow it only in some subset of their locations (according to a
salesperson a few weeks ago).]
------------------------------
Date: Thursday, 1 Dec 1983 10:00-PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #110
From: willis@Rand-Unix (Willis_Ware)
One reason that the tariff from home-remote and remote-home is so
different is that the recordkeeping processes to capture the billing
information are very different. I once investigated the billing
process of Charge-Card calls because I was interested in the privacy
aspects of that particular body of personal information. Telephone
billing records are protected in some states by law and are therefore,
not "public information". For example, in California, the phone
company must be subpoened for such information; and unless the
authorities establish that a criminal investigation is in process, the
individual in question is notified and has standing to quash the
subpoena. This means that casual access here to phone billing records
via the administrative subpoena no longer works. I don't recall
whether this arrangement is by law or whether it was worked out
administratively between the phone companies and the PUC.
In any event, billing information relative to residential calls is
captured by automatic equipment in the local phone company equipment,
or in the interface equipment to the long-haul carrier. The latter
reports costs back to the local company who collects the money and
"forwards" it in an accouting transaction to AT&T. Alternatively, the
local company can do all the cost calculation because it knows the
tariffs and obviously times the call.
So the data capture process is all automated and under the control of
local phone companies. From the privacy point of view, this also
means that it is nearly impossible (at least without wire taps) to
capture a record of all incoming LD calls to a given party. Outgoing
of course is easy but at least the law enforcement community does not
have it all gravvy; for example, a group who wishes to communicate but
uses only incoming calls to a central hub number are practically
invisible in the records unless wiretaps are used.
Call-Card charges, however, are handled very differently. All such
charges, no matter where originated, flow to a central place somewhere
in the mid-West; I recall it being in Illinois and it's run by AT&T.
From there the charges flow out to local companies, who collect the
money, and return it to AT&T. Presumably the flow is automated and
involved passing of tapes, although it could be data communications.
I haven't inquired in that particular detail. Thus, the process does
involve more data handling and presumably this was the basis for the
argument that it ought to be tarriffed differently. Not all parts of
the country have automated entry of the Card number so on some
occasions, an operator must intervene to manually key in the number as
the caller recites it.
Admittedly, the tariffing of Call-Cards is many years old and it might
well get reviewed in the light of the AT&T restructuring, but it might
not either. If the independent long-haul carriers were to get into
some kind of charge-card arrangement, such an action might force a
review of the AT&T tariff, especially if the charge card were
"universal" in the sense that it could work for any carrier.
The source of the information about the Illinois center was a VP of
Bell Labs, and it is several years old. He was not familiar with the
privacy and security arrangements for it. It does raise a fascinating
privacy issue because the Center contains information that (in
principle) concerns people in every state (and therefore, a national
issue); but the legal protection for the information that the Center
holds is probably whatever the State of Illinois provides. The same
situation of course arises with Bank-Card authorization centers, and
with Tele-Credit which is the friendly company that watches over the
check-passing habits of the U.S. citizen. In the latter regard, by
the way, the California Department of Motor Vehicles supplies
Tele-Credit with a complete roster of driver license numbers together
with a coded form of the birth date. Such is why one is asked to show
his license and give his birthdate when cashing a check; it would seem
to do little however for a stolen license which (in California)
contains the birthdate in plain text, but not the SSN which is the
case in some states. It would however probably intercept a forged
license.
While I'm at this, let's talk about hotel charges. A long distance
call processed through a hotel switchboard is commonly billed at the
LD costs plus a surcharge levied by the hotel. In some cases, it's a
flat fee like 50 cents but in other cases, it's a percentage; in one
hotel I was charged 140% of actual costs. It mistakenly gave me the
actual charge slips with my bill so I had all the data needed for the
calculation. However, many hotels provide direct dialing of LD and if
the fone is a touchtone, one can use a calling card for the call.
In many hotels, no surcharge is levied by the hotel for such calls,
but in one case 55 cents was charged even though the whole process was
completely automated. Presumably hotels are taking this route to
recover the costs of their owned phone systems and whatever connect
charges they pay for having access to LD trunks. I haven't tried
using one of the alternate carriers from a hotel, but presumably one
would be billed only for the local call to the access number.
The whole topic of recordkeeping processes, its influence on people,
the details of how it's done, etc. is an ongoing research and
professional interest for me. I would be glad for other datapoints on
the topics above or related ones. It would all add to my research
database.
Willis H. Ware
Rand Corporation
willis @ Rand-Unix
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
4-Dec-83 19:05:36-PST,4443;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
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Date: 4 Dec 83 1857-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #112
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Monday, 5 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 112
Today's Topics:
South Central Bell announces new bill format
Cordless telephone info request
Apologies to John Donne
Hotel telephone call surcharges
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 02-Dec-1983 0050
From: John Covert <decwrl!rhea!castor!covert@Shasta>
Subject: South Central Bell announces new bill format
The following notice appeared in my bill from South Central Bell:
You will notice some changes in this telephone bill. They are being
made because South Central Bell is preparing for its coming separation
from AT&T. After the companies split on January 1, 1984, some of your
long distance service will be provided by AT&T and other companies.
However, South Central Bell will continue to bill you under tariff for
AT&T calls and possibly for calls handled by other carriers. Because
of these changes, we have altered the format of your bill to make it
more like the bill you will get after the companies separate. The
main difference in your bill is that long distance calls are put on
separate pages, depending on the carrier. There have been no changes
in rates.
What is interesting is that the one call on this month's bill is a
calling card call from East Boston (Logan Airport) to Maynard. Though
the carrier is New England Telephone (or at least it will be after Jan
1 -- it might be AT&T now), it is listed with South Central Bell as
the carrier.
Actually, today that's sort of true, since they are sort of one
company.
What will be interesting is to see whether it will correctly show the
carriers for each LATA after 1 Jan.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 1 Dec 83 16:32:36 est
From: cbosgd!djb@Berkeley (David J. Bryant)
Subject: Cordless telephone info request
I am looking for information on cordless phones, particularly reviews
of particular models or brand names. I have shopped around (sales
people are generally useless when it comes to hard technical
questions) and have most of the features figured out, although the
two-way paging and security arrangements still are somewhat confusing.
I'd appreciate any clarification on these features/issues
(particularly since security seems to be an important concern).
Also, I have noticed a great resemblence between UNIDEN phones and
AT&T's Nomad line. The cases and feature sets are identical (as far
as I can tell) but there is no indication that one manufacturer is
responsible for both.
David Bryant Bell Labs Columbus, OH (614) 860-4516
(cbosgd!djb@Berkeley.arpa)
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 2 Dec 83 5:20:14 EST
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-bmd>
Subject: Apologies to John Donne
Ask not for whom the bell tolls, and you will pay only the
station-to-station rate.
- 4.2 BSD "fortune" program.
------------------------------
Date: 2 Dec 1983 1202-PST
Subject: Hotel telephone call surcharges
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
Since the subject was brought up, I thought I'd mention one hotel I
stayed at this year (the Hilton in Rochester, NY), which charged 30
cents "local call" charges for the intra-hotel romm-to-room calls our
party made. When we noticed them on our bills and complained at
check-out, they dropped them without comment. I figured either their
charging system was broken, and registering a "local call" every time
you picked up the receiver (because I think I had one on a day I was
called, but didn't call anyone), or they purposely programmed it that
way to increase revenue. After all, if you were making local calls,
you would not be likely to recall exactly how many you made each day.
30 c here and 30 c there adds up to a tidy sum over a year...
Will Martin
PS Is it a sign of the inflationary times that there is an ASCII "$"
dollar symbol, but no "cents" symbol? Hmmm... WM
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
5-Dec-83 16:18:56-PST,4111;000000000000
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Date: 5 Dec 83 1611-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #113
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 6 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 113
Today's Topics:
Hotel Charges
Porta-with-headset query
One final gripe...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 5 Dec 1983 0118-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Hotel Charges
I believe I pointed this out to the readers of the digest about a year
ago:
Last time I stayed in the Disneyland Hotel in Anaheim, they claimed to
be charging the phone company rate +$1. In fact, this was not true,
they were charging significantly more.
I complained to the hotel's Comptroller, who said that he would
contact the company which did their billing system (which simply times
the call beginning some 20 seconds after you finish dialling until you
hang up, regardless of when the called party answers and then computes
some absurd rate, totally unrelated to any telephone company rate) and
get back to me.
He never did, though I called him several times.
If the average guest was overcharged $3/call (as I was and as it
appeared the average was from the other DECUS attendees I talked to)
and the average guest made three calls a week (pretty low, actually)
in a hotel with 1000 rooms, they would be pulling in almost $10,000 a
week in phone overcharges.
Not bad.
------------------------------
Date: 4 Dec 83 23:03:07 PST (Sunday)
Subject: Porta-with-headset query
From: Bruce Hamilton <Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA>
Reply-to: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
I'm looking for a portable with belt clip and headset, hopefully well
under $100. DAK (sort of like JS&A) is selling one for $99, but it
doesn't have switchable pulse AND tone dialing, or auto redial. I
require (at least) those two features. Thanks for any info. (Why is
ANYBODY making ANY phone that doesn't have switchable pulse AND tone,
given that (a) not everybody wants to pay for (or even has available)
tone, but (b) all the alternate long-distance services REQUIRE tone!?)
Portables: ultimately, you shouldn't even need the hand unit. I can't
think of any good reason why you can't put a calculator-watch style
keypad and associated controls on the earpiece of the headset.
More generally, WHY ARE PHONES SO PRIMITIVE AND EXPENSIVE, compared to
calculators and watches?
WHEN IS THE WORLD GOING TO GET SMART AND DEMAND HEADSETS??? I could
trivially design a head set that could also be used as a handset for
2-second conversations or dyed-in-the-wool antiquarians, and I'm not
even a designer.
It boggles the mind to REALLY stop and think how people accept
primitive, uncomfortable technologies because of "tradition". Like,
why is anyone still buying upright "safety" bicycles, when recumbents
are so much safer, comfortable, and efficient? Because Huffy,
Schwinn, etc. won't get off their collective rumps and try to promote
anything different...
Flamed out for now,
--Bruce
------------------------------
Date: 4 Dec 83 23:08:22 PST (Sunday)
Subject: One final gripe...
From: Bruce Hamilton <Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA>
Reply-to: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
...and by the way, who are the clowns who designed the GTE flip-phone
series, with NO LETTERS on the keys??? I mean, it's bad enough that
GTE designers seem to be a bunch of elves who build half-width keys
even into their pay-phones, but it really freaks me out that they
don't seem to read, listen to radio, or watch TV, where you're
constantly bombarded with ads that ONLY give phone numbers of the form
"dial 1-800-YOU-JERK" or similar mnemonic cutesiness.
--Bruce
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
7-Dec-83 16:11:48-PST,9021;000000000000
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Date: 7 Dec 83 1600-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #114
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 8 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 114
Today's Topics:
Hawaii & long-distance charges.
Dial-It Article.
rotary vs. pushbutton
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 83 23:49:21 pst
From: cunningh@Nosc (Robert P. Cunningham)
Subject: Hawaii & long-distance charges.
Recently, in John Covert's note on MCI service to Europe he remarked
that there's no reason why phone charges to Europe should cost 4 times
or so the cost of a call to Hawaii.
Actually, long distance charges to Hawaii may be overpriced, due to
historical reasons. Until several years ago, under then-prevailing
FCC tariffs, AT&T could still charge 'international' rates between
Hawaii and the mainland US, despite the fact that Hawaii's been a
state since 1959 (almost 25 years now). Those of you familiar with
the now-historical way in which long-distance charges were shared with
local operating companies probably realize that this also benefitted
the local Hawaiian Telephone Company (incidently, a GTE subsidiary).
It finally took Congressional action to 'rationalize' the long
distance charges, which, up to deregulation, took the form of freezing
long-distance rates to and from Hawaii until eventual domestic
long-distance rates on the mainland rose to the point where the
charges roughly 'equalized'. This scheme has, of course, gone out the
window with deregulation, and it's anybody's guess as to what
Hawaii-mainland charges will be in a year or so.
For those curious, here's a sampling of what we here in Hawaii pay to
call various places, including only the lowest night per-minute
charges (daytime rates are 2x to 3x higher):
$.22 US west coast via AT&T
.16 ditto via Sprint (MCI not available yet in Hawaii)
.24 central US via AT&T
.25 east coast via AT&T
.12 to an outer island from Honolulu
.90 to Alaska
.70 to western Canada
1.09 to Europe
.92 to Japan, Korea, etc.
.92 to Samoa, Australia, New Zealand & Guam
2.92 to China
2.92 to Micronesia
1.00 to South America
3.60 to India
I don't have the WATS rates handy, but they're high. Few '800'
numbers extend to Hawaii. A leased line (via satellite) to the
mainland runs about $1000 per month.
Bob Cunningham Oceanography Dept., University of Hawaii
------------------------------
Date: 6 Dec 1983 21:44-PST
Subject: Dial-It Article.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow <Geoff @ SRI-CSL>
n044 1136 25 Nov 83 BC-TELCO (BizDay) c.1983 N.Y. Times News Service
NEW YORK - When ABC's nightly news show Nightline polled viewers
for their opinions on last month's American invasion of Grenada,
President Reagan wasn't the only one pleased with the response.The
results of the unscientific, phone-in survey backed American
involvement by a margin of 502,358 to 63,812, providing a boost to the
White House.
But the poll also gave a nice lift to the American Telephone and
Telegraph Co. - the phone company took in 50 cents per vote on the
poll, or more than $250,000 for the night.
This poll is just one of many that are being conducted over the
three-year-old Dial-It 900 Service, a rapidly expanding part of AT&T's
Long Lines Division. After overcoming some public confusion between
toll-free 800 numbers and the 50-cent 900 numbers, the service has
finally come into its own.
AT&T reports that the number of calls placed to 900 numbers is up
40 percent over this time last year. Company officials, however, say
the do not disclose figures such as total volume and revenue that the
service generates.
Nevertheless, it is clearly a nice piece of business for the phone
company, especially since it apparently covers its own costs by
charging an ''establishment'' fee to clients using the service.
''The cost of actually setting up the poll or information lines is
covered with the sponsor's establishment charge,'' explains an AT&T
spokesman. '' For the 50 cent per call charge, I think that what you
have to consider is the capital investment. We are also doing much
more than tallying calls. There is a long distance call in addition to
the technology and capital investment involved.''
According to documents filed with the FCC, a total of 10.9 million
calls were logged to 900 numbers in 1981, their first full year of
operation. Last year there were 15.8 million calls. The breakdown was
9.5 million calls to the taped information lines and 6.3 million to
the poll lines.
If AT&T is accurate in saying that service is up 40 percent this
year, then over 20 million calls should be placed to 900 numbers.
The potential profit is sufficient to convince AT&T's main long
distance phone service competitor, MCI, to try to set up its own 900
service. ''The 900 service, like the toll-free 800 service, is an
extremely profitable one for AT&T,'' said an MCI spokesman.
''We would like to enter both of these areas as soon as
possible,'' he said. ''We should have a toll-free service operating by
September 1984. It is technically more difficult to offer a 900-type
service, but we are studying ways to do it. The profitability and
marketability of the service have made it very attractive.''
There are two separate uses of 900 service; it can be utilized to
set up a poll or to provide a taped information message. The cost to
the caller is 50 cents per vote on the polling service, and 50 cents
for the first minute of an information message, with 35 cents for each
additional minute.
The polling service, first used to record public opinion after the
Carter-Reagan debate in October 1980, has been used by nearly 150
companies this year. The music video television audience, dominated by
young viewers, has become an especially lucrative market. The
video-of-the-week vote on NBC's Friday Night Videos, for example,
regularly records around 150,000 calls.
More than one million calls were logged on the 900 phone lines
that NASA set up for two space shuttle missions last year so that the
public could listen to conversations between the astronauts and ground
control.
Although the 50-cent charge for a minute-long call is greater than
the comparable cost for all long distance toll calls under evening and
night rates, AT&T has found that the cost does not deter people from
calling 900 numbers. In fact, company officials see the service's
success resulting in part from customers being charged a standard flat
rate for the calls.
''People view making a 900 call favorably,'' noted AT&T marketing
supervisor Robert Futcher. ''At least they know how much they're
paying for the call. They don't see an area code and wonder how much
it will cost them.''
Sponsors say the are attracted to the service by its low cost. The
information service costs $250 per day, provided a minimum of 2000
calls come in. It costs just $25 a day for a poll line, with a minimum
of 500 calls a day. The shortfall in either case costs the sponsor 25
cents per call.
One such group, the U.S. League of Savings Association - whose
membership includes 4,000 savings institutions across the country -
has used a 900 number since January to provide daily updates on
legislative and regulatory news from Washington. The recording also
gives banks quick access to the interest rates established at treasury
auctions.
''The banks are pleased and we are very pleased with the
service,'' says league spokesman Katherine B. Ulman. ''In addition to
saving us a lot of money over the toll-free service that we had, the
line is able to take in more calls at once. I am told that we can now
receive several thousand calls at the same time. On 800, there were
not enough lines. We got several complaints.''
''We are very pleased with the market's growth,'' says the AT&T
spokesman. '' Part of the successful growth of 900 numbers is their
wide visibility. When it is used on ABC's Nightline, it doesn't take
more than 10 minutes for every broadcaster in the country to see what
they're doing.
nyt-11-25-83 1430est ***************
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 83 8:44:06 EST
From: cmoore@brl-bmd
Subject: rotary vs. pushbutton
Can the difference between rotary & pushbutton phones be detected on
the phone lines? (I.e., if you unplugged one & plugged in the other.)
In any event, why does pushbutton cost more?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
8-Dec-83 16:46:55-PST,16001;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 8 Dec 83 16:30:11-PST
Date: 8 Dec 83 1631-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #115
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 9 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 115
Today's Topics:
rotary vs. pushbutton
the 900 ripoff
Hawaii Rates
Telex and MCI Mail
900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 83 17:37:59 pst
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: rotary vs. pushbutton
Re cmoore's question--I'm using a tone phone on a "rotary" line, right
now. Occassionally, I find a call won't go through on the first try,
but this is rare. However, the phone company is, of course, under no
obligation to provide me with a working tone line, and, under current
tariffs, they could even put a filter on my line to filter out touch
tones. I think you'll find that in cities and inner suburbs, almost
everyone has touch tone capacity as long as they have a tone phone.
You could buy a switchable phone just to be safe.
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 83 05:51:52 EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: the 900 ripoff
It seems to me grossly unfair that the people of this country must be
forced to shell out half a buck to express their opinion. After all,
this government is ostensibly designed to bend to public opinion,
which should be freely asked for and supplied. Someone is making fat
profits from Joe Luser who is only trying to express his opinion.
Now, granted, they are perfectly aware that they are paying for the
''vote'', but does he have a choice? Do they think Joe Luser will sit
there watching Nightline and say to himself ''Gee, I feel strongly
about this issue, I think I'll punt the 900 vote and write to my
Congressman.'' ?!?
Well, foo. Personally I never call *any* of those silly 900 numbers;
with the exception of the shuttle rebroadcasts, they aren't worth a
damn.
_H*
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 83 09:20:27 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
The California Public Utilities Commission is challenging the Federal
Communications Commission planned telephone "access charge" in Federal
Court. Here is most of an article which appeared in the Los Angeles
Times today (Thursday, December 8, 1983):
SAN FRANCISCO - California consumers Wednesday got their first glimpse
of how telephone costs will rise after the January 1 Bell System
breakup as the California Public Utilities Commission approved a $446
million rate increase for Pacific Telephone to take effect next month.
The action, commissioners stressed repeatedly, represents only the
first step in adjusting telephone rates to the new financial realities
stemming from the settlement nearly two years ago of the federal
government's antitrust lawsuit against American Telephone & Telegraph
Company.
"This is round one", said Commissioner Priscilla Grew, who supervised
the PUC staff's analysis of Pacific's complex rate case. Wednesday's
action was intended only to update Pacific's financial picture on the
eve of divestiture.
Round two, Grew said, will come in May, when the commissioners decide
how much to allow Pacific of another $400 million that the company
claims is the local cost of breaking up Ma Bell.
With the new year, the old Bell System will be transformed into a
smaller AT&T and seven independent regional operating companies.
Pacific Telephone becomes Pacific-Telesis Group, which will provide
local telephone service in California through the Pacific Bell
subsidiary. AT&T will retain all toll operations except in local
service areas.
The increase means that the basic monthly rate will rise to $7.74 from
$7.47 at present. The so-called Life Line rate for minimum
residential service is unchanged at $2.67 monthly. In addition, the
commission approved a 10.36% surcharge on long-distance calls within
California.
Pacific had asked for $14.57 for basic service, plus a $1.00 charge
for access to long distance lines, and a Life Line rate of $5.21.
A preliminary estimate by Pacific Telephone was that the monthly bill
of the typical residential customer will rise $1.64, including the
long-distance surcharge.
Customer groups and Pacific Telephone said the PUC decision was fair.
The commissions' rate boost is about half the $838 million the phone
company had requested.
In a related action that may hold great long-term significance, the
PUC also rejected a Pacific proposal to charge residential customers
$1 a month per telephone line and business customers $3 a line to help
replace nearly $1.3 billion in intrastate toll revenues that it will
lose on January 1. Local telephone rates, analysts say, have been
subsidized by revenues from lucrative long distance tolls.
Instead the Commission ruled that these so-called "access charges"
should be collected solely from long-distance telephone companies such
as AT&T, GTE Sprint, and MCI Communications Corp. -- for use of
Pacific's Network in originating and completing toll calls within
California. The PUC intends to apply the same principle to Santa
Monica- based General Telephone Company of California and other local
telephone companies.
In placing the access charge solely on long-distance telephone
companies, the PUC parted company with the Federal Communications
Commission, which regulates toll calling between states. The FCC
plans to add $2 a month to local customer's bills in April and $4 and
in 1965 in an effort to replace interstate toll revenue that AT&T now
shares with local telephone companies.
The PUC has challenged the FCC's authority to levy these charges
directly on local customers and, in a case pending in Federal Appeals
Court in Washington, seeks to have them levied against long-distance
companies, as the PUC did. Legislation pending in Congress would kill
the FCC proposal.
The rate boost of $446 million comes in the form of a split surcharge
-- a 3.7% surcharge to the basic $7.47 monthly rate and a 10.36%
surcharge to intrastate toll charges on each Pacific customer's bill.
The split surcharge is likely to last only until May when the PUC
expects to replace it with a schedule of specific tariffs covering
telephone services within the state. At that time, the cost a of a
pay-phone call will probably be increased to a quarter from a dime.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 83 09:59:38 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
The University of California has recently requested bids for a private
communications network connecting all of the UC campuses and other
installations in California. I will send details on this to telecom,
shortly.
The "back-bone" of this system would connect Los Angeles to the Bay
area. With the exception of a possible bid by AT&T that would use a
buried fiber-optics system, all bidders are expected to propose either
a satellite link or else use a microwave system based on FCC licenses
obtained by the UC system for a series of "hops" of around 40 miles
each, between mountain peaks connecting the two areas.
UC hopes to obtain substantial savings over the present system (using
lines leased from AT&T).
This raises the following economic question:
All, but the AT&T possibility, depend upon the use of what I believe
is a national resource which should benefit everyone: The "spectrum".
Presently the spectrum is allocated by the FCC primarily on a
"type-of- usage" then "first-come, first-serve" basis. This has led
(and continues to lead) to great inequities. One need only use a
scanner in a large city to note that vast parts of the UHF spectrum
are barely used -- they are reserved for various industries, etc.;
while others are terribly crowded -- the frequencies used for car
telephones, the taxicab frequencies, the police and public safety
frequencies etc. And of course, there are only four frequencies
available for local wireless telephones; as a result, there is always
unpleasant interference when using them. In large cities, especially
New York, the microwave frequencies are so crowded that it is now
extremely difficult to obtain a microwave license. How many of the
current users are making effective use of the part of the spectrum
that they have reserved?
In some cases, such as allocation of TV frequencies, the present
policy has lead to really major financial windfalls to the recipients
of the spectrum.
Has anyone considered what would happen if spectrum users had to bid
for their use of the spectrum, with the Federal Government holding the
auction (much as Secretary Watt had proposed doing for off-shore oil
leases -- of course the pollution problems here are different and
presumably much less) and receiving the income (hopefully used to
reduce taxes, support welfare projects for hackers, etc.)?
Taking the largest cases first, what if TV stations such as KNXT-TV
(the extremely profitable CBS affiliate in Los Angeles) were required
every five years to bid for their exclusive use of the television
spectrum. Would this make cable-TV (which doesn't use the public
spectrum and therefore wouldn't have to bid) more viable and
profitable. What if MCI and Sprint had to bid against AT&T for use of
microwave frequencies? Would they be able to undercut it so much?
Would the industries that now tie up most of the UHF spectrum, but
barely use it, continue to do so, if they had to bid against its use
by those who want to use it for mobile telephones, etc.?
The impact of such a policy, even if inaugurated gradually and gently,
would be tremendous. What do telecom readers think would happen?
vail
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 1983 1415-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Hawaii Rates
Hawaii is due to be FULLY integrated into the U.S. rate system very
soon. In fact, it would have happened on the first of January, if the
FCC had not delayed introduction of AT&T's new rates.
This full integration means the elimination of WATS band 6 and the
inclusion of Hawaii and Alaska in band 5 -- meaning that a large
additional number of 800 numbers in the U.S. suddenly become reachable
from Hawaii and Alaska, and that Band 5 outwats users can suddenly
call to Alaska and Hawaii.
On the MTS side of things, there are two new rate zones above the
existing ones (and only slightly more expensive than the top one).
The Alaska and Hawaii rates will then be simply mileage rates like
everywhere else.
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 1983 1547-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Telex and MCI Mail
MCI just announced their Telex service.
Port: 8. Please enter your user name: jrc Connection initiated. . .
Opened.
Welcome to MCI Mail!
MCI Mail Version 1.13
You may enter: ... Command: help telex
The nation's new postal system becomes worldwide after the new year.
Through an agreement with MCI International (MCII), MCI Mail users
will be able to send and receive MCI Mail messages to and from all
telex addresses worldwide.
How will it work? You, and every other MCI Mail subscriber, will have
a telex number. Telex messages sent to this number will be placed in
your MCI Mailbox along with your Instant Letters.
When you send MCI Mail messages, you will be able to include telex
addresses just as you now enter postal addresses. These messages will
be delivered by MCII through the telex networks.
How will you know your telex number? When the MCI Mail Telex Service
becomes available, your telex number will be 650 followed by your MCI
ID. (For example, if your MCI ID is 1060184, your telex number will
be 6501060184.)
How much will it cost? MCI Mail Telex Service will be offered at
competitive telex rates. As with other MCI Mail services, you will be
charged only when you send messages -- you will never be charged to
receive telex messages.
If you have additional questions, send them TO: MCIHELP.
Command: cr
CREATE LETTER TO: (MCI Mail Customer Support MCI DISC WASHINGTON DC)
Subject: Telex Service Text: (Type / on a line by itself to end)
Can you please tell me what answerback will be received by incoming
Telex calls. Telex subscribers usually check an answerback to veri-
fy that their call has reached the correct destination.
Value added telex services provide this feature on an automatic basis.
/
Your message was posted: Thu Dec 08, 1983 3:05 pm EST Command: ex
Signing off from MCI Mail.
What I really want to know is when they'll do Teletex -- which is much
nicer than Telex -- 1200 to 2400 bps transmission (instead of 50) and
a MUCH larger character set, including upper/lower case and the
special characters of many foreign languages.
(There's a gateway between Telex and Teletex, but it's always in the
Teletex side of the call, so the international portion always runs at
50 bps unless you are Teletex to Telex.)
------------------------------
Date: 8 December 1983 00:14 EST
From: Minh N. Hoang <MINH @ MIT-MC>
There's no (shouldn't be) real electrical differences between the
rotary and push-button phones when they're on-hook or off-hook and not
dialing. They both have to meet the same FCC part 68 requirements.
I think the additional charges capitalize on the convenience factor
and the support equipment overhead. Before the advent of switched
capacitor filter and CMOS VLSI it was pretty hairy to design a good
DTMF decoder.
Now that both tone encoders and decoders are rather cheap, I think the
telco should slowly phase out rotary phones - say, by reversing the
order: charging rotary lines extra - and use the pulse for other
features like the switch hook 'flash' on the Rolm CBX.
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 83 03:39:58 PST (Thu)
From: sun!gnu@Berkeley (John Gilmore)
Subject: 900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
As I watched "The Day After" and its "commercials" which mentioned
that they would "ask you what you thought of it", a 900 number
immediately came to mind. I bet if they offerred the choice "Would
you spend 50c to register a protest against nuclear war?" they'd get
many million calls. [Plus give Bell a few million dollars.]
Upon further reflection I decided it would be a horrible idea, since
it would set a precedent of taking a "major poll" of US citizens just
after showing an hour's worth of heavy emotionally loaded footage. I
could see the politicians and the TV networks latching right on to the
idea -- we could elect a President that way, right?
Can anyone describe the technology used to answer thousands of calls
to a 900 (or otherwise) recording or polltaker? For polls it's pretty
easy since you really only want a summary anyway -- as soon as the
call reaches an "in the know" node in the phone hierarchy it can just
add one to a counter and be done, forwarding the counters every few
seconds to whoever's watching the totals.
They could use digital speech for the recordings (giving trivial
random access and cheap playback thru a codec) -- is this it? They
could also reduce the degree of random access by not answering on the
first ring; wait til a few dozen people are ringing, then give them
all the same message.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
8-Dec-83 17:00:49-PST,16001;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 8 Dec 83 16:44:23-PST
Date: 8 Dec 83 1631-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #115
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 9 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 115
Today's Topics:
rotary vs. pushbutton
the 900 ripoff
Hawaii Rates
Telex and MCI Mail
900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 83 17:37:59 pst
From: jmrubin%ucbcoral.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: rotary vs. pushbutton
Re cmoore's question--I'm using a tone phone on a "rotary" line, right
now. Occassionally, I find a call won't go through on the first try,
but this is rare. However, the phone company is, of course, under no
obligation to provide me with a working tone line, and, under current
tariffs, they could even put a filter on my line to filter out touch
tones. I think you'll find that in cities and inner suburbs, almost
everyone has touch tone capacity as long as they have a tone phone.
You could buy a switchable phone just to be safe.
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 83 05:51:52 EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: the 900 ripoff
It seems to me grossly unfair that the people of this country must be
forced to shell out half a buck to express their opinion. After all,
this government is ostensibly designed to bend to public opinion,
which should be freely asked for and supplied. Someone is making fat
profits from Joe Luser who is only trying to express his opinion.
Now, granted, they are perfectly aware that they are paying for the
''vote'', but does he have a choice? Do they think Joe Luser will sit
there watching Nightline and say to himself ''Gee, I feel strongly
about this issue, I think I'll punt the 900 vote and write to my
Congressman.'' ?!?
Well, foo. Personally I never call *any* of those silly 900 numbers;
with the exception of the shuttle rebroadcasts, they aren't worth a
damn.
_H*
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 83 09:20:27 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
The California Public Utilities Commission is challenging the Federal
Communications Commission planned telephone "access charge" in Federal
Court. Here is most of an article which appeared in the Los Angeles
Times today (Thursday, December 8, 1983):
SAN FRANCISCO - California consumers Wednesday got their first glimpse
of how telephone costs will rise after the January 1 Bell System
breakup as the California Public Utilities Commission approved a $446
million rate increase for Pacific Telephone to take effect next month.
The action, commissioners stressed repeatedly, represents only the
first step in adjusting telephone rates to the new financial realities
stemming from the settlement nearly two years ago of the federal
government's antitrust lawsuit against American Telephone & Telegraph
Company.
"This is round one", said Commissioner Priscilla Grew, who supervised
the PUC staff's analysis of Pacific's complex rate case. Wednesday's
action was intended only to update Pacific's financial picture on the
eve of divestiture.
Round two, Grew said, will come in May, when the commissioners decide
how much to allow Pacific of another $400 million that the company
claims is the local cost of breaking up Ma Bell.
With the new year, the old Bell System will be transformed into a
smaller AT&T and seven independent regional operating companies.
Pacific Telephone becomes Pacific-Telesis Group, which will provide
local telephone service in California through the Pacific Bell
subsidiary. AT&T will retain all toll operations except in local
service areas.
The increase means that the basic monthly rate will rise to $7.74 from
$7.47 at present. The so-called Life Line rate for minimum
residential service is unchanged at $2.67 monthly. In addition, the
commission approved a 10.36% surcharge on long-distance calls within
California.
Pacific had asked for $14.57 for basic service, plus a $1.00 charge
for access to long distance lines, and a Life Line rate of $5.21.
A preliminary estimate by Pacific Telephone was that the monthly bill
of the typical residential customer will rise $1.64, including the
long-distance surcharge.
Customer groups and Pacific Telephone said the PUC decision was fair.
The commissions' rate boost is about half the $838 million the phone
company had requested.
In a related action that may hold great long-term significance, the
PUC also rejected a Pacific proposal to charge residential customers
$1 a month per telephone line and business customers $3 a line to help
replace nearly $1.3 billion in intrastate toll revenues that it will
lose on January 1. Local telephone rates, analysts say, have been
subsidized by revenues from lucrative long distance tolls.
Instead the Commission ruled that these so-called "access charges"
should be collected solely from long-distance telephone companies such
as AT&T, GTE Sprint, and MCI Communications Corp. -- for use of
Pacific's Network in originating and completing toll calls within
California. The PUC intends to apply the same principle to Santa
Monica- based General Telephone Company of California and other local
telephone companies.
In placing the access charge solely on long-distance telephone
companies, the PUC parted company with the Federal Communications
Commission, which regulates toll calling between states. The FCC
plans to add $2 a month to local customer's bills in April and $4 and
in 1965 in an effort to replace interstate toll revenue that AT&T now
shares with local telephone companies.
The PUC has challenged the FCC's authority to levy these charges
directly on local customers and, in a case pending in Federal Appeals
Court in Washington, seeks to have them levied against long-distance
companies, as the PUC did. Legislation pending in Congress would kill
the FCC proposal.
The rate boost of $446 million comes in the form of a split surcharge
-- a 3.7% surcharge to the basic $7.47 monthly rate and a 10.36%
surcharge to intrastate toll charges on each Pacific customer's bill.
The split surcharge is likely to last only until May when the PUC
expects to replace it with a schedule of specific tariffs covering
telephone services within the state. At that time, the cost a of a
pay-phone call will probably be increased to a quarter from a dime.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 83 09:59:38 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
The University of California has recently requested bids for a private
communications network connecting all of the UC campuses and other
installations in California. I will send details on this to telecom,
shortly.
The "back-bone" of this system would connect Los Angeles to the Bay
area. With the exception of a possible bid by AT&T that would use a
buried fiber-optics system, all bidders are expected to propose either
a satellite link or else use a microwave system based on FCC licenses
obtained by the UC system for a series of "hops" of around 40 miles
each, between mountain peaks connecting the two areas.
UC hopes to obtain substantial savings over the present system (using
lines leased from AT&T).
This raises the following economic question:
All, but the AT&T possibility, depend upon the use of what I believe
is a national resource which should benefit everyone: The "spectrum".
Presently the spectrum is allocated by the FCC primarily on a
"type-of- usage" then "first-come, first-serve" basis. This has led
(and continues to lead) to great inequities. One need only use a
scanner in a large city to note that vast parts of the UHF spectrum
are barely used -- they are reserved for various industries, etc.;
while others are terribly crowded -- the frequencies used for car
telephones, the taxicab frequencies, the police and public safety
frequencies etc. And of course, there are only four frequencies
available for local wireless telephones; as a result, there is always
unpleasant interference when using them. In large cities, especially
New York, the microwave frequencies are so crowded that it is now
extremely difficult to obtain a microwave license. How many of the
current users are making effective use of the part of the spectrum
that they have reserved?
In some cases, such as allocation of TV frequencies, the present
policy has lead to really major financial windfalls to the recipients
of the spectrum.
Has anyone considered what would happen if spectrum users had to bid
for their use of the spectrum, with the Federal Government holding the
auction (much as Secretary Watt had proposed doing for off-shore oil
leases -- of course the pollution problems here are different and
presumably much less) and receiving the income (hopefully used to
reduce taxes, support welfare projects for hackers, etc.)?
Taking the largest cases first, what if TV stations such as KNXT-TV
(the extremely profitable CBS affiliate in Los Angeles) were required
every five years to bid for their exclusive use of the television
spectrum. Would this make cable-TV (which doesn't use the public
spectrum and therefore wouldn't have to bid) more viable and
profitable. What if MCI and Sprint had to bid against AT&T for use of
microwave frequencies? Would they be able to undercut it so much?
Would the industries that now tie up most of the UHF spectrum, but
barely use it, continue to do so, if they had to bid against its use
by those who want to use it for mobile telephones, etc.?
The impact of such a policy, even if inaugurated gradually and gently,
would be tremendous. What do telecom readers think would happen?
vail
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 1983 1415-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Hawaii Rates
Hawaii is due to be FULLY integrated into the U.S. rate system very
soon. In fact, it would have happened on the first of January, if the
FCC had not delayed introduction of AT&T's new rates.
This full integration means the elimination of WATS band 6 and the
inclusion of Hawaii and Alaska in band 5 -- meaning that a large
additional number of 800 numbers in the U.S. suddenly become reachable
from Hawaii and Alaska, and that Band 5 outwats users can suddenly
call to Alaska and Hawaii.
On the MTS side of things, there are two new rate zones above the
existing ones (and only slightly more expensive than the top one).
The Alaska and Hawaii rates will then be simply mileage rates like
everywhere else.
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 1983 1547-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Telex and MCI Mail
MCI just announced their Telex service.
Port: 8. Please enter your user name: jrc Connection initiated. . .
Opened.
Welcome to MCI Mail!
MCI Mail Version 1.13
You may enter: ... Command: help telex
The nation's new postal system becomes worldwide after the new year.
Through an agreement with MCI International (MCII), MCI Mail users
will be able to send and receive MCI Mail messages to and from all
telex addresses worldwide.
How will it work? You, and every other MCI Mail subscriber, will have
a telex number. Telex messages sent to this number will be placed in
your MCI Mailbox along with your Instant Letters.
When you send MCI Mail messages, you will be able to include telex
addresses just as you now enter postal addresses. These messages will
be delivered by MCII through the telex networks.
How will you know your telex number? When the MCI Mail Telex Service
becomes available, your telex number will be 650 followed by your MCI
ID. (For example, if your MCI ID is 1060184, your telex number will
be 6501060184.)
How much will it cost? MCI Mail Telex Service will be offered at
competitive telex rates. As with other MCI Mail services, you will be
charged only when you send messages -- you will never be charged to
receive telex messages.
If you have additional questions, send them TO: MCIHELP.
Command: cr
CREATE LETTER TO: (MCI Mail Customer Support MCI DISC WASHINGTON DC)
Subject: Telex Service Text: (Type / on a line by itself to end)
Can you please tell me what answerback will be received by incoming
Telex calls. Telex subscribers usually check an answerback to veri-
fy that their call has reached the correct destination.
Value added telex services provide this feature on an automatic basis.
/
Your message was posted: Thu Dec 08, 1983 3:05 pm EST Command: ex
Signing off from MCI Mail.
What I really want to know is when they'll do Teletex -- which is much
nicer than Telex -- 1200 to 2400 bps transmission (instead of 50) and
a MUCH larger character set, including upper/lower case and the
special characters of many foreign languages.
(There's a gateway between Telex and Teletex, but it's always in the
Teletex side of the call, so the international portion always runs at
50 bps unless you are Teletex to Telex.)
------------------------------
Date: 8 December 1983 00:14 EST
From: Minh N. Hoang <MINH @ MIT-MC>
There's no (shouldn't be) real electrical differences between the
rotary and push-button phones when they're on-hook or off-hook and not
dialing. They both have to meet the same FCC part 68 requirements.
I think the additional charges capitalize on the convenience factor
and the support equipment overhead. Before the advent of switched
capacitor filter and CMOS VLSI it was pretty hairy to design a good
DTMF decoder.
Now that both tone encoders and decoders are rather cheap, I think the
telco should slowly phase out rotary phones - say, by reversing the
order: charging rotary lines extra - and use the pulse for other
features like the switch hook 'flash' on the Rolm CBX.
------------------------------
Date: 8 Dec 83 03:39:58 PST (Thu)
From: sun!gnu@Berkeley (John Gilmore)
Subject: 900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
As I watched "The Day After" and its "commercials" which mentioned
that they would "ask you what you thought of it", a 900 number
immediately came to mind. I bet if they offerred the choice "Would
you spend 50c to register a protest against nuclear war?" they'd get
many million calls. [Plus give Bell a few million dollars.]
Upon further reflection I decided it would be a horrible idea, since
it would set a precedent of taking a "major poll" of US citizens just
after showing an hour's worth of heavy emotionally loaded footage. I
could see the politicians and the TV networks latching right on to the
idea -- we could elect a President that way, right?
Can anyone describe the technology used to answer thousands of calls
to a 900 (or otherwise) recording or polltaker? For polls it's pretty
easy since you really only want a summary anyway -- as soon as the
call reaches an "in the know" node in the phone hierarchy it can just
add one to a counter and be done, forwarding the counters every few
seconds to whoever's watching the totals.
They could use digital speech for the recordings (giving trivial
random access and cheap playback thru a codec) -- is this it? They
could also reduce the degree of random access by not answering on the
first ring; wait til a few dozen people are ringing, then give them
all the same message.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
9-Dec-83 15:28:53-PST,8986;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 9 Dec 83 15:17:28-PST
Date: 9 Dec 83 1514-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #116
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 10 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 116
Today's Topics:
DIAL-IT (900) numbers and misc.
MCI & Hawaii
Re: 900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
California PUC; spectrum auction
porn phone
taping phone conversations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Thursday, 8-Dec-83 19:18:10-PST
Subject: DIAL-IT (900) numbers and misc.
The DIAL-IT (900) network was fully described in an issue of BSTJ
(Bell System Technical Journal) within the last couple of years. I'd
point to the exact issue, but my collection isn't handy,
unfortunately. Essentially, the 900 network operates through regional
concentrators tied into the ESS/CCIS network, which prevents large
numbers of calls from simultaneously saturating the "primary" DDD
network. In fact, the poll numbers are usually even easier to handle
than the more elaborate taped messages -- most polls terminate in a
very short recording that simply tells you that your vote was counted,
and that's all. Holding time for such calls is very short.
I see no reason why people shouldn't pay to have their vote registered
via such systems, but frankly, I also consider such polls to be
useless or perhaps even dangerous. They are useless, of course, since
there is no control over the sample, and this renders the poll
statistically meaningless. Who bothers to call? People with 50 cents
to toss away? Who calls more than once? Are there organized "flood
the poll" campaigns? The polls can be dangerous if people in "power"
believe them. So far most of these dialin polls have exhibited
distinct conservative trends, often showing figures totally opposite
to more scientific, statistically valid polls taken at approximately
the same time. If people BELIEVE the "instant" polls and make
decisions based on their inaccurate data, we could have some real
problems on our hands.
---
The concept of bidding for spectrum space has been raised many times
before. It has some definite validity, but could well result in very
unbalanced spectrum usage -- even worse than we see today. Instead of
certain parts of the spectrum happening to be unused as we have now,
would we see large organizations buy up large segments of spectrum and
then CONTINUE to keep them unused -- thus locking out potential new
uses for that space? I'm sure there are many entities which would
like to have a nice chunk of spectrum tucked away for a "rainy day".
Another problem -- would you REALLY like to see, say, the Public
Broadcasting Service bidding against the religious mania networks?
The latter have BIG BUCKS -- it's truly amazing -- and I'm sure that
many local television stations would be vulnerable to outbidding by
special interest groups out to "save" the masses.
These are just a couple of simple examples -- the actual situation is
very complex. I'm not saying that bidding wouldn't work in certain
segments of spectrum allocation, but extreme care would have to be
used. Frankly, given the current behavior pattern of the Commission,
the last thing I'd expect to see is "extreme care".
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 9 Dec 83 00:40:43 pst
From: cunningh@Nosc (Robert P. Cunningham)
Subject: MCI & Hawaii
I spoke too soon by when I said that MCI is not available here in
Hawaii. This evening I went to a shopping center...and saw an MCI
booth, offering a free phone call to the mainland there and then to
everyone who signed up with MCI on the spot. They're here.
Bob Cunningham, Dept. of Oceanography, Univ. of Hawaii
------------------------------
Date: 09 Dec 83 00:01:55 PST (Fri)
Subject: Re: 900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
From: Jerry Sweet <jsweet%UCI@USC-ECL>
I don't see how one could use such a scheme for voting unless there
were some mechanisms installed to insure "one person, one vote" -- and
it is unclear to me how one could do that without incurring a Big
Brother syndrome. Because of this problem (not to mention the
"instantaneous emotional register" problem), it should be clear that
the error margin for polls conducted with the 900 number is
potentially rather large as the public becomes more sophisticated in
use of the technology.
--Jerry
------------------------------
Date: 9 December 1983 09:22 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: California PUC; spectrum auction
There is a connection between the two stories sent to the last digest
by Ted Vail regarding developments in California. It is precisely the
10% tax on long distance which provides the incentive for large
organizations like UC to bypass the regular phone system and set up a
private network. That's why access charges have been proposed as an
alternative to the tax.
*******
Regarding auctioning spectrum: the idea has been raised many times. A
revision to the Communications Act proposed in 1978 by Congressman Van
Deerlin would have levied "spectrum fees" on all users of spectrum;
the bill never got out of committee.
Other writings on the subject include a paper by Douglas Webbink put
out by the FCC's Office of Plans and Policies in 1980, a PhD
dissertation by Charles Jackson of MIT in 1974, and a book by a
professor at Hofstra called "The Invisible Resource" published in the
early 70's.
Simply allowing holders of spectrum licenses to sell them to the
highest bidder -- even for different uses -- would eliminate the
problem of some bands being highly congested and others being little
used, although the windfall would be reaped by the original license
holder rather than by the Treasury. Recently the Commission has been
moving towards easing restrictions on license sales, and less
subdivision of the spectrum based on uses.
To give evyeryone an equal chance at capturing that windfall, the
Congress recently authorized some spectrum licenses to be awarded by
lottery rather than by the FCC trying to decide who was the "better"
applicant. The technique will be used for allocating cellular mobile
licenses in the smaller cities.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: Fri 9 Dec 83 09:48:52-EST
From: Marvin Sirbu <SIRBU@MIT-XX.ARPA>
Subject: porn phone
According to an article in this morning's Globe (p.5 ): " The
telephone sex provisions in the new law authorize the FCC to impose
civil fines, and the attorney general to seek criminal penalties
against any person or firm operating a phone service judged to be
`obscene or indecent' if it is available to anyone under 18 years of
age. Operators of such a commercial service would face penalties of
up to $50,000 and imprisonment for up to six months.
The provision, written primarily by Rep. Thomas J. Bliley (R-Va.),
resulted from a dispute over a phone sex service operated by the New
York publisher of High Society, a magazine that features pictures of
nude women."
So much for one of New York Telephone's biggest 900 money makers.
This is the first instance of a restriction of a type previously
applied only to publishers being applied to a common carrier.
------------------------------
Date: 9 December 1983 09:53 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: taping phone conversations
For years it has been illegal under FCC imposed tariffs for either
party to tape a telephone conversation without having a "beeper" on
the line which signals the other party that the conversation is being
taped. Of course the wide availability of microphones that facilitate
recording off the phone from an ordinary tape recorder have made the
rule unenforceable.
In a recent action the FCC has proposed to do away with the rule
altogether. Better, they argue, to put people on notice that they
will not be warned if their conversation is being taped than to lull
them into a false sense of security by having an unenforceable rule.
Commentary:
I think the rule should be retained. Maybe it is unenforceable, but I
think the FCC should be on record as saying that they believe that
taping without mutual consent is a violoation of privacy. There is a
moral suasion value in having the rule on the books which would be
lost if the rule is dropped.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
9-Dec-83 17:22:20-PST,8986;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 9 Dec 83 17:12:07-PST
Date: 9 Dec 83 1514-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #116
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 10 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 116
Today's Topics:
DIAL-IT (900) numbers and misc.
MCI & Hawaii
Re: 900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
California PUC; spectrum auction
porn phone
taping phone conversations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Thursday, 8-Dec-83 19:18:10-PST
Subject: DIAL-IT (900) numbers and misc.
The DIAL-IT (900) network was fully described in an issue of BSTJ
(Bell System Technical Journal) within the last couple of years. I'd
point to the exact issue, but my collection isn't handy,
unfortunately. Essentially, the 900 network operates through regional
concentrators tied into the ESS/CCIS network, which prevents large
numbers of calls from simultaneously saturating the "primary" DDD
network. In fact, the poll numbers are usually even easier to handle
than the more elaborate taped messages -- most polls terminate in a
very short recording that simply tells you that your vote was counted,
and that's all. Holding time for such calls is very short.
I see no reason why people shouldn't pay to have their vote registered
via such systems, but frankly, I also consider such polls to be
useless or perhaps even dangerous. They are useless, of course, since
there is no control over the sample, and this renders the poll
statistically meaningless. Who bothers to call? People with 50 cents
to toss away? Who calls more than once? Are there organized "flood
the poll" campaigns? The polls can be dangerous if people in "power"
believe them. So far most of these dialin polls have exhibited
distinct conservative trends, often showing figures totally opposite
to more scientific, statistically valid polls taken at approximately
the same time. If people BELIEVE the "instant" polls and make
decisions based on their inaccurate data, we could have some real
problems on our hands.
---
The concept of bidding for spectrum space has been raised many times
before. It has some definite validity, but could well result in very
unbalanced spectrum usage -- even worse than we see today. Instead of
certain parts of the spectrum happening to be unused as we have now,
would we see large organizations buy up large segments of spectrum and
then CONTINUE to keep them unused -- thus locking out potential new
uses for that space? I'm sure there are many entities which would
like to have a nice chunk of spectrum tucked away for a "rainy day".
Another problem -- would you REALLY like to see, say, the Public
Broadcasting Service bidding against the religious mania networks?
The latter have BIG BUCKS -- it's truly amazing -- and I'm sure that
many local television stations would be vulnerable to outbidding by
special interest groups out to "save" the masses.
These are just a couple of simple examples -- the actual situation is
very complex. I'm not saying that bidding wouldn't work in certain
segments of spectrum allocation, but extreme care would have to be
used. Frankly, given the current behavior pattern of the Commission,
the last thing I'd expect to see is "extreme care".
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 9 Dec 83 00:40:43 pst
From: cunningh@Nosc (Robert P. Cunningham)
Subject: MCI & Hawaii
I spoke too soon by when I said that MCI is not available here in
Hawaii. This evening I went to a shopping center...and saw an MCI
booth, offering a free phone call to the mainland there and then to
everyone who signed up with MCI on the spot. They're here.
Bob Cunningham, Dept. of Oceanography, Univ. of Hawaii
------------------------------
Date: 09 Dec 83 00:01:55 PST (Fri)
Subject: Re: 900 numbers -- political uses / technology used?
From: Jerry Sweet <jsweet%UCI@USC-ECL>
I don't see how one could use such a scheme for voting unless there
were some mechanisms installed to insure "one person, one vote" -- and
it is unclear to me how one could do that without incurring a Big
Brother syndrome. Because of this problem (not to mention the
"instantaneous emotional register" problem), it should be clear that
the error margin for polls conducted with the 900 number is
potentially rather large as the public becomes more sophisticated in
use of the technology.
--Jerry
------------------------------
Date: 9 December 1983 09:22 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: California PUC; spectrum auction
There is a connection between the two stories sent to the last digest
by Ted Vail regarding developments in California. It is precisely the
10% tax on long distance which provides the incentive for large
organizations like UC to bypass the regular phone system and set up a
private network. That's why access charges have been proposed as an
alternative to the tax.
*******
Regarding auctioning spectrum: the idea has been raised many times. A
revision to the Communications Act proposed in 1978 by Congressman Van
Deerlin would have levied "spectrum fees" on all users of spectrum;
the bill never got out of committee.
Other writings on the subject include a paper by Douglas Webbink put
out by the FCC's Office of Plans and Policies in 1980, a PhD
dissertation by Charles Jackson of MIT in 1974, and a book by a
professor at Hofstra called "The Invisible Resource" published in the
early 70's.
Simply allowing holders of spectrum licenses to sell them to the
highest bidder -- even for different uses -- would eliminate the
problem of some bands being highly congested and others being little
used, although the windfall would be reaped by the original license
holder rather than by the Treasury. Recently the Commission has been
moving towards easing restrictions on license sales, and less
subdivision of the spectrum based on uses.
To give evyeryone an equal chance at capturing that windfall, the
Congress recently authorized some spectrum licenses to be awarded by
lottery rather than by the FCC trying to decide who was the "better"
applicant. The technique will be used for allocating cellular mobile
licenses in the smaller cities.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: Fri 9 Dec 83 09:48:52-EST
From: Marvin Sirbu <SIRBU@MIT-XX.ARPA>
Subject: porn phone
According to an article in this morning's Globe (p.5 ): " The
telephone sex provisions in the new law authorize the FCC to impose
civil fines, and the attorney general to seek criminal penalties
against any person or firm operating a phone service judged to be
`obscene or indecent' if it is available to anyone under 18 years of
age. Operators of such a commercial service would face penalties of
up to $50,000 and imprisonment for up to six months.
The provision, written primarily by Rep. Thomas J. Bliley (R-Va.),
resulted from a dispute over a phone sex service operated by the New
York publisher of High Society, a magazine that features pictures of
nude women."
So much for one of New York Telephone's biggest 900 money makers.
This is the first instance of a restriction of a type previously
applied only to publishers being applied to a common carrier.
------------------------------
Date: 9 December 1983 09:53 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: taping phone conversations
For years it has been illegal under FCC imposed tariffs for either
party to tape a telephone conversation without having a "beeper" on
the line which signals the other party that the conversation is being
taped. Of course the wide availability of microphones that facilitate
recording off the phone from an ordinary tape recorder have made the
rule unenforceable.
In a recent action the FCC has proposed to do away with the rule
altogether. Better, they argue, to put people on notice that they
will not be warned if their conversation is being taped than to lull
them into a false sense of security by having an unenforceable rule.
Commentary:
I think the rule should be retained. Maybe it is unenforceable, but I
think the FCC should be on record as saying that they believe that
taping without mutual consent is a violoation of privacy. There is a
moral suasion value in having the rule on the books which would be
lost if the rule is dropped.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
12-Dec-83 16:55:17-PST,14540;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 12 Dec 83 16:40:40-PST
Date: 12 Dec 83 1640-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #117
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 13 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 117
Today's Topics:
taping phone conversations
More on 900 numbers
Push-pulse phones and Bell's mistake
News from the SW: 2 ACCESS CHARGES ????
News from the SW: $650+ million rate hike recommended ...
news from the SW: "...not enough information to support cost figures"
SWB-news: $653 MILLION INTERIM INCREASE APPROVED
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 10 December 1983 14:02 EST
From: Stephen C. Hill <STEVEH @ MIT-MC>
Subject: taping phone conversations
It is my impression (though G.o.k. that I'm fallible) that the rule
had been changed to "as long as one party to the conversation knows
that the conversation is being taped" a beeper is no longer needed. I
seem to remember that I heard this about 1970-72.
I have been following that dictum ever since. Can anyone provide a
cite?
------------------------------
Date: 10 December 1983 17:43 EST
From: Stephen C. Hill <STEVEH @ MIT-MC>
Subject: More on 900 numbers
Does this mean that they will charge their 50c for the call?
------------------------------
From: allegra!watmath!looking!brad@Berkeley
Date: Sat Dec 10 15:33:19 1983
Subject: Push-pulse phones and Bell's mistake
Recently, I have been quiet annoyed to find that most manufacturers of
telephones are making them with what they call the "universal dial"
system, which means that they have buttons, but they actually send out
dial pulses and it takes a long time. I am glad they advertise this
because it warns me not to buy these phones when what I want is
touch-tone service.
But, sad to say, these phones are proliferating, and that has nasty
implications. Manufacturers make these phones so they only have to
make one model. Customers buy them because they can pretend they are
getting push-button convenience without paying the Bell touch-tone
fee, which here is about $3 per month. Now the silly thing is, Bell
wants to convert everything to tones eventually, because it costs less
to have pure touch tone service than to have pulses or the
combination. But, because of tarriff regs, they have to charge more
for it until the service is universal.
Sadly, the widespread use of these cheap phones throws a spanner in
the works, for Bell will now be forced to support pulse calling for
many years to come. I suspect if they decided to scrap pulse dialing
arbitrarily and give touch-tone phones to everybody who rents from
them, the public uproar would be so immense that they would never get
away with it.
..... Brad Templeton.
------------------------------
Date: Mon 12 Dec 83 00:52:36-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: News from the SW: 2 ACCESS CHARGES ????
Southwestern Interim Bell Increase Denied by Utility Panel
==========================================================
(Austin American Statesman, Nov 24, 83)
Texas telephone customers won, at least, a 4-month
postponement, Wednesday, from paying a new "access charge" on
monthly bills for in-state long-distance telephone service.
Southwestern Bell telephone company (SWB) asked the State
Public Utility Commision (PUC) last week to approve temporary
access charges of $1.25 a month for residential customers and
$2.35 a month for businesses, pending the outcome of its $1.3
billion rate increase case, in which a ruling is expected in
April 84.
Bell wanted the charges, which it has renamed "common line
charges," to start Jan 1, when it seperates from ATT. The
charges would have continued until the commission settled the
permanent rate case.
But Mary McDonald, a commission hearing examiner, issued an
order Wednesday that blocks the imposition of access
charges on residential and business customers, unitl the
entire Bell rate case is decided by the commission next
spring.
McDonald outlined a plan that places all access charges on
long-distance companies, such as ATT and MCI, until final
action is taken by the PUC.
Access charges, which do not now exist, are supposed to
reimburse Bell and other local telephone companies for
long-distance revenues they will lose when ATT is broken up
Jan 1.
Such charges would be paid by long-distance companies and
local residential and business customers, regardless of wether
they made long-distance calls. They are supposed to reflect
the cost of providing the customer with access to the
long-distance network.
The FCC plans to impose an access-charge starting April 3 to
recover lost inter-state long-distance revenues. The Texas
PUC is considering an access-charge for lost intra-state
long-distance business.
In asking Nov 18 for $977 million interim rate-increase, Bell
said, $776.4 million of it should be paid by access charges on
the long-distance companies such as ATT which handles more
than 90% of the long-distance business, and MCI. Another
$98.2 million, Bell said, should come from access charges on
local residential and business customers.
McDonald's order, unless it is rejected by the 3-member
commission, dictates that all access charges, whatever their
amount, be paid by long-distance companies.
Her decision, however, will not, neccessarily, spare Texas
customers of Bell from all the effects of the proposed $977
million interim rate increase. The interim request includes
an increase of $1.35 per month on standard residential service
as well as a $48 million increase on certain instate
long-distance calls.
Jacqueline Holms, a commission administrative law-judge
handling the BEll-rate case, is expected to rule next week on
proposed interim rates. McDonald's decision also does not
rule out the possibility of access charges once the $1.3
billion rate case is decided next year. In that case, Bell
has asked for monthly residential access charge of $2 and a
business access charge of $5.10.
Dale Johnson, the district staff manager for news and employee
information, said, Bell was pleased with the ruling except for
the decision not to include access charges on residential and
business customers.
Bell will not appeal, he said.
Mill Peterson, division manager for regulatory relations for
ATT, said, his company felt that local telephone customers
should help pay the cost for providing long-distance service
but that ATT might be able to live with McDonald's order
because it is only a temporary solution.
------------------------------
Date: Mon 12 Dec 83 00:55:57-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: News from the SW: $650+ million rate hike recommended ...
BELL INTERIM RATE BOOST RECEIVES PARTIAL SUPPORT
--------------------------------------------------
(Austin American Statesman, Nov 30)
Southwestern Bell Telephone Company (SWB) deserves $645
million of the $976.9 million temporary rate increase it
seeks, but not from higher bills from local customers, the
staff of the Texas PUC recommended Tuesday.
Bell asked for $976.9 million interim increase - including a
$2.60 boost in monthly residential bills - from Jan 1 until
the PUC rules in April on the full $1.3 billion rate increase
request. The PUC-staff said all of the $645 million increase
should come from other long-distance telephone companies,
including $546 million from ATT which will no longer own Bell
as of Jan 1.
Dale Johnson, a Bell official said, the staff recommendation
was "clearly inadequate."
The company contends that its seperation from ATT will cost so
much, about $830 million a year, that it must have interim
rate increases to keep it financially healthy until the
commission rules in April. BEll has said for years that
long-distance profits subsidize local service. Jacqueline
Holms, the administrative law judge handling the Bell case for
the commission is expected to rule on the interim rate next
week. ATT told the commission that approval of the Bell
request would force it ask for its own interim increase of
more than $200 million on intra-state long-distance calls.
US Telephone Inc., a long-distance company, protested that
interim rates would boost its long-distance bill from $12.8
million a year to $149.7 million a year, an increase of 1070%.
US Telephone charged that the Bell proposal is patently
anti-competitive and most not be tolerated by this commission
because it favored ATT.
Most of the $976 million proposed increase - $776.4 million -
would fall on ATT and other long-distance companies such as
MCI. But Bell also sought $175.3 million in new and higher
monthly charges to local residential and business customers
and $25 million more for certain instate long-distance calls.
Bell sought a $2.60 monthly increase for residential customers
including $1.35 to cover increases in local costs and a new
$1.25 "access charge" to reflect the cost of providing
long-distance service, even if the customer makes no
long-distance calls. A commission hearing examiner, in a
seperate but related proceeding last week, made an interim
ruling on access charges, cut the proposed $1.25 charge for
residential customers.
------------------------------
Date: Mon 12 Dec 83 01:40:22-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: news from the SW: "...not enough information to support cost
Subject: figures"
BELL plays down reduction in $1 billion rate request
=====================================================
(Associated Press - Wednesday, Dec 7, 83)
A decision by Southwestern Bell Tel. Co. to give up on $43
million of its rate increase request will have almost no
effect on the $1 billion-plus rate increase being sought,
a company official said Tuesday.
Dale Johnson said the company has decided it does not have
enough information to support a request for more money to
cover the cost of centralized services to be provided to the
SWB and six other regional companies that become independent
Jan. 1. The $43 million drop leaves the SW rate increase
request in Texas at $1.32 billion. The initial request, filed
June, was for $1.7 billion, but the company has made several
reductions.
The company expected to have calculated the cost of
centralized services in time for the rate hearing in progress
before the PUC, but cost figures are unavailable, Johnson
said.
The $43 million reduction has "very minimal effect to
ratepayers," he said.
...
------------------------------
Date: Mon 12 Dec 83 01:42:16-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: SWB-news: $653 MILLION INTERIM INCREASE APPROVED
$653.3 MILLION INTERIM INCREASE GIVEN APPROVAL
=============================================
( Austin American Statesman, Dec 10)
SWB won approval from a Texas PUC official to, temporarily,
enact new charges of $653.3 million a year Friday, but the
Consumer Attorney for the State, immediately, said he would
appeal. $600 million would be paid by long-distance
companies while the remaining $53 million represent higher
charges for what little long-distance business Bell will
retain - non-local calls made within regional areas called
"local access," and "transport areas."
A Bell official said, that Bell would, probably, appeal the
reduction of its $977 million request.
ATT has previously indicated, that in result, it might be
forced to seek its own $200 million interim rate increase to
pay for the long-distance connection to Bell.
Monthly residential and business bills for local service will
not go up .... Bell had requested a $2.60 monthly increase
for residential customers. ....
Jim Boyle, state consumer lawyer for utility matters, said
Holmes (the approving administrative law judge) was "to be
commended that the rates for basic service are not going to
increase," but that he was going to appeal her decision to the
3 PUC commissioners.
Paul Roth, a Bell VP, said the interim order was
"keenly disappointing" and that $653 million "simply is not
enough" to replace the long-distance revenues it will lose
starting Jan 1 ... and complained that this [ reduced
increased ]
"sends a negative signal precisely at the time that the
investment community is carefully evaluating SWB's newly
issued stock."
SWB had asked for $977 million interim increase, pending the
ruling of the PUC, expected in April, on its request for a
permanent increase of $1.3 million in rate and service
charges.
[ Friends, if someone had invented this sad commedy of how the public
is being set up to be milked, I (nobody) would believe it ]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
14-Dec-83 14:48:57-PST,7747;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 14 Dec 83 14:41:31-PST
Date: 14 Dec 83 1433-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #118
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 15 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 118
Today's Topics:
Universal Dial
Polls and 900 numbers
ADams office, 214 area
Another CNA Goes Public
Disposable Phones
Public "charge" phones
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 12 Dec 83 2043 EST (Monday)
From: Michael.Fryd@CMU-CS-A (X435MF0E)
Subject: Universal Dial
There is no need to worry about so called Universal-Dial systems
forcing operating companies to support pulse dialing forever.
Most of the phones that I have seen on the market look like they will
only last a few years.
------------------------------
Date: 12 Dec 1983 2144-PST
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: Polls and 900 numbers
Aw, c'mon guys! Who does it hurt when "Entertainment Tonight" or
"Friday Night Video" uses 900 numbers to take an informal poll? Not
me! (Besides, "Friday Night Video" won't take votes from the West
Coast anyway...)
--Lynn
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 13 Dec 83 8:30:11 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: ADams office, 214 area
June 1959 Scientific American, page 10, has ADams 5-2323 at
Richardson, Texas (suburb of Dallas). (Someone was wondering if AD
stood for Addison, which is near Richardson. Most place names which
were retained for central office names in dial system are in NYC
area.)
------------------------------
Date: 13 Dec 1983 05:55-PST
Subject: Another CNA Goes Public
From: SAC.ADR@USC-ISIE
Article from TeleNews, Nebraska Edition, Vol 2, No 11 (Dec 83):
Ever need the name and address that goes with a number? Now there's a
service that can give it to you. Current (rather than Customer?) Name
and Address Service (CNA) is available as of Nov 1.
With the service, you can obtain the name and address for any
telephone listed in the five states served by Northwestern Bell. You
cannot receive information on non-published numbers.
There's a 50-cent charge, and you can get two listings per call.
Call a CNA operator any time during the day or night. When calling
from within the 402 area code, call 1-580-2255 (Omaha customers need
also dial *1* first). Outside the 402 area code, call 1-402-580-2255.
Normal long distance charges apply for calls outside Omaha.
**NOTE: Omaha has no 580 'exchange'
George Rezac
------------------------------
Date: 13 Dec 83 15:43 EST
From: Denber.WBST@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Disposable Phones
Speaking of cheap phones, last week a local lumber and building supply
company here in Rochester had one-piece "push-pulse" phones on sale
for $4.88. (That's right - for the price of popcorn and a movie, you
can get a phone). They have square keys with a reasonably long
travel, last number redial, mute, and ringer off/on. I was about to
say that that price is even lower than for pocket calculators, except
that someone just walked in showing me the solar calculator that a
vendor gave him free at the end of his pitch. Amazing.
- Michel
------------------------------
Date: 14 Dec 1983 09:22:40-EST
From: prindle at NADC
Subject: Public "charge" phones
Well, there I am wandering aimlessly about Washington National airport
while waiting for my flight last night, when what to my wondering eyes
did appear, a pair of distinctly unique public phones - "charge"
phones. No, AT&T had not created this marvel, it was MCI. The
instructions accompanying these phones did not spell out the rates,
just promised me that it would cost me less (than what?) to call if I
charged the call to my VISA or MASTER CARD; so I decided to try it:
1. You pick up the phone and get a dial tone. At this point I
think you are simply tied into a local Bell private line,
but the tone pad is for the most part non-functional.
2. You point the magnetic stripe in the right direction and
slide your VISA or MASTER CARD card through a slot on the
right side of the phone.
3. The phone dials a local number by itself (an MCI access
port, I suppose). A new dial tone (MCI's local tone)
appears.
4. The phone then dials a seemingly endless sequence of tones.
I suspect that it starts out with a special MCI access
code which identifies the call as a charge call, possibly
identifies the phone itself, then transmits your card type,
number, expiration date, etc.
5. After a brief delay, a somewhat weaker dial tone appears
(the MCI network itself I guess), and the card on the phone
says to now dial an area code and number anywhere in the
U.S.A. I dialed my favorite "always busy" number here in
PA, and sure enough, within a few seconds I was greeted
with the friendly, but not particularly loud, busy signal.
(I hung up quickly because I know MCI starts charging based
on time, not supervision).
If this catches on (and it certainly seems like it will if the charges
are really less than an equivalent AT&T call made with user entered
calling card number), it will surely result in Bell system (or
whatever they will be called after 1 Jan) public phones dying a quick
death. This will not be a happy result, unfortunately, since many
people either do not own one of those two credit cards, or cannot
comprehend the complexity of placing a call this way.
It also raises several questions: Does MCI "eat" the cost of the local
private line and/or the local calls, or is this factored in to the
price of each call placed by a user of the phone? Does MCI verify the
entered credit card number via online access to the credit card
authorization center prior to completing the call (normally, obtaining
an authorization requires that the amount of the charge be know in
advance)? Since the tones used to establish the local connection and
to enter the access code and credit card info are audible, what does
MCI do to prevent fraudulent use of the service? Someone could tape
the sequence of tones, analyze them, and determine how to place such a
call from any phone substituting someone else's credit card number.
Perhaps the receiving end will not accept the tones if entered slowly
by hand. Perhaps the credit card info is encrypted. Perhaps, they
haven't even addressed the problem. It is also doubtful that a user's
calls will show up itemized on his credit card statement, so how does
he keep MCI honest, or check for errors (I hear there are lots of
billing errors on MCI)? If such phones largely replaced the standard
variety in public places, wouldn't MCI be required to make the phones
capable of reaching emergency numbers without a credit card?
In any case, it looks like the Bell companies had better jump on the
technology bandwagon or find a place to bury their public phone
systems.
Frank Prindle
Prindle@NADC
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
15-Dec-83 21:28:11-PST,15987;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 15 Dec 83 21:11:00-PST
Date: 15 Dec 83 2110-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #119
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 16 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 119
Today's Topics:
MCI phone at DCA terminal
AP story on MCI charge phones.
CNA Service for Northwestern Bell
cheap telephones
FCC moves to regulate telephone `sex-services'.
Rates from the MCI phone at DCA terminal
Guess who reads the Digest?
Telephones killed by radio contest.
MCI Rates...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 14 Dec 1983 1816-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI phone at DCA terminal
This was announced a few weeks ago in the digest... AT&T also plans to
introduce this service once they are separated on 1 Jan.
The point brought up about emergency numbers is interesting, but this
is of course a state-by-state issue. I remember something about it
only being required on outdoor phones. The PUC should be contacted,
though.
MCI should be glad to provide this service as a measure of public good
will.
------------------------------
Date: 14 Dec 1983 16:20-PST
Subject: AP story on MCI charge phones.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow <Geoff @ SRI-CSL>
a011 2217 28 Nov 83 PM-Credit Card Calls,420 Card Caller Telephones
For AT&T, MCI By NORMAN BLACK Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - The American Telephone & Telegraph Co. and MCI
Communications have selected the next battlefield in their war for
long-distance phone calls - the nation's airports, bus stations,
convention centers and hotel lobbies.
AT&T announced Monday it would soon start installing special
''Card Caller'' telephones and distributing new credit cards that
would allow travelers to dispense with the hassle of punching in
special codes or using an operator. More than 47 million of the new
cards will be mailed free-of-charge in January to customers who now
have a Bell System calling card, AT&T said.
The heavy plastic cards will be specially encoded, allowing
customers to simply insert the card in the new phones to
automatically bill their local number.
MCI, which operates the nation's second-largest long-distance
network, immediately responded with an announcement of its own - it
will begin installing special ''card-reading'' telephones next week
tied to the MCI network that will accept MasterCard and Visa.
''There are about 120 million holders of MasterCard and Visa and
they'll be able to call anywhere in the continental United States and
Hawaii from these phones using those cards,'' said MCI spokesman Gary
Tobin. ''They won't have to be MCI subscribers.''
Both companies said they had been moving toward credit-card
phones for some time and claimed the other was merely an imitator.
Both agreed, however, they would now have to fight for ''shelf
space'' for their new phones.
Of the two systems, AT&T's is the most advanced from an equipment
standpoint. Its new ''Card Caller'' phone features a small, built-in
computer and a video screen to display instructions and the number
that's being dialed. While AT&T executives refused to discuss such
possibilities Monday, they agreed their new phones have the
capability for more futuristic uses, such as displaying ''electronic
mail'' or directory information.
The AT&T phone can also be used regardless of whether a traveler
is placing a local call or a long-distance call because AT&T will be
paying the Bell companies to handle billing services.
MCI's phones, on the other hand, won't feature any type of
display screen and can be used only when placing an interstate
long-distance call. But they will have an attached ''card reader''
that will scan a MasterCard or Visa just as AT&T's phone will
''read'' its card.
The immediate object of both systems is to make it easier for
travelers to place a phone call when they're away from home, in the
process fighting for an estimated $2 billion a year in long-distance,
pay-phone business.
ap-ny-11-29 0116EDT ***************
I wondered many of the same things that prindle@NADC did with respect
the credit card verification and security against fraud and such.
However, its MY opinion that MCI and AT&T are wasting their time and
money with respect to these new fangled public pay phones.
Why?
Because with cellular radio coming to a town near you in the next year
or so, why should you want to waste your time lining up to use or find
a pay phone when you have the convenience of placing your call as you
stroll thru the airport or the like.
If I were a MCI stock holder, I'd sell short!
Geoff
P.S. It would be interesting for someone to actually place one or more
successful calls on MCI public phones and see how their "appear" on
their VISA or MasterCharge bill (i.e. does each call get a `separate'
charge or do they get bunched? if bunched, daily, weekly, monthly,
???).
------------------------------
Date: 14 Dec 1983 1929-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: CNA Service for Northwestern Bell
Now we have two places with public CNA -- all of Northwestern Bell,
plus Chicago.
The Northwestern Bell Service is particularly interesting in the way
it is priced. People in Omaha have to pay 50 cents to use it. But
anyone outside the Omaha area only has to pay the current LD charge
for calling it -- i.e. whatever it costs to call Omaha by whatever
carrier you choose to use.
If I call it on a Band 5 WATS from Massachusetts at night, it may cost
as little as 5 cents if the interchange of information between me and
the operator is fast enough, say 20-25 seconds.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 14 Dec 83 17:21:18 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: cheap telephones
Denber writes of telephones for $4.88 (the price of popcorn and a
movie). There are numerous stores around here (West Los Angeles and
Santa Monica) selling telephones for around that price and I have seen
receive-only telephones (no buttons or dial) for only 99 cents. But
where can you see a movie and buy popcorn for only $4.88?
vail
------------------------------
Date: 14 Dec 1983 17:18-PST
Subject: FCC moves to regulate telephone `sex-services'.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow <Geoff @ SRI-CSL>
a238 1609 14 Dec 83
AM-Telephone Sex,650
FCC Moves To Regulate ''Dial-A-Porn''
By NORMAN BLACK
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - The Federal Communications Commission, with
some trepidation, moved Wednesday toward regulating ''Dial-A-Porn''
telephone sex services.
By a unanimous vote, the agency solicited public comment on how
it might enforce a new law signed by President Reagan last week that
declares any commercial service using ''obscene or indecent''
language illegal if it is available to persons under 18 years of age.
Since the law gives the agency only 180 days to establish
regulations, the FCC said it was setting a deadline of Jan. 23 for
comments.
The commission's action came just one day after Car-Bon
Publishers Inc., a New York firm that publishes High Society magazine
and whose call-in sex line prompted the new law, went to federal
court in Manhattan with a suit aimed at overturning the statute as
unconstitutional.
High Society, a magazine that features pictures of nude women,
began offering its telephone sex service last spring as a promotional
gimmick. The service allows individuals to call a special phone
circuit in New York City and listen to tape recordings of women -
supposedly those in the latest issue of the magazine - simulating
sex.
There is no special charge for the service in New York, because
much of the city is on measured service and thus local phone calls
are billed separately or counted toward an allowance. Persons outside
New York who dial the number must pay the normal long-distance
charges.
While originally designed as a promotional gimmick, the service
has proven highly lucrative for High Society because of the huge
number of people who have been calling. The magazine pockets two
cents for each call, and the service has attracted up to 500,000
calls a day.
The callers, to the chagrin of state and federal governments,
have included public employees listening in during work hours.
Several state governments - Virginia, for one - have received
unexpectedly high long-distance bills because of calls to High
Society's number.
On Wednesday, the Pentagon acknowledged it had discovered that
136 such calls had been made from the Defense Intelligence Agency in
February, March and April. The agency's phones have now been equipped
with a special ''electronic block'' to prevent such calls in the
future, the Pentagon said.
Under the law signed by Reagan Dec. 8, the FCC is authorized to
impose civil fines, and the attorney general to seek criminal
penalties, against any person or firm operating a phone service
judged to be ''obscene or indecent'' if available to minors.
Operators of such a commercial service face maximum penalties of up
to $50,000 and imprisonment for six months.
The law specifically directs the F@8 vedop standards for
determining when a phone sex service has taken reasonable steps to
ensure that minors can't call it and thus is immune from prosecution.
It was that provision that attracted commission scrutiny
Wednesday, with FCC General Counsel Bruce Fein stating he was not
sure how the agency should comply with the directive.
The FCC offered several possibilities for public comment, such as
restricting the services to ''those hours when a majority of parents
can be expected to be home and therefore responsible for their
children's behavior;'' for example, from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.
The agency also noted any service requiring credit card
information might be acceptable, while acknowledging that would have
no effect on High Society's service.
''Comments are sought, however, on whether some automated
variation of a screening device might be feasible, such as an access
code that requires no operator assistance,'' the FCC said.
The agency also noted it might consider limiting advertisements
of such phone numbers to the inside pages of magazines available only
to persons over 18, but at the same time questioned whether it had
authority ''to impose restrictions on advertising.''
In a related development, the author of the new law asked the FCC
Wednesday to levy fines totaling $15.8 million on High Society. Rep.
Thomas J. Bliley, R-Va., argued the FCC should levy the maximum
penalty of $50,000 a day dating back to Feb. 1, when the service
first began.
Bliley contends the phone sex service was illegal even before the
new law was enacted and that it is ''time the FCC got off the dime
... and put these guys out of business.''
ap-ny-12-14 1909EST ***********( *
With 1984 just two weeks away, I find the `Owellan' implications of
this proposed law worthy of considerable note:
Who declares/decides if a given dial-up service is obscene or
indecent? Would the law have certain words (the like George Carlin
magic 7) which are not allowed?
The text of the story seems to revolve around "voice sex services",
but what about computer based bbs systems, such as the MRC BBS in
Mtn.View?
And just HOW does one propose to PREVENT the under 18ers from
accessing such voice or computer based systems electronically? When
you walk into your local ol' sex shoppe, they can ask for your ID or
Drivers License....but how would the equivalent of being `carded' be
done over a phone connx?
Lastly, anyone know how/why High Society goes about accumulating 2
cents per call made to their porn number? I would be interested in
having the same accumulation technique/service put on my home and
office phone lines.
Geoff
------------------------------
Date: 14 Dec 1983 2051-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Rates from the MCI phone at DCA terminal
I just called MCI Customer Service (800 MCI-MCI0) to find out what the
rates are for non-MCI customers who use the phone and charge to their
VISA/MC accounts.
They insisted that there was no higher charge (even though the news
article quoted an MCI spokesman stating that non-customers would pay a
higher rate).
So DCA to Boston would cost 25 cents a minute. The AT&T rate is 26
cents a minute (with the first minute being 9 cents more when direct
dialled -- but an additional $1.05 for using the AT&T card).
MCI customer service told me that if I was charged any additional
charge for using my VISA/MC, I should call customer service and have
it taken off, since customer service had told me that there was no
charge.
[I'd check again right before using one of those phones... and get the
name of the customer service rep to whom you spoke...]
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 14 Dec 83 22:54:12 EST
From: A B Cooper III <abc@brl-bmd>
Subject: Guess who reads the Digest?
By his own admission, the President (I believe) of MCI Digital
Information Services Corporation--those folks who bring you MCI Mail,
reads this Digest every weekend from home. His name escapes me, but
he was the keynote speaker at the Computer Networking Symposium
sponsored by IEEE and NBS in Silver Spring, Maryland early this week.
I say welcome and wonder if any AT&T or Sprint execs are "read-in" as
well.
This truly is a wonderful forum. Imagine the speed of the feedback
channel!.
Brint
[Well! TELECOM really does have an impressive audience! Distribution
goes out over USENET, so all the AT&T Companies get copies. My
presonal regards to the President of MCI Information Services
Corporation! --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 14 Dec 83 21:46:19 EST
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Telephones killed by radio contest.
About a month ago telephone service in NW Washington, D.C. was totally
disrupted because a local radio station was having some phenomenal
call-in contest. People in the area just picked up their phones and
got no dial tone.
Just wait until the ATT long distance goes belly up when MTV decides
to give away a rock star to the one hundredth caller at 1-900-....
-Ron
[Most large cities have had mass calling prefixes, which restrict the
number of connections from outside exchanges to 2 or 3 per exchange.
Boston: 931, Los Angeles: 520, New York: 955. Radio stations are all
connected to that exchange. If everybody in your exchange dials the
station number, they will get circuit jam signals before you run out
of resources. 1-900 numbers are all CCIS. The network won't connect
your line to a long distance trunk without first checking to see if
the line at the other end is busy. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 15 Dec 1983 1437-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI Rates...
More on MCI rates from the pay phones at DCA terminal.
Today, I was quoted a daytime rate of 42 cents per minute (the same as
the AT&T rate) and was told that there is a 15 cent connect charge.
???
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
16-Dec-83 14:35:37-PST,7608;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 16 Dec 83 14:26:19-PST
Date: 16 Dec 83 1427-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #120
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 17 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 120
Today's Topics:
Dial-Up Sex Services
MCI Charge-a-call phones
Portable TouchTone generators
airport phones vs celluar
Rumors...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 16 Dec 1983 0745-PST
From: Wmartin@OFFICE-3 (Will Martin)
Subject: Dial-Up Sex Services
I am somewhat mystified by all this recent hoopla regarding the High
Society magazine dial-up audio sex line. For many years there have
been hundreds of dial-up services advertised in the tiny ads in the
back of the "men's magazines", wherein you dial, give a MC or Visa
number, and get n minutes of supposedly stimulating conversation with
a person of the female persuasion. Is the only difference with this
one the implication that it is free (aside from the cost of the call
itself)? If so, I guess the poor peoples' organizations should cite
this as another example of the administration's "anti-poor-people"
attitude they keep complaining about...
The best comment I ever saw on this sort of thing was a cartoon in one
of the magazines carrying such ads. It showed the woman on the other
end of the line -- a frowzy housewife in her kitchen with a kid on a
highchair, reading all this salacious stuff off a gravy-splattered
script...
Some local massage parlor used to have a similar service here; until
they opened up around noon or so, if you dialled their number, you got
one of several (seemingly random choice) recordings of a sultry female
voice talking of sexual matters. It was interesting that they were
very careful to not use any slang or common obscenities or terms;
always very clinically proper in their terminology. Anyway, there was
no fuss about this that I recall, but the number was changed a day or
so after it became common knowledge. This doesn't seem to exist here
anymore, but most of the massage parlors have been repressed recently.
Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 16 Dec 1983 0806-PST
From: Wmartin@OFFICE-3 (Will Martin)
Subject: MCI Charge-a-call phones
I note the description in one of the messages about the new MCI
chargecard phones that they are good only for INTERSTATE calls. I
thought that these alternative services were now claiming that you
could call "any" other phone and there was no restriction on
intrastate calls. Is there some special restriction on the numbers
diallable (or reachable) from these particular MCI phones?
(I guess this would have to be tested somewhere else than the
Washington National example cited, as just about everything is
interstate from there.)
While I am on my usual intrastate vs. interstate pet peeve, was
anyone else offended by that mention that the California PUC allowed
intrastate LD charges to rise by 10+ percent? Intrastate charges, at
least here in Missouri, are far higher than the same distance called
interstate, and there is absolutely no excuse for this, except the
relative powers of the local telco and the state PUC (or equivalent)
as opposed to the FCC! If the powers-that-be who have decreed the
breakup and restructuring mainly to allow cheaper long distance
calling (I can't see any other benefit) believe in this cause so
strongly, why not also federally mandate that no intrastate call can
be charged at a higher rate than the same-distance call made
interstate? After all, isn't a cheaper intrastate LD call just as
important as a cheaper interstate LD call? For the nonce, freezing
all intrastate LD charges would seem to be the correct interim
procedure. I expect someone is going to say that the federal agencies
have no authority to so control a state matter, but that argument
doesn't hold much water around here, at least, where we have federal
judges setting local property tax rates and overriding local election
results regarding taxation, due to a school desegregation case. It
seems that any federal agency can really do just about anything it
wants if it wants to badly enough...
Growl... Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 16 Dec 1983 0830-PST
From: Wmartin@OFFICE-3 (Will Martin)
Subject: Portable TouchTone generators
Recently, one of the list contributors recommended the use of the
little portable TouchTone generators for accessing alternative LD
services from non-TouchTone phones. I just wonder if the common use
of such devices will lead to more use of "Blue Boxes", probably housed
in the same nondescript Radio Shack tone generator boxes?
After all, a few years ago when we were hearing about "blue box" LD
service theft fairly often in the news media, there were very few
legitimate uses for such external tone generators. The MCI/Sprint
services were not common yet, and, aside from some answering machine
control units, there was no justifiable reason for sending funny tones
into the telephone mouthpiece with a mysterious box. Now, with such
things common enough for Radio Shack to sell them, I would think that
it would be harder to restrain their use.
By the way, since we don't hear about "blue box" arrests anymore, has
the system been changed so that they don't work any more?
An hypothetical question: I note that Radio Shack sells one of these
tone generators to control appliances, lamps, etc. via dial-up. If
you built your own system to do this, or run a phone answering
machine, or some such legitimate use, but used the particular tone
patterns that the "blue box" people use to muck about in the innards
of the phone system, would your device be "illegal" or confiscatable
by telco security? That is, it would work as a "blue box", but also
function in the exact same manner to perform a perfectly legitimate
and legal purpose. By the way, are "blue boxes" in and of themselves
outlawed by any statute, or is it just their use for an illegal
purpose (theft of service) that is illegal (and they being thereby
confiscated as "tools of the crime" or some such)?
Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 16 Dec 83 1441 EST
From: Rudy.Nedved@CMU-CS-A
Subject: airport phones vs celluar
I am always amazed at how slow people change. You add better features
to existing systems but people rarely hop on the band wagon to use a
new "system" like walking down an airport corridor and talking on your
celluar telephone.
The current trend at least in Pittsburgh seems to be "car phone" sales
tactic....not "portable or belt phone". I expect the celluar phone to
take several years to get in almost everyone's car and then a few more
years to get outside the car.
Therefore MCI and AT&T are doing the right thing. Lots of money is
made in a few years.....
-Rudy
------------------------------
Date: 16 Dec 1983 1628-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Rumors...
Heard a rumor today that there was a major nationwide (i.e.
multi-site) PhonePhreak bust. Seems the FBI was busy.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
19-Dec-83 21:38:01-PST,14261;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 19 Dec 83 21:21:09-PST
Date: 19 Dec 83 2122-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #121
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 20 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 121
Today's Topics:
Cellular vs. public phones
SPRINT drops monthly service fee.
Airport Pay phones
Blue boxes
Cordless phones and stupidity...
July 1983 Chicago call guide
Re: MCI Charge-a-call phones
voice-grade service
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Friday, 16 Dec 1983 13:19:05-PST
From: decwrl!rhea!donjon!goldstein@Shasta
Subject: Cellular vs. public phones
MCI and AT&T may be having a nice time with public phones, but I'd
hate to discount them just because cellular is coming out. Cellular
means we'll have lots of new channels available in cities like NY and
Chicago, which long ago ran out of IMTS slots. But in return, radios
are even more expensive, about three grand apiece. And the hand-helds
aren't in real production yet (lots of battery drain to worry about!).
Then you pay about a quarter a minute for channel time, plus tolls.
And it'll be a few years before the small markets & boonies are on
cellular systems.
So I'll just hang on to my dimes (in Mass., you outlanders pay more, I
realize) and make my calls on the cheap. Heck, up here in the home of
the Bean & the Cod, there's no waiting list for cheap, old-fashioned
IMTS, and Cellular isn't even running yet. Admittedly it's hard to do
decent hand-held at 150 MHz, full duplex (my Yaesu handheld does great
hdx, tho), but only someone whose middle name is Croesus will use
Cellular when coin is available!
Fred
------------------------------
Date: 16 Dec 1983 14:51-PST
Subject: SPRINT drops monthly service fee.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow <Geoff @ SRI-CSL>
n012 0711 16 Dec 83 BC-SPRINT (BizDay) (ART TO LASER 2 CLIENTS) By
STEVEN J. MARCUS c.1983 N.Y. Times News Service
New York - The GTE Corp. announced Thursday that it would drop the
monthly service fee it charges users of its long-distance Sprint
service on Jan. 1 and offer its discount long-distance phone service
to any city in the United States.
The policy change is Sprint's attempt to increase its market share
quickly as competition for lucrative long-distance calling increases
with the breakup of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co.
''We will be offering a single type of service at low rates with
no monthly fee,'' said Dale F. Pilz, president of GTE Sprint. This
will enable the company ''to compete directly for all customers who
spend over $5 a month on long distance,'' he said.
The current long-distance market is worth about $50 billion a
year, according to Harry Edelson, an analyst with the First Boston
Corp. in New York. The market is dominated by the American Telephone
and Telegraph Co., with an estimated 94 percent share of the business.
The MCI Communications Corp., Edelson estimates, is second with 3
percent, and Sprint is third with 1.5 percent.
Given the great gap between the front-runner and the rest, most
analysts, as well as Sprint itself, say that the major target of the
runners-up is AT&T. Each is trying to erode its huge customer base,
with special emphasis on grabbing business customers who spend far
more than residences on long-distance calls.
Even with their small overall market shares, MCI's revenues in
1983 will be about $1.8 billion and Sprint's will approach $1 billion,
Edelson said.
''We view our competitor to be AT&T,'' said Tom Bestor, a
spokesman for GTE Sprint. ''Pricewise, we're about equal with MCI,
with average savings of 10 to 25 percent on a total bill'' compared
with AT&T. ''And by eliminating the monthly fee and start-up costs, we
expect to increase affordability even further.''
Gary Tobin, a spokesman for MCI, said his company was
''mystified'' as to why Sprint was cutting rates now when access
charges are not yet settled. Congress and the Federal Communications
Commission have yet to agree on the access charges that long-distance
carriers will pay local phone companies for access to their systems.
And Tobin said that Sprint's strategy might backfire if it had to
increase its rates once those new charges were set.
Beginning Jan. 1, all customers in Sprint network cities will be
able to call any city in the United States, whether it is in the
network or not, at rates that vary only with mileage and the time of
day.
Customers with bills of more than $25 will receive a discount on
all calls, with the discount increasing as the volume goes up, and
Home Sprint and Business Sprint will be combined in a single service.
But analysts say that Sprint's elimination of a start-up charge
and monthly service fee - there will be a minimum use charge of $5 a
month - will have the greatest impact. Sprint now has a service charge
of $5 a month for home users and a minimum of $25 a month for
businesses.
''This makes an enormous difference'' to the many low-volume users
across the country, said Edward M. Greenberg, an analyst with Sanford
C. Bernstein & Co. ''By eliminating the $5 charge, Sprint is
broadening the market it appeals to.''
But Edelson also expressed some surprise that GTE Sprint would cut
its prices now, before the access charge question is settled. He said
the new charges would likely require Sprint and its competitors to
revise their rates.
Still, ''they are cutting their rates now,'' Edelson said, ''so
that when customers get to choose'' the long-distance carrier they
wish to use in conjunction with their local phone service, the hope is
they will choose Sprint. ''GTE has enough cash to do a loss-leader now
and make it up later on,'' he said.
nyt-12-16-83 1001est ***************
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 15 Dec 83 11:01 EST
From: Steven Gutfreund <gutfreund%umass-cs@CSNet-Relay>
Subject: Airport Pay phones
When I was last at Homdel, the folks doing pay phones were very
worried about MCI's intention to enter the airport pay phone business.
It turns out that Airport pay phones are the only net income source in
the pay phone business, the rest of the pay phones are losers.
Collection costs are the worst part of it.
They were looking into magnetic strip cards and "smart cards" (those
with the chip inside them). But since they expected to still have to
provide those that collected the change, they were worried by this
move.
(oh yes, they have elaborate histogram and statictics that tell them
how often to visit each phone to pick up the money).
- steve
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 16 Dec 83 22:16:26 pst
From: The tty of Phil Lapsley <jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley>
Subject: Blue boxes
I personally wouldn't think that the proliferation of Radio Shack
Touch-Tone generators would lead to many more blue boxes being used.
After all, most people who would use a blue box would not use it in a
public place. Perhaps having more people with portable Touch-Tone
generators might let people with blue boxes use them with a bit less
secrecy, but I don't really think that will add to the number of
people using blue boxes.
Around here (Bay Area), the blue box situation is quite neatly sewn
up by Pac Tel. The equipment is set up in such a way that any call
made with a blue box drops a trouble card or triggers a printer
somewhere, so they have the time the call was made, as well as the
number it was made from, and the number it was made to. While this
certainly doesn't stop the call from being made, it effectively limits
what a person can do with a blue box -- that is, he cannot call
anyone, since they will simply get a call the next day from the
Security division, and of course, he must call from a pay telephone.
To me, this seems a very good solution to the problem.
As far as actual laws refering to blue boxes, you might check
California Penal Code 502.7. It does not actually make the posession
of a blue box illegal, but it does make doing anything with it a
misdemeanor. I quote: 502.7(b) "A person who ... sells, gives, or
otherwise transfers to another, or offers, or advertises, plans or
instructions for making or assembling an instrument, apparatus, or
device described [above, which mentions the actual intent to avoid a
charge with the device] with knowledge ... that they may be used to
make or assemble such an instrument ... is guilty of a misdemeanor."
Next comes 502.7(g) "An instrument, apparatus, device, plans,
instructions, or written publications described in subdivision (b) or
(c) of this section may be seized under warrant or incident to a
lawful arrest, and, upon the conviction of a person for a violation of
[the above laws], such instrument [etc] may be destroyed as contraband
by the sheriff of the county..."
They don't say what happens if they don't get a conviction. But in
any case, with the advent of CCIS and the ESS, blue boxes should be
rapidly becoming a thing of the past.
Phil
(jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley)
------------------------------
Date: 18 Dec 1983 1325-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Cordless phones and stupidity...
An article in the Boston Globe tells of some people in Woonsocket,
Rhode Island who were stupid enough to discuss illegal activities over
a cordless phone for an extended period of time (six weeks after they
were discovered by the police who taped some 100 hours of
conversations).
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 19 Dec 83 8:50:37 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: July 1983 Chicago call guide
On Friday night, I looked it up on microfiche at U of Del library.
Pages 32 & 33 list 312-area prefixes, and even though 1+ was
implemented for out-of-area calls from 312, I find no N0X or N1X.
Area code map points out 212 & 718 in NYC, but area code list shows
only 212 for NYC. No mention in either of 818 (to be split from 213).
I could not find CNA number on p. 2, which lists phone-co. numbers.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 19 Dec 83 9:02:19 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: MCI Charge-a-call phones
I don't understand your comment about "just about everything is
interstate" from Washington National Airport. The airport is in
Virginia, not DC. It can be reached using area 202 (which is good for
all except outermost Md. & Va. suburbs), but I understand that
intrastate rates would apply if you are calling long-distance between
Va. suburbs and other parts of Virginia. 202-936 was or is the
weather report from (or based on info from) Washington National, but
Richmond, in 703 area until 703/804 split in June 1973, also had a 936
for the weather.
------------------------------
Date: 19 December 1983 23:47 EST
From: Minh N. Hoang <MINH @ MIT-MC>
Subject: voice-grade service
This is in response to a question that was raised in the Telecom
Digest a while ago. I joined recently and didn't see too many
responses to it in the later digests.
The typical phone channel has about 3 Khz bandwidth (.5 - 3 Khz).
Most analog signals within the band will be passed except for a few
special signalling frequencies (like 2600 Hz), subject to the usual
channel distortions. The phone companies do have a basic specification
for their connections but this seems pretty much self-imposed on the
local level. I don't know whether the FCC specs minmum channel
performance on interstate circuits. But the international lines are
specified by CCITT in terms of noise, nonlinear distortions etc...
Going digital actually improves the phone's performance. As long as an
analog signal is sampled at least twice as fast as its highest freq
(Nyquist criteria), it can be reconstructed exactly. The tel. lines
are sampled at 8 Khz and as long as the bits don't get screwed, the
signal gets through w/ less distortion (some quantizing noise and
freq. shift) after the digital-to-analog conversion at the local
central office. Also digital signals are easier to switch and can be
transmitted w/o the additive noise effect like their analog counter
parts.
Further more, once the analog signal is in digital format, it can be
put through fancy signal processing schemes which bring us the $300
1200-baud modem in 3 chips. The fastest rate for dial line,
full-duplex is 2400 bps, the 224 modems. The fastest rate for dial
line, one way is 9600 bps. (The real state-of-the-art modem coming in
1 or 2 yrs is dial line, full-duplex 9600 bps each way, conforming to
the recently adopted CCITT Rec. V.39. By the way, Bell 212 is equiv.
to CCITT Rec. V.22; the 224's conforms to CCITT Rec. V.22 Bis. Modem's
handshaking protocols have to be set before anybody make them.)
Anyhow, for leased line, the fastest advertised speed if 19.2 Kbps.
But the real working speed is around 14.4 Kbps. Needlessly said here,
these modems cost bundles (A dollar a bps).
You can do a lot in 3 Khz... On the other hand, say the phone company
is digitizing our signal into 8-bit samples at 8 Khz. That means in
the system, the nominal rate is 64 Kbps. If the telcos can just extend
their lines to those who are sending digital data, the modems can be
eliminated w/ much improvement in service and little extra switching
cost. Direct digital service....
And then I'm still using a 300-baud modem... *Sigh*
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
20-Dec-83 16:50:34-PST,16318;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
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Date: 20 Dec 83 1611-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #122
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 21 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 122
Today's Topics:
"Blue Boxes"
Bell 212s and CCITT V.22
Cellular mobile phone
direct digital service
Wiretap loophole concerns.
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #121
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue 20 Dec 83 00:32:09-MST
From: Spencer W. Thomas <THOMAS@UTAH-20.ARPA>
Subject: "Blue Boxes"
My understanding of "blue boxes" is that the LD switching tones are
different from the standard Touch-Tone(R) frequencies. Thus, having
one of these Radio Shack Touch-Tone generators won't let you do
illegal LD dialing, anyway. Besides, on almost all circuits now, the
switching tones are on a different path from the voice (I never hear
them beep in the background anymore), so a "blue box" isn't supposed
to work. Maybe someone who works in this area can comment further.
=Spencer
------------------------------
Date: 20 Dec 1983 0832-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Bell 212s and CCITT V.22
Though the modulation technique of the Bell 212 is essentially
equivalent to the CCITT Recommendation V.22, there are unfortunately
enough differences that 212s and V.22s are not fully compatible.
Recommendation V.22 specifies different handshaking practices and the
presence of a pilot tone. The result is that many (but not all) 212
modems can originate calls to V.22 modems, but V.22 modems can not
originate calls to 212s. The major differences in the handshaking are
a different answer tone (the 2225 Hz answer tone of Bell 212s is close
enough to the 2280 Hz AC9 signalling frequency that telephone
connections in the U.K. will be disconnected upon answer) and the fact
that V.22 provides a different procedure for dealing with a lower
speed (neither the 103 technique which is not used at all in Europe
nor the similar V.21).
Since most European countries require that all telecommunications
equipment adhere strictly to CCITT recommendations (even in those very
few countries which permit privately owned modems) this severely
limits the use of 212s.
On a product I have been working on it will be interesting to see
which countries are willing to permit it to be used in originate-only
mode or between two cooperating versions of the product. Holland is
the only one so far. In most other countries we expect to have to
remove the 212 chips from the device, leaving only V.23 mode 2, which
is 1200 in one direction and 75 in the other.
------------------------------
Date: 20 Dec 1983 0708-PST
Subject: Cellular mobile phone
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
Question: What will happen with the current mobile phone system and
equipment when the new cellular systems are installed? I would think
that they would both operate in parallel for at least some time, but
is that planned to continue indefinitely? Or are there industries
clamoring for the current mobile phone frequency assignments already?
Will the current system continue in less-dense areas, with the
cellular systems for highly-developed urban areas only? In that case,
will the operating companies have to maintain operators and equipment
to service the non-local old-style mobile phone usesrs who come into
the urban areas from time to time? (Can you use your existing mobile
phone in many different operating company areas if you drive across
the country? How does billing work in that case?)
Will Martin
PS: Apologies for my poor geography; I forgot Washington National was
in VA, not in DC. A slip of the cerebrum... WM
------------------------------
Date: 20 December 1983 12:07 EST
From: Jeffrey R. Del Papa <DP @ MIT-ML>
Subject: direct digital service
Actualy the quantizing rate is 56kbs. they steal a low order bit
from the 8 bit data, for syncronizatation purposes. It is supposed to
happen to only one line per t1 bank (1.4mhz carries 24 calls), so
there is no gaurantee that you get all 8 bits. In fact to save money
in some of the older local trunk equip., they just sent 7 bits on all
lines.
to add to the screw, many of the digital trunking schemes have a set
of duty cycle requirements. min of ~3% so you cna tell the line is
alive, and syncronize, and a max of ~65% (depending) to keep from
frying your microwave transmitter, or diode laser (I am not sure of
the upper limit, but I know there is one)
Jeff
------------------------------
Date: 20 Dec 1983 11:01-PST
Subject: Wiretap loophole concerns.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow <Geoff @ SRI-CSL>
n089 1907 18 Dec 83 BC-TAP 2takes (EXCLUSIVE: 10 p.m. EST Embargo) A
Loophole Raises Concern About Privacy in Computer Age By DAVID BURNHAM
c.1983 N.Y. Times News Service
WASHINGTON - Telecommunications experts are expressing concern
that the federal wiretap law does not make it a crime for anyone,
whether private citizen, law enforcement officer or foreign spy, to
intercept the millions of messages transmitted around the United
States each day by computer.
The experts, who are in Congress, the American Telephone and
Telegraph Co., and the American Civil Liberties Union, say the
importance of the loophole in the 1968 law has been greatly magnified
in recent years with the increasing use of computers for storing and
transmitting personal, business, and government information.
Three congressional panels are considering whether the law should
be rewritten to reflect the computer age. A major concern, both in
Congress and among the experts, is whether the loophole gives local,
state, and federal law enforcement officers an opportunity to conduct
computerized electronic surveillance without the court approval
required for wiretaps.
There is no evidence of widespread exploitation of the law by
officers. But John Shattock, director of the national office of the
civil liberties union, said: ''The issue here is the privacy of
communications against secret government surveillance. The threat here
truly is Big Brother, not a group of little kids.''
Some fear that any change in the current law, unless it is done
carefully, could inadvertently increase or decrease the power of law
enforcement officers.
The wiretap law forbids the monitoring of conversations except for
law enforcement officers who have obtained a warrant from a judge. In
the age of the computer, however, more and more messages, including
those expressed by the human voice, are broken down into ''digital
bits'' in their transmission.
But because of the way the 1968 law is written, the interception
of these bits is not a crime and the police are free to intercept them
without warrants.
Most electronic surveillance is passive, making it impossible to
measure how much the loophole is being exploited, whether by the
authorities, by industrial spies, by organized crime figures trying to
make a killing in the stock market, by international spies seeking
government data, or by curious individuals with a personal computer.
But in recent months a number of computerized data banks in
government and industry have become the targets of long-distance
telephone attacks by amateur computer experts working from their home
computers. In addition, indictments have charged foreign computer
concerns with attempting to purchase sensitive details about the
products of American companies.
More seriously, perhaps, several years ago the Carter
administration announced that it believed the Soviet Union was using
antennas believed to have been set up on its grounds in Washington,
New York, and San Francisco to intercept digital information being
transmitted in microwaves by businesses and government agencies.
The Carter administration took limited technical steps to prevent
the Russians from obtaining sensitive government data and ordered the
National Security Agency to help private corporations improve their
security. But it never took any formal legal action against the
Russians or formally asked Congress to amend the law.
H.W. William Caming oversees privacy and corporate security
matters at AT&T. ''As we enter the year made famous by George Orwell's
book, 'Nineteen-Eighty-four,' computer crime is on the rise and may
well constitute a major crime threat of the 1980s,'' he said in a
recent interview. ''We therefore are encouraged by and vigorously
support current efforts in Congress and the states to enact suitable
legislation concerning computer crime. We believe that such
legislation should include provisions making it a crime to secretly
intercept non-voice communications.''
AT&T is not the only company concerned about the wiretap law. In
response to an inquiry, Satellite Business Systems, a major new data
communications company jointly owned by International Business
Machines, the Aetna Life and Casualty Co., and Comsat, agreed that
some experts believed there was a ''potential loophole'' in current
law and that, to the extent this was so, ''legislation to make clear
that such unauthorized interception is prohibited would be useful.''
The 1968 wiretap law makes it a federal felony for a third party
to intercept the conversations of others by placing an electronic
listening device, or a ''bug,'' in a telephone or other place such as
an office.
The only exception is that federal, state, and local law
enforcement officers may use wiretaps in the investigation of certain
crimes but only with the approval of the senior prosecutor of a
particular jurisdiction and a special warrant from a judge.
The law does not apply to computer tapping because Congress
defined the word ''intercept'' as the ''aural acquisition'' of
information. In the opinion of a federal appeals court, the General
Accounting Office, and privacy experts such as Alan F. Westin of
Columbia University, this wording means that the wiretap law does not
prohibit the interception of computer transmissions because no sounds
are involved.
''Advancing telecommunications technologies which involve
non-aural interception techniques are being used more and more,'' the
GAO said in a report to the Senate in 1980. ''Therefore, modern
telecommunications are becoming less likely to be protected against
unauthorized interception by current statutory provisions.''
In an age when more than a third of the nation's households are
hooked into cable television systems, when millions of people are
doing their banking by computerized tellers and their mailing
electronically as well, the limitations of the current law have become
increasingly obvious.
David Watters, a telecommunications engineer who has served as a
consultant in both government and private industry, said the changing
technology may mean it is also not a crime to record certain telephone
calls secretly. ''There hasn't been a test case brought to court on
this question yet,'' he said, ''but increasing numbers of telephone
calls are being transmitted from point to point in the digital
language of computers, and the logic of the 1968 law would suggest
that such calls could be intercepted without penalty.''
Two House Judiciary subcommittees, one headed by Rep. Don Edwards,
D-Calif., the other by Rep. Robert W. Kastenmeier, D-Wis., and a
Senate Judiciary Committee headed by Sen. Charles McC. Mathias Jr.,
R-Md., are considering the possibility of rewriting the wiretap law.
Kastenmeier, whose subcommittee on courts, civil liberties, and
the administration of justice is to hold hearings on the question next
month, said such matters as how much statutes should protect against
actions like the unauthorized interception of electronic mail take on
great importance in this modern technological age.
''The implications of the ability of the new technology to go
beyond such definitions in terms of invading personal privacy make
consideration of this important issue by the subcommittee most
urgent,'' he said.
Drafting a new law to close the gap in the old one, however,
presents complex legal and philosophical problems.
In the past, when Congress has sought to limit the access of law
enforcement to banking and medical records, the Justice Department has
fought for the widest possible access.
A congressional change in the law to require a warrant from a
judge for interception of computerized information, would represent a
diminution of officers' independent authority.
In 1979 the Supreme Court ruled that local authorities in Maryland
did not violate the Fourth Amendment rights of Michael Lee Smith, a
Maryland resident, when they did not obtain a search warrant before
placing a device on his telephone to record the numbers he dialed.
A majority of the Supreme Court held that such information could
be collected by the police without a warrant because Smith could not
have a reasonable expectation that the numbers he dialed were private.
But three justices dissented, arguing that the numbers were just as
deserving of legal protection as the substance of what Smith said.
Electronic mail systems offer similar opportunity to gain
information about a person's dealings with others, according to
testimony before a House subcommittee in October by Willis H. Ware, a
member of the Rand Corp. and a leading privacy expert.
As opposed to traditional mail, electronic mail systems, ''in
addition to the message content,'' he said, contain ''information
relating the addressee to the sender.
In principle, such information could be used to establish
relationships among people, such as organized groups or circles of
acquaintance. Obviously, such information could be of high interest to
the law enforcement community, but the legal umbrella of protection
over such information is confused and probably incomplete.''
Experts agree that, depending on how Congress revised the wiretap
law, it could lead to significant broadening in the mandate of federal
law enforcement agencies and possible changes in the expectation of
confidentiality in such broad areas of concern as medical records.
''The privacy questions raised by the new telecommunication age
represent the single most important issue facing Congress today,''
said Shattuck. ''Because computers are now essential to the operations
of hospitals, of law firms, and even of newspapers, a sloppily drafted
law could give the federal government greater search powers that it
ever has had in our history.''
John Keeney, the deputy attorney general in the Justice
Department's Criminal Division, said Justice Department officials
believed changing the wiretap law was not the way to attack computer
crime.
''Our current feeling is that the 1968 wiretap law should not be
changed, that there would be simpler ways to take on computer crime,''
he said. He added that study groups in the Justice Department, the
Commerce Department, and the Department of Health and Human Services
currently were working on drafting a law to control computer crime.
nyt-12-18-83 2245est ***************
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 20 Dec 83 13:26:15 EST
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #121
Sorry Carl, but Washington National Airport is defined to be in
Washington D.C. even though it is on the Virginia side of the Potomac
River. Think of it like West Berlin being in the middle of East
Germany.
-Ron
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
21-Dec-83 20:52:51-PST,5043;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
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Date: 21 Dec 83 1609-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #123
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 22 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 123
Today's Topics:
National Airport
more on Va. pay phones
Location of Wash Natl Airport
Pay phones in the Pentagon, at Dulles, and at BWI
[Today's digest is being distributed using an experimental mailer.]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 20 Dec 1983 2105-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: National Airport
Sorry Ron, but National Airport really is in Virginia. Some time ago
it was defined to be part of the federal establishment so that they
could serve liquor by the drink, but that's no different than Fort
Leavenworth in Kansas.
The other public phones are all in exchanges which have a place name
of Arlington, Virginia, and from which Intrastate rates apply on calls
to points within Virginia.
There's a more interesting concept here, though. An MCI customer who
lives in Arlington and calls an MCI access number inside the District
will be making an interstate call as far as MCI is concerned even if
he calls Richmond. MCI, under the current access arrangement, has no
way of knowing whether the customer is actually in Virginia, Maryland,
or the District when they get the call. The same situation exists if
a customer calls an access number in Memphis, Tennessee from West
Memphis, Arkansas and then calls Little Rock.
With the new access arrangement where MCI gets the number of the phone
making the call, or from these coin phones which certainly identify
themselves, MCI knows exactly what is going on.
This is not the same as the situation with offering calls from Orlando
to Miami and claiming that they are interstate because the call goes
through Atlanta. I don't know how that one finally got resolved.
Someone should simply call the Virginia Corporation Commission and ask
them what the tariff is for intrastate calls provided by MCI.
(By the way, the West Berlin analogy may have implied something which
is not true. West Berlin is not a part of West Germany; it is still
an occupied city, controlled by the U.S., the U.K., and France. This
is bizarre, but then most of the postwar arrangements between Stalin
and the U.S. are. Lufthansa, the German airline, does not fly to
Berlin -- only Pan Am, Air France, British Airways, and Dan-Air
(another British airline) fly there.)
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 21 Dec 83 8:19:06 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: more on Va. pay phones
I did have pay phones in mind when I wrote about National Airport.
I take it I would find Va. phone #'s in use on pay phones in the
Pentagon, where the office phones (prefixes 69x), although located in
Virginia, can only be reached with area code 202.
I have been at Dulles airport and have seen pay phones on the 661
exchange (was or is beyond DC calling area) and on 471 exchange to
provide DC metro service. I believe 471 is a pseudo- foreign exchange
(place name Vienna, actually Herndon at Vienna rates), which I don't
normally expect to find on a pay phone. (E.g. Aberdeen, Md. has
prefixes 301-272, 273, 278 and, for Balt. metro, 575, and it's
272-9xxx you'll find on pay phones there.)
------------------------------
Date: 21 December 1983 09:11 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Location of Wash Natl Airport
Sorry, Ron... I have doublechecked with the Airport Adminstrative
Office and they say the airport is located inside the Virginia border
line. Only Potomac River between Washington DC lines north and south
are under the jurisdication of the DC government. Also, I have
triplechecked by looking on the map and it shows the same answer.
<LJ>
------------------------------
Date: 21 Dec 1983 1532-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Pay phones in the Pentagon, at Dulles, and at BWI
Yes, pay phones in the Pentagon would be in the Arlington exchange.
The Pentagon is part of the Defense Department's phone system, which
was in place long before the Defense Department moved across the
river. The main location is still on the DC side of the river; the
phones in the Pentagon are all stations at an alternate location.
The main number for the Defense Department has been LIberty 5-6700 for
ages -- even before there was any direct inward dialing.
The DC Metro Pay Phones at Dulles are paid for by the airport as a
convenience to the passengers. Likewise the DC Metro phones at BWI.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
22-Dec-83 18:24:14-PST,4693;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 22 Dec 83 18:18:27-PST
Date: 22 Dec 83 1820-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #124
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 22 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 124
Today's Topics:
Expanded local calling area
Portable tone generators vs. "blue boxes"
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Dec 1983 1201-PST
Subject: Expanded local calling area
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
In many small towns relatively close to major metropolitan areas,
telephone customers have the option of paying a higher rate and having
their local calling area expanded to include the metropolitan area, so
they can call there without paying LD charges. I believe that this
can be of two forms -- one-way, where the small-town phone can call
the metropolitan exchanges as if they were local, but a call from that
area TO that phone is still Long Distance, and two-way, where the
small-town phone is treated just like a metropolitan area telephone,
and can call and is callable as if local.
What are the correct terms to describe this situation in telco jargon?
Are either of these configurations the same as a "tie-line" or "FX"
service? (If not, how are those terms defined?)
Can this situation be reversed for a phone in the metropolitan area?
That is, can a link to a specific small town be bought for a surcharge
to the regular local-service billing of a metropolitan-area telephone,
if that small town is within the LATA of the local operating telco?
Or is this sort of thing only obtainable by leasing a private line to
that small town (and therefore be uneconomic for ordinary people using
the phone for non-business purposes)?
I ask this because 90% of my LD billing is calls from my wife to her
relatives in a small town only 60 miles away. Actually it is all to
only one number. I would think that I could either buy some
enhancement to my own phone service to make calls to that exchange or
that number "local" in effect, or give her relative a present of a
service enhancement that I would pay for, which would make that phone
the equivalent of "local" to us. I'd like to have the right
terminology in mind before I start talking to the telco business
office about this, especially now, when everybody there is confused
about what will happen with the divestiture.
Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 22 Dec 1983 1254-PST
Subject: Portable tone generators vs. "blue boxes"
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
Right -- the "blue box" uses different tones than the standard
TouchTone dialpad generates. The point with the Radio Shack (and
other) portable tone generators I was making is that it's now
relatively common and legitimate to be seen using a device to send
tones into the mouthpiece of a payphone. If the "blue-boxer" types
rip a Radio Shack tone generator apart and build in the innards of a
"blue box", there isn't any distinguishing feature to keep the "blue
boxer" from using his device freely.
Of course, as at least one contributor mentioned, the telcos may now
have their systems so set up so as to make "blue box" use by phone
phreaks and students unrewarding, as they get caught right away.
However, I thought that such use was NOT the main problem, nor the
main abuse or theft of service that the telcos were concerned about.
Have not many mobsters, drug traffickers, Mafia types, etc., acquired
"blue boxes" and use them for their calls, which are mostly
payphone-to-payphone? Such calls, if noted after the fact, still
cannot be charged to anyone.
So what I contend is that the common legitimate use of portable tone
generators will mask the continued criminal use of "blue box"
techniques and actually make it easier for the crooks.
What I have read about the way "blue boxes" work is that the user
calls an 800 number, sends a special tone before it answers, and then
can use other tones to make connections and do things to the phone
network. If the system now can detect this call, and record the
calling and called numbers, it still has a payphone on one end and an
800 number on the other. Does the system reord the whole transaction,
and all the stages of tone commands entered, so the actual numbers
reached can be determined?
Will Martin
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
23-Dec-83 22:43:46-PST,16683;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 23 Dec 83 22:27:08-PST
Date: 23 Dec 83 2223-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #125
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 24 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 125
Today's Topics:
Uselessness of Blue-Boxing
Expanded local calling area
Portable tone generators vs. "blue boxes"
Re: Expanded local calling area
Blue Box Called Number Detection
Cheap semi-local service
examples of expanded local area
!! You can't expect 1200-Baud quality in a dial-up line !!
RING Back numbers in NYU Area
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Dec 1983 2141-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Uselessness of Blue-Boxing
The scenario you have just described is not only possible, but it is
also a felony to describe it.
[Please, no more felonies on TELECOM, thanks. --JSol]
But the impact of Blue-boxing on the phone company has not only been
reduced by the enhanced detection schemes, it has also been more
significantly reduced by the drastic reduction in the number of
circuits using in-band signalling.
This has been done in two ways:
1. Many circuits which still use in-band signalling for the address
information no longer use in-band signalling for the supervisory
information, i.e. even though the MF tones are still used on the trunk
to dial the call, there's no tone which will clear down the call.
2. Many circuits a fully CCIS (Common Channel Interoffice Signalling).
In this system, there are data links between what are known as STPs
(Signal Transfer Points?) independent from the Trunks between
Switching Offices. This separate signalling network helps in call
setup, in alternate routing, etc. It is possible for the entire path
and circuit availability to be constructed before the circuits are
even set up.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 83 19:17:54 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Will Martin asks if he can buy an "enhancement to [his] phone service
to make calls to [an] exchange or number 'local' in effect, or give
... a present of a service enhancement that I would pay for, which
would make that phone the equivalent of 'local' to us."
General Telephone and Pacific Telephone provide a service, for
residential customers only, called "Optional Residential Telephone
Service" (ORTS). Until recently, (at least the General Telephone
version) allowed one to, among other things, purchase an "exchange",
within 30 miles, for a price ranging from about $3.75 to about $5.25
per month. This flat rate permitted unlimited toll-free calling to
the chosen exchange. At most 4 exchanges could be so purchased.
There were several other options and limitations. Now, without
changing the name ORTS, they "still" allow one to purchase an
"exchange" but, instead of unlimited toll-free calling, you get a
specified number of minutes to that exchange, and after those minutes
are used, a reduced toll-rate is provided.
You can also purchase a foreign exchange (FX) line. General Telephone
currently charges a mileage charge of $3.50 per quarter mile per month
(measured from the telephone to the boundary of the exchange from
where the service emanates). My FX (so that I can use a modem to call
in to UCLA) costs, all told about $48.00 per month. It also enables
people in the vicinity of UCLA to call me, free, when my modem isn't
tying up the line. General wants to raise the rates by a very large
amount (which is extremely to hard to compute from the information in
their rate filing.
Have you considered renting time from a satellite? Perhaps it would
be cheaper to install your own earth-bound microwave system?
vail
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 1983 00:27 EST
From: DVW.STRAT%MIT-OZ@MIT-MC.ARPA
Subject: Expanded local calling area
Will,
The latest that I've heard about FX service out here in DC,
VA, and MD, is that Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone is discontinuing
it, whether you have it now, or want it in the future.
A friend of mine in Maryland, outside of the DC Metro area is
being severely inconvenienced by this, because the majority of his
calls go to the DC Metro area.
From what I hear, C & P held a meeting for all subscribers to
FX service in his area, and didn't have any suggestions for
alternative service types, nor were they unduly concerned. I guess
they simply weren't deriving enough revenue from these services.
*sigh*
I hope that your search is more fulfilling than my friend's
has been so far.
--Bob--
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 1983 00:54 EST
From: DVW.STRAT%MIT-OZ@MIT-MC.ARPA
Subject: Portable tone generators vs. "blue boxes"
Will,
As regards people like the Mafia, and drug traffickers using blue
boxes, I'd like to quote from an Esquire article "Secrets of the
Little Blue Box", by Ron Rosenbaum.
[He was interviewing the "creator of the blue box"]
"I wish I could show you the prototype we made for our big syndicate
order." He sighs. "We had this order for a thousand beeper boxes from
a syndicate front man in Las Vegas. They use them to place bets coast
to coast, keep lines open for hours, all of which can get expensive if
you have to pay. The deal was a thousand blue boxes for $300 apiece.
Before then we retailed them for $1,500 apiece, but $300,000 in one
lump was hard to turn down. We had a manufacturing deal worked out in
the Philippines. Everything ready to go. Anyway, the model I had ready
for limited mass production was small enough to fit into a flip-top
Marlboro box. It had flush touch panels for a keyboard, rather than
these unsightly buttons sticking out. Looked just like a tiny protable
radio. In fact, I had designed it with a tiny transistor receiver to
get one AM channel, so in case the law became suspicious the owner
could switch on the radio part, start snapping his fingers, and no one
could tell anything illegal was going on. I thought of everything for
this model--I had it lined with a band of thermite which could be
ignited by radio signal from a tiny button transmitter on your belt,
so it could be burned to ashes instantly in case of a bust. It was
beautiful. A beautiful little machine. You should have seen the faces
on these syndicate guys when they came back after trying it out.
They'd hold it in their palm like they never wanted to let it go, and
they'd say 'I can't believe it. I can't believe it.' /You/ probably
won't believe it until you try it."
As you can see, there must have been a great deal of syndicate
blue boxing, (the article was written in 1973, I believe) but I have
no idea as to how much they still do. I'd expect that they'd have to
have some technician who keeps track of which areas have gone CCIS,
and therefore couldn't be reached or called from, as well as those
areas still functional. I'm not sure how cost effective this would be,
but then again, if you could spend $300K on hardware in 1973...
--Bob--
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 83 1:09:57 EST
From: BRINT <abc@brl-bmd>
Subject: Re: Expanded local calling area
I am in what might be called a "Small town" and have full Metropolitan
Baltimore dialing privileges (to and from) by paying a surcharge on my
monthly bill which is based on the mileage to the central office for
my exchange. Here, this is known as "foreign area exchange service" ,
and it is rumored that divestiture will abolish this because it is
considered a "long distance" service rightfully belongin to the long
distnce carriers and not to the local fone company.
By the way, can anyone confirm or deny this rumor?
Brint
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 83 23:13:23 pst
From: The tty of Phil Lapsley <jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley>
Subject: Blue Box Called Number Detection
Again, I can only speak for Pacific Telephone land, but from what I
gather, the equipment drops trouble cards when multifrequency tones
(i.e., blue box tones) are sent at incorrect speeds. When a blue box
is used, it is generally done manually, with the duration of each tone
lasting as long as a given button is held down. However, this is not
the case with Bell's signalling equipment, which sends the tones at
specific digit/interdigital intervals (don't quote me, but I think 120
ms KP and ST, 68 ms digits).
So in any case, the system will flag the blue box calls as an
equipment malfunction. When the "equipment malfunction" is found not
to exist, I would presume the matter would be forwarded to Telco
security. The information they would then have would be the time the
call was placed, the number calling, and the "real" (or blue boxed)
number being called. Of course, they would also know what equipment
it was routed through.
I would not think organized crime would make too heavy use of blue
boxes, since it would tend to automatically flag their calls and draw
attention to them, while I would think they would want to keep a low
profile. Besides, it has been a while since I have seen an organized
crime king using a pay phone at 1 AM on a rainy morning.
Phil
------------------------------
Date: 22 Dec 1983 2020-PST
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO@KESTREL>
Subject: Cheap semi-local service
I remember when I was growing up in NJ, it was common for two parties
who lived near enough to be local but far enough for their phone
service to be toll would have some kind of special line installed
whereby they could call each other cheaply (as if it were local).
There was a one- time charge for this, and for many people who had
situations similar to yours, it paid for itself quickly.
--Lynn
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 83 8:20:55 EST
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: examples of expanded local area
I don't know the technical term, but I'll mention some examples I
know:
one-way--If you are in a Pa. (area 215) exchange immediately adjacent
to Phila. metro, you can obtain Phila. metro service. Dial 1+ for
numbers not already in your local area; calls from such numbers to
your phone are still long-distance. E.g. if you have such service
from Mendenhall (215-388), you dial 1+local number to reach Phila.,
and Phila. to 215-388 remains long-distance.
two-way--Available around the fringes of Baltimore & Washington areas.
E.g. the Aberdeen exchanges 301-272,273,278 are beyond Baltimore
calling area, but 575 has local service to & from Baltimore metro, not
just Balt. city. Note, however, that changing to 575 from the other
Aberdeen exchanges takes away local service to areas along the
Susquehanna (i.e. the direction opposite to Baltimore). 575 is also
available in Havre de Grace (301-939) but does not have local service
to 301-939.
------------------------------
Date: Fri 23 Dec 83 15:34:18-CST
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: !! You can't expect 1200-Baud quality in a dial-up line !!
Below follows an article which appeared on a
USENET-news-group. I think this might be of interest to this
group. I removed the author, not out of disrespect, but out
of respect for his possible dislike to publicity. It
addressess a topic I have recently addressed here, mainly:
"What level of quality of transmission service is the phone
company committed and obligated to provide".
Given that I'd like to build a black-box wich allows
communications over a regular dial-up line at higher than 1200
Baud, I started wondering, if something as what is described
below, is possible and if I have a right to demand from the
phone-company that they fix whatever may be causing it. My
concern was based in the sudden realization, that I am
"contracting" with the phone company for service, without ever
having gotten a contract for what I have a right to getting,
contrary to my usual habits when contracting for service.
Unfortunately, there was only one response I remember having
seen, which makes me wonder if this group is not getting
forwarded to USENET, where all the BELL-computers are
listening in ....
------------------------------- ( start of forwarded
msg )
Newsgroups: net.flame Subject: Telecommunications and the Phone
Company Lines: 50
I recently installed a computer system in the little town of
Sugar Grove, IL. The phone company in this area is Illinois Bell
Telephone (name is good until Jan 1, anyway). To allow outside access
to this system, I also installed a UDS212A/D modem. The phone company
was notified of the installation and given the FCC registration number
and ringer equivalency number. Fine. I tried dialing into this system
from my home in Aurora, IL, about 15 mi. distant. Lo, and behold I get
garbage characters every 30-45 seconds at 1200bps!! I know the problem
isn't in the modems because they work fine between two Aurora
exchanges.
As a next step, I called 611 (repair service) and explained
the problem to them. Their answer was that they weren't obligated to
provide data quality service on a voice line. I explained that these
modems were designed to work on voice grade lines and they are used
all over the country to transmit and receive data on unconditioned
lines. Illinois Bell insisted that it's not their problem unless I
wanted to rent a conditioned line for data transmission.
After my anger had cooled down somewhat, I started thinking
about the implications of this sort of attitude on the part of
telephone companies. There are businesses which are getting into the
teletext and videotex markets and incorporate 212 type modems into
their products. Can you imagine some consumer buying one of these
products, finding out it won't work, and then being informed they
would have to rent a special conditioned line in order to use it?!!
This problem also extends into the home terminal market as well. The
phone company won't have to charge you for use of the modem, because
they can soak you for a special line!!!
Actually the problem to which I'm referring can't be too wide-
spread, or there wouldn't be any market for 212 type modems. The
problem is in a digital trunk between the Sugar Grove central office
and the Aurora office. The synchronizing clocks drift out of phase and
every so often re-synchronize themselves. It is at this point that
garbage shows up in the data. By 'digital trunk', I mean that the main
line between the two offices carries a digitally multiplexed signal of
voice traffic and is demultiplexed at both ends.
During regular voice communication and low-speed (<= 300bps)
data communication, the problem isn't noticeable. But due to the way
1200 bps data transmission is accomplished, the re-synchronizing
clocks mess up the data.
The result of all this is that I will have to work at 300bps
or pay for a conditioned line to work at 1200bps. THAT MAKES ME
ANGRY!!!!
[A suggestion: Try making a voice call to the line you are trying to
communicate via data with. If the connection is lousy THEN complain,
else you might try twiddling the intensity of the tones of the modems
(have an authorized person do this). You could just be getting a line
which isn't amplified properly. The Phone company is right, they don't
have to provide data communications, but it is possible to complain
about voice grade quality if it indeed is a problem. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 23 Dec 83 17:45 EST
From: Stephen Tihor <TIHOR@NYU-CMCL1.ARPA>
Subject: RING Back numbers in NYU Area
Does anyone know the current ringback number in the NYC area, esp.
Manhatten?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
24-Dec-83 14:21:21-PST,12532;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 24 Dec 83 14:09:54-PST
Date: 24 Dec 83 1404-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #126
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 25 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 126
Today's Topics:
local service options
GTE & FX's
THE LAW
Kiss your FX lines goodbye...
[Merry Christmas!!!]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 23 Dec 1983 2223-PST
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: local service options
There are several options available, depending on where you live.
Here's an example of the places I've ever lived in, and what options
are available (I tend to check these things out):
Connecticut (statewide - Southern New England Telephone): This company
has been independent for some time. Its local calling areas are pretty
good when you are living in a suburb of a city. Generally you can
call most of the communities around the city unless you live way out
on the fringes.
You can get foreign exchange service (a different phone number from a
different city), but the only exchanges you can get the service from
are the toll centers. I.e. if you live in a suburb of Hartford
(Newington (203-666, 667), you can get a downtown Hartford (203-522,
524) line, but you can't get a Newington line brought into Hartford.
If an exchange boundry just happens to be your street, or you live
some certain distance from the border (small, like 1 mile), you can
choose to have either exchange brought into your home BUT NOT BOTH. A
friend of mine lives in Bethany (203-393 - which is New Haven city
exchange), and his neighbor has an exchange from Shelton (203-888).
These exchanges are NOT local to each other, and they strung an
intercom wire between their houses so they could talk without paying
the toll charge (They strung the wire across their properties, so I
don't think it's illegal).
Connecticut also used to have optional toll calling services, which
would basically reduce a daytime call by 35% and a evening call to
60%, but instead they just do it for contiguous nonlocal exchanges
automatically (i.e. Bethany<->Shelton).
New Jersey (NJB): Foreign exchange service is offered, but is
expensive. Optional extended local calling by exchange is offered for
exchanges up to 16 miles away (the first toll rate step), and
discounted toll calling is offered to exchanges up to 22 miles away
(the second toll rate step). I think FIGMO was referring to this
service option. This is not offered in the Hoboken/Jersey-City/Newark
area since they have message unit tiers instead of rate steps.
California (Pacific and General Telephone only, I don't know anything
about Continental (does anyone?) -- Their tarriffs usually say "See
Pacific Telephone").
Pacific and General Telephone have been offering about the same
service (although General Telephone tends to be slower about
implementing changes). I was there from Jan 1982 to Feb 1983, and
during that year, Pacific telephone had: 1) disallowed unmeasured
foreign exchange service for new customers. Existing customers remain
as their service is, EXCEPT if you move, you lose your unlimited
priviledges. Both companies maintain foreign exchange dedicated
prefixes in certain areas (Pasadena has LA city numbers, West LA has
Beverly Hills numbers, Beverly Hills has LA city numbers, etc. etc.)
and new orders to these exchanges were drastically reduced by this
order (I wonder why...) 2) disallowed unmeasured ORTS for all
customers. Replaced it with measured ORTS (ORTS - optional residence
telephone service - add an exchange to your local calling area).
General Telephone followed through shortly thereafter, but there was a
change in the way FEX lines were billed/authorized for lines across
the phone company boundary. EG: If you were a GTE customer and wanted
a PACTEL line, you paid PACTEL rates (which at the time were measured,
and GTE lines were flat rate.). All of this has probably changed
again. FEX rates have tripled or so I think since I was last there.
Massachusetts (New England Telephone):
This company tends to be rather conservative in its approach to
service. Local calling areas statewide are typically REALLY BAD,
except in this one large metropolitan area near Boston. NET had
offered a phone service called Bay State service, which allowed
discounted (really, like 5 cents/min + 2 hours free) long distance
calling to: "Exchanges in Mass. Served by NET". They have recently
changed that to only allow long distance calls within the LATA (Mass
has two, corresponding to the area codes), but that's still good
(unless you live on the border between the LATAs and want to call
across). NET also offers "Expanded community calling" - 2 hours free
plus 0.039/min thereafter, exchanges bordering your local calling
area; "Measured Circle Calling service" - again 2 hours free plus
$0.049/min to exchanges within a 20 mile radius of your exchange.
Unmeasured circle calling, (think of it, a 20 mile radius local
calling area!).
Within the Boston Metropolitan area there is Metropolitan service,
Suburban service (all exchanges in the metro area EXCEPT the Boston
Central exchange (sigh - I live in the Boston Central Exchange!),
which replace the circle calling options. Calls to nonlocal exchanges
within the metropolitan area are changed at message unit rates. An
interesting point is certain exchanges outside of the Boston Metro
area have Metropolitan service additions as well, but only one way
(they can call us, we can't call them).
Anyway, the whole gist of this, Will, is that it varies from company
to company. Pacific Tel is phasing out FEX service wherever possible,
NET has priced it out of range as well, but offers reasonable
alternatives. Of course, if your FEX line happens to cross a LATA
boundary, you will probably find your line being phased out. If there
is sufficient demand, however, a common carrier (MCI, ATT, etc) may
sell you a line. Some cooperation could be reached if there was a
public outcry.
Cheers,
--Jon
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 24 Dec 1983 03:20 EST
From: "Eliot R. Moore" <Elmo%MIT-OZ@MIT-MC.ARPA>
Subject: GTE & FX's
Reply-to: Elmo%Mit-Oz@Mit-ML
I'm not certain Mr. Vail is aware, but he is rather fortunate to still
have his flat-rate FX service for $48.00 per month.
Both Pacific Telephone (Bell) and General Telephone, through various
tactics have frozen flat-rate foreign exchange service to existing
service. New service (except in strange places where tariffs never
existed [Lauren-this is a neat one]) is available measured (timed) on
a "non-optional" basis.
Pacific has yet to increase their basic mileage rate of $6.40, but I'm
certain its been in their rate applications for some time.
Installation charges for FX lines have increased significantly,
unfortunately they applied the same rules to FX's and psuedo-FX's.
Pacific has now proposed to eliminate residential FX service entirely
(except for existing service) as it has incurred 'lessening demand'
for the service. Yes, it would appear they are trying to price the
service out of the market.
Rightfully so, I suppose; we FX users are depriving them of a good
deal of cross-town toll revenues. Can't wait for my "service area"
rate increases.
Regards, Elmo
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 24 Dec 83 01:44:49 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: THE LAW
A telecom contributor states, in reference to blue boxes, "The
scenario you have just described is not only possible, but it is also
a felony to describe it."
Other contributors have referred to violations of telephone tariffs as
"illegal".
Perhaps these readers should send their contributions to the info-law
mailing lists.
For the United States Constitution (The First Amendment in the "Bill
of Rights") states:
Congress shall make no law ... abridging the freedom
of speech or of the press, ...
The Unites States Supreme Court has extended this rule to the various
States and most States have a similar statement in their Constitution.
Of course, "Telecom" is an interstate "publication" and the Federal
Law applies.
There are certain exceptions to this rule in the Law, but they are
based upon other Constitutional guarantees. These include laws
concerning libel (mostly a civil matter carrying no criminal penalty)
and laws restricting "classified information", specifically the
"Espionage Act". The Government has found it extremely difficult to
prevent the dissemination of classified information and, in many cases
when such information has been published in the "open literature" has
simply "overlooked" the matter. In other cases it has plain lost.
Simply publishing the "blue-box" frequencies can't possibly be a
crime; indeed our noble benefactor AT&T published them in the Bell
System Technical Journal many years ago, and they appear in various
international standards books published under the auspices of the
International Telecommunications Union available from the UN, as well
as in published standards of the various Operating Companies here in
the USA. Descriptions of multi-frequency oscillator circuits have
appeared for over 50 years in numerous technical and scientific
publications, Suggestions on how to commit perfect crimes using
various scientific methods have appeared in numerous "detective
novels" and Agatha Christie isn't in jail.
Due to the influence of the Telephone Company lobbies, there are
various State Laws purporting to make some of these acts felonies;
they are about as likely to stand up in Court as laws setting pi equal
to 3.
I don't think Jonathon Sol needs to worry about going to jail just
yet.
Similar comments apply to violating the Telephone Tariffs -- such
violations are no more "illegal" than failing to pay rent -- failing
to fulfill a contract (such as installing a telephone) on a promised
date, etc.
vail
[I'm sorry to disagree with you, but toll fraud is indeed a federal
crime, like failing to pay taxes. --JSol]
------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Friday, 23-Dec-83 22:18:28-PST
Subject: Kiss your FX lines goodbye...
The various telcos are pretty uniformly attempting (quite
successfully) to make Foreign Exchange services MUCH more expensive,
and to eliminate residential FX completely.
Here in California, both PacTel (oops, excuse me, as of Jan. 1 it's
PACIFIC*BELL) and GenTel have filed very similar FX tariffs. The
PacTel tariff, for example, would approximately quadruple the basic
rate for FX, and change the method of calculating the additional
mileage charges from the use of rate boundaries to the use of rate
centers. While Pacific apparently plans to charge a smaller per mile
rate under the new scheme, the difference will not be enough to avoid
larger total charges than would typically have occurred under the
older charging method. The tariffs would also abolish all new
residential FX service (both flat-rate and measured) though in-place
service could continue for now. One particularly "amusing" aspect to
the FX tariff was that existing residential FX service (once again,
both flat-rate and measured) would end up costing MORE than the
proposed rates for business FX (measured only). I had considerable
difficulty getting anyone at Pacific or the PUC to explain the
rationale for charging more for residential measured service than for
business measured.
I was fully expecting the rate changes for Pacific to take place on
Jan. 1, but it appears that there will be a delay of several months
while the PUC continues to work out the final charges. For now, a
fairly small surcharge on basic service has been put in place -- it
will vanish when the REAL charges show up fairly early in '84. I'm
not looking forward to that.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
26-Dec-83 15:47:38-PST,12021;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 26 Dec 83 15:33:52-PST
Date: 26 Dec 83 1529-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #127
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 27 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 127
Today's Topics:
Describing how to commit toll-fraud
the law
UC long-distance network
Pseudo foreign exchange service in the Balto-Wash area
reply to you can't expect 1200 baud service
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 24 Dec 1983 1833-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Describing how to commit toll-fraud
Whether it's constitutional or not, there are laws on the books which
make it a felony to possess or disseminate plans or schemes to commit
interstate toll fraud.
Two examples come to mind: A Ham magazine (I've forgotten the name,
having been too lazy to learn the code, I never became a ham, but I
think it was QSL or 73) published schematics of a blue box many years
ago. They agreed to remove all copies of that issue from the
newstands and the charges were dropped.
Some of you may remember 8BBS. A few years ago this system was shut
down by the FBI, who seized the disks as evidence. Whether the SYSOP
was ever charged with a crime or whether the disks were just used as
evidence in the cases involving the users of the system I don't know,
but the SYSOP did lose his job.
You're right that simply violating the telephone company's tarrifs is
not a crime, it's only a breach of contract. But any device or scheme
for obtaining telephone service which deprives the telephone company
of their lawful charges is not just a violation of the tarrifs; it is
fraud and is illegal.
I know of one particularly disgusting case of someone who was using
someone elses INWATS and OUTWATS lines. The telephone company was
getting its money for the use of the lines, and the company wasn't
overly concerned about the situation, but the telephone company
pursuaded the U.S. District attorney to bring charges against the
person on five counts of interstate toll fraud, because the telephone
company had not gotten the lawful charge, the price of an regular toll
call from the point or origin to the destination.
The person was convicted and given a suspended sentence, but he lost
his job.
(I personally think he had a lousy lawyer.)
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 24 Dec 83 20:30:37 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: the law
Some comments on the comments on my last communication:
-------
I'm not certain Mr. Vail is aware, but he is rather
fortunate to still have his flat-rate FX service for
$48.00 per month.
------- I was neither complaining nor boasting, just stating what the
current costs are in a specific case, well known to me. As I noted,
if General and Pacific have their way, the rates will skyrocket.
There are some interesting schemes involving call-forwarding, etc.
which may limit the excessive costs, at least to modem users who only
call a few different numbers.
-------
[I'm sorry to disagree with you, but toll fraud is
indeed a federal crime, like failing to pay taxes.
--JSol]
------- We don't disagree. Fraud is a crime. I was referring to
publishing specs on blue boxes, methods of disguising them, etc., as
well as to what are often called "illegal extensions", etc.
ted vail
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 25 Dec 83 23:45:00 PST
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: UC long-distance network
The UC system is planning to purchase it's own long-distance network.
It has prepared a 185 page RFP (request for proposal) for the system.
It was issued in October, 1983 and vendor responses, necessarily quite
lengthy, are due in March, 1984. As it is probably a typical example
of long-distance networks being prepared by large organizations, I'm
enclosing a few excerpts, mostly from the "Executive Summary".
"The University of California which is comprised of nine campuses
(Berkeley, Davids, Irvine, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Diego, San
Francisco, Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz) and three physically separate
medical centers (Sacramento, Irvine and San Diego) plans to implement
an intercampus telecommunications network which will accommodate
voice, data and video traffic.
"This network will utilize digital microwave, satellite technology,
and/or other broad band technologies as well as a digital tandem
switch function for purposes of voice and low speed data network
management and control. No specific technology is presumed or
preferred, but for purposes of describing the University's
specifications a terrestrial microwave system is assumed to link the
Northern campuses and the Southern campuses. A satellite backbone is
assumed to connect the two regional systems. Tandem switches in this
model provide the voice and low speed data switching functions. The
network will also be capable of supporting digitized video
transmission. Campuses will be connected to the intercampus network
either by utilization of campus owned switching facilities or by the
Telco central office or centrex currently serving that campus..."
There are two lengthy sections covering Performance Specifications.
As might be expected, the trivia is emphasized, while important data
specifications are barely mentioned and rather naively. For example,
the description of the printer connection for obtaining accounting
reports uses a lengthy paragraph to require both an RS 232C port,
stating all the standard date rates from 1200 baud up, and a magnetic
tape system which shall run at a "minimum of 125 inches per second at
6250 bits per inch". It doesn't, however state what actual
information shall be transmitted at that rate, nor does it restrict
nulls on the RS 232 connections, or limit inter-record gaps on the
tape. The only statement concerning error rates is for the required
56 kbps digital circuits which shall "perform at an error rate no
greater than a single bit, undetected error, among 10 to the 10th
power bits transmitted". There don't appear to be any limits to
detected errors, nor are methods of measuring the undetected error
given. I am reminded of a sign posted by the system programmer in a
computing lab I once used, which stated in large letters: "We have
never recorded an undetected error".
Of course the real protection is given by the fact that when all
specifications are considered, there are perhaps only half a dozen
companies in the world which can come close to meeting them, and their
equipment is well known. Bids are expected from NTI (Northern
Telecom), which has the inside track because of its large UCLA
installation, AT&T, Pacific Telesys, and possibly General Telephone
and NEC. There are potential dark horses, e.g. Rolm, as well as
various European Companies.
Proposals are due in March, 1984 and the vendor is expected to be
chosen by May, 1984. I'm betting on NTI.
I do have the complete RFP and will attempt to answer Telecom Reader's
questions (within reason) about it, if any.
ted vail
------------------------------
Date: 26 Dec 1983 1351-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Pseudo foreign exchange service in the Balto-Wash area
Don't be so quick to say good-bye to current services in the Baltimore
- Washington area. As soon as C&P announced that the current
"foreign-exchange" service would be terminated, it was taken to court.
It is being argued that "nothing has changed" so why should the rates
change?
The Balto-Wash area is full of exceptions and special cases. The
primary method of providing "FX" service in the Balto-Wash area is by
having an additional NXX in the local switching machine which is
defined in the tariffs as having the same rate center as NXXs in the
community which has the preferred calling area.
Thus, for a customer living in Columbia, Maryland, four service
offerings exist: Columbia Service, which includes the local area and
some of the DC suburbs, some of the Baltimore Suburbs, and downtown
Baltimore, Ellicott city service, which drops the DC suburbs, picks up
more Baltimore suburbs and more points east of Baltimore, Laurel
Service, which drops some of the Baltimore Suburbs but picks up
Washington, and Bowie-Glendale service, which drops all of the
Baltimore suburbs, is not even local to Columbia, and picks up the
entire Washington Metro area.
Subscribers to these services pay a flat "mileage" charge (even though
no real mileage is involved) which is extremely low and then pay the
local service charge as though they were really in the town their
logical FX is in (which is based on the number of telephones which can
be reached as a local call).
All of these services are provided out of the two central offices
located in the same building in Columbia! All of these services are
provided with specific NXXs which make the service two-way. And the
fact that two customers who happen to live next door to each other in
the center of Columbia can choose to be long distance to each other is
quite bizarre.
Customers served by the same C&P machine in Columbia are actually in
two different LATAs! Currently, when they dial a long distance call
the call does not even leave the machine. But since they are in
different LATAs, the service cannot be provided by C&P!
This is certainly a situation to watch! I doubt that the Maryland PUC
(or the legislature, which has gotten involved in telecommunications
in Maryland before, as well -- passing a law making directory
assistance charges illegal) will let people in Columbia lose their DC
service.
Columbia is sort of a "special" town, one of those model communities
built during the early sixties, and the choice of Baltimore and
Washington phone service was one of the issues involved in building
the town.
Another, unrelated, case of bizarreness in the DC area no longer
exists, but is interesting to recall. About seven years ago, a friend
served by the downtown Alexandria machine, which was, at the time, No.
1 XBar, became envious of his many friends with Custom Calling Service
in ESS exchanges. He started to investigate the cost of having FX
service brought into his home.
The startling result was that due to two flukes, he was able to get
service from downtown DC at a slightly lower price than local
Alexandria service. This was caused by (1) the presence of an
especially low FX rate for points in Alexandria which had been put in
primarily to serve government agencies at National Airport and (2) the
existence of a 25% local Alexandria tax on local service which did not
apply once he had the Washington service installed. After he had the
service for a few years, the preferential FX rate disappeared, and the
service was no longer economical.
------------------------------
Date: Saturday, 24 December 1983 16:14 est
From: Kovalcik@MIT-MULTICS.ARPA
Subject: reply to you can't expect 1200 baud service
I have this feeling that part of your problem may be the UDS modems. A
group at MIT bought several of them and has had lots of problems with
noise and lines that they just didn't work on at all. We replaced one
that didn't work at all with a Vadic 3400 series modem and it works
just fine. You get what you pay for. We have been trying to sell
them off and have had few interested parties and fewer takers.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
27-Dec-83 18:43:05-PST,5340;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 27 Dec 83 18:34:58-PST
Date: 27 Dec 83 1831-PST
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #128
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 28 Dec 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 128
Today's Topics:
PTC'84 preview.
More on the Balto-Wash area
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #122
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 26 Dec 83 16:41:53 pst
From: cunningh%CCVAX@Nosc
Subject: PTC'84 preview.
PTC'84, the 6th annual conference of the Pacific Telecommunications
Council meets January 8-11, 1984, at the Shearaton-Waikiki Hotel in
Honolulu. This year's theme is "Telecommunications for Pacific
development".
The Pacific Telecommunications Council (PTC), is a non-profit
organization dedicated to promoting the development of
telecommunications in the Pacific hemisphere. Members are primarily
telecommunications multi-national carrier corporations, governmental
PTT's, plus representatives from various and sundry insititutes (e.g.
MITI). The main thing the PTC does is to hold these annual
conferences, and publish the proceedings.
As usual, the upcoming conference will feature extensive discussions
of policy issues, with only a limited number of technical sessions.
Featured speakers are: Tetsuro Tomita, deputy director-general MPT
Japan; Basil Beneteau, vice chairman Northern Telecom; Olof Lundberg,
director-general, INMARSAT; Colin Franklin, director-general, space
programs and industry development, department of communications,
Candada; Julio Polloni, subsecretaria de telecommunicaciones, Chile;
and Saburo Okita, former foreign minister of Japan. Comsat, Intelsat
and the CCIT will be represented, as usual; unlike last year, none of
their directors will be featured speakers.
Space in the exhibition hall is sold out. American Bell, AT&T, GTE,
Hughes, IBM, NEC, Northern Telecom, Pacific Telephon, RCA, Rotelcom,
and Western Union -- among others -- are represented.
I'll be attending part of PTC'84, as a recorder for the Pacific
Science Association Communications and Education Committee
sub-sessions. I'll post any interesting developments here to the
TELECOM Digest.
If anyone out there is interested in attending, the conference fee is
$375 in advance (payable to the PTC), or $400 at the door.
Bob Cunningham, University of Hawaii
------------------------------
Date: 27 Dec 1983 1120-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: More on the Balto-Wash area
I just called the "Let's talk-we can help" number in Washington (in
case you're not familiar with this - 800 555-5000 gets you the "Let's
talk" number for your local operating area).
It seems that Judge Green decided on 7 December that those people in
the Baltimore-Washington corridor (e.g. Columbia) would be allowed to
continue to have new or existing FX service.
Places to the northwest and south are not included, but C&P claims
that they are looking for a vendor to provide the service so that the
customers will not have their service interrupted.
This seems easy for customers with true physical FX service. I still
wonder how they plan to serve the customers with "split-office"
service. Theoretically C&P could assign a trunk group in the split
office to either another carrier or a consortium of carriers. These
carriers would provide trunks into a tandem inside the metro area.
They would have to provide the same grade of service as C&P provides
now.
It's interesting that this problem will not exist in the New York
Metro Area. The New York LATA extends all the way to the tip of Long
Island in the East and beyond West Point in the North. This is
roughly the same distance as from Washington to Philadelphia.
In addition, local service provided across state boundaries which
cross a LATA boundary (such as Tyngsboro, Mass to Nashua, New
Hampshire) are permitted to remain in service.
------------------------------
From: tektronix!tekig1!dont%decvax@BRL-BMD.ARPA
From: decvax!tekig1!dont@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: Monday, 26 Dec 83 14:04:30 PST
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #122
I am not sure that this deserves to be included in the next digest,
but you might ask around for some substantiation. I recall reading
that the "blue box" problem was realized when the original concept of
the switching system was on the drawing boards. The guy who designed
most? of the system is suppossed to be on record somewhere, (inside
bell?), saying that control tones dumped down the line would have the
possibility of siezing control of the system. This all came to an end
with the ESS. The system is now capable of detecting this immediately
and logging the information.
<<< I dont remember where I read this, but I seem to remember that
this was written by the designer of the system, after the ESS
installations were well under way. >>>
Don Taylor tektronix!tekig!tekig1!dont
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************