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1-Jan-83 23:18:53-PST,8663;000000000001
Return-path: JSOL@USC-ECLB
Mail-From: JSOL created at 1-Jan-83 21:01:26
Date: 1 Jan 1983 2101-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #1
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 2 December 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 1
Today's Topics:
Administrivia - New Year - New Volume - TCP/IP Cutover
Life Line Service And Unmeasured Service
Interstate Vs Intrastate Long Distance
ANI Failures Common In Some Areas
Holiday Dialing Trivia
Mixed Flat- And Timed/Measured- Service In Providence, RI
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 1 January 1983 2045-PST
From: The Moderator <JSol at USC-ECLC>
Subject: Administrivia
First of all, I wish to extend best wishes to all of TELECOM's readers
on this new year. This year marks the beginning of the deregulation of
Telephone companies across the country. I would like to encourage
discussion of what the telephone companies seem to be doing now that
they are in a more relaxed regulatory market. I heard a rumor that at
1201 AM on Jan 1st, AT&T opened a computer company, anyone have news
about that?
Also, there are some articles on measured service, and while I realize
that this is a hot issue right now, I would like to remind everybody
that TELECOM (and the ARPANET for that matter) cannot be used to rally
support for any particular viewpoint because the DCA consideres that
abuse of the network resources. TELECOM is forced to comply with this.
Please, no political messages, thanks.
We are now in Volume 3. Volume 2 has 141 issues in it, the last issue
of Volume 2 (#141) was delivered on December 28th. If you did not
receive it, please let me know.
Also, the ARPANET is now running TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol)/IP (Internet Protocol) instead of NCP (Network Control
Protocol). Basically this transmission protocol was developed to
facilitate the growing number of networks and media to connect them
with. This protocol is expected to bring a great improvement in
functionality over the next coming months, but during the initial
phases of installation, stability on the ARPANET is expected to be
marginal (if at all). If you receive garbled digests, or repeated
copies, it is most likely due to this conversion.
Finally, I wish to publicly apologize to Alyson Abramowitz, who sent
the note about the DEC ENet addressing bug. She apparently did not
wish me to broadcast her note on the digest (she sent it to
TELECOM-REQUEST, and I felt it was appropriate to distribute as useful
information, but I neglected to ask her permission).
Once again, I wish everyone an excellent year in 1983!
[--JSol--]
------------------------------
Date: Monday, 27 December 1982 22:09-EST
From: Chuck Weinstock <Weinstock at CMU-CS-C>
Subject: Life-Line Service [TELECOM Digest V2 #141]
When I lived in Menlo Park, I had two phones in my apartment, one
lifeline, and one unlimited. How did I get away with this? The
second phone was billed directly to my employer. I understand the
rule is actually that you can only have lifeline if it is the only
phone billed at the installed address. (Or some such.)
Chuck
------------------------------
Date: 28 Dec 82 2:38:12-EDT (Tue)
From: Randall Gellens <randall.CC@UDel-Relay>
Subject: interstate vs intrastate calling -- re: V2 #140
I was thinking about this intra-state vs inter-state calling on
alternate carriers, and it occurs to me that (a) the legal loophole is
rather vague -- who can say how a call is physically switched? Is
someone going to die the electrons? (b) since the FCC only deals in
interstate matters, they probably aren't terribly concerned. (c)
since intrastate calls are regulated by the various state PUC's and
such, they are the ones that would (if anyone) care about this. (d)
if some state were to realize the above points, and also that they
might get away with defining an intrastate call as one in which both
phones are physically located within the same state, then they would
have legal authority over such calls placed by the various carriers.
They could then enact some liscensing provision, and collect annual
fees. They probably could even slap some past charges on. If a
carrier wanted to fight, there is a good chance a court will agree
with the state -- after all, what more reasonable criterea for
interstate vs intrastate than effect?
------------------------------
Date: 28 Dec 82 2:48:02-EDT (Tue)
From: Randall Gellens <randall.CC@UDel-Relay>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V2 #141
I think our ANI billing stuff gets sick now and then, because
sometimes almost every LD call gets intercepted by an operator who
asks for my number, and then the call completes. (Once I traced it to
one specific line of a key-set, where the other lines seemed to work
fine.)
------------------------------
Date: 29 Dec 82 10:25:20-EST (Wed)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@BRL>
cc: cmoore at BRL
Subject: dialing miscellanea
Sample incident where people forget to dial area code: N.J. set up a
drunk-driver reporting line at 800-SOBER83. Some people in 201 area
forgot to dial 800, and about 50 calls went to a Millburn residence
(because most N.J. points do NOT have 1+, I guess these misdirected
calls could have come from anywhere in 201 area). I haven't checked
for 609-762 yet, but I half suspect it doesn't exist. (This item was
in newspaper recently.) I also guess that, on average, people in 609
aren't smarter than those in 201. How would things have happened
differently if 1+ was required?
I have just heard that calls within Port Deposit exchange (301-378)
can be made by dialing 3 + last 4 digits. This would reduce the
available phone numbers within 301-378, because it's my understanding
that local calls are made by dialing 7 digits, and 301-378's local
area includes 378, 392, and 398.
------------------------------
Date: 31 Dec 1982 0205-PST
From: GRANGER.RS%UCI@USC-ECL
Subject: Mixed Flat- and Timed/Measured- Service in Providence, RI
I had a knock-down, drag-out battle with N.E. Tel in Providence this
summer over this PRECISE issue. I was at Brown for just the summer,
shared an apartment with three other folks (with whom I had had no
previous acquaintance), and needed my own line for my terminal.
I requested unmeasured, untimed service for obvious reasons. The
company REFUSED service on the grounds that the line that was already
in the apartment -- not in my name, mind you, but in the name of one
of the other' people who already lived there -- was a timed measured
line! They cited, in support of their refusal, a tariff which read,
"Measured service may be installed where a customer does not already
have flat-rate ."
I pointed out to them that the tariff they cited had nothing whatever
to do with my order: that I was asking for flat-rate, not measured,
service. They still refused. I pointed out to them that, in any case,
I had no service whatsoever, and there was no reason to refuse me
service on the grounds that I had some other kind of service, when
their own records would show that I didn't! Their response: the
service existed on the premises, and so they were considering it "my"
service. My counter- response: show me a tariff that states that the
two services cannot coexist on the same premises. Their response: no
such tariff exists, but we're still right, and you're still wrong, so
we're not putting your service in. You don't like it, take it to the
P.U.C.
I did just that, and made both my arguments in both "informal" and
formal hearings. Of course this took most of the summer. And of course
I lost -- but the ruling is incredibly 1984ish. Aside from the fact
that it is written in some incoherent language only vaguely resem-
bling English, it failed to address even in a perfunctory way my
simple and direct argument. Moral: in dealings with Telco, the
Customer is Always Wrong, at least in the sovereign state of Rhode
Island.
I would have liked to have taken the case on appeal to some court,
but, unfortunately, the summer ended. Needless to say, I didn't get
much telecomputing done this summer. I may yet still do something like
suing N.E.T. for damages, but I don't want to be Quixotic about it.
Any comments?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
5-Jan-83 18:37:41-PST,4931;000000000000
Return-path: JSOL@USC-ECLB
Mail-From: JSOL created at 5-Jan-83 18:37:18
Date: 5 Jan 1983 1837-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #2
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 6 December 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 2
Today's Topics: Self-Installation Of Second Line
Flat Rate, Measured (limited), N.E.T. & New Hampshire
Massachusets N.E.T. vs New Hampshire N.E.T.
Actual Costs For Service
Intrastate Vs. Interstate Interconnects
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 2 Jan 1983 1705-MST
From: Walt <Haas at UTAH-20>
Subject: Fishing Expedition
Speaking of having two phone lines in your home, I'd like to prepare
to do that. The easiest way to implement that at my house would be to
fish the two wires in the walls and install wall outlets for modular
jacks at convenient locations. I've seen wall plates with a single
modular socket for sale at various stores, but I've never seen a
duplex modular outlet (ie. two modular sockets in one wall plate, like
an AC power outlet). If I could find such a wall plate it would be a
big convenience. Does anybody know where I can buy such a device?
Also, where would I buy a fourteen foot phone-to-wall cord to replace
the one on my current (rented) phone when I buy my CPE?
Thanks in advance -- Walt
------------------------------
Date: 4 January 1983 04:10 est
From: Frankston.SoftArts at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: Re: N. E. Tel in New Hampshire won't allow mixed
flat/message service
Reply-To: Frankston at MIT-MULTICS (Bob Frankston)
One thing I've noticed is that no one at a Telco knows the rules.
I've been told I can't get mixed flat/message, I've also been told I
can.
I've been told I couldn't get residential hunt, then I got it, and
then they called me to tell me that they were wrong about the rate
they quoted. In fact, there is no charge for the service.
It seems more a matter of luck and tariff as to what services you can
get.
------------------------------
Date: 4 January 1983 13:04-EST
From: Jeffrey R. Del Papa <DP at MIT-ML>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #1
Gee, in mass I had two phones both billed to me, one measured, and one
"20 mile circle". when I moved, I even got them to install hunting
between them. I am told this is illegal in mass, but the order takers
don't seem to know this...
Jeff
------------------------------
Date: 4 Jan 1983 0931-PST
From: Richard M. King <KING at KESTREL>
Subject: actual costs of misc. items charged for by TPC
cc: king at KESTREL
Reply-to: "King@Kestrel"@ml
Can anyone out there (perhaps in BTL) give a reasonably
athoratative figure for some of the following?
1) the cost of making a local connection
1a) with touch tone
1b) with impulse
1c) with touch tone, if it is stipulated in advance
that that line can't use impulse
2) the cost of maintaining a local connection for one minute
3) the monthly cost to the phone company of maintaining a
compatible touch tone (also able to handle impulse)
line
4) the cost that the phone company would face if they were to
maintain a non-compatible touch tone line
I realize that there are variations, but all I want is some rough
figures and ranges.
Dick
------------------------------
Date: Wed Jan 5 10:58:03 1983
From: cca!dee@decvax.UUCP.Berkeley.ARPA
Subject: re: interstate vs. intrastate
Re: Randall Gellens argument that a state could take over
jurisdication by defining an intrastate call as one with both
instruments in the state. In our system, the Federal government has
pre-eminent jurisdiction (i.e., if the Feds and a state get into an
arguement, the Feds win 99.9+% of the time). Since local lines, local
telephone exchanges, local instruments, etc., are clearly necessary to
complete interstate calls, the Federal government would have no
trouble asserting total jurisdiction of the telephone system. Only
purely local systems with no interconnection to any interstate
facilities would have any chance and I am sure that if the Federal
government wanted to, it could take them over based on the argument
that they affect interstate commerce, etc. The only thing that might
really stand up to a concerted Federal effort would be a purely
intrastate system owned, operated by, and serving the state government
as a "sovereign" entity. The Supreme Court might keep federal hands
off that. So, the reality is that state PUCs have jurisdiction over
what the Federal Government / FCC lets them have and that's all.
Donald Eastlake (dee@cca, decvax!cca!dee)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
11-Jan-83 15:18:19-PST,6004;000000000000
Return-path: JSOL@USC-ECLB
Mail-From: JSOL created at 11-Jan-83 15:13:20
Date: 11 Jan 1983 1513-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #3
S
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 12 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 3
Today's Topics: Baby Bell - The First Day
Cellular Mobile In Washington, D.C. Area
V&H, Area Codes 307 & 308
Query - How To Deal With Harrassing Phone Calls
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed 5 Jan 83 17:02:33-PST
From: Jim Celoni S.J. <CSL.JLH.Celoni@SU-SCORE>
Subject: 1st-day encounter w/ Baby Bell
We've been deciding on a new PBX, and Pacific Telephone was one of the
contenders. I decided to call our account executive Monday, but
didn't have her number at the new local American Bell, Inc. office (a
different building from Pac Tel), so called her old number. A
secretary from another group answered and told me what she thought the
new number was. I called it and got a recording ("not in service ...
no referral"), so called our Pac Tel Market Administrator (who worked
with her on the proposal). He said he couldn't give me her number,
that he'd signed an agreement that if he talked business to an ABI rep
without a customer designating ABI as its agent, he was fired. (He
also said that last year he had ten accounts, now 300.)
So I called local directory assistance, but all they had was one
American Bell *PhoneCenter* (there are many in the area!). Then I
called 415 directory assistance, which gave me the SF office, which
gave me the numbers for the ABI National Response Center (800/
247-1212), which gave me another SF office I could call collect (but
"wasn't likely to be for our account"--we're over cutoff of 40
stations), which gave me a local ABI employee's number, which I called
but got no answer.
Then I called 800 information, which gave me an ABI "general business"
number (800/ 521-5221), which gave me a local "general business"
number (also 800, even though office is 3 mi away) . The one at the
last number didn't know whether our rep or her boss worked there, but
that I'd gotten the right number.
Next, I called the local ABI employee, who answered this time and had
numbers for my AE and her boss (and the correct local office number,
which differed from the one that gave me the recording in one digit).
I was disconnected when she tried to transfer the call to her. (Today
I found out the ABI office has a Dimension PBX, incidentally.)
I talked with the AE today, who gave me her address (but didn't know
zip) and said she still has the file on us she had as a Pac Tel
employee, except for the network-related binders she couldn't take.
She confirmed the PBX pricing she preannounced last month (20% off
tariffs--still high--and no change on Applications Processor).
Switches still aren't for sale, but peripherals will be (are?), and
other maintenance options will be available (less service for less
cost).
According to her, the local ABI office is now a profit center--if it
doesn't achieve E-to-R (expenses to revenue) ratio better than 12:1
this year, it vanishes. ABI is part of AIS (AT&T Information
Systems), as is AT&T International. At mid-year, when the Operating
Companies' installed base (e.g. existing Dimensions & Horizons) is
transferred to ABI, ATIX (AT&T IntereXchange Service) will become part
of AIS to handle current Long Lines accounts. Finally, she said
there's a lot she still doesn't know. (From my understanding of the
breakup, it's not clear some of what she told me is right,
either--please publish corrections.)
Many questions remain about Baby Bell, big and little. (Our former
Pac Tel repairman works for ABI now. What will he be doing until the
installed base moves?) I hope to hear about developments, as they
break, in TELECOM.
+j
------------------------------
Date: Saturday, 8 Jan 1983 17:26:37-PST
From: John R. Covert <decwrl!RHEA::CASTOR::J_COVERT%Shasta at SU-Score>
Subject: Cellular mobile in Washington, D.C. area
Am currently on the phone with a friend who is driving down Interstate
270. Just at the moment, he changed cells. We noticed as it muted.
Sounds bad for modems.
In D.C., it turns out that whichever non-wireline company gets the
licence will simply purchase Motorola's test system and be ready to
go.
By the way, all of Metrorail is expected to be one cell.
------------------------------
Date: 4 Jan 83 10:33:17-EST (Tue)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@Brl-Bmd>
Subject: V&H, areas 307 & 308
As noted earlier, most of Wyoming (307 area) is routed via area 303.
Interesting pattern in 308 area (part of Nebraska), ignoring about
half a dozen points along Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, and S. Dakota
borders: western part of state (roughly that part due N of Colorado)
and a smaller, noncontiguous part (western Buffalo County, including
Kearney, and a little bit of eastern Dawson County) much further E are
routed via 308; rest of area 308 routed via 402. (Can't find
coordinates of 308-555 anywhere else in 308 area.)
------------------------------
Date: Mon 10-Jan-1983 14:01-EST
From: Richard Kenner <KENNER@NYU>
Subject: Harassing phone calls
A friends's relative is getting harassing calls. At her request, the
phone company (NY Tel.) put a trap on her line to get the calling
numbers. However they say that they are not allowed by law to tell
her the calling numbers and can only tell the police if it is
life-threatening. Does anyone know if this is true? If not, do you
have anything that can be given to NY Tel as proof? If so, do you
have any ideas as to what can be done about the calls (other then
getting a new phone number)?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
14-Jan-83 14:58:19-PST,13156;000000000000
Return-path: JSOL@USC-ECLB
Mail-From: JSOL created at 14-Jan-83 14:57:40
Date: 14 Jan 1983 1457-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #4
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Saturday, 15 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 4
Today's Topics:
Administrivia - TCP SMTP Mail Development
Outgoing Only Payphones/MD WATTS Lines
Harrassing Calls - Federal Laws Re. Calling Number
Alternatives To Unlisted Number
Local Measured Service - Commentaries
Call Waiting Makes It To Ann Landers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 14 Jan 1983 1450-PST
From: The Moderator <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Administrivia
We are receiving reports of digests arriving mangled and of mail
system problems both related to ECL's mail software and with the
software of other systems. During the conversion effort, it will be
commonplace to have digests misdirected, or to arrive garbled, or
partially missing...
Some people are submitting mail to the TELECOM@MIT-AI and
TELECOM@MIT-MC addresses and are encountering difficulties. I strongly
urge readers to use the TELECOM@USC-ECLB address to send submissions.
TELECOM-REQUEST@USC-ECLB seems to be receiving messages properly. I
will be happy to remail to you any issues you don't receive. I need to
know the issue number of the last digest you received successfully.
If the above addresses should fail after this point, I want to be
informed. My personal address is JSOL@USC-ECLC, feel free to direct
things there if all else fails, but PLEASE TRY THE OTHER ADDRESSES
FIRST! Send to me the failure notices so I can find out just what is
going on. Thanks.
TELECOM is being used as an experiment to help us maintain a high
quality mail service. I want to thank you all for your patience in
this matter.
Cheers,
--JSol
------------------------------
Date: 5 Jan 1983 1315-PST
From: Mike Newton <Newton@CIT-20>
Subject: Outgoing only payphones/MD WATTS lines
Old TELECOM archives discussed pay phones that could not be
called. There are some of these at LAX, but I have never remembered
to look carefully carefully at them at the time I was there -- my
question is: Do they have any kind of `phone-number' at all?
If they are like some WATTS line in Maryland they may not be
truly "out-going only".
When working for a small financial company in the Annapolis
area I was often puzzled by the two watts lines. While the other
buttons on the phone had normal numbers like 268-1234 (prefix is close
but not necessarily right -- I don't remember) the two watts lines had
numbers of the form 015-9876 written on them. On day I realized that
the nine in the fourth position signified a special (pay ... ) phone.
I then tried dial 268-9876 and while this did not work, after a couple
more tries I found the correct prefix -- the watts line rang. The
same prefix (??? 267 ??? -- another Annapolis prefix) also worked on
the other line.
Is this possibly true of the outward only payphones??
(Note that since these watts lines were for interstate calls,
using them for an intrastate call was probably "against the rules" --
but the calls probably cost more than a local call anyway.)
(I think the lines were for out-going call, but I do not
remember.)
mike
------------------------------
Date: 12 January 1983 16:46-EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: harrassing calls
I don't know about a possible New York law, but there is definietely
NOT a federal law which would prevent the phone company from giving
you or the police the phone number of the harrasser. In an important
Supreme Court decision in 1979 (Smith v. Maryland) the court ruled
that the information as to what number someone dials is the property
of the tlephone company and they can do with it what they will.
(There are laws against WIRETAPPING without a court order, but the
number, as opposed to the content of the communication was held not
subject to the requirement of a warrent.)
Smith, who had been discovered to be making harrassing calls to
someone was caught because a PEN REGISTER had been placed on his
phone--a device which records what local numbers an individual dials.
The pen register had been placed at the request of the police, but
without a warrent. The argument went that a caller voluntarily turns
over his number and the calling number to the phone company as part of
the "contract" in which the phone comapny agrees to complete the call.
The phone comapny can then do what they want with this information,
including choosing to give it to the police, without the requirement
of a warrent.
As far as I know, this decision still stands at the Federal level..
------------------------------
Date: 10 January 1983 18:51-EST (Monday)
Sender: CARTER at RU-GREEN
From: _Bob <Carter at RUTGERS>
Subject: 'Unlisted No.':Only $299.95
The following appeared in the Sunday New York Times, section 6 (the
'magazine'), page 65, Jan. 9, l983.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
@b(PSST!) @b(WANT AN UNLISTED TELEPHONE NUMBER?)
* * *
How? With PriveCode(R): the Telephone Access Control TerminalTM
...an affordable, convenient alternative to Ma Bell's unlisted number
system.
@i(Here's how it works:)
Just plug PriveCode into any modular jack in your home or apartment,
turn it on, and you're in complete control over who can reach you.
You simply assign a three digit Access Code to people you want to hear
from. Whenever anyone dials your regular listed telephone number,
PriveCode intercepts their call and @i(stops all your phones from
ringing.) PriveCode then asks the caller to enter their Personal
Access Code. Only after a valid code has been entered will PriveCode
signal you with a pleasing electronic sound, and display caller's
personal code, so you know who is calling @i(before) you pick up your
phone. PriveCode even tells you who called while you were out.
Callers without valid Access Codes never get through. Since PriveCode
handles up to 16 different codes at a time it's just like having 16
private lines...on your present Ma Bell line.
* * *
PriveCode is available in fine department stores, electronic specialty
shops and phone stores.
---------------------------------------------------------------
The accompanying cut shows a flat base (about 12"x9"x1") with a
standard TouchTone desk set resting on the LH top. On the RH half of
the base, there is a protruding vertical console, about the size of a
deck of cards resting on its long edge, about 3" back from the front.
On the front of the console, what is apparently a plasma or LED
display shows the digits '139' and some unreadable garbage. On the
base just in front of the console are two buttons and a slide switch.
A similar device has been mentioned before in the Digest, although I
seem to recall that in a previous case, investigation showed that
screening was actually by a simple call-back-and-count-rings trick.
I called the 800 number in the ad, and got the following info.
The unit is FCC registered. The recommended retail selling price is
$299.95, although the clerk has heard of some discounting.
The unit takes the line off-hook on every call. No claim is made that
the unit 'senses' the caller's number. Instead, it generates a
digitally-stored woman's voice which asks him to enter his access
code. He may do so by tone, or by responding with a 'verbal pulse' to
a number as she cycles through the numbers 1-0, pausing after each
digit. Any monosyllable counts as a 'verbal pulse.'
The caller is given three chances to enter a valid three-digit access
code, and if he fails the unit hangs up. Tone entry may take place as
soon as the phone is answered, and a maximum of nine tones may be
entered. If he is responding with 'voice pulses,' the recorded voice
will cycle through the digits a maximum of 9 times.
The unit may be connected to an answering machine (or to a standard
phone) through an output port and callers giving the access code
'123' are always routed to the output port. Callers may be given a
bogus access code which causes the unit to present a phony ringing
signal to the caller but not to ring the phone.
The number '123' is reserved for the output port, and ten three-digit
combinations are reserved for programming. The user may select the 16
access codes from any of the remaining 990 combinations.
There are four ringing modes, which may be bound to access codes, to
allow the user to get some information about who is calling from the
ringing pattern.
The unit displays the successful access code in the console window
whenever the caller succeeds in generating a ring. It remembers
uncompleted calls by valid access code holders, and will display their
codes on demand.
I asked the clerk about the odds of breaking through. (As I understand
it, three tries to get 16/990 combinations gives the caller a 5
percent chance of bingo on the first call, and greater chances on
later calls.) The clerk said that of course 'hackers could use
computers' to get through.
The distributor of this device is
International Mobile Machines Corp.
100 North 20th St.
Dept. No. 104
Philadelphia, Pa.
19103
800-523-0103, Ext. 110
In Pa. 215-569-1300, Ext. 110
I called my N.J. Customer Service Representative to ask about the
price of getting an unlisted number for an existing residential line.
She said that there would be a one-time charge of either $12 or $16,
and no increment to the monthly bill. I do not know what the odds are
that a caller could find an unlisted number by stochastic calling.
(I.e. Could a caller on my ESS get the number by permuting the four
final digits?) I assume they would be higher than 1 in 20.
_B
------------------------------
Date: 4 January 1983 16:12 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Local Measured Services (LMS)
cc: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Acknowledge-To: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
I just joined this mailing list last month and have reviewed the
previous "archived" issues since its origin. I am involved with a
committee to suggest the rate structure alternatives to the Local
Telephone CO.
Later this Spring the local teleco will propose the new LMS request.
The request will include four basic factors in determining the
telephone rate for local telephone customers (both residential and
business). They are:
1. Distance - the rate will be based on the distance between two
central switching stations regardless of what
boundaries.
2. Frequency- the rate will be based on number of calls made per
month. The higher number the costlier will it be.
3. Time of Day - the rate will be higher at peak hours and for
peak users.
4. Duration - the rate will be based on time the phone is connected.
The higher the duration the costlier will it be.
In conclusion, the committee has expressed five negative aspects which
may be resulted from the initiation of LMS as:
1. Consumer confusion be created by the complexity of four factors.
2. Uncertainity to their monthly bill's figures.
3. Increased customer anxiety.
4. Discouragement of phone use by user-sensitive pricing as well as
impacts on cohesiveness of volunteer community organizations.
5. Differential negative impacts of duration charges on speech and
hearing impaired persons.
(Insider's Report: Duration rates will be scary to the data-line users
as well as can damage all CBBS systems!!!!)
Alternatives will be reported in the next issue.
<LJ>
------------------------------
Date: 14-Jan-1983 09:42
From: decwrl!RHEA::CASTOR::J_COVERT%Shasta at Sumex-Aim
Subject: Call Waiting makes it to Ann Landers
Dear Ann Landers:
What is proper when one has the new telephone device that allows a
person to receive a second call while engaged in a first?
I believe it is rude to cut off the first caller just because another
call comes in. A once-close friend of mine always did that. Recently
she bawled me out for avoiding her, complained that I never call
anymore. Just as I began to explain, her phone clicked. She told me
she had to take another call.
Unless the second call is an emergency, I believe one should tell the
second caller, "I have someone on the line and will return your call
as soon as possible," then go back to the first call and wind it up
gracefully. Right or wrong?
- San Antonio
You are right. This problem is one I'be been hearing a lot about
since all the high-tech telephone equipment has been popping up.
Thanks for writing.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
16-Jan-83 16:21:05-PST,4238;000000000000
Return-path: JSOL@USC-ECLB
Mail-From: JSOL created at 16-Jan-83 16:17:41
Date: 16 Jan 1983 1617-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #5
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Monday, 17 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 5
Today's Topics:
Administrivia - More Mail Service Problems
Cellular Mobile In Washingon, D.C. Area.
NPA 555 + Not Always Directory Assistance
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 16 Jan 1983 1553-PST
From: The Moderator <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Administrivia - More mail service problems
We are still (!) having problems related to the delivery of TELECOM.
Things are firming up in the mail software, but we are far from being
"home free". Issue #4 was delivered at least 3 times to quite a few
addresses, and never made it to at least half of the recipients of
TELECOM. I'm hoping for a better record today.
If you receive this one (it's pretty small) you know that we are up to
issue 5 of volume 3. The last issue of volume 2 was #141. If you want
duplicate copies of issues, please send to TELECOM-REQUEST@USC-ECLB
asking for said duplicates. Please be sure to include the specific
issues you want, it will be sufficient to ask me for "all the issues
since Volume 2 Issue <nnn>"... I will fill in the rest of the details
and shuffle all of the issues out to you, barring unforseen mail
problems.
TELECOM continues to serve as a "guinea pig" for testing new mailers
so if you get multiple copies, garbled messages, etc. etc. Please let
me know. Thanks for your cooperation and patience in this difficult
time.
Enjoy,
--JSol
------------------------------
Date: 15 Jan 1983 1312-PST
Sender: GEOFF at SRI-CSL
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #3, Cellular mobile in Washingon,
D.C. area.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-To: Geoff at SRI-CSL
You are quite correct in that the moment the cellular mobile changes
cells (i.e. hand-off) the channel is muted. However, only the mobile
side is muted. The mute duration is 50ms. This would only cause a
minimal glitch at 300 baud. I would expect that most people using
data over cellular systems would be stationary (after all it is kind
of hard to drive your car and type on your terminal at the same time,
isn't it?), and hence not be subject to the hand-off mute.
A way around the 'glitch' in hand-off is to have your receive modem
directly attached to the MTSO (so it knows you are communicating
digitally), and when it comes time to hand you off, the MTSO could
either stop transmission (by sending an X-OFF down the pipe) OR the
MTSO could momentarily buffer the data while it does the hand-off.
The Motorola developmental system in Washington you referred to is
really the American Radio Telephone Service (ARTS) developmental
system supplied by Motorola and is totally owned by American Radio
Telephone Service. The system is therefore not subject to purchase by
who ever wins the non-wire line license in the Washington DC and
Baltimore SMSA's.
As far as Metrorail being one cell: none of the 5 applicants filed for
Metrorail coverage initially on June 7th, but the idea of stringing
leaky coax thru out the Metrorail system has been banded about as a
possible future enhancement.
------------------------------
Date: Sat Jan 15 1983 19:18:13-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM.ARPA>
Subject: 555+
Pacific Telephone has just announced a "Let's Talk Response Center"
for people interested in finding out "details" regarding the AT&T
breakup's effects on PacTel services. The really interesting aspect
of this is the number:
(800) 555-5000
This is the first instance I've ever seen of a ten digit 555+ number
being used for *anything* other than directory assistance. In fact,
in most areas, it has usually been possible to dial:
NPA+555+XXXX
to get D.A. for a remote area code -- any random values for the last
four digits were sufficient.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
19-Jan-83 20:09:33-PST,12127;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 19-Jan-83 19:57:14
Date: 19 Jan 1983 1957-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #6
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 20 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 6
Today's Topics:
More Administrivia
Local Measured Service (LMS)
555-xxxx
Measured Service (2 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 19 Jan 1983 1938-PST
From: The Moderator <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: More administrivia
Mail system development continues, as you are well aware I'm sure.
There are at least as many new bugs cropping up as there are fixes
made daily. No end seems in sight for this torture(!)
I've been fortunate that our mail system is as robust as it has been.
It is getting better every day. This issue is yet another guinea pig
tester for the mail system I am about to install on our system. Wish
me luck!
Most of this digest pertains to the current issue of Measured Local
Telephone service. I would like to hear aired various points of view
on the issues surrounding Measured Service.
Cheers,
--JSol
------------------------------
Date: 17 January 1983 13:23 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Local Measured Service (LMS)
cc: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
[This message was originally sent to TELECOM, but was incomplete.
The complete message is contained here in today's digest. --JSol]
I just joined this mailing list last month and have reviewed the
previous "archived" issues since its origin. I am involved with a
committee to suggest the rate structure alternatives to the Local
Telephone CO.
Later this Spring the local teleco will propose the new LMS request.
The request will include four basic factors in determining the
telephone rate for local telephone customers (both residential and
business). They are:
1. Distance - the rate will be based on the distance between two
central switching stations regardless of what
boundaries.
2. Frequency- the rate will be based on number of calls made per
month. The higher number the costlier will it be.
3. Time of Day - the rate will be higher at peak hours and for
peak users.
4. Duration - the rate will be based on time the phone is connected.
The higher the duration the costlier will it be.
In conclusion, the committee has expressed five negative aspects which
may be resulted from the initiation of LMS as:
1. Consumer confusion be created by the complexity of four factors.
2. Uncertainity to their monthly bill's figures.
3. Increased customer anxiety
4. Discouragement of phone use by user-sensitive pricing as well as
impacts on cohesiveness of volunteer community organizations
5. Differential negative impacts of duration charges on speech and
hearing impaired persons.
Two Alternatives to LMS are suggested as follows: 1. Establishment of
a basic access service consisting of dial tone for incoming calls and
minimum number of "free" outgoing calls in addition to flat-rate
service; 2. Use of technology to separate voice from data
communications.
We have noted that utilization of a "life line" service with the
reasonably high message unit charges once the initial allowance has
been exceeded, as an adjunt to present flat-rate service, would
satisfy the "universal service" objective, and avoid most of the
complexity, uncertainity, anxiety, and disabled persons' concerns. It
would not however, address the potentially high cost of regular
service to most customers, the desirability of placing increased
networks capacity costs on those whose increased(computer) use
occassioned them, or the encouragement of more efficient telephone
use. It is emphasized that under any rate design including present
rates or LMS, such a basic "lifeline" service should be offered.
Also, the recommendations are made as follows:
1. Distance:
Due to the uncertainity of the distances between the parties to be
called, the variability of the actual path taken by the call, the
complexity added by distance in enabling the customer to control or
project his phone bill, the difficulity of drawing, simple, fair and
relevant distance boundaries, and the objective of encouraging the
wides economical communication within the metropolitan area outweigh
any benefit to the telephone co from improsing a distance element.
The suggestion is the use of a flat monthly area access charge.
2. Frequency:
In the form of a per-call set-up charge, the incremental cost of
set-up is relatively low. But a per-call charge (no matter how high)
does not address the basic capacity problem by increased computer use.
In short, it is neither cost related, nor productive of mere effective
phone use. More important is the potentially negative impact of any
substantial per-call charge (probably 5 cents per call) on volunteer
community organizations. The suggestion is the imposition of
substantial set-up charge during the peak period as will be explained
under "Time of Day" below.
3. Duration:
Duration appears the most important element to both local telephone
company and the public. A per-minute charge produces a high level of
anxiety in consumers; reflectedd in "clock watching" concern over the
uncontrollable actions of others such as parties wanting to continue
conversations, family members, and being "put on hold" and fear of
"surprises" in the bill at the end of the month. To reduce the
potential anxiety in personal and business communications, the
suggestion is that duration be measured not on a per-minute basis, but
on the basis of the time interval used in most (not average) cases
comfortably to complete the type of call in question. That interval
or duration could be determined by statistical studies of actual
experience or consumer preference. For example, 10 minute interval
for daytime (mostly business-related) calls and a 30 minute interval
for evening (personal) calls. In addition to discourage "tying up the
system" with long calls characteristic of most data transmission, the
suggestion was made that each succeeding interval be priced higher
than the previous one. Also, in order to alleviate the expenses to
callers of being "put on hold" business , the idea of offering
businesses a local "toll free call-in" service when LMS is implemented
is endorsed.
Time of Day:
The most potentially powerful element in the LMS design is "time of
day". When properly designed, a rate structure would encourage more
efficient use of network capacity, give customers greater control over
phone bills, and reduce the repressive impact which LMS might
otherwise have on communications by volunteer groups and individuals.
In order for peak-load pricing to work effectively, those suggestions
were made: 1) The off-peak period must be long enough and convenient
enough for customers to use it rather than the peak; 2) the incentive
differene between peak and off-peak must be great enough to encourage
a shift to off-peak use, but not so great as to create a new "peak";
and 3) the peak rates must be high enough to cover capacity costs but
not so high to discourage use to the point of threatening revenue
requirements. For the sake of growth of the teleco, three periods
were suggested: a day time peak 9AM - 5 PM, an off-peak 7PM - 7 AM,
and to prevent "spillover", an intermediate period 7 - 9 AM and 5 - 7
PM. The ideas are still continuing to see that placement of personal
calls be encouraged during non-business hours.
Conclusion on above-mentioned suggestions:
We are aware of various ulilities such as electricity, gas, water,
sewer, and also, the postages. All are based on actual use in number
of units where unit can be kilowatt, cubic feet, gallons, ounces, etc.
So the telephone company is geared to change to such factors so it
will earn actual revenues rather than the universal theory (the
average cost spreaded to every one regardless of distance, time,
frequency, and duration).
Any comment or suggestion is welcome. Also, any of you, readers, have
any better issue to comment about your local telephone company?
<LJ>
(Reply to: LSchwarz.Activate@USGS1-MULTICS)
------------------------------
Date: 17 Jan 1983 1739-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: 555-xxxx
For about four years now, 555 has been translated so that only 121x
goes to directory assistance. Massachusetss has been using 555-1611
for repair service for three years.
The use of 800 555-5000 for "Let's talk" is pretty much nationwide.
The destination depends on the operating company in your area.
------------------------------
Date: Mon 17 Jan 83 08:37:35-PST
From: Jim Celoni S.J. <CSL.JLH.Celoni@SU-SCORE.ARPA>
Subject: Re: Unlisted numbers [v. 3 #4]
An old alternative to an unlisted number (here non-published "service"
is $0.30/mo) is to list your number under your dog's name. You can
hang up when greeted with "Hello, Mr. Prince." (He also gets the
bills.)
If you don't mind being in the phone book but want to reduce the
amount of junk mail you get, you can ask not to be included in street
address directories (our last bill had a postcard to return to do
that), or just list your name with no address. Both are free.
+j
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jan 1983 10:25 EST
From: clark.wbst at PARC-MAXC
Subject: Local Measured Services (LMS)
cc: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
On the subject of charging for local service based on the distance
between to central switching stations...
While it is clearly true that it costs more to connect a call BETWEEN
switches than WITHIN one, the distance between phones does not
directly correpond to the distance between their switches. The
extreme case is where two people live next door to each other, yet are
on different switching stations...
The phone company decided where to put the switching stations and who
to hook to which. The consumer should not be penalized by being
forced to pay for the structure of the phone companies internal
switching. He should pay for the service he gets. Charge should be
based on the distance between phones. The user did not tell the phone
company how to set it up ! That was their decision, they should now
have to live with it.
--Ray
[A counter proposal to this is that you should not get a break just
because you are switched off the same physical ESS machine as the
phone you want to call. I may live in the area too but on another
machine. Resource consumption notwithstanding, it will get even *more*
complicated to deal with! --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jan 1983 1949-PST
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Measured Service - Caveat
While it is clear to me that "Computer users" are being made the
"enemies" in this case, it is clear that the people who will hurt the
most from this will be the person who doesn't read their Telephone
company inserts describing the changes. I was in the "residence
service center" of GTE in Santa Monica getting a phone for a friend,
and I was not surprised to find that the majority of the people who
were in the business office were trying to figure out why their phone
bills had just grown 10 times in size! There was one person with
"Extended service" to an area, who hadn't noticed that his "extended
service" was usage sensitive, and who had suddenly gotten himself a
bill of over $300 just in calls to that area alone! I'm sure most of
us computer users will simply stop using the phone for computer use
BEFORE it becomes too expensive, right?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
20-Jan-83 15:48:55-PST,2495;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 20-Jan-83 15:47:56
Date: 20 Jan 1983 1547-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #7
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Friday, 21 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 7
Today's Topics: Administrivia - Small Digest
Measured Local Service Proposals
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 20 Jan 1983 1540-PST
From: The Moderator <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: More mail troubles - small digest
Today's digest is smaller, and hopefully easier to handle in people's
mail files as I continue to test the mailer. If you receive more than
one copy (if you get at least one GOOD copy) then you need not send
mail to me, as I am probably aware of the duplication.
The mailer currently aborts the entire distribution of TELECOM when it
gets to a specific point which I have yet to catch (because it is
subtle). One time it appeared to be a monitor problem, but now I'm not
so sure (it's that specific).
PARC-MAXC - I have one complaint from PARC about receiving "null
messages". Specifically the digest is delivered entirely containing
nulls instead of the normal characters. I send the digest through a
local indirect distribution, so it would be most helpful if any of the
other PARC recipients of the digest mail to me that they have received
a good copy. This is the only time I need to know if you GET the
digest.
For everybody else, I need to know if you MISS one. They don't get
distributed every day, so the thing to do is look at the issue
numbers. I'm sorry to take up so much of your time, but it will result
in a more stable implementation of mail system if we fix these bugs
early. Thank you for your cooperation...
The Moderator -- JSol@USC-ECLC
------------------------------
Date: 20 Jan 1983 1150-PST
From: Paul Martin <PMARTIN at SRI-AI>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #6
Concerning the proposal to charge an increasing amount per time block
for successive blocks in a continuous call (e.g. the second 10 minutes
costs more than the first, etc.), it seems to me that this would just
encourage the development of hacks to hang up and redial periodically,
which cannot improve any aspect of service or loading that I know of.
.... Paul
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
22-Jan-83 12:14:00-PST,4821;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 22-Jan-83 12:13:37
Date: 22 Jan 1983 1213-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #8
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 23 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 8
Today's Topics: Protected Exchanges
Local Toll-Free (Automatic Collect) Service
[Another short digest, another new mailer to test...]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 21 Jan 83 9:59:47-EST (Fri)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: protected exchanges
A while ago, there was a note here about protected exchanges (the
particular topic was about local service from NJ--most of whose points
do not require 1+ on long-distance calls--across area code
boundaries).
Would the following indicate that 255 is "protected" in Delaware? (If
not, what extra info is needed?)
215-255 is local to 302-239 Hockessin and to
302-366,368,453,454,731,737,738 Newark.
The Delaware calling instructions say that 1+ is required, although
I had found that this was not necessary from 475 & 478. As far as I
know, 1+ is required in Newark; don't know about Hockessin. If, from
302-731, I dial 1-255-xxxx, it is recognized as local call and thus
does NOT go thru.
------------------------------
Date: 21 Jan 1983 1348-PST
From: Wmartin at OFFICE-3 (Will Martin)
Subject: Local toll-free dial-in
Regarding the comment in recommendation #3 in LSchwartz' message:
Instead of just "offering" businesses a local toll-free dial-in where
the business pays for the measured service of the caller, this should
be the MANDATORY characteristic that distinguishes a "business" line
from a "personal" one. This is exactly parallel with the use of
Business-Reply Mail, a subject I have long been concerned with. It is
obvious to me that a business should pay for all postage and, in this
case, all telephone service expenses expended by its customers; this
especially applies in the case of businesses dealing directly with the
general public, like retailers and service firms.
The only argument against this principle is that placing these costs
on the business increases its cost of doing business; it must raise
its rates to recover these costs. I have no quarrel with that, and I
am willing to pay the higher rates if I do NOT have to pay the postage
or telephone costs. The essential factor which makes this principle
the only right way to go is the tax situation. The business' postage
and telephone costs are tax deductible as a cost of doing business. My
own postage and telephone costs are NOT so deductible. If I pay it, I
am out the full amount. If the business pays it, it is out the same
cost (essentially) LESS the tax benefit of the deduction! It costs the
combined group (the businesses and their customers) LESS in total if
the businesses pay ALL the fees and charge somewhat higher rates in
consequence.
With the computerized billing processes available to telcos now, this
sort of thing should not only be easy to implement, but it should cost
no more to charge the one end of the connection than the other. This
is where the principle currently breaks down in postage -- the USPS
takes the opportunity to stick businesses an extra two cents or so for
each Business-Reply Mail item, over the regular postage, plus they
charge an annual permit fee. These extra charges, which are not really
justifiable, cause Business-Reply mail to cost more just because it is
paid for at the receiving end instead of the sending end. (It should
really be cheaper, since it is obvious that it is more economic to
collect larger amounts in chunks from the businesses than it is to
sell stamps one at a time and cancel them. However the USPS is
hidebound by the past, and hopefully the telcos are better than that.)
Anyway, this is exactly parallel to the telco situation, and the telco
can just as easily bill the recipient instead of the caller. It is
vital that the business is billed NO MORE than the individual would be
for the same call. There should be a savings due to combining the
charges all on the business bills; really the businesses should pay
somewhat LESS. However, it is doubtful that this would get
implemented.
The important thing is that this situation is MANDATORY for ALL
"business" telephone lines, so that there are no options in the
situation. The businesses will gripe at first, but that will die down
eventually. If it is optional, it will be perpetually a subject of
contention. Get it done once and for all.
Will Martin
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
26-Jan-83 13:37:41-PST,6408;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 26-Jan-83 13:32:28
Date: 26 Jan 1983 1332-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #9
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 27 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 9
Today's Topics:
Business Vs. Residential Service
Cheaper Calling Query - Long Distance
Measured Service, Comments, Please
Coin Phone Woes - Deposit Coins AFTER Dial?
"Calling Card" Security - ?
Calling American Bell
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Jan 83 22:56:55 EST (Sat)
From: J. C. Pistritto <jcp@Brl-Bmd.ARPA>
On the subject of business vs residential service:
At the small company I am working for, (about 10 employees), I
have noticed that the local telco, (Cheasapeake & Potomac Telephone),
seems to charge more to businesses for the same services as it does
residential customers. For instance, the line rate for a simple
rotary dial instrument is approximately 20% higher than the listed
rate in the local directory for residential service. Also, rented
telephone equipment (in this case key equipment), seems to be unduly
expensive for the relatively limited services offered. On the other
hand, some of the higher-level equipment that larger companies use,
(such as PBX systems and WATS services), seem to be fairly reasonably
priced. Does this reflect Western Electric subsidization of the more
modern equipment, or is the local telco just taking advantage of the
high entry cost of digital equipment to rip off small businesses?
-JCP-
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jan 83 20:33:01 EST (Wed)
From: Steve Bellovin <smb.unc@UDel-TCP>
Subject: cheaper calling
Reply-To: ~smb.unc at UDel-TCP
Can anyone suggest a cheap way for my parents in Brooklyn (212-251) to
call my sister in Nassau Country (516-763)? MCI et al. don't help,
because it's in-state. NY Bell has something called "Dial-A-Visit",
which is a cheap way to call one number in-state; however, my mother
was told that it doesn't apply to calls between NYC and the
surrounding area; such calls are considered to be to your local
calling area rather than toll calls. I've tried reading the tarriffs
(there's an excerpt in at least the Manhattan phone book, all I have
here), but I'm not enlightened.
--Steve
P.S. Please reply to me directly; I've received only one digest since
the TCP/IP cutover (#3). Not that I'm certain what the address should
be, though it's probably one of smb.unc@udel-relay or smb@unc.csnet or
smb@unc.phonenet -- but there are reasonable odds that the
header-munging code at Delaware will do the right thing as it passes
this note on...
------------------------------
Date: Sat 22 Jan 83 22:19:50-PST
From: Richard Furuta <Furuta@WASHINGTON.ARPA>
Subject: Measured Service, comments, please
cc: Furuta@WASHINGTON.ARPA
I would like to solicit comments from readers of Telecom on the
concept of measured local service. I had the experience of sitting in
on a discussion with the director of our University's
Telecommunications services. Also in the room was an employee of
General Telephone. During the discussion, I heard the justification
for going to measured local service (connect time) given several times
as "it's only fair that people pay for what they use."
I'm wondering if anyone has thought about that justification. On the
face of it, it seems to be a truism. Is it? Does it conflict with
the (apparently) desirable social good of universal telephone service?
Are there technological innovations which make the notion of connect
time charging irrelevant (much as satellite circuits make the concept
of distance based charges less relevant for long distance). If time
based rates are put into effect, I'd imagine that many of us will tend
to make many shorter calls rather than single longer calls. How does
the cost of maintaining a single connection over a long period of time
compare with the cost of switching these several shorter calls (what
are the comparative costs of connect time versus switching time)?
Please send comments to me and I'll try to get a summary written up.
--Rick
------------------------------
Date: 25 Jan 83 11:02:08 EST (Tue)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@Brl-Bmd.ARPA>
Subject: deposit coins AFTER dial?
On 378 & 642 prefixes here in Maryland (area 301), it says (on
pay-phone local calls) to dial the number and wait for 2nd tone before
depositing money. When does the receiving party hear any ringing?
------------------------------
Date: 24 Jan 83 23:51:33-PST (Mon)
From: Friedman%UCI@USC-ECL
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #8
I have obtained a "Calling Card" from Pacific Telephone that allows me
to charge calls I make from pay phones. The number on the Calling
Card consists of my area code followed by my phone number followed by
four mysterious digits.
My question is, Are these four digits some function of the other ten,
or are they arbitrarily assigned, or what? Do operators have access
to some database of valid numbers, or can the validity of the number
be ascertained by some intrinsic property of the number itself (as in
a parity code)?
It would seem impractical to maintain a database of valid numbers that
is checked upon each placing of a call, since the card is supposedly
valid all over the world. On the other hand, if some intrinsic
property of the number is the only determiner of the number's
validity, the system does not seem too secure.
Mike Friedman
(friedman@uci)
------------------------------
Date: 26 Jan 1983 1039-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Calling American Bell
It seems they now have an 800 number: 800 555-8111.
I called to find out the price of a Model 2500 Desk Set: $61.95.
Competetive with the consumer market. However, any business can order
them wholesale for about $38.00.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
29-Jan-83 11:29:49-PST,12975;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 29-Jan-83 11:29:16
Date: 29 Jan 1983 1129-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #10
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 30 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 10
Today's Topics: Calling From NYC To Long Island
Trailing 4 Digits In A Calling Card Number
Interstate Vs. Intrastate Calls
Payphones And Calling Cards
Calling Card Code
An Important Announcement For Alabama Customers
Alternatives To INWATS??
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 26 Jan 1983 1557-PST
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: Calling from NYC to Long Island
To: smb.unc at UDEL-TCP
Address: Kestrel Institute, 1801 Page Mill Rd., Palo Alto, CA 94304
Phone: (415) 494-2233
I believe Sprint lets you call within state (a friend of mine says
he's done it, but this was about a year ago or so).
You might want to have your folks check them out.
--Lynn
------------------------------
Date: 26 Jan 1983 1802-CST
From: Clive Dawson <CC.Clive at UTEXAS-20>
Subject: Trailing 4 digits in a Calling Card Number
Mike Friedman's query about the 4 digits on the end of the calling
card number is something I've been wondering about too. For the
reasons stated, maintaining a database is too impractical. I once
made a calling card call from an area where I had to tell the operator
my number rather than using the keypad. She told me that she would
have to validate it, and I heard her as she pushed the digits of my
phone number. Then a recorded voice came back and spoke the last four
digits, which she compared with the ones I gave her. That immediately
struck me as being a dumb way to do it. Suppose that somebody managed
to figure out how to access that validation line. It would be easy to
get full calling card digits for as many phone numbers as they cared
to supply. A much safer procedure would be to require the entire
calling card number, and then respond with a "Valid/Not Valid"
message.
Another interesting point is that Bell apparently changes the last
four digits periodically. I recently received a new calling card
which contained a different trailing 4-digit number than my original
card. This implies that the mapping algorithm changes periodically,
or that it is an encryption procedure in which the key changes
periodically. It also implies that Bell is probably capable of
accepting either the old or new sequence for some suitable overlap
period.
Again, I don't know what procedure is used for generating the 4
digits, but if I had been my job to design the system, I'd use a
suitable encryption algorithm and encrypt some constant string using
the phone number as the key, and then "normalize" the encrypted string
to 4 digits if necessary. You could also do it the other way, by
treating the phone number as the plaintext and using some constant
key. The basic object of all this is simple: you want to prevent
people from generating valid calling card numbers from random phone
numbers. You have to assume that a villain might get possesion of
many valid calling card #'s, so it needs to be secure enough that this
wouldn't provide enough info to break the pattern.
Clive
P.S. If anybody has further INFO about how it's REALLY done, let us
know.
------------------------------
Date: 26 Jan 83 17:22:50-EST (Wed)
From: Randall Gellens <randall.udel-cc-unixa@UDel-TCP>
Subject: V3 #2
------------------------------
Date: Wed Jan 5 10:58:03 1983
From: cca!dee@decvax.UUCP.Berkeley.ARPA
Subject: re: interstate vs. intrastate
Re: Randall Gellens argument that a state could take over
jurisdication by defining an intrastate call as one with both
instruments in the state. In our system, the Federal government
has pre-eminent jurisdiction (i.e., if the Feds and a state get
into an arguement, the Feds win 99.9+% of the time). Since local
lines, local telephone exchanges, local instruments, etc., are
clearly necessary to complete interstate calls, the Federal
government would have no trouble asserting total jurisdiction of
the telephone system. Only purely local systems with no
interconnection to any interstate facilities would have any
chance and I am sure that if the Federal government wanted to, it
could take them over based on the argument that they affect
interstate commerce, etc. The only thing that might really stand
up to a concerted Federal effort would be a purely intrastate
system owned, operated by, and serving the state government as a
"sovereign" entity. The Supreme Court might keep federal hands
off that. So, the reality is that state PUCs have jurisdiction
over what the Federal Government / FCC lets them have and that's
all.
Donald Eastlake (dee@cca, decvax!cca!dee)
------------------------------
You are talking about the State not being able to rest control from
the Feds -- but the Feds are ignoring intra-state calls. The
alternative carriers are claiming that the calls are really
interstate in order to avoid dealing with state PUC's. My point is
that, given the Fed's vacuum, a state could step in and define any
call between points within its boundaries is under its jurisdiction,
and set tarrifs and taxes and such.
------------------------------
Date: 27 Jan 1983 0939-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Payphones and Calling cards
Postpay phones are common in many areas of the world The called party
usually hears the same tone you hear; i.e. the tone comes on AFTER the
called party answers. This is used when the local phone system does
not support coin return logic; i.e. if you put your coin in, you'll
never see it again.
In previous years, the Calling Card code was a function of the other
ten digits. Now there is a nationwide, distributed database which
TSPS automatically checks and which other operators have to manually
check.
If you'll look carefully at your card, there is one number used within
World Numbering Zone 1 which contains the new P.I.N. Calls from other
parts of the world have a separate number which contains a simple code
which is changed once a year. In many states it is a crime to reveal
the code.
Please note that the new cards do not have an expiration date. This
means that your P.I.N. need not change each year now. Also, if you
lose your card, you should be able to get a new P.I.N. (I don't know
what is planned for the international code.)
The "telephone police" are very good at tracking down fraudulent use
of Calling Cards.
------------------------------
Date: 28 Jan 1983 0524-PST
From: GRANGER.RS%UCI@USC-ECL
Subject: Calling Card Code
cc: friedman%UCI@USC-ECL
The four "mysterious digits" at the end of your calling card number
break down as follows: the first three of them are a code for
something called the "Revenue Accounting Office" in Bell parlance --
this is the bureaucratic entity to which billings are ultimately sent
so that the charge can appear on your monthly bill, and is a function
(altho not a single-valued function -- there can be more than one RAO
code for any given RAO) of the area code. In cases where multiple RAO
codes exist for a given area code (generally the "denser" area codes
-- those area codes with large numbers of central offices), the RAO
code is a function of area code plus prefix. Here, again, the function
is not one to one, but in the reverse direction: there can be multiple
prefixes designated by the same RAO code. The RAO codes are changed
annually on the calling card -- for example our Orange County, Calif.,
area code 714 RAO code in 1982 was 782 (the 82 is just coincidental);
in 1983, it is 389.
The fourth and last of the "mysterious digits" is a simple encoding of
ONE of the digits of the telephone number: which one, specifically,
changes from year to year, as well as the encoding schema itself.
You are correct: the system is not very secure. It would not take much
more than an examination of a small sample of calling card numbers
(say, two dozen) to figure out at least some of the RAO codes for a
given year and also to decode the fourth digit. However, since this
system has been used since the introduction of the "Calling Card"
system (known as the "Credit Card system" prior to this year),
apparently Ma Bell is not concerned enough about it to tighten it up.
I presume they reckon that the revenue lost through fraudulent use of
deciphered Calling Card codes is too trivial to justify paying some
cryptologist a consulting fee for constructing a tighter system!
Since I would be happy to do it for them at premium rates, it must be
the case that they lose next to nothing this way.
------------------------------
Date: 28-Jan-1983 15:34
From: "decwrl!RHEA::CASTOR::J_COVERT%Shasta" at SU-Score
Subject: An Important Announcement for Alabama Customers
The Alabama Public Service Commission recently granted South Central
Bell an increase of $52.5 million, effective January 11, 1983.
Monthly access line charges for a one-party residence customer
increased $1.75. One-party business access lines increased $3.50.
Proportionately smaller increases apply to party line customers.
Other changes in rates also occurred. For instance:
- the charge for a coin telephone call increased from 10
cents to 25 cents
- a call to Directory Assistance now costs 40 cents
instead of 20 cents
- the charge for local operator assistance (asking an
operator to complete a call) will go from 20 cents to
50 cents
- a charge is now applicable for asking an operator to
verify a busy number. A 50 cent rate will be charged
for verification while a $1.00 rate will be applied if
an operator is asked to interrupt a call.
- long distance charges were lowered for hearing- and
speech-impaired customers who use non-voice equipment.
In addition, the rates for service connection charges were affected as
were charges for specialized channel services used primarily by
businesses.
Also effective are changes in other areas. First, charges for
telephone installation work at a customer's home or office are now
based on the actual time a technician spends doing the work instead of
a fixed charge. They also include an amount that covers the cost of
miscellaneous materials. This new procedure is called "Time and
Materials" charging.
In addition customers now have the option of buying any standard,
Princess (R) or Trimline (R) telephones that are being rented from
South Central Bell. This offer applies to single-line rotary dial and
Touch-Tone (R) telephones, both desk and wall models, but not those
behind complex systems such as key sets. It also includes some
automatic dialers, the AutoMatic TelePhone (R) and the TeleHelper*
products.
Until May 10, these sets will be sold at special low prices. All
customers will be receiving detailed information on this subject in an
insert in their next bill. In the interim, residence customers can
get information about the plan by calling, toll-free, 1-800-626-1700.
Business customers can call 1-800-282-8883.
Finally, a new charge, an Unrecovered Telephone Equipment Charge, will
be applied when customers don't return or reuse their telephones upon
moving or disconnecting service.
*Trademark of AT&T Company
South Central Bell
------------------------------
Date: 29 January 1983 02:04 EST
From: Frank J. Wancho <FJW @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Alternatives to INWATS??
Is there a service that provides INWATS at a better price structure
than Bell? The table below is the monthly rate schedule for the
target number in Detroit: Bell wants $74/mo. for two lines (we need
only one)...note also that all times are the CALLER's local time...
the numbers in parens are values for the lowest rate schedule - for
phones in Iowa, Kansas, and Nebraska...
Measured || 08:00-17:00 | 17:00-23:00 | 23:00-08:00
Time tiers || weekdays | weekday and | weekday nites
(in hours) || (dollars/hr) | Sunday eves | all day Saturday
============||===============+===============+=================
00.0 - 15.0 || 20.35 (19.92) | 14.66 (14.34) | 9.70 (9.49)
15.1 - 40.0 || 18.59 (18.21) | 13.39 (13.12) | "
40.1 - 80.0 || 16.82 (16.48) | 12.12 (11.81) | "
80.1 - up || 14.90 (14.59) | 10.70 (10.20) | "
--Frank
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
30-Jan-83 18:08:26-PST,5230;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 30-Jan-83 18:07:50
Date: 30 Jan 1983 1807-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #11
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Monday, 31 January 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 11
Today's Topics: Sprint - 212A Modems
Calling Card Security
Alternatives To Inward WATS
AT&T 800 Service
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 29 Jan 1983 at 1853-CST
From: mknox@utexas-11
Subject: Sprint -- 212A
I am a recent SPRINT user and fairly satisfied so far. One problem
however.
I cannot seem to use SPRINT for 212A long distance calls. The modem I
am using (an antique MI**2) detects the tone and responds with the
familiar 212A trash signal, but never sets the 'carrier detected'
light. Apparently it is not able to synch up. Everything sounds
o.k., plenty of volume.
Works fine over Ma Bell.
Ideas?
------------------------------
Date: Sat Jan 29 1983 14:18:27-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@Lbl-Csam>
Subject: Calling Cards
The "official" view of most operating companies toward calling cards
is not to worry too much about card security until AFTER a problem
occurs.
My most recent card showed up in an unsealed envelope (apparently
never sealed due to a mechanical defect.) I felt a bit insecure about
this, and called my local PacTel office (where the ACD recordings now
remind you to ask for your free calling card!) The rep asked me how
many cards I had ordered. I told her just one. She then said that
(obviously) I had nothing to worry about, since the card was still in
there! It took me about five minutes to explain to her that anybody
could just copy the numbers off the card and then start making calls.
She then checked with her super, who informed her that they took no
action on such situations unless I started actually getting billed for
calls which weren't mine. THEN they'd be willing to give me a
"fictitious number" card (not tied to my actual telephone number) and
of course to remove the bad billings.
From their standpoint, this is obviously a nice solution. It
minimizes hassles with people wanting more secure cards, and no doubt
is worth direct bucks as well -- since we can assume that many
businesses and individuals who are heavy calling card users never have
time to carefully check their bills for illicit calls. I must admit,
however, that I've never had a problem getting such a call removed
from my bill when I've brought it to their attention.
The CTI (Central Toll Investigation) people work continually on
tracking down violators (many of whom apparently are very much
habitual). The losses are very significant (well, at least they would
be to most companies) but are not terribly large compared with total
revenues, of course.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 29 Jan 83 22:45:51-EST (Sat)
From: Randall Gellens <randall.udel-cc-unixa@UDel-TCP>
Subject: Alternatives to Inward WATS
Many of the alternative carriers provide inward-wats type of service
-- you receive an access code which you can distribute to people who
want to call you. They will need, of course, a tone-dialing phone and
the local number to reach the carrier. I don't think they need your
phone number as well (ie, it is sufficient to call the carrier and
enter the access code) but I could easily be wrong.
As an example, some of the carriers provide the service as a method of
reaching their billing or repair offices. It is cheaper for them that
TPC WATS (which most of them maintain as well).
I think SPRINT calls their service "IN-SPRINT".
------------------------------
Date: 30 Jan 1983 1602-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: 800 Service
Unfortunately it is difficult for anyone else to offer a competitive
service to AT&Ts 800 Service. AT&T has the advantage of having access
to the local network at every single local exchange. It will be a
long time before the competitors have this kind of access.
If the goal is to reach customers in certain cities, FXs with the
circuit provided by another carrier can save money, but the magnitude
of the calling has to be quite high; someone who needs only one 800
Service line probably couldn't win on this.
The reason AT&T requires you to have two lines is to reduce the amount
of network time wasted when callers get a busy signal. On 800
Service, AT&T can demand that you increase the number of lines if
there are too many busies. (They can on any other service, too, but
their argument is better on 800 Service.)
The rate is determined by the time where the 800 Service line is
located, not by the caller's time. And you have to average the usage
over all the lines to determine the rate you are charged; this forces
your rate to be higher when you have a large number of lines but not a
large amount of calling.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
27-Feb-83 16:26:10-PST,3684;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 27-Feb-83 16:24:47
Date: 27 Feb 1983 1624-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #12
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Monday, 28 February 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 12
Today's Topics: Administrivia (naturally!)
Phone Loggers
Touch Tone/Area Code 619 Fully Cut Over/High Volume Discounts
800 Prefixes
Pacific Plantronics IN-WATS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 27 Feb 1983
From: The Moderator (of course) <JSol at USC-ECLB>
Subject: Administrivia (naturally!)
There hasn't been a TELECOM digest in about a month. This is all of
the traffic I have collected since the last digest. Due to a mailer
bug it is possible that some mail has not been received. If you sent
something that you haven't seen yet (and you aren't missing a digest)
then you will have to resend it to me, Sorry.
People are reporting that some of the digests appear garbled. There's
not much I can do about this since the hetrogenous network topology
doesn't leave much room to find the bugs, and of course nobody has any
reasonable tools available to debug network software. The best I can
hope to do at this point is to ask you to send mail to
TELECOM-REQUEST@USC-ECLB and ask me to retransmit the digest. Please
be sure to include the issue number.
Cheers,
--JSol
------------------------------
Date: 15 Feb 1983 1352-PST
From: Richard M. King <KING at KESTREL>
Subject: phone loggers
cc: king at KESTREL
Is there any device "out there" that monitors the line and
logs phone numbers dialed, connections made or not made, and call
durations?
People who are suspicious about their phone bills ought to be
able to get one of these (for approximately the price of a printing
calculator) and plug it into their phone line. This may become
especially important when there is "local metering".
Dick
------------------------------
Date: 16 Feb 83 8:18:33 EST (Wed)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@Brl-Bmd.ARPA>
cc: cmoore@Brl-Bmd.ARPA
Subject: miscellanea
There are some services available to pushbutton-phone users, including
some bank stuff and after-hours recorded messages from IRS. (I have
rotary dial, and I don't do enough of these at this time to justify
pushbutton.)
Area code 619 was being enforced by last night. (I.e., no more use of
714 for that area.)
What high-volume services would be available for someone who works
outside of his residence's local area and has to make some personal
calls from work back there?
------------------------------
Date: 18 Feb 83 7:36:35 EST (Fri)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@Brl-Bmd.ARPA>
cc: cmo 9-Mar-83 15:29:35-PST,14508;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 9-Mar-83 15:28:40
Date: 9 Mar 1983 1528-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #13
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Tuesday, 10 March 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 13
Today's Topics: OCC Parity With ATT
Japanese Phone Question
Star Set/Plantronix
NYC Area Code Split
Basic Telephone Sales
Request For Info - Functional PBX
Fun With Cordless Phones & California Vacuum Cleaners
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun Feb 27 1983 20:18:06-PST
From: Dave Siegel <vortex!dave.lbl-csam@UDel-TCP
Return-Path: <vortex!dave@LBL-CSAM.ARPA>
Subject: OCC PARITY WITH ATT
A friend of mine who works for one of the large independent telcos in
the area recently gave me some interesting details pertaining to the
way TSPS will be handling the effects of the consent decree. As you
may have heard, ATT Long Lines and the Operating Companies are to be
separated. OCCs such as MCI, Sprint (GTE), WU, ITT and countless
others to come must be given equal access to the Long Distance
Business. The way this is going to be handled is as follows:
Instead of dialing 1 + NPA + NNX + XXXX for a Long Distance
call you may dial 10 + (Carrier Code) + NPA + NNX + XXXX.
The Carrier Code will be a two digit number assigned to the common
carriers doing business in your area. If you dial 1 + instead of 10 +
the call will be routed via the default carrier. The default carrier
will be Longlines but it might be whoever the customer assigns as
default.
ANI information from TSPS will be forwarded to the common carrier for
billing. I wonder what happens when you dial through a common carrier
you don't have an account with? Or maybe you won't need and account.
I wonder if one will be able to choose which common carrier will be
used on a Calling Card call? I imagine that OCCs like MCI will
embrace this type of network connection since it will lessen the fraud
associated with stolen account numbers.
I wonder if the OCCs will be able to handle the load. It will be
harder to blame the local telco for a bad access line like they do
now. What will be the new excuse for being billed for a call
completed? Previously the cop out was that the OCCs couldn't get the
supervision information from the terminating central office. We will
have to wait to find out.
Dave
------------------------------
Date: 28 Feb 1983 at 1226-PST
Reply-To: dan at SRI-TSC
Subject: Japanese phone question
From: dan at SRI-TSC
I saw an interesting phone at a local antique (aka "junk") show. It
was an old, black, desk-style dial telephone, made by "NEC". There
were no markings on it other than the NEC logo on the underside of the
handset and on the body. And some handwritten Japanese pictograms on
the paper insert in the middle of the dial. It looked like it might
have been 10 or 20 years old, had an interesting "cup" around the
microphone apparently for ambient noise reduction, and had three wires
to attach it to the phone network. Two bells were visible through the
holes in the bottom.
Anyone know anything about Japan's phone network, and especially
whether I could ever get this beast to work with Ma Bell? Or would it
be cheaper and easier to just strip the insides and put in new
workings?
Please reply to "dan@sri-tsc" -- I'm not on this list. Thanks!
-Dan (dan@sri-tsc)
------------------------------
Date: 28 Feb 1983 1556-EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS>
Subject: Plantronix, etc.
Sigh. They still want $163.60 for the StarSet. Does anyone know of a
cheaper source of these things? I'd love to replace my old black
over-the- head klunker.
_H*
------------------------------
Date: 2 February 1983 15:42 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Basic Telephone Sales
cc: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Refering to Washington Post, 2/2/83:
The C & P Telephone Co asked permission yesterday to sell basic
telephone equipment to residential and one-line business customers in
the District of Columbia and Virginia. Prices would be the same as
those now charged in Maryland, where equipment sales to customers
began Jan. 13, a company representative said.
The proposal, which is an outgrowth of the government-ordered
reorganzation of the company, includes three basic types of telephones
in both rotary dial and Touch-Tone: the standard desk or wall set,
Trimline phones and Princess sets. Prices for equipment sold from
inventory would range from $34.95 to $74.95, according to the
petition.
Prices for equipment on customer premises would be discounted during
first 90 days of the sale, ranging from $19.95 to $54.95. After the
sale, this equipment would be increased by $15 to $20 for each
instrument, the company said.
C & P asked the Virginia State Corporation Commission to allow the
plan to take effect March 2. In the District, the effective date of
the plan would be set by the Public Service Commission. C & P
officials pointed out that customers who don't want to buy equipment
would be able to continue leasing.
<Contributor's Note: If any customer is to buy, he is to be advised to
buy any Touch-Tone instrument since rotary dial will become obsolote
for future features on telephone services. Also, any of you have
similar announcement in your state? Are such price ranges same ?
<LJ>>
------------------------------
Date: 2 Mar 83 15:19:13 EST (Wed)
From: smb.mhb5b at UDel-TCP
Subject: NYC area code split
Full-Name: Steven M. Bellovin
The local politicians in New York are very upset about the forthcoming
area code split (into 212 and 718). Many, especially those in
Brooklyn and Queens, feel that the image of their boroughs as part of
the city will be hurt by this; some are complaining that the phone
company shouldn't be allowed to do this without regulatory assent, and
are talking about getting legislation passed to block the split....
Tell me -- did this kind of nonsense go in California, too?
--Steve Bellovin
------------------------------
Date: 4 Mar 83 15:16:57 EST (Fri)
From: Robert Shnidman (VLD/VMB) <robert@Brl-Bmd.ARPA>
Subject: Request for info
Can anyone tell me about the availability, sources of supply,
and/or costs of a small PBX system with the following capability:
An outside caller can call in to the system and then by giving a
code avail himself to a special outgoing trunk (such as a WATS line)
from the PBX. Please use computer mail to me directly as I am not
on the net. Thanks.
P. S. A source for information on the above would also
be appreciated, if the information is not at hand.
------------------------------
Date: 27 Feb 1983 1733-PST
Sender: GEOFF at SRI-CSL
Subject: Fun with Cordless Phones & California vacuum cleaners.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-To: Geoff at SRI-CSL
n083 1726 11 Feb 83
BC-CORDLESS 2takes
(Art en route to picture clients)
By PETER KERR
c. 1983 N.Y. Times News Service
NEW YORK - As the telephone industry in the United States changes
and more people buy their own phones, cordless models, which allow
users to wander as they speak, are capturing the fancy of a growing
number of Americans. As many as 2.4 million sets may be sold in 1983,
according to an industry source. Consumers, distributors and
manufacturers tell tales of both electronic wizardry and electronic
woe.
Lawyers describe the deals they arranged while basking on the
beach. Mothers recount the calls they answer while feeding their
babies. However, technology buffs repeat rumors about cordless
telephone raiders - criminals who are said to prowl suburban roads in
search of dial tones that enable them to place long-distance calls.
Some owners complain of interference from household appliances and the
cordless phones of neighbors.
In one case last year, according to the GTE Corp., a California
vacuum cleaner dialed a nearby cordless telephone by generating
electrical impulses through the house wiring. This caused chagrin in
the offices of the local phone company, a GTE subsidiary, and surprise
in the home of the physician who owned the two appliances.
''There were some problems that had to be worked out, but they are
being solved,'' said Robert L. Petkun, vice president in charge of
marketing for Phone-Mate Inc. of Torrance, Calif., one of several
dozen companies that distribute cordless phones. ''Business now is
somewhere between fabulous and amazing.''
The cordless telephone's attraction, those who deal in them say,
is that owners need not miss a call while they are in the garden, at
poolside or even in the bathtub. The product is also a boon to
invalids in wheelchairs and to the elderly who cannot rush to a
ringing phone.
Petkun said that on the basis of a mail survey of 40,000
households made by Industrial Market Research, a Chicago concern,
sales of cordless phones grew from 50,000 in 1980 to slightly more
than a million in 1982, with 700,000 sold in the last three months of
the year. Petkun predicted that 2.4 million units would be sold in
1983.
Spokesman for other companies dealing in telephone equipment,
while offering different sales figures - some higher, some lower -
agreed that the product had experienced dramatic growth in the last
two years and foresaw a potential market of more than 20 million
households, second only to conventional phones. Seventy-nine million
American households have phones.
''The cordless phones are virtually a sellout in PhoneCenters
across the country,'' said Charles Wright, a spokesman for American
Bell, the new subsidiary of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co.,
which operates 461 retail telephone stores that offer three cordless
models.
'This year cordless phones are taking off,'' said Peggy Odenbach,
telephone editor of Mart Magazine, a consumer electronics publication.
''With the deregulation of the telephone industry, people see they can
buy their own phones, and cordless phones are catching their eyes.''
Cordless telephones come in two parts, a base station and a
handset, that communicate byradio waves. The base station, which is
attached to the regular telephone circuit by a jack, runs on household
current. A rechargeable battery operates the handset, which, except
for those with antennas, looks like a regular telephone receiver and
can be clipped on or, in smaller models, slipped into a pocket. The
handset can receive and place telephone calls at ranges of 50 to 700
feet (700 feet is the maximum under Federal Communications Commission
regulations) depending on the model. Most are manufactured abroad and
they generally range in price from $100 to $400. Extra handsets may be
added.
''I sit on a gorgeous beach and look at the Pacific Ocean while I
do business,'' said Robert Rifkind, a Los Angeles lawyer whose base
station is plugged into his seaside home.
In Washington, Walter Sommers, proprietor of the Fourways
Restaurant, a converted four-story 1890s mansion, had contemplated
installing 40 jacks so that patrons could have telephone service at
their tables. ''We bought two cordless telephone units instead,'' he
said. ''They were less expensive and, it seemed, more luxurious.''
In Manhattan, Victoria Horstmann, a free-lance writer, was worried
about her infant son's habit of rummaging through closets and drawers
while she was on the phone. A cordless phone relieved her fears that
she might lose track of the child or miss an editor's call. ''There's
only one problem,'' Mrs. Horstmann said. ''Sometimes the phone will
ring and nobody's on the line.''
Her complaint underlines the cordless-phone industry's problem.
Someone in an apartment near Mrs. Horstmann may also have a cordless
phone operating on the same frequency. Mrs. Horstmann could probably
exchange her unit for one that operates on a slightly different
frequency or channel. But the FCC allows only five channels for
cordless phones, which means that any two neighbors have a 1-in-5
chance of interfering with each other. If large numbers of units are
sold to people in apartment houses or closely situated private homes,
owners of cordless phones may find themselves picking up neighbors'
rings or conversations more and more.
The Electronic Industries Association, a trade group, has asked
the FCC for at least 25 channels to alleviate the problem, but the
agency is not expected to grant act until late this year at the
earliest.
Channels are not the only difficulty. In theory, at least, it is
possible to drive through a neighborhood with a handset until a dial
tone is heard and make long-distance calls that would be billed to the
cordless phone's owner. While talk of such ''telephone raiders'' is
heard among the electronically sophisticated, their existence is
difficult to substantiate.
''Such thievery may have happened in the past, but I don't think
it is happening now,'' said Sydney Bradfield, an electronics engineer
with the FCC's Office of Science and Technology. Noting that some
newer models employ coded signals to prevent such abuse, he added:
''The FCC feels that the technology has really increased the security
of the products. It is not a major problem.''
A problem does arise when certain motorized household appliances
are plugged into the same electrical system as a cordless phone,
affecting it by electromagnetic impulses. In a case last year, the
General Telephone Co. of California discovered that ''bizarre
numbers'' were being dialed every Thursday morning from the home of a
physician in Banning, Calif. According to Tom Mattausch, a spokesman
for GTE, the house, where an early model of the cordless telephone was
in use, was vacuum-cleaned then. ''The vacuum cleaner never succeeded
in placing a phone call,'' Mattausch said, ''but it sure made them
curious at the central office.''
nyt-02-11-83 2038est
***************
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
14-Mar-83 15:51:48-PST,9482;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 14-Mar-83 15:50:54
Date: 14 Mar 1983 1550-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #14
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Tuesday, 15 March 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 14
Today's Topics: PBX Dial-Through
Local Charges; Ring-Then-Busy
10+ Long Distance Dialing
FYI - MCI To Purchase 150,000 Km Of Single-Mode Fiber
Usage Sensitive Pricing Of Telephone Service (Organizations)
Measured Local Service (Again)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 10 Mar 1983 0919-PST
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
To: robert@BRL-BMD
Subject: PBX dial-through
Most PBX systems offer a feature called DISA (Direct Inward System
Access or some call it Direct Inward Station Access). In any case,
such a service usually uses something like the following scenario:
Caller: Dials in
DISA: Answers into dial-tone
Caller: Enters special code
If the code is invalid, an error tone is played.
If it is valid, another dial-tone is played and the caller is given
complete control of a 'station', perhaps analogous to a PTY device.
Some systems allow a special sequence of touch-tones to dump the
outgoing call, or another to flash the 'switchhook'.
Information on this type of service can most often be obtained from
the PBX manufacturer.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 10 Mar 83 14:11:43 EST (Thu)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld.arpa>
Subject: local charges; ring-then-busy
The following pertains to earlier discussions on message-unit plans in
general.
TODAY'S TOPIC: A Plan to 'Measure' Local Telephone Calls
WASHINGTON - Despite the resistance of consumer groups and state
regulators, telephone companies across the country are trying to apply
their long-distance pricing procedures to local phone service. Local
calls would be ''measured'' or billed on the basis of time-of-day,
day-of-week, the length of a call and distance - just like
long-distance.
Also, how's this grab you? I tried a local call in Delaware last nite
to 302-658 exchange (ESS), got at most 1 ringing signal, and then it
clicked over to the (slow) busy signal! The operator I called said it
indicated some full circuits (a condition I would expect to get
fast-busy) after trying the call himself. (The line I was calling was
clear, as was verified.)
[I have seen this before. In some situations ESS will do this when
it needs more time to actually do the verification, such as in a hunt
group of more than 50 lines. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 10 Mar 1983 14:33:42-??? (Thursday)
From: rsi!forrest%Shasta@SU-SCORE
Subject: 10+ Long distance dialing
Of course, what would be extremely powerfull from a consumers point of
view would be the ability to specify a carrier code which specifies an
"auction" is to take place, and that the call is to be placed via the
lowest cost carrier based upon a estimate of the number of minutes the
call will take.
Forrest Howard
------------------------------
Date: 11-Mar-83 00:27 PST
From: WBD.TYM@OFFICE-3
Subject: FYI - MCI to purchase 150,000 km of Single-Mode Fiber
Under an agreement announced early in February, Siecor of Hickory,
N.C., will supply 150,000 km of cabled single-mode optical fiber to
MCI Communications. Corning Glass Works, Wilmington, N.C. will supply
the fiber. The transaction, estimated at $75-100 million, is the
largest domestic single-mode cable order, according to Siecor. The
contract announcement came three weeks after Northern Telecom
disclosed it would provide 100,000 km of cabled single-mode fiber to
MCI.
====================================================
I have sent the above item for the readership's speculation on MCI
entry into the use of fiber optic technologies. --Bill
------------------------------
Date: Sat Mar 12 1983 20:18:36-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@lbl-csam>
Subject: Usage Sensitive Pricing of Telephone Service (Organizations)
I've recently received some queries about the various organizations
involved in both sides of the telephone "Usage Sensitive Pricing"
issue.
Outside of the telcos themselves, there are various telephone industry
groups involved with the pro-usage-sensitive side of the question.
The interested reader should investigate the last few years of
"Telephone Engineering and Management" magazine for more details.
On the other side of the issue, the only organization I know of that
takes the "consumer" viewpoint on telephone rate proposals (in
California) is called T.U.R.N. (Toward Utility Rate Normalization). I
believe they are a very small and understaffed group -- I'm not sure
how effective they can be or have been. They're based in the S.F. Bay
area.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 13 March 1983 1802-mst
From: Paul Schauble <Schauble @ M.PCO.LISD.HIS>
Subject: Measured local service (again)
This argument occurred to me while preparing a paper on another
subject. I would appreciate comments both on the technical accuracy
of the description and on the validity of the viewpoint.
I am now typing this note on my home terminal. It is an Ann Arbor
Ambassador connected to a Honeywell Multics at 1200 baud using Vadic
data sets. I am typing at about 40 words/minute or 4 characters/sec.
Of course, with stopping to think, my average is only about half that.
Host responses are minimal. I have previously estimated that the
AVERAGE bandwidth I use for an editing session is less than 300 baud,
half duplex equivalent. Let's take that number for discussion.
So, I have a 300 bps stream coming out of my terminal and going to my
data set. It is there converted to analog audio, constant carrier,
bandwidth about 400 to 4000 cps. That goes by dedicated wire pair to
my central office.
At the central office, an ESS system, my signal gets digitized into
two 56000 uni-directional bit streams. The reasoning behind this is
that the phone call is expected to be voice and full duplex. The
characteristics of voice are well known. Normally only one person
speaks at a time. There are often pauses where neither person is
speaking. To conserve channel capacity, TPC will multiplex these
digital channels using a technique very like packet voice. I will lose
my channel whenever I stop speaking and that bandwidth will be given
to someone else. So, of this total 112000 bps capacity, a normal voice
call will use notably less than half.
None of this multiplexing works for data calls! My data set never stop
sending carrier, therefore the line is never silent and I never get
switched off of my channel. Same for the other direction. Those two
channels are mine full time, so my load is several times that of a
voice call.
My signal is sent to the central office serving my computer using this
technique. The channels used are computer quality high-speed data
channels with error control.
At the receiving central office, my signal is switched and converted
back to analog audio. This goes by dedicated wire pair to the computer
center, where it is received by a modem and converted back to a 300
baud digital data stream and sent to a computer.
So, to send an effective 300 baud, I am dedicating two 56000 baud
channels or 112000 baud, and operating at a .268% efficiency. In other
words, I am buying almost 400 times the bandwidth I need.
Is there a better way? Yes. TPC has even test marketed it. Using the
better way, I get a digital connection into my house and connect my
terminal to it. My data is then carried by well known packed data
techniques to the computer center where it is given to the computer in
digital form, having never been encoded into analog audio. I have a
box replacing my modem that provides line drivers and line control.
This should be a wash in all respects, since I don't think this box
would be any more expensive than the modem I presently have. Nor
should the local loop be any more expensive than a second telephone
line.
I am personally very convinced that this is going to happen, probably
within the next 10 years. Already TPC is talking about it. Several
cable TV firms are talking about it. It will happen.
Now, what does this have to do with measured service? Just this. My
data call is a heavy load on the phone system. Data calls have long
holding times and a heavy channel load. Data calls are one of the
major targets of local measured service. TPC wants me to pay for what
I use.
Or do they? No, they want me to pay for 400 times what I use. If I
could get the direct digital connection I described, and reach my
computer using it, and get charged by character or by packet like
Tymnet or Telenet does, I would happily buy it. In the meantime, since
TPC won't sell me that service, they are saying I must use 400 times
the service I need or want, by their choice, not mine, and then pay
for it.
And to that, I object vigorously.
Comments?
Paul Schauble
Schauble at MIT-Multics
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
15-Mar-83 19:54:25-PST,2981;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 15-Mar-83 19:53:57
Date: 15 Mar 1983 1953-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #15
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 16 March 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 15
Today's Topics:
MCI Fiber Optics Purchase
GTE "Demon Dialer"
Direct Digital Connections
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 14 Mar 83 20:35:53 EST
From: Chuck Weinstock <Weinstock%TARTAN-20@CMU-CS-C>
Subject: MCI Fiber optics purchase
It is common knowledge (at least among rail buffs) that MCI intends to
string circuits utilizing fiber optics along the northeast corridor
right of way owned by Amtrak, as well as along the right of way of CSX
(a railroad holding company whose properties are in the Southeast,
Northeast and Midwest. They intend to shift substantial traffic from
microwaves to these channels. The railroads will share usage for
their internal signalling needs.
------------------------------
Date: 14 Mar 83 17:56:59 PST (Monday)
From: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: GTE "Demon Dialer"
cc: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Didn't we just have this big discussion about how MCI, Sprint, etc.,
can't distinguish between busy, no answer, and call completion, until
they get TSPS supervision, or whatever it's called? Then how come
this month with my General Telephone phone bill I get a brochure
pushing their "Demon Dialer":
"$99.95
- Stores up to 93 phone#s, up to 55 of up to 32 digits.
- Listens for and detects both dial tones and computer access tones.
- Redials busy numbers repeatedly at high speed until it hears the phone
ring!
- Automatically redials unanswered numbers every 10 minutes for up to
10 hours!
- Plugs into any modular jack in seconds.
order toll-free 1-800-352-5151"
Is this a total crock or what?
--Bruce
------------------------------
Date: 14 March 1983 2320-mst
From: Paul Schauble <Schauble @ M.PCO.LISD.HIS>
Reply-to: Schauble%M.PCO.LISD.HIS@MIT-Multics
Subject: Direct digital connections
My last message contained the observation that someday soon we could
expect direct digital connections into the telephone network for home
computers and terminals. The basic argument is that using an analog
audio channel to carry a low rate data stream is too inefficient and
too expensive.
So, any thoughts on when this will happen? When will I be able to get
a direct digital connection to a nationwide switched network from my
home at a cost comparable to that of a second voice line? Guesses?
Also, what will that connection look like? Does anyone have any reason
to think that it won't be X.25?
Paul
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
16-Mar-83 22:00:43-PST,6959;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 16-Mar-83 21:59:31
Date: 16 Mar 1983 2159-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #16
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Friday, 18 March 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 16
Today's Topics:
Ringback Detection And Home Data Services
Test Market For Digital Access Line
Slow Digital Connection Pricing
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 15 Mar 83 21:32 PST (Tuesday)
From: DMRussell.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Tapping into TPC's digital transmissions
To: Paul Schauble <Schauble@M.PCO.LISD.HIS.ARPA>
Your observations about the planned analog/digital extortion seem
exactly right to me. I know of one company in Upstate New York that
was (they just went bankrupt because of inadequate capitalization)
planning on providing exactly the service you were asking about.
They were planning on bringing digital right from the CO into your
home or business and vice-versa. This seems possible in Rochester NY
because Rochester Telephone is a private company and is small enough
to convince about these things.
In talking with the president of the (ex)company, I also discovered
that a few other businesses are planning on doing similar things on
the scale of PBXs rather than entire regions.
Any other rumors?
-- Dan --
------------------------------
Date: Tue Mar 15 1983 21:18:11-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@lbl-csam>
Return-Path: <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM.ARPA>
Subject: Ringback Detection and Home Data Services
A couple of points regarding issues in recent digests:
1) Quite a few modern telephone devices can detect a steady dialtone,
and some can even "attempt" to detect the rhythmic ringing tone,
particularly where ESS precision ringback tone is present.
Some devices even attempt to determine when voice signals are
present on the line.
However, most such detection systems (with the exception of
dialtone detection, which is pretty simple) are "hit or miss" in
nature, and may not represent a "chargeable" call in any case.
Calls may be answered before enough tone has been present to
establish the presence of a ringback sequence, or calls may "ring"
into various sorts of recorded announcements. The Special
Information Tones that eventually will be present on most
recordings (three tones at the start of the message) will help this
situation a bit, but problems will still exist.
For a cheapo dialer mechanism, simple detection techniques may be
adequate. They are not sufficient for "common carriers" who are
actually charging people for long distance services. Of course,
their current techniques, which mainly consist of charging for all
calls that last longer than 30-60 seconds or so, is even worse!
2) I wouldn't sit around holding my breath for "cheap" home data
services. Without going into too much detail, there seem to really
only be two "data" oriented services that would be installable in
homes in the near to middle future:
a) Very low bandwidth signalling systems -- mainly for burglar/
fire alarm purposes.
b) Expensive packet data connections (e.g. into the "AIS" network).
These services are very much oriented toward businesses with LOTS
of data to move. They are not cheap. I know of no current plans
to offer any "inexpensive" data services of the sort the "home"
user might desire or could afford.
I might add that comparing data service cost with the "cost of a
second voice grade line" may not be a terrific comparison -- the
way things are going, that simple voice line will soon no longer be
"inexpensive", at least not in comparison to current rates.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 16 March 1983 13:32 EST
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #15
Beginning in the summer of 1983, residents of Coral Gables Florida
will be able to get a digital access line in their homes which
provides a 4.8 kbps data link to a packet switch. The protocol on the
data link will be a version of the X.25 link protocol called LAPC,
proposed by AT&T
There will be a telco owned box which sits on the user's premises and
mediates between the user's CPE and the access link. This box will
probably present an RS 232 interface or an X.21 style interface to the
user.
How long it will take for this service to be available everywhere is
anyone's guess. Probably 7-10 years.
Starting in 1986 you may be able to get a digital interface which
provides both circuit switched and packet switched service at data
rates up to 64 kbps. Again, that will come in very slowly, not being
available everywhere beforethe year 2000.
------------------------------
Date: 16 Mar 1983 0822-PST
From: Richard M. King <KING at KESTREL>
Subject: slow digital connection pricing
cc: KING at KESTREL
It doesn't seem likely to me that a digital connection to a
subscriber for the purpose of carrying low speed traffic is likely in
the near future. Without adequate knowledge I surmise that most of
the cost of a phone number is the cost of the wire and of the port
into the switching system, and that much of the cost of maintaining a
connection is a fraction of the cost of making the switching system
not block for N connections. As the average amount of time per month
used by a subscriber increases N must increase. None of this relates
to the bit rate. (It is possible to envision a device that will
switch low-speed calls at a slightly lower cost than a full audio
quality signal, but it's hard to see how it would be much cheaper.
Yes, I realize that a "connection" is actually multiplexed in ESS, but
I still doubt that there is much money to be saved by lowering the bit
rate.)
Switching and bandwidth (within a building) are reasonably
cheap these days; it seems to me that providing a low-cost
low-bit-rate connection would be similar to designing an electric
clock to use 2.5 watts instead of the usual five in order to save
electricity.
It DOES strike me a likely that phone companies will offer a
digital connection that comes closer to using the full capabilities of
the channels; say 19.2KB or even 56KB. It would then become possible
for private multiplexor companies to grow up in industrial parks and
large buildings. Does anyone know how much of the long distance
network is digital?
The possibility of usage charges for local phone service makes
packet radio sound really attractive. Regional Ethernet over the
airwaves, anyone?
Dick
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
23-Mar-83 19:48:36-PST,11348;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 23-Mar-83 19:47:14
Date: 23 Mar 1983 1947-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #17
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 24 March 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 17
Today's Topics:
Digital Service Into The Home
Home Digital Data Services
KP FWD And RING FWD, Anyone?
Phone Company Line Utilization : Voice VS. Data
Why Go Measured? - Fewer Interruptions
DEMON Dialer(r)
Slow Digital Connection pricing
Query Re Modem-Less Data Communication
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 16 Mar 83 23:07:10 PST (Wed)
From: sun!gnu (John Gilmore)
Full-Name: John Gilmore
Subject: Digital service into the home
I recently got a report of hearings held by the Senate Committee on
Commerce, Science and Transportation. The chairman, Bob Packwood of
Oregon, wants to extend First Amendment protection to electronic
media, including broadcast TV, cable, radio, as well as e.g.
Washington Post on Teletext. Part of the argument is that spectrum
space is not the scarce resource it was originally thought to be. In
that vein the committee heard testimony from various people, one of
whom was Dr. Solomon J. Buchsbaum, executive VP of Bell Labs. Two
paragraphs of his testominy relate to digital phone connections to
homes:
"Although services such as this [digital voice, fax, video,
etc -- JCG] are not yet widely available, the technology to provide
them exists. Their deployment awaits market opportunities and the
availability of capital.
"In 1970, about 40 million of the 60 million lines in the Bell
System could have supported 56 kilobits/second digital capability,
and, in 1980, 50 million lines. By 1990, it is expected that as many
as 110 million of an expected 130 million lines will have access to 56
or 64 kilobits/second capability."
Oops, there's one earlier relevant paragraph:
"Today's integrated circuit technology is making it economical
to place electronics in the local loop -- the pair of wires connecting
the telephone subscriber to the telephone company's switching center.
The introduction of electronics leads to exciting new capabilities
through the use of digital carrier facilities, similar to T-carrier,
in the loop. Originally, digital systems were used to reduce the
number of physical wire pairs required to serve several customers; now
they also provide the means to bring digital transmission directly to
the customer premises."
You, too, can get this report by writing to: Senate Committee on
Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Washington DC 20510 and asking
for the hearings on "Electronic Media and the First Amendment".
There's a lot of interesting reading in there.
John Gilmore, Sun Microsystems
------------------------------
Date: Thu Mar 17 1983 22:19:00-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@lbl-csam>
Return-Path: <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM.ARPA>
Subject: home digital data services
Just to clarify the issue -- there are certainly a few home digital
data "testbeds" that will be appearing in the near future. However, I
don't believe that any of these are being realistically priced, and so
I'll stand by my statement that when data services become generally
available, they will be priced for businesses with substantial data
needs, not the home user.
Regardless of what the companies may claim, testbed services are
almost never priced in a realistic manner and are usually heavily
subsidized by the company conducting the "tests".
---
Regarding radio techniques: there are a number of companies planning
to offer radio-based data services, mostly using MDS and other
microwave technologies. All of the plans that I have seen to date are
oriented toward businesses with lotsa bucks.
There isn't one hell of alot of spectrum left for services that could
be implemented with relatively inexpensive equipment. Ham radio
packet radio is fine for non-commercial use -- but this does NOT
include calling into your work computer for a couple of hours of
programming, and there are other restrictions as well. Cellular radio
techniques present some possibilities, but I don't think the current
implementations being planned include general purpose data services of
the sort we'd probably desire.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 18 Mar 83 19:06:53 PST (Fri)
From: D.jlapsley@Berkeley
Subject: KP FWD and RING FWD, anyone?
I was looking at the keyshelf (keyboard) layout of the 100B TSPS
console in the book "Engineering and Operations in the Bell System,"
and I noticed some interesting keys. There is a KP FWD and KP BACK
key, which corresponds to keypulse forward and back, respectively.
However, there are also some keys labeled RING FWD and RING BACK.
What is the difference between KP FWD and RING FWD? It is my
understanding that RING BACK will cause you phone to ring if it is
pressed and you are "in" the operator's position. More than that, if
you pick up the phone while it is ringing, you hear a 90V ringing
signal across the line. Very strange. Any ideas?
Phil Lapsley
(d.jlapsley@Berkeley)
------------------------------
Date: 20 March 1983 16:11 EST
From: Doug Humphrey <DIGEX @ MIT-AI>
Subject: Phone Company line utilization : Voice VS. Data
I was reading something a while ago re: the way that the Telephone co.
multiplexes voice. When using a Bell 103 style modem, you do not use
any more channel space than a voice conversation does (as implied).
Bell operating companies (them that were) do not multiplex anything!!!
All local exchanges are direct cut-through be they ESS or crunch-bar.
[Don't forget Step-By-Step! --JSol] AT&T long lines does not stat mux
the voice either, they use freq. division multiplexing (on analog
lines yet!). The only digital multiplexing is done on tT1/T1c/T2/T3
channel banks, which are usually used for span lines. And these are
straight TDM, not statistical mux'ed.
For long distance services such as MCI and SPRINT, the gentleman is
correct, as they commonly use STATISTICALY MUX'ED HALFDUPLEX. This is
because they don't have the channel space of Long Lines, and they
don't even claim to be able to carry voice with any degree of clarity.
As for digital local transmission, this is a great idea, but it has no
plot. Most local phone companies (and all Bell companies) do not have
digital switches, so they have to install special equipment for
digital (and you need a DSU (digital service unit) at the subscriber
end for interface). As an example, a digital line (DDS) from Rosslyn,
Va. to Rockville, Md (12 air miles) follows this path: Subscriber to
local central office 4 wire (3 wire miles) central office to
Arlington, Va. service center (4 wire miles) Service center to Wash,
D.C. data hub (6 wire miles) Wash. D.C. data hub to Maryland data hub
(10 wire miles) Maryland data hub to Rockville central office (4 wire
miles) Rockville central office to subscriber (4 wire miles).
All of these lines are 4 wire because digital signals cannot go two
ways on one pair at the same time (unlike analog signals). this line
travels 31 wire miles for 12 air miles, and costs $437.68 per month
plus a gross^ ammount for installation. An equivalent private analog
line (3002 type circuit c2 conditioning) is only $240 per month and 24
wire miles, and both types of lines will support 9600 bps data.
I am sorry for the long message, but I thought that this needed
clarification.
Carl Zwanzig [CZWANZIG @ DIGEX] via DIGEX @ MIT-DMS
Fred Bauer TROLL @ MIT-ML
Doug Humphrey DIGEX @ MIT-DMS
------------------------------
Date: 20 Mar 1983 at 1354-PST (Sunday)
From: tekmdp!laurir.Tektronix@Rand-Relay
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #6
Why the concern about "volunteer community service groups"? If a
measured rate system will decrease the number of times my dinner is
interrupted because someone wants to sell me light bulbs, I'm all for
it!
-- Andrew Klossner (laurir.tektronix@rand-relay)
------------------------------
Date: 22 Mar 1983 1118-PST
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Subject: DEMON Dialer(r)
I just received the latest North Supply catalog update, and it
contained a description of the DEMON Dialer. Since somebody already
printed such a description, I won't type in the whole thing. Knowing
even a little about telephone systems and the way they operate, many
of us suspected that there was something they weren't telling us about
this device. On the one hand, they say it installs at any modular
jack position, and on the other, that it will operate with all the
phones in the house.
This dialer features easy modular installations. @i{If dialer
control of all phones in a home or office is desired, series
installation is required.}
That is a quote from the north catalog description. This would
indicate to me that the product may actually work; not be a crock, but
I suspect it will do something like the following:
I pick up the phone and hear a C/O dialtone. I dial a DEMON Dialer
speed dialing code. The dialer seizes the line from me, hangs it up,
and redials the number connecting me when it is done. Not too bad,
but perhaps a little slow. I still like my ESS-provided speed
calling.
The device is made by ZOOM Telephonics, North Catalog numbers:
S-450496......................Model 93H DEMON Dialer, Tone
S-450495.......Model 176T DEMON Dialer W/Series Jack, Tone
I don't have their prices yet.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 23 March 1983 04:00 est
From: Frankston.SoftArts at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: Re: slow digital connection pricing
Reply-To: Frankston at MIT-MULTICS (Bob Frankston)
Videotex is the most likely motivating force for Telco to provide
digital connections. But then it might instead by the local cable
company. The question is whether these services will be so tuned for
the videotex offering that they will be useless otherwise. It is also
unclear whether Videotex is viable given that most service I have read
about a so meager compared to what is already available in the
computers sold at toy stores.
------------------------------
Date: 23 Mar 83 07:47:33 PST (Wed)
From: npois!npoiv!harpo!ihps3!ihuxx!robert1@Berkeley
Subject: Query re Modem-less data comm
Postmark: Robert.L.Duncan-55242 -ih6c520
Postdate: Wed Mar 23 09:30:40 1983
Does anyone know of products/techniques providing modemless
communication from the terminal interface? I seem to recall a company
that provides a system to do this, but I can't recall the
name/technique. Perhaps I saw it mentioned in bell.compete?
Please send guesses/pointers to:
Robert Duncan
ihuxx!robert1
Bell Labs, Naperville IL
Winners will be announced by net mail.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
25-Mar-83 21:35:40-PST,3037;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 25-Mar-83 21:34:55
Date: 25 Mar 1983 2134-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #18
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Saturday, 26 March 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 18
Today's Topics: Telex-ing
Reply: Phone Company Line Utilization : Voice Vs. Data
Why 56kbit AND 64kbit -- Trivia Question Answered
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue Mar 22 16:33:14 1983
Subject: Telex-ing
We are interested in the possibility of sending and receiving
telex material under Unix. Any ideas? Would it be possible to use a
telex link under uucp? Would it be possible/legal to forward FYI
information on USENET?
P. Tucker Withington
Automatix Incorporated
...decvax!genradbolton!linus!vaxine!ptw
(617) 667-7900 x2044
------------------------------
Date: 24 Mar 1983 0940-PST
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Subject: Re: Phone company line utilization : Voice vs. Data
Please refer to the following:
1. Brady, P. T., "A technique for investigating onn-off patterns
of speech", Bell System Technical Journal XLIV, (1), January 1965,
pp 1-22
2. Miedema & Schachtman, "TASI quality - Effect of speech detectors
and interpolation", Bell System Technical Journal, July 1962, pp
1455-1473
These documents describe the work done to develop the TASI (Time
Assignment Speech Interpolation) technique now widely in use on medium
and long distance carriers. It DOES stastically multiplex!
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 25 Mar 83 01:55:43 PST (Fri)
From: sun!gnu@Berkeley (John Gilmore)
Subject: Why 56kbit AND 64kbit -- trivia question answered
Talking to a phoney friend (Bell Labs PBX designer) last night he
mentioned the reason that both 56kbit and 64kbit capacities keep
getting tossed around.
When the T-1 carrier was designed they had so much bandwidth
available. They divided it up into X channels of 64Kbits each. (He
told me X but I forget.) They had some extra bandwidth for
synchronization and such outside this allocation. Well, later in the
project they realized that they needed a leetle more synchronization
-- so they stole the low- order bit of every 6th channel! Rather than
transmitting 8-bit samples at 8k samples/sec they were transmitting
7-bit samples for a total of 7*8k bits/sec. So, as your call goes
thru various T-1 facilities, it has a 5-in-6 chance of getting thru
with all 8 bits, and a 1-in-6 chance of dropping the low bit. The
more sites the call goes thru, of course, the more certain the
dropping. But look on the bright side...unlike analog, once the bit
is gone the situation never gets worse no matter HOW many sites you go
thru...
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
1-Apr-83 08:39:16-PST,16631;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 1-Apr-83 08:38:31
Date: 1 Apr 1983 0838-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #19
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Saturday, 2 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 19
Today's Topics: Clarification - Stat Muxing
Product Info - DEMON Dialer(r)
Pricing Query - Telex And TWX
Telephone Purchase Prices--Washington
Query Reply - Some TSPS info
Verfication Of Third Number Calls From Public Phones
FCC Ruling Info - Access Charges
Technical Query - Multi-Device Hookups
Response Query - Access Fees
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 26 Mar 1983 1048-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Stat muxing
AT&T uses stat muxing exclusively on undersea cable. It is not used
anywhere in the domestic network.
Articles in the Bell Labs publications do not mean that the technology
described is in use in the network. The phone company implements its
systems in the real world, under real world marketing considerations.
The equipment to do TASI is not cost effective on terrestrial
circuits.
Newer TASI equipment is now available which makes it cost effective
for END-USERS to use TASI over leased circuits. This is usually only
the case for very long haul (e.g. Massachusetts to Colorado or Puerto
Rico) where the TARIFFED price of the circuit makes the circuit much
more expensive than the cost to the carrier to provide the service.
------------------------------
Date: 24 March 1983 00:09 EST
From: Mitch Wolrich <MITCHW @ MIT-MC>
Subject: DEMON Dialer(r)
To: MERRITT @ USC-ISIB
Remailed-Date: 28 Mar 1983 0959-PST
Remailed-From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
The address of Zoom Telephonics is:
Zoom Telephonics
122 Bowdoin Street
Boston, MA 02108
(617) 523-6281
DEMON Dialer Model 176T Quantity 1-3 $200, Greater than 4, $121
(I have used one of these, they aren't bad, but Ma Bell speed dialing
is better and you are correct about how they work; you type in a speed
dialing code, it seizes your line and does the retries, BTW, you also
have to leave your phone off the hook... Thats how it signals you to
pick up your phone when it suceeds, It make a LOUD audible noise..
They at least should have been able to make it do some sort of
distinctive ringing...)
------------------------------
Date: 28 Mar 1983 1422-PST
From: ROODE at SRI-NIC (David Roode)
Subject: Telex and TWX
What are their rates like? Are they cheaper than non-prime telephone
usage to transfer data with modems? The data rate ought to be
considerably higher with the latter.
------------------------------
Date: Tue 29 Mar 83 00:27:07-PST
From: Richard Furuta <Furuta@WASHINGTON.ARPA>
Subject: Telephone purchase prices--Washington
Interesting you should ask how much the telephone company wants for
their telephones in various areas of the country. We just received an
offering from Pacific Northwest Bell. A phone has a 30 day warranty
if it's already installed, 90 days if it's new, and the effective date
of the offer is February 14, 1983, although the notice was actually
received in mid-March. Here's the first few prices:
Purchase Price
Product Not Presently Current Current
presently installed monthly repair
installed rate charges
Standard Rotary $45.00 $25.00 $1.50 $25.00
Std. Touch-tone 65.00 45.00 2.50 30.00
Princess Rotary 55.00 35.00 2.75 30.00
Princess Tch-tn 75.00 55.00 3.50 35.00
Trimline Rotary 65.00 50.00 3.00 35.00
Trimline Tch-tn 80.00 60.00 4.00 40.00
The "Presently installed" prices expire on May 14, 1983, after which
the prices are the same as "not presently installed. Repair charges
apply after the warranty period. There's lots of other models on the
list, but I think this covers the most common.
I seem to remember the prices in last summer's California offering
were a bit lower, plus Pacific Telephone offered financing which
Pacific Northwest Bell doesn't do.
--Rick
------------------------------
Date: 30 Mar 1983 0418-EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS>
Subject: Some TSPS info
In answer to a recent inquiry about TSPS specifics:
I used to play the May I Help You game, so I dealt with this
firsthand. The TSPS machine is more or less a gateway between local
customers and outgoing calls, and includes timing and logging
capabilities. It also can do some rather wizardly things with your
local central office.
First of all, the terms ''back'' and ''forward'' refer to originating
caller and destination number, respectively. The Release Forward key
does just that: Hangs up on the called party, while keeping the
calling party connected to the console. The KP FWD key enables
dialing the ''forward'', or called, number. KP BACK enables dialing a
number and having it become the calling party, but there is a hook in
this that prevents entering a new back number for an *incoming* call.
It is used rarely. RING BACK does exactly what someone mentioned -
regardless of the hookswitch condition of the back line, it sends it a
second or so of ringing voltage. This is done by sending some sort of
packet to the central office that tells it to do this. RING FWD is a
little different; all it really does is momentarily disconnect the
called end of the loop, in a pulse. It doesn't *ring* the forward
phone. It is helpful sometimes when dealing with overseas operators;
when they put you on hold you can ring forward and their indicator
will flash on and off.
There are a couple of other KP keys, e.g. TBL [used to enter trouble
codes], SPL [used to enter billing numbers]. Basically a KP key tells
the machine that you are about to place a number in a register, that
register being defined by which KP key you pressed. ST [Start]
terminates the sequence.
One major screw that TSPS does to the calling end is that it disables
hangup timeouts. If an operator wishes to hold on to your line on a
loop, she may do so. This also applies to the forward end once it has
been answered, as there is no end-of-call supervision timeout
recognized by a TSPS machine. I believe that the only way to break
free of this is create some real hairy error condition [like running
AC line voltage down your ESS line] that will clear a few switches.
All TSPS billing is done in-house; that is, the CO has nothing to do
with operator-handled calls after it passes the ANI packet and
disables hangups. The billing details are written to a magtape
[?!??!] and later sent to the billing department.
Further details desired? Just ask. My info may be a couple of years
out of date [it's been a while], but it still gives the basic idea.
_H*
------------------------------
Date: 30 March 1983 08:54 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Verfication of Third Number Calls from Public Phones
cc: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Beginning March 15th in all Bell Operating Companies' areas, operators
will not place third number calls from public telephones without
authorization from an answering party at the third number. If the
third number (billed party) is busy or does not answer, the call will
not be put through. This will apply to such calls made during the
night hours as well as during the day and evening hours. BOC have
implemented this policy to help reduce third number toll fraud.
BOC are trying to encourage the customers to use Calling Cards
(formerly called Credit Cards) to place long distance calls when they
are away from home. There is no charge for the Calling Card and in
many areas customers can place a calling card call without the
assistance of an operator. Calling Cards provide customers a lower
price charging option as well as a convenience and privacy. Customers
can call their business office to order a Calling Card.
(Contributor's Note: I am wondering how can each Calling Card customer
be protected if the number ever was revealed to the culprit? Does the
customer have the same rights as the credit card holder, such as up to
$50.00 limit, etc? Any comment?)
<LJ>
------------------------------
Date: 30 March 1983 09:25 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Access Charges
cc: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Here is the summary of the FCC filing on ACCESS Charges (The FCC's 254
page interstate access charge order released on February 28th does not
vary greatly from news accounts of the FCC's Dec. 22, 1982 decision
approving new charges by which teleco may recover network access
costs):
Under this order, ATT and BO, filing seperate tariffs, will file with
the FCC before Oct. 3, 1983 if the charges are to go into effect on
Jan. 1, 1984.
Highlights of the order:
Customer Charges: During 1984, the minimum access charges plus
customer usage charges will recover $4 of the total access costs per
line per month (a total of $4.3 billion a year); Minimum monthly
customer access charges will be set at $2 per line for residence
customers and $4 per line for business customers; Customers will pay
their full share of access costs at the end of a five-to-seven year
transition period in 1989 or 1991 (when all customers will pay a flat
rate charge); Maximum access charges cannot exceed what customers
would pay for an access line dedicated to interstate private line
service (nationally, this average about $28 a month). Maximums must
be reduced 10 percent a year between 1984 and 1989; and Teleco will
have the flexibility, however to adjust the recovery of access costs
through a combination of flat and usage charges in keeping with the
threat of uneconomic bypass of their facilities.
Carrier Charges: In 1984, all Long Distance carriers will pay a
carrier access charge to the local teleco to recover fixed access
costs above the $4 level (the cost to be paid by customers).
Nationwide, this will amount to about $4.2 billion a year; The carrier
charge will be a uniform nationwide rate based upon minutes of use of
the local network; Of the $4.2 billion to be paid by long distance
carriers, ATT will pay $1.4 billion in 1984 to the local companies
through an Exchange Carrier Association as a fixed-cost premium access
charge. This amount is based upon the FCC's estimate of differences
of interconnection quality provided to the various long distance
carriers; The premium access charge will be phased out over four
years, or within the same time span as the phase out of interstate
customer equipment costs.
Universal Service Monitoring: As the FCC's mandate from Congress, the
FCC will monitor the shift of fixed access costs recovery from Long
Distance carriers to customers during the transition period and modify
its plan as necessary.
The Universal Service Fund: In order to preserve of Universal Service,
the fund will be established next year to enable teleco serving high
cost areas - those with higher than average access line costs due to
demographic, geographic, and technological differences - to set phone
rates at levels that will not drive customers to cancel services; this
Fund will be supported by payments made by all long distance carriers
to the Exchange Carrier Association and will continue to operate
indefinitely; and the size of this fund and the formula used to
collect and distribute this money will be proposed by a federal-state
Joint Board of Regulators this Spring and approved by the FCC before
divestiture.
Exchange Carrier Association: This is an association of local exchange
telephone companies that will file and adminster access charge
tariffs, oversee the operation of the Universal Service Fund, and
distribute the carrier access charge funds; Membership is limited to
local teleco. Consumer groups, regulators, and long distance carriers
are ineligibnle to join; and ATT is required to file the association's
first access charge tariffs with the FCC, but the company is not
expected to be responsible for future filings.
State Regulation: The FCC acknowledged that the interstate access
charge plan would influence the development of intrastate access
charge plans but did not require state regulatory commissions to
follow its approach; The FCC believes, however, that its plan offers
the states a well though-out approach to recovering access costs and
that a uniform approach would increase adminstrative effieciency for
commissions and companies alike; and the FCC also believes customer
payment of intrastate access charges will help reduce differences in
inter- and intrastate long distance charges and discourage uneconomic
bypass of phone company facilities.
Bypass: There are two kinds of bypass - economic and uneconomic;
Economic bypass is the direct supply of new kinds of services that
aren't presently available from the Telecos; Uneconomic bypass is the
supply of traditional kinds of services at prices below what the
telephone companies can charge - but above their actual costs; The FCC
recognizes bypass as a growing phenomenon but believes that cost-based
access charges will discourage uneconomic bypass; The FCC decline to
prohibit bypass, however, because new technologies may serve customer
needs not adequately met by the telecos; It also believes the
development of new, sophisticated technologies will spur the telecos
to provide needed customer services that are technologcally possible;
and it said regulatory action is needed now to discourage uneconomic
bypass because the next three to five years will be crucial to the
deployment of such systems.
<LJ>
------------------------------
Date: 30 Mar 1983 1341-PST
From: Wmartin at OFFICE-3 (Will Martin)
Subject: Multi-device hookups
We have an application (teleconferencing) which could be better
realized if we could hook a number of data communications devices
together all at once, via a conference call. What we want to do is
have a number of microcomputers running communications software with
300 bps modems all cross-connected via this single conference call.
When one micro sends data out over its modem, all the others should
receive it and act as programmed to display or accept the data, as
appropriate.
As far as I know, we have never been able to do this. We can connect
one micro directly to another via dial-up using this combination of
hardware and software, but trying to bring another set in doesn't
work. I think that the problem is carrier-tone recognition and timing;
the software expects to be talking to one other modem only, and new
ones joining a connection in progress have missed the initial
handshaking. Is this the problem?
Can it be overcome by something simple, like strapping pins on an
RS-232 connector or otherwise forcing the later-joining modems into
believing that they have a valid connection? Or is it more complex, or
even fundamentally impossible?
Advice and comments welcomed...
Will Martin
IRM Division
USArmy DARCOM ALMSA
------------------------------
Date: 31 March 1983 08:45 est
From: LSchwarz.Activate at RESTON
Subject: Access Fees
Who should pay?
It is understood that residential telephone subscribers may see a new
item on their monthly telephone bill - a long distance "access charge"
of about $7.00 per month. What is most unusual about this new charge
is that it must be paid every month even if the subscriber makes no
long distance calls.
Of course, we do understand how a phone bill is engineered, how costs
and rates are determined, and how recent legalized technological
developments have revolutionized the telephone industry.
But the long distance costs are recovered on a per minute basis, how
can the customers be treated fairly whether you make one or 101 calls
while being charged for the "local loop" costs which does not vary
with usage (in other words, the cost is same for the expense of laying
and maintaining your phone line no matter how many calls you make!)
Any comment on determining more reasonable access charges? WHat
guidelines should be established to assure all telephone customers
nationwide?
<LJ>
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
2-Apr-83 15:20:52-PST,18127;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 2-Apr-83 15:20:12
Date: 2 Apr 1983 1520-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #20
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 3 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 20
Today's Topics:
DTMF->Ascii Conversion
Long-Distance Access Charges (2 Msgs)
Is Local Measured Service Fairer?
An Anecdote From The History Of Telephony
Calling Card Query
Multi-Device Hookup With Modems
Data Conference Calls
Measured And Unmeasured Service In New Hampshire (2 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "REX::MINOW c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Date: 3-JAN-1983 20:54
Subj: Submission -- DTMF->Ascii conversion
Several recent Human Nets messages have discussed generation of Ascii
by means of a DTMF (Touch-Tone) keypad. I've done a bit of work on
this and hope the following might be of interest to Telecom readers:
First, holding multiple buttons down at the same time probably won't
work in the real world. There are several companies offering DTMF
decoders (coupled with FCC approved telephone line interfaces) which
are generally set to reject single frequencies (as required by the
AT&T specifications).
Using multiple keystrokes seems to offer the best of a bad situation
(clumsy, but workable). Several such systems have been done. For
example, there is a very nice automated weather forecast system using
synthesized speech and DTMF control done by the FAA. Also, Lauren
Weinstein implemented a telephone interface to Unix at UCLA, using the
Unix speak program (text to speech for a Votrax ML1) and a Bell 407
telephone line interface. With much help from Lauren, I implemented a
telephone interface to RSTS/E about 3 years ago using the NRL text-
to-speech system. All three systems used essentially the same DTMF to
Ascii encoding method:
Letters are entered by pressing the button containing the letter,
followed by a button indicating which of the three (left, middle, or
right) letters is desired. Thus ABC would be 21, 22, 23. The FAA
system accepted only 1/2/3 for the second button, while the other
systems allowed "any number in that column". Thus, on the UCLA and
DEC systems, "HUMAN" could be encoded 45, 88, 64, 21, 65.
There are two letters missing from the keypad. The DEC system put
them on the '1' key as "<space>QZ" (The other systems used something
similar, but I felt that 11 was a good way to encode space.)
Digits were encoded in the DEC system by combining them with the ZERO
key. Since I could never remember whether the zero came first or
last, my program accepted either encoding.
Now, the fun begins... The SHARP key was used for control characters:
#1 Z == end of file (CTRL/Z at Dec), #2 C == CTRL/C,
#3 D == Delete (rubout), #6 O == CTRL/O (Cancel output)
#7 R == Retype line (CTRL/R) #7 U == CTRL/U (Delete line)
## == Carriage return.
The STAR key was used for control functions. Lauren and I implemented
case shifts and locks as yhwell as numeric, control, and 8-bit octal
input. There was also a punctuation mode (courtesy of Lauren) whereby
the next three button pushes were interpreted as a graphic character.
For example, 365 (DOL) for '$', 758 (PLU) for '+', 277 (BSP) for
backspace, etc. Many characters had several definitions. For example
'<' was both 522 (LAN) and 535 (LES). Finally, there were a few
predefined messages:
910 Logout
911 MAIL
990 run games:dungeon
While it was a nice toy and a fun demo, and once in a while was very
useful, the amount of button pushing you had to go through was
extremely frustrating. Also, the quality of the Votrax voice was not
satisfactory for anything more than games playing.
I'd appreciate hearing with anyone with ideas on improving this
system; especially someone who would have no other access to a
computer.
Finally, the IBM voice mail system uses the keypad to enter user
names. They use the digits (MINOW would be entered 64669) as a hash
function. On the IBM system, Q is on the 7 key (PQRS) and Z on the 9
key (WXYZ).
Martin Minow
------------------------------
Date: 1-Apr-83 23:19:29-EST (Fri)
From: cbosgd!mark@Berkeley (Mark Horton)
Subject: Re: Access Charges
>From the April 1 Columbus Dispatch: "Ohio Bell rate bid is blasted"
(This is an excerpt from an article quoting William Spratley of the
Ohio Consumers' Counsel, in response to a requested Ohio Bell rate
hike.)
Ohio Bell's announcement that it is seeking a 46 percent rate increase
for residential customers "is highly misleading", Spratley said. Ohio
Bell officials said the basic service charge of $12.95 will be
increased to $18.80 a month, and the $1.50 rental fee for a telephone
would remain the same. ... However, another $8 in new charges for
long distance service will be added to everyone's bills. That will
raise the current $14.45 basic service charge to $28.30, if the new
rates are approved by the PUCO, Spratley said. "That is a 96 percent
increase." ... People who now pay $9.75 for message rate service would
pay $21.50 a month - a 121.5 % increase. Those who use measured
service would see their $7.30 basic charge increased to $18 a month,
for 147% increase.
...
Half the $8 charge is being sought by Ohio Bell to pay for the service
of long-distance calls within Ohio. The FCC is expected to add on
another $4 charge to subsidize Ohio Bell's service for long distance
calls to other states.
Ohio Bell will lose its current subsidy next January when AT&T is
forced to divest itself of local telephone companies such as Ohio
Bell. Spratley said only those who make lots of long distance calls
would benefit from Ohio Bell's proposal. [End of excerpt.]
I don't understand what's going on here, and would appreciate it if
someone would explain it to me. I'm going to suddenly have to start
paying an extra $8 each month, for "the ability to make a long
distance call". Who does this go to, and what costs does it pay for?
What is paying for this now? Is this $8/month going to be optional if
I never want to make long distance calls? What if I use MCI or Sprint
or whoever exclusively? How is my ability to RECEIVE long distance
phone calls affected?
By the way, I am OUTRAGED at a 100% increase in my phone bill (you'll
notice that the part I can avoid: the $1.50 phone rental, isn't going
up) in an era where improved technology and increased competition
should be driving my phone bill DOWN. Even the gas and electric rates
aren't going up this fast, and they have a good excuse (the Arabs
raised the price of oil).
------------------------------
Date: 1 Apr 1983 1157-PST
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: Long-distance access charges
We have MCI; my father has a calling card. If there were to be a
long-distance charge, we'd want to use MCI instead of Ma Bell for
far-away calls, but to call my folks, we'd want to be able to use my
father's card.
How would the phone company enable one to do this?
(WOULD they?)
--Lynn
------------------------------
From: "DRAGON::DONJON::GOLDSTEIN c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Date: 2-FEB-1983 10:13
Subj: Digest comment -- Local measured service fairer?
[In-real-life: Fred R. Goldstein]
The local measured service issue has been floating around the
telephone industry for a decade or so, and the recent round of plans
and arguments has a familiar ring. GTE especially uses the old line
"fair to pay for what you use", while Bell cos. talk about keeping
rates down. Politically, they think the heat is worse when they raise
basic rates (which will go way up soon anyway due to the FCC's "pure 2
access" decision) than when they charge your pants off when you call
your grand- mother down the block.
Some studies done in the mid to late 70s showed that the
fixed, usage-insensitive portion of local telephone costs were roughly
80% of the non-toll total, with incurred by local usage. A Denver
study showed that the "cost to the phone co" of local usage ranged
from <.001/min within a short-haul local rea, and less than $.03/min
on the longest local call in Colorado, 58 miles (Castle Rock to
Boulder). NY Tel's rates, though, for LMS in NY City are based on,
among other things, a study done by NYPIRG that showed much higher
costs than that in NY, but still below what most telcos ask for. The
present NYTel local usage rates are contributory (above cost) but not
hugely so.
I don't see what's so "fair" about paying more to use a
super-cheap resource, local usage, to hold down the cost of basic
service to some pitiful fraction of true cost. Let the telcos be
forced to show their true marginal costs of service, and charge
accordingly (they are mono- polies, right?, and regulated supposedly
to meet costs) if it seems worthwhile. Were that done, many LMS plans
would be dropped as costing more to administer than they take in. In
the meantime, pressure your local cable companies (if you have one --
we're still waiting for Boston to get wired) to give some competition
to telcos.
------------------------------
From: "JOHN CROLL AT KIRK c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Posted-date: 03-Feb-1983
Subject: An anecdote from the history of Telephony
In the February 14, 1983 issue of Forbes, this anecdote is related:
Cincinnati, December 26, 1982: A Mr. A. H. Pugh, dissatisfied with the
service of the telephone company, was moved to strong language: "If
you can't get the party I want you to, you may shut up your damn
telephone!" Aghast, the phone company removed its instrument from Mr.
Pugh's home. He sued to get it restored, but the courts decided in
favor of the company. "Damn" was not to be said over the wire.
-- American Heritage
------------------------------
From: "KENNETH GOUTAL at ELMO c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Posted-date: 03-Feb-1983
NAME-IN-REAL-LIFE: Kenn Goutal
Subject: Calling card query
Over the years, I have heard phrases like "telephone credit card"
and, lately, "Calling Card", and even seen the phone company promoting
such things. They seem to be particularly big with sales types who
make calls from random parts of the country and charge the calls to
their company. Such a use I can understand. However, a lot of the
promo literature seems aimed at just random people.
How many every folks have need of such a thing? What's the problem
with just telling the operator "Charge this to my home number"? Is
there a cost benefit? If so, how come? From the discussion lately,
it sounds like just more overhead all around. Have settled down
somewhat in recent years, I haven't done this *as often*, but I don't
recall *ever* having any trouble doing this. The closest I ever came
was being asked by the operator "Is there someone at that [home]
number that I can check with at this time?"; when I answered "yes",
the call was put through unquestioned!
------------------------------
Date: 1 Apr 1983 15:06:18-PST
From: Robert P. Cunningham <cunningh@Nosc>
Reply-to: cunningh@Nosc
To: wmartin@office-3
Subject: Multi-device hookup with modems.
I have actually tried that, using 4 modems on a conference call. It
doesn't work very well. Here's why:
Each modem uses one pair of tones to send messages, and 'listens' for
a completely separate pair of tones. At 300 bps (Bell 103 standard),
that's all done with frequency-shift-keying (FSK). If a modem has no
data to send, it just puts out one of the tones constantly (the
'mark' tone). To send a bit, it changes quickly to the other tone.
Right away, there is a problem. The modem never 'listens' for the
tones it is sending...it wants to hear the other set of frequencies
instead. That's fine with just two modems, one is in the so-called
'originate' mode, the other in 'receive' mode, which just means that
one modem's sending tones correspond to the other's receiving tones.
What happens when you add a third modem is that it never 'hears' one
of the other two (tone assignments guaranteed incompatible with one of
the others). Adding additional modems make things even worse.
The way we did it was to have all the modems except one in the same
mode. That one could send to all of the others, and could hear all of
the others (but they couldn't hear each other). Think of a UN meeting
where everybody wears earphones except the speaker. Each of them can
hear him/her, but they can't hear each other---but the speaker can
hear all of them.
At least that's what we (naively) thought. And we even tried to set
up the next logical step: have the single modem (the 'speaker', that
everybody listens to) echo whatever was heard, therby broadcasting to
all of the others (trying to create a contention broadcast scheme like
the ALOHA or ETHERNET systems). Unfortunately, that didn't work.
Remember, all these modems are sending the 'mark' signal all the time.
What actually happens is that a modem locks onto one particular signal
(using a phase-locked-loop = PLL, typically). Only the strongest
signal seemed to get through in our setup. Imagine all the delegates
in the audience of that UN session mumbling all the time -- when they
had nothing to say. Only the loudest one could cut through all the
mumbling when he/she had something to say.
In reality, it is a bit more complicated, since there are small
differences in frequency (and certainly phase) between the 'mumblers',
which complicates matters a bit.
Note that true contention systems (ETHERNET, and I believe the old
ALOHAnet) are very careful only to have a carrier on the medium when a
message was actually being sent. If you can figure out how to do that
with your modems, you might have a working system (but you will
probably still need a constantly-active 'headend' repeater). On the
other hand, you will have to add addressing, etc., and at 300 bps you
will probably be disappointed with the throughput. In particular,
with a true contention system (no modem 'listens' to see if anybody
else is sending before it puts something on the line), and assuming
fairly short, random sending (no channel hogging), your throughput in
the long run is probably limited to about 18% of full-time 300 bps,
with strongest signalers having a considerable edge in getting their
messages through.
Bob Cunningham <cunningh@nosc-cc>
------------------------------
Date: 1 Apr 83 20:57:47 EST (Fri)
From: UCBVAX@Berkeley (Steven M. Bellovin)
Subject: data conference calls
I suspect that your problem is modem tones. Here's the normal
sequence. Site A calls site B; site B's modem answers the phone and
responds with tone B0 (i.e., the 0-bit coming from B). Site A's modem
detects that tone, raises the Carrier Detect signal, and responds with
tone A0. B can then use B0 and B1 to talk to A; it in turn responds
with A0 and A1. Note that there are four distinct tones in use -- A0,
A1, B0, and B1 -- and that selection of which tones are used is made
based on who originated the call and who answered it.
This explains what your problem is. Assuming that you're making the
conference call manually (or do you have an autodialer that can flash
the hookswitch to get dial-tone again), each of the modems knows that
it's answering a call, and hence responds with B0/B1 and listens for
A0/A1. No one is talking A0/A1, though; furthermore, all the constant
B0 tones will interfere with any B1 tone generated.
It isn't clear to me what you should do about it, either. Your best
bet might be to get some true half-duplex modems; they know how to
monitor the line for the presence of another tone, and only send when
the line is free. Something like the Bell 202 might do (Novation
makes a cheap 202, incidentally), though I decline to guarantee it.
Note, though, that you'll need some way of telling the modem when you
want to talk; this is normally done by controlling the RS-232
Request-to-Send line and not talking until you see Clear-to-Send.
You'll also have to distinguish between Carrier Detect (which means
that someone else is actually getting ready to talk) and Data Set
Ready, which means that your modem is all powered up and connected.
Finally, you give up the ability to sense a hang-up.
--Steve Bellovin at Bell Labs, Murray Hill
mhb5b!smb@Berkeley (I think)
smb.unc@udel-relay (should still work)
------------------------------
From: "REX::MINOW c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Date: 27-DEC-1982 08:28
Subj: RE: TELECOM Digest V2 #140
Re: the person who can't get unlimited local calling for the modem and
message units for his voice phone.
I have exactly this service from New England Tel. (In fact, I changed
when I had the modem put in.) Also, they don't list the modem number
and don't give it out at information: no charge as long as my regular
phone is listed.
If all else fails, you could always explain that the phone is being
put in so you don't get charged for your roommate's calls.
Martin Minow
------------------------------
From: "KENNETH GOUTAL AT ELMO c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Posted-date: 05-Jan-1983
Subject: Mixed service in NH
I have a friend who lives in Manchester, New Hampshire, and I know for
a fact that he has mixed rates (unlimited on his modem line and
metered on his voice line), without having to declare one of them a
business line or anything. As some have suggested, this may be a side
benefit of living in an ESS exchange, and may not be statewide. --
Kenn
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
2-Apr-83 17:16:25-PST,18127;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 2-Apr-83 15:20:12
Date: 2 Apr 1983 1520-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #20
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 3 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 20
Today's Topics:
DTMF->Ascii Conversion
Long-Distance Access Charges (2 Msgs)
Is Local Measured Service Fairer?
An Anecdote From The History Of Telephony
Calling Card Query
Multi-Device Hookup With Modems
Data Conference Calls
Measured And Unmeasured Service In New Hampshire (2 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "REX::MINOW c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Date: 3-JAN-1983 20:54
Subj: Submission -- DTMF->Ascii conversion
Several recent Human Nets messages have discussed generation of Ascii
by means of a DTMF (Touch-Tone) keypad. I've done a bit of work on
this and hope the following might be of interest to Telecom readers:
First, holding multiple buttons down at the same time probably won't
work in the real world. There are several companies offering DTMF
decoders (coupled with FCC approved telephone line interfaces) which
are generally set to reject single frequencies (as required by the
AT&T specifications).
Using multiple keystrokes seems to offer the best of a bad situation
(clumsy, but workable). Several such systems have been done. For
example, there is a very nice automated weather forecast system using
synthesized speech and DTMF control done by the FAA. Also, Lauren
Weinstein implemented a telephone interface to Unix at UCLA, using the
Unix speak program (text to speech for a Votrax ML1) and a Bell 407
telephone line interface. With much help from Lauren, I implemented a
telephone interface to RSTS/E about 3 years ago using the NRL text-
to-speech system. All three systems used essentially the same DTMF to
Ascii encoding method:
Letters are entered by pressing the button containing the letter,
followed by a button indicating which of the three (left, middle, or
right) letters is desired. Thus ABC would be 21, 22, 23. The FAA
system accepted only 1/2/3 for the second button, while the other
systems allowed "any number in that column". Thus, on the UCLA and
DEC systems, "HUMAN" could be encoded 45, 88, 64, 21, 65.
There are two letters missing from the keypad. The DEC system put
them on the '1' key as "<space>QZ" (The other systems used something
similar, but I felt that 11 was a good way to encode space.)
Digits were encoded in the DEC system by combining them with the ZERO
key. Since I could never remember whether the zero came first or
last, my program accepted either encoding.
Now, the fun begins... The SHARP key was used for control characters:
#1 Z == end of file (CTRL/Z at Dec), #2 C == CTRL/C,
#3 D == Delete (rubout), #6 O == CTRL/O (Cancel output)
#7 R == Retype line (CTRL/R) #7 U == CTRL/U (Delete line)
## == Carriage return.
The STAR key was used for control functions. Lauren and I implemented
case shifts and locks as yhwell as numeric, control, and 8-bit octal
input. There was also a punctuation mode (courtesy of Lauren) whereby
the next three button pushes were interpreted as a graphic character.
For example, 365 (DOL) for '$', 758 (PLU) for '+', 277 (BSP) for
backspace, etc. Many characters had several definitions. For example
'<' was both 522 (LAN) and 535 (LES). Finally, there were a few
predefined messages:
910 Logout
911 MAIL
990 run games:dungeon
While it was a nice toy and a fun demo, and once in a while was very
useful, the amount of button pushing you had to go through was
extremely frustrating. Also, the quality of the Votrax voice was not
satisfactory for anything more than games playing.
I'd appreciate hearing with anyone with ideas on improving this
system; especially someone who would have no other access to a
computer.
Finally, the IBM voice mail system uses the keypad to enter user
names. They use the digits (MINOW would be entered 64669) as a hash
function. On the IBM system, Q is on the 7 key (PQRS) and Z on the 9
key (WXYZ).
Martin Minow
------------------------------
Date: 1-Apr-83 23:19:29-EST (Fri)
From: cbosgd!mark@Berkeley (Mark Horton)
Subject: Re: Access Charges
>From the April 1 Columbus Dispatch: "Ohio Bell rate bid is blasted"
(This is an excerpt from an article quoting William Spratley of the
Ohio Consumers' Counsel, in response to a requested Ohio Bell rate
hike.)
Ohio Bell's announcement that it is seeking a 46 percent rate increase
for residential customers "is highly misleading", Spratley said. Ohio
Bell officials said the basic service charge of $12.95 will be
increased to $18.80 a month, and the $1.50 rental fee for a telephone
would remain the same. ... However, another $8 in new charges for
long distance service will be added to everyone's bills. That will
raise the current $14.45 basic service charge to $28.30, if the new
rates are approved by the PUCO, Spratley said. "That is a 96 percent
increase." ... People who now pay $9.75 for message rate service would
pay $21.50 a month - a 121.5 % increase. Those who use measured
service would see their $7.30 basic charge increased to $18 a month,
for 147% increase.
...
Half the $8 charge is being sought by Ohio Bell to pay for the service
of long-distance calls within Ohio. The FCC is expected to add on
another $4 charge to subsidize Ohio Bell's service for long distance
calls to other states.
Ohio Bell will lose its current subsidy next January when AT&T is
forced to divest itself of local telephone companies such as Ohio
Bell. Spratley said only those who make lots of long distance calls
would benefit from Ohio Bell's proposal. [End of excerpt.]
I don't understand what's going on here, and would appreciate it if
someone would explain it to me. I'm going to suddenly have to start
paying an extra $8 each month, for "the ability to make a long
distance call". Who does this go to, and what costs does it pay for?
What is paying for this now? Is this $8/month going to be optional if
I never want to make long distance calls? What if I use MCI or Sprint
or whoever exclusively? How is my ability to RECEIVE long distance
phone calls affected?
By the way, I am OUTRAGED at a 100% increase in my phone bill (you'll
notice that the part I can avoid: the $1.50 phone rental, isn't going
up) in an era where improved technology and increased competition
should be driving my phone bill DOWN. Even the gas and electric rates
aren't going up this fast, and they have a good excuse (the Arabs
raised the price of oil).
------------------------------
Date: 1 Apr 1983 1157-PST
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: Long-distance access charges
We have MCI; my father has a calling card. If there were to be a
long-distance charge, we'd want to use MCI instead of Ma Bell for
far-away calls, but to call my folks, we'd want to be able to use my
father's card.
How would the phone company enable one to do this?
(WOULD they?)
--Lynn
------------------------------
From: "DRAGON::DONJON::GOLDSTEIN c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Date: 2-FEB-1983 10:13
Subj: Digest comment -- Local measured service fairer?
[In-real-life: Fred R. Goldstein]
The local measured service issue has been floating around the
telephone industry for a decade or so, and the recent round of plans
and arguments has a familiar ring. GTE especially uses the old line
"fair to pay for what you use", while Bell cos. talk about keeping
rates down. Politically, they think the heat is worse when they raise
basic rates (which will go way up soon anyway due to the FCC's "pure 2
access" decision) than when they charge your pants off when you call
your grand- mother down the block.
Some studies done in the mid to late 70s showed that the
fixed, usage-insensitive portion of local telephone costs were roughly
80% of the non-toll total, with incurred by local usage. A Denver
study showed that the "cost to the phone co" of local usage ranged
from <.001/min within a short-haul local rea, and less than $.03/min
on the longest local call in Colorado, 58 miles (Castle Rock to
Boulder). NY Tel's rates, though, for LMS in NY City are based on,
among other things, a study done by NYPIRG that showed much higher
costs than that in NY, but still below what most telcos ask for. The
present NYTel local usage rates are contributory (above cost) but not
hugely so.
I don't see what's so "fair" about paying more to use a
super-cheap resource, local usage, to hold down the cost of basic
service to some pitiful fraction of true cost. Let the telcos be
forced to show their true marginal costs of service, and charge
accordingly (they are mono- polies, right?, and regulated supposedly
to meet costs) if it seems worthwhile. Were that done, many LMS plans
would be dropped as costing more to administer than they take in. In
the meantime, pressure your local cable companies (if you have one --
we're still waiting for Boston to get wired) to give some competition
to telcos.
------------------------------
From: "JOHN CROLL AT KIRK c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Posted-date: 03-Feb-1983
Subject: An anecdote from the history of Telephony
In the February 14, 1983 issue of Forbes, this anecdote is related:
Cincinnati, December 26, 1982: A Mr. A. H. Pugh, dissatisfied with the
service of the telephone company, was moved to strong language: "If
you can't get the party I want you to, you may shut up your damn
telephone!" Aghast, the phone company removed its instrument from Mr.
Pugh's home. He sued to get it restored, but the courts decided in
favor of the company. "Damn" was not to be said over the wire.
-- American Heritage
------------------------------
From: "KENNETH GOUTAL at ELMO c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Posted-date: 03-Feb-1983
NAME-IN-REAL-LIFE: Kenn Goutal
Subject: Calling card query
Over the years, I have heard phrases like "telephone credit card"
and, lately, "Calling Card", and even seen the phone company promoting
such things. They seem to be particularly big with sales types who
make calls from random parts of the country and charge the calls to
their company. Such a use I can understand. However, a lot of the
promo literature seems aimed at just random people.
How many every folks have need of such a thing? What's the problem
with just telling the operator "Charge this to my home number"? Is
there a cost benefit? If so, how come? From the discussion lately,
it sounds like just more overhead all around. Have settled down
somewhat in recent years, I haven't done this *as often*, but I don't
recall *ever* having any trouble doing this. The closest I ever came
was being asked by the operator "Is there someone at that [home]
number that I can check with at this time?"; when I answered "yes",
the call was put through unquestioned!
------------------------------
Date: 1 Apr 1983 15:06:18-PST
From: Robert P. Cunningham <cunningh@Nosc>
Reply-to: cunningh@Nosc
To: wmartin@office-3
Subject: Multi-device hookup with modems.
I have actually tried that, using 4 modems on a conference call. It
doesn't work very well. Here's why:
Each modem uses one pair of tones to send messages, and 'listens' for
a completely separate pair of tones. At 300 bps (Bell 103 standard),
that's all done with frequency-shift-keying (FSK). If a modem has no
data to send, it just puts out one of the tones constantly (the
'mark' tone). To send a bit, it changes quickly to the other tone.
Right away, there is a problem. The modem never 'listens' for the
tones it is sending...it wants to hear the other set of frequencies
instead. That's fine with just two modems, one is in the so-called
'originate' mode, the other in 'receive' mode, which just means that
one modem's sending tones correspond to the other's receiving tones.
What happens when you add a third modem is that it never 'hears' one
of the other two (tone assignments guaranteed incompatible with one of
the others). Adding additional modems make things even worse.
The way we did it was to have all the modems except one in the same
mode. That one could send to all of the others, and could hear all of
the others (but they couldn't hear each other). Think of a UN meeting
where everybody wears earphones except the speaker. Each of them can
hear him/her, but they can't hear each other---but the speaker can
hear all of them.
At least that's what we (naively) thought. And we even tried to set
up the next logical step: have the single modem (the 'speaker', that
everybody listens to) echo whatever was heard, therby broadcasting to
all of the others (trying to create a contention broadcast scheme like
the ALOHA or ETHERNET systems). Unfortunately, that didn't work.
Remember, all these modems are sending the 'mark' signal all the time.
What actually happens is that a modem locks onto one particular signal
(using a phase-locked-loop = PLL, typically). Only the strongest
signal seemed to get through in our setup. Imagine all the delegates
in the audience of that UN session mumbling all the time -- when they
had nothing to say. Only the loudest one could cut through all the
mumbling when he/she had something to say.
In reality, it is a bit more complicated, since there are small
differences in frequency (and certainly phase) between the 'mumblers',
which complicates matters a bit.
Note that true contention systems (ETHERNET, and I believe the old
ALOHAnet) are very careful only to have a carrier on the medium when a
message was actually being sent. If you can figure out how to do that
with your modems, you might have a working system (but you will
probably still need a constantly-active 'headend' repeater). On the
other hand, you will have to add addressing, etc., and at 300 bps you
will probably be disappointed with the throughput. In particular,
with a true contention system (no modem 'listens' to see if anybody
else is sending before it puts something on the line), and assuming
fairly short, random sending (no channel hogging), your throughput in
the long run is probably limited to about 18% of full-time 300 bps,
with strongest signalers having a considerable edge in getting their
messages through.
Bob Cunningham <cunningh@nosc-cc>
------------------------------
Date: 1 Apr 83 20:57:47 EST (Fri)
From: UCBVAX@Berkeley (Steven M. Bellovin)
Subject: data conference calls
I suspect that your problem is modem tones. Here's the normal
sequence. Site A calls site B; site B's modem answers the phone and
responds with tone B0 (i.e., the 0-bit coming from B). Site A's modem
detects that tone, raises the Carrier Detect signal, and responds with
tone A0. B can then use B0 and B1 to talk to A; it in turn responds
with A0 and A1. Note that there are four distinct tones in use -- A0,
A1, B0, and B1 -- and that selection of which tones are used is made
based on who originated the call and who answered it.
This explains what your problem is. Assuming that you're making the
conference call manually (or do you have an autodialer that can flash
the hookswitch to get dial-tone again), each of the modems knows that
it's answering a call, and hence responds with B0/B1 and listens for
A0/A1. No one is talking A0/A1, though; furthermore, all the constant
B0 tones will interfere with any B1 tone generated.
It isn't clear to me what you should do about it, either. Your best
bet might be to get some true half-duplex modems; they know how to
monitor the line for the presence of another tone, and only send when
the line is free. Something like the Bell 202 might do (Novation
makes a cheap 202, incidentally), though I decline to guarantee it.
Note, though, that you'll need some way of telling the modem when you
want to talk; this is normally done by controlling the RS-232
Request-to-Send line and not talking until you see Clear-to-Send.
You'll also have to distinguish between Carrier Detect (which means
that someone else is actually getting ready to talk) and Data Set
Ready, which means that your modem is all powered up and connected.
Finally, you give up the ability to sense a hang-up.
--Steve Bellovin at Bell Labs, Murray Hill
mhb5b!smb@Berkeley (I think)
smb.unc@udel-relay (should still work)
------------------------------
From: "REX::MINOW c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Date: 27-DEC-1982 08:28
Subj: RE: TELECOM Digest V2 #140
Re: the person who can't get unlimited local calling for the modem and
message units for his voice phone.
I have exactly this service from New England Tel. (In fact, I changed
when I had the modem put in.) Also, they don't list the modem number
and don't give it out at information: no charge as long as my regular
phone is listed.
If all else fails, you could always explain that the phone is being
put in so you don't get charged for your roommate's calls.
Martin Minow
------------------------------
From: "KENNETH GOUTAL AT ELMO c/o" <SCHRIESHEIM.MITTON at DEC-Marlboro>
Posted-date: 05-Jan-1983
Subject: Mixed service in NH
I have a friend who lives in Manchester, New Hampshire, and I know for
a fact that he has mixed rates (unlimited on his modem line and
metered on his voice line), without having to declare one of them a
business line or anything. As some have suggested, this may be a side
benefit of living in an ESS exchange, and may not be statewide. --
Kenn
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
6-Apr-83 06:40:03-PST,12425;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 6-Apr-83 06:39:13
Date: 6 Apr 1983 0639-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #21
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 7 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 21
Today's Topics:
Phone Rates Ebb And Flow - Calling Cards
Cable TV - Local Loop Data Services
Data Call Conferencing (2 Msgs)
Long Distance Access Charge
Bill To Third Number vs. Calling Card Calls
Zipcodes & Prefix Designations
Modems - Bill To Third Number: Operator's Point Of View
Speaker Phones And Ringer Equivs
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun Apr 3 1983 02:18:17-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@lbl-csam>
Subject: misc.
Greetings. Some brief comments on several previous messages:
1) Telephone rates: I'll give you 3:1 that, within the next couple
of years, we'll see Congress heavily modify the structure of the
FCC actions (and court actions, where possible) regarding AT&T and
the broader issues of affordable telephone service. Once the folks
back home really understand how high rates are going, they'll be
knocked out of their stupor and will be screaming bloody murder!
Watch and see.
2) Calling Cards: Very briefly, calling cards allow for fully
automated call handling, and anything that reduces reliance on
human operators can result in faster (and, *theoretically*,
cheaper) calls. Calling cards are also important to help reduce
telephone fraud. Billing of calls to a third number is now being
restricted to cases where an actual positive response can be
obtained from a person at that third number. Up until this change,
illicit third party billings have been a serious problem for telcos
and a real inconvenience for many subscribers. Since calling cards
now include a changeable PIN (Personal Identification Number), they
can provide a fair degree of security. Not perfect by any means,
but better than nothing.
3) Competition from cable TV companies: During a speech I made at
Bell Labs last summer, I said that "most cable TV companies make
General Telephone look good." It's still true. Most cable
operators are hardly competent to redistribute local off-air
signals with reasonable quality, much less properly handle
satellite equipment. To expect most of them to provide reasonable
communications/data services is a total joke. Another problem is
that many large cities are badly fragmented when it comes to cable
service -- and each company in the area may run an entirely
different sort of system with different forward and reverse
capabilities.
In the Los Angeles area, for example, there are no less than ten
completely separate cable companies operating in different areas.
Most of them are under continual fire for providing atrocious basic
service. To think of them providing "advanced" communications/data
type services is ludicrous. Many other parts of the country are in
a similar situation.
4) Residential Data Services: The way basic telephone service rates
are shooting up, it doesn't take much imagination to figure out how
such services as data communications will be priced.
I have been asked by several persons to comment on the recent
message where a Bell Labs official was quoted as saying that some
(very high) percentage of telephone lines could support data
services. The statement was simply that the *capability* to handle
medium speed data was (or will be) present on most local loops.
This of course does *not* mean that the modems required to actually
provide such services will be priced cheaply -- just that most
loops could support them if the user was willing to pay the price.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 3 Apr 83 20:40:11 PST (Sun)
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Data Conference Calls
A possible solution, if you have enough money, is to use a fancy
modem such as the D.C. Hayes Smartmodem. It allows the user to turn
off the carrier in either answer or originate mode, allowing the
monitoring of communications. Unfortunately, when I say "monitoring,"
I mean "monitoring" and nothing else, since the carrier is turned off.
Because of the lack of carrier, you can't transmit. Still, if you
only want to display data, this might be one way of doing it. Also,
some modems now have a side input jack for playing data into them from
a tape recorder. This, too, might be worth checking out.
Phil Lapsley
(d.jlapsley@Berkeley)
------------------------------
Date: 4 Apr 1983 0036-EST
From: Richard K. Braun <BRAUN at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Modem conferencing
The problems found in trying to wire up 3 or more modems on the same
circuit aren't surprising. To work properly, each one would have to
be allocated its own separate send and receive frequencies.
There is an obvious solution, though. You set up N modems at the
master site, connected to one machine thru separate terminal lines,
and use separate phone lines to talk to each site. (Doesn't matter
which end is originating or answering). The extra costs of this
approach are the extra modems and phone lines, which are most likely
already present at any fair-size computer facility. Software to tie
them all together isn't too tough, until you get into fancy things
like splitting up the screen into N sections so the users can all type
in their own zones simultaneously, etc.
Regards, Rich
------------------------------
Date: 4 Apr 1983 0839-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: The "Long Distance" Charge
This has been explained here many times before, but questions seem to
keep coming back up:
Everyone will have to pay the Long Distance charge, no matter whose
long distance service they use. In fact, the long distance charge is
there precisely so you can use whichever long distance service you
prefer.
In the past, a VERY large part of your local telephone company's
income came from money they received from AT&T as a commission for
providing a service to AT&T -- the service of connecting local
telephones to the nationwide long distance network. This was paid by
AT&T to every local telephone company, Bell Company or Independent.
It was an incredibly complex system of calculations.
But now, anyone who wants can provide long distance service. If you
read your newspapers, you'll see adds not just for AT&T, Sprint, and
MCI, but for Citicall, Skyline, and more.
The courts have decided that the system of commissions won't work in
the new multi-network environment. Since the local telephone
companies have to have a way to recover that income (or they'll go
broke, and you won't have any service at all), it's going to have to
be paid by you.
Why isn't it based on the cost of your long distance calls? This
could cause your local company to give preferential treatment to
long-distance carriers with higher rates, so that they get a larger
commission.
Why isn't it based on number of minutes talking long distance?
Because your local telephone company may not be equipped to measure
your con- versation time through all the different long distance
carriers.
But eight dollars per phone seems high to me. Especially since AT&T's
total Toll revenue last year (Message, WATS, and private line) was
$33.26x10^9, or only $133.03 per person.
------------------------------
Date: 4 Apr 83 11:02:15 PST (Monday)
From: lynn.es@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: Calling card query
Pacific Telephone recently announced that they would no longer allow
you to charge a call to another phone (not the caller or callee) until
the operator receives permission from someone at the phone receiving
the charges. Of course if you have to ask to charge it to your home
phone (the usual case), you won't be home to give the operator
permission. The fact that Pac Tel is pushing the use of their Calling
Cards in such situations seems to indicate that they realize (but
weren't explicityly admitting) that the new policy was in essence
discontinuing a service that many people use, at least occasionally.
------------------------------
Date: 5 Apr 83 14:52:52 EST (Tue)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@Brl-Vld.ARPA>
cc: cmoore@Brl-Vld.ARPA
Subject: zipcodes & phone prefixes
Is the info regarding areas served by particular exchanges available
(along the lines of the zipcode directory)? I know that a phone
prefix will, in general, serve a wider area than 5-digit zipcode, but
it does come in handy when you are not very familiar with a given
area.
------------------------------
Date: 5 Apr 1983 2339-EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS>
Subject: Modems and 3rd number fraud
If you're willing to hack some hardware, you can do something like the
following:
You want modem A to initiate a link by calling modem B, and then put
modem C online to log all that passes between modems A and B. This is
how I see your intent. Ideally, you would have modem C grab its
extension, and presumably under software control, first see if there
is a valid carrier on the line. If so, then listen to it, but don't
*transmit*, because that would interfere with A and B's protocol. You
would have to install something that would prevent modem C's sending
signal from reaching the line, and to effectively fake it into
believing that it is really online in both directions. If you're
using acoustic modems, it would be like removing the microphone disk
from C's handset. The incoming carrier would kick C into action, but
its answering tone would never get to the line. With direct-connect,
you could probably install something in the path of the sent signal
that would disable its getting out under certain conditions.
The next step after this is to interface two receive-only modems to
your micro, one in answer mode and one in originate mode, and have a
program to display both sides of a given ''conversation'' on a split
screen. I had the notion to build such a thing for diagnosing modem
line problems a while back; it more or less stagnated because there
are much easier ways to troubleshoot.
As regards 3rd-number billing: When I was hacking TSPS, we used to get
obviously fraudulent 3rd-number calls all day long. These were ones
in which someone would call home and 3rd charge, say ''come pick me
up'' and then hang up and leave. The lose was that we were *required*
to connect the original call first, and then go check the billed-to
number for verification. By the time the 3rd party answered and said
''no'' [if they answered at all], the original call was over and done
with. If the attempt to get the calling party to stick money in the
pay phone failed, it was passed off as a loss. When I brought all
this to the attention of the management [of course they knew all about
it already], they informed me that it was company policy and there was
nothing they could do about it. And you wonder why I left?? They
seem to have finally seen the light now.
_H*
------------------------------
Date: 6 April 1983 00:37 EST
From: Richard P. Wilkes <RICK @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Speaker Phones and Ringer Equivs
Two unrelated questions:
I have been looking for a speakerphone that does not inflict the
echo-chamber effect on whoever happens to be on the other end. I
currently have one of the Radio Shack speakerphones but the echo is
horrible and the voice activated circuit makes the conversation almost
unintelligible (why can't I talk and listen at the same time?)
Anyway, if anyone has had any positive experience with a brand of
speakerphone, I would appreciate hearing from you.
Next question: what is the "maximum" total ringer equivalence that I
can hook onto one phone line? What happens if this is exceeded?
Thanks. -r <Rick at MIT-MC>
<zza_a116.jhu@UDEL-RELAY>
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
7-Apr-83 06:50:04-PST,7155;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 7-Apr-83 06:46:38
Date: 7 Apr 1983 0646-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #22
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Friday, 8 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 22
Today's Topics: American Bell Speaker Phones
Phone Rate Restructuring
Headsets Vs. Headsets
Centrex/FRS - Routing Table Games
[The date of this digest is one day ahead (so was Yesterday's)
I will adjust for this over the weekend. --JSol]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1983 11:11 EST
From: Chuck Weinstock <Weinstock%Tartan-20@CMU-CS-C>
Subject: Speaker Phones [TELECOM Digest V3 #21]
American Bell has a new "speaker phone" they call the Quorum. It is
designed to be used in a conference room, and has a rather strange
appearance, being a rod sticking straight up into the air (I assume
this is the microphone). It apparently doesn't suffer from the
problems of echo and voice lockout. Drawback: they want over $1,700 +
$250 installation!
Chuck
------------------------------
Date: 6 Apr 83 10:32 PST (Wednesday)
From: Thompson.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #21
cc: Thompson.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
More regarding the whole phone rate flap.
I agree with Lauren that the whole system as proposed will not wash
with the public. I, too, think that the current system being imposed
will produce a different political, rather than regulatory solution in
fairly short order. I can't imagine that the public is willing to
throw away the concept of a phone for every home without a major flap.
I was of the opinion, all along, that if it wasn't broke they
shouldn't have tried to fix it.
On long distance access charges. I am hard pressed to see the
rationale that we should get stuck with flat rate for long distance
access when they are no longer willing to give us flat rate for local
access. If this is supposed to be true dereg then the whole thing
should be moved to "cost of service". In that case, access to a long
distance carrier is a half of a local call. The long distance carrier
should then be billed a half measured charge at the other end and pay
it to the terminating, far end local company.
Geoff
[I think you miss the point, it's not Flat Rate Long Distance, it's a
charge to get on, and a metered charge to use the service. Perhaps
that metered charge will be the same no matter where you call
(eventually?), but imagine paying $7.00/mo + measured rates per call
for local service, and $7.00/mo + measured rates per call for long
distance. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 6 Apr 83 13:42:04 PST (Wednesday)
From: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Headsets
cc: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
How come everybody and his brother isn't clamoring for headsets? This
"pinch handset between ear and shoulder" business is for the birds.
And these kludges that you clamp on a handset to rest on your shoulder
are utterly worthless. Why aren't headsets the default? Anybody know
where I can get a CHEAP, LIGHTWEIGHT headset with a modular jack that
I can carry around with me? Especially with all these cordless
portables coming out -- why are they all handsets instead of headsets?
Seems like it sort of defeats half the purpose...
--Bruce
------------------------------
Date: 7 Apr 1983 0333-EST
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS>
Subject: Routing table games
Interesting recent bug: Rutgers is on a centrex in a split ESS office,
no less, and the software to keep it straight must be hairy. Lots of
the phones have toll restriction patterns. One type, arbitrarily
named a B phone, may call a limited out-of-area radius, about 100
miles worth. This includes distinctions within our own area code
[201], in that you can't call places way up in North Jersey near the
NY border, but you can call New York City, Philly, and spots in South
Jersey. It is really a table built to include a roughly circular
calling limit.
Recently I noticed that the error return for an attempted out-of-area
call was being handled wrong: Instead of giving a recording or
reorder, the calls were being *passed* to a couple of exchanges in
Union, NJ. Specifically, anything with an area code ending in 7 would
map the next 4 numbers into the 687 exchange. NPAs ending in 6 wound
up in 686. Therefore if you dialed 617-253-6062 you'd get
201-687-2536. It took a while to figure out that this was happening,
because not all numbers dialed mapped to real defined numbers in those
offices [were met with a really crufty crossbar reorder signal].
Finally I made a wild guess as to who was in what central office in
New Brunswick, and hit it on the first shot: I got a nice friendly guy
at the SCC who I explained the problem to [Repair was no help, because
as soon as I said something about an unpure routing table they got
*very* confused!]. He actually understood, after I gave him an
example number at Rutgers that was doing this. He had a look at that
extension's status bits and realized what was going on. He told me to
call back in an hour and by that time he should have had it fixed.
An hour later I duly called back. He explained things as follows:
There exists a service called Flexible Route Selection, which is
basically an optimizer. If you have a centrex with tie lines to X,
and some WATS lines, and some other regular ones, FRS will figure out
where your call is going and route it the cheapest possible way. The
service costs a lot, and is only sensible for large business
applications. The B phones have something similar to this service,
apparently, which is how they worked out the restriction tables. If
you dial a number that is in the ''more expensive'' table, you get
routed into limbo which tells you that you can't call there. A small
fix could let such calls grab a different trunk and be completed; a
*bug* could let calls get misrouted to Union, NJ. The guy was really
nice about it, first really human switchman I've ever talked to. He
did indeed fix the problem; it took all of 5 minutes to install a
small patch in the table.
The problem with FRS, as I see it, is that it takes forever to do the
table search to find out if you can make your call or not. When you
dial a number that is near the edge of the calling area [where it
therefore can't consult the *local* tables], even by ''confirming''
the call with the # key doesn't help the as much as 3-second delay
before it gets out of the office. Well, crufty algorithms aside,
apparently the demand for such a thing is enough for it to be
implemented. Does anyone know more specifics about it? The switching
type didn't really go into intense detail about how it worked or why;
I've reproduced what he did say as best I can.
_H*
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
9-Apr-83 13:19:28-PST,5002;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 9-Apr-83 13:19:03
Date: 9 Apr 1983 1319-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #23
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 10 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 23
Today's Topics:
Product Report - StarMate Headsets
New Proposals For Telephone Charges In Atlanta
Long Distance Access Charges (2 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 8 Apr 83 12:08:49 EST
From: Gene Hastings <HASTINGS@CMU-CS-C>
Subject: Re: Headsets
To: Hamilton.ES@PARC-MAXC
The device you want is a "Starmate" (MH0224-1) from Pacific
Plantronics (234 Encinal St., Santa Cruz). It is one of their Starset
IIs attached to a switch box that goes in series with a modular
handset. It has a volume switch and a trasfer key (handset/headset).
Its drawback is that it's $163.60 ($147.30 10-24) list. It does not
have the standard double phone plug like an operator's headset does,
so it can ONLY be used in the handset line.
Other alternatives are: get a jack-equipped set from your
telco, or add a Jackset youself (this would not be portable); make
your own version of the Starmate; make your own station set that
accepts whatever you please using one of the hybrid chips from TI
,AMD, SGS, etc.
JS&A has a headset style cordless phone in their catalog,
(answer only) but as of last month, they still weren't available ( I
understand this is not unusual for JS&A).
Gene
------------------------------
Date: 8 Apr 83 2:07:30-EST (Fri)
From: Mljfw.emory at UDel-TCP
Subject: new proposals for telephone charges in Atlanta
Well, if this doesn't take the cake. At present, Atlanta, Georgia has
one of the largest districts for local calls. i.e. one can call a
good ways away without incurring long distance charges. But recently,
it has been proposed that the local calling area be chopped up into
different districts. As a result, places that are now local would be
long distance. This really isn't so bad, I mean they have to make
their money somehow, but what is bad is that they want to make place
within WALKING DISTANCE long distance. { this may or may not be
true... my info is from various sources including editorial columns in
Atlanta newspapers. }
I hope it doesn't pass.
Jay Weiss
< mljfw @ emory >
------------------------------
Date: 8-Apr-83 15:52:38-EST (Fri)
From: cbosgd!mark@Berkeley (Mark Horton)
Subject: long distance access charges
re:
[I think you miss the point, it's not Flat Rate Long Distance,
it's a charge to get on, and a metered charge to use the
service. Perhaps that metered charge will be the same no
matter where you call (eventually?), but imagine paying
$7.00/mo + measured rates per call for local service, and
$7.00/mo + measured rates per call for long distance. --JSol]
Are you saying the local rates are supposed to go down to compensate
for the new access charge? I wouldn't mind this, but this is NOT what
is happening. The local rates are going UP, and by whopping amounts
that make the gas increases look reasonable! There has been no
mention whatsoever of reducing the local rates. And even if you could
claim that the local rates are going up less than they would have
otherwise, how can you claim that the local rates would have otherwise
gone up by over 100%?
[You are correct, Local rates will probably NOT go down. The figures I
quoted were just an explanation. Rates will go up, however the way
this is implemented will end up being different than most people are
used to. Local telephone service charges will probably be split into
two parts, the part which is the original service charge, and the part
which was the AT&T subsidy before the divestiture. Therefore you will
pay more, but you will be told that you are now in fact paying the
total cost of providing service to your home. AT&T's rate for long
distance CALLS should go down drastically. This will in fact benefit
heavy users of the network, while taxing light users for the liability
of supporting their phone needs (however minimal and remote they are).
--JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 7 Apr 83 14:31 EST (Thursday)
From: clark.wbst@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #22
Businesses in competition with AT&T convinced the public that AT&T was
evil and that they should be broken up. The public got what they
asked for. They only clear winners are AT&T and the businesses
competing with them - The same 'Big Business' the public thought they
were striking down. The only clear loser is the public at large, and
anyone who has to use the phone system to communicate.
--Ray
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
13-Apr-83 05:42:12-PST,6633;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 13-Apr-83 05:41:44
Date: 13 Apr 1983 0541-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #24
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 13 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 24
Today's Topics:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 9 Apr 1983 1434-PST
From: ROODE at SRI-NIC (David Roode)
Subject: long distance access charge
The label on the bill would more properly read
Monthly Service $12
Add'l Monthly Service Formerly Recovered $ 7
Out of AT&T Long Distance Revenues
I do not think this has anything to do with the matter of splitting
AT&T up. Rather it stems from the decision to allow competition in the
long distance market. The total volume of long distance will increase
significantly--AT&T will just have a smaller share, which can no
longer (and never should have) subsidize the cost of local service.
Another wrinkle: to avoid a further deviation would require that the
increase be applied only to flat-rate customers, with measured
customers subjected to metering on their long distance calls (at local
rates) in addition to the costs of whatever long distance service they
desire to use. Not only are the costs being shifted from long
distance to local, but they are being shifted from usage-sensitive to
non-usage-sensitive as well. An effect counter to those who use their
phone subsidizing the "existence cost" for the phones of those who do
not is being seen here.
------------------------------
Date: 10 Apr 83 12:34:42 EST (Sun)
From: smb@mhb5b
Subject: long distance access charges
Reply-To: smb@unc
One more point about the access charges -- the alternative considered
by the FCC was a surcharge on long-distance *calls*, rather than a
flat rate; this was rejected because it would encourage the formation
of private networks by large corporations.
-Steve Bellovin
smb.unc@udel-relay
------------------------------
Date: 10 Apr 1983 1155-PST
From: GRANGER.RS%UCI@USC-ECL
Subject: Automated Calling Card authorization and dialled international calls
To those of you who have been interested in Calling Cards and the new
automated authorization system, I offer the following anecdote (which,
by the way, has not yet ended -- I'll keep you posted):
Our Story: In the predawn hours of a bleak winter morning in
Brookline, Mass., a certain Bell customer (namely, me) regretfully and
reluctantly leaves the warm comfort of his guest-bed (I'm a
houseguest, you see, visiting some friends) to take advantage of
off-peak IDDD rates to Italy (the rates change at 7 AM, and the only
time of day you can call Europe off-peak without it being the middle
of the night there is in the early morning hours here).
Not wishing to add to my friends' phone bill, I naturally opt to use
my Calling Card (issued by Pacific Tel, since my home and, therefore,
my residential service, are in Orange County, California). Now New
England Telephone, I know from previous experience, has recently
implemented a system of automated authorization for Calling Card
numbers: it works on both domestic U.S. and international calls, and
eliminates the need for operator-assistance by permitting you to use
the tone-dial buttons to enter your Calling Card number. The way it
works is as follows: on domestic U.S. calls, you dial "0" instead of
"1" as the prefix to the area code+ number, and, instead of an
operator instantly intercepting with his/her customary "Your billing,
please?" or "May I help you?", you get, first, a simple beep tone, and
then, if you do not respond to it within a pre- specified time-out, a
pre-recorded voice message which says (quite firmly, it seems!):
"Please enter your Calling Card number NOW." It waits a few more
seconds, and if you still insist on sitting there dumbfounded and
don't do anything, THEN, finally, a live operator comes on the line.
PRECISELY this same sequence of events takes place on an international
call, when you dial 01 instead of 011 as the prefix to the country
code, local area code, and number.
Now, since I am a relatively hip user of the Bell System, I know
enough to enter my Calling Card number at the first beep, thus
obviating the necessity for operator-intervention. And, in fact, that
is what I did on the particular occasion being recounted here in Our
Story: I dialled an international call and entered my Calling Card
number myself, without requiring operator-assistance. When I did this,
the pre-recorded voice came back on with a courteous "Thank you," and
the call went through. I talked for less than one minute, and,
according to page A59 of the Orange County White Pages for 1982-83,
should have been billed $1.42 for one minute of off-peak ("economy"),
direct-customer-dialled conversation.
But lo! Arrives my bill from Pacific Tel about a month later, and what
should I find in the long-distance itemized calls section, to my
dismay, but an item from precisely that time and date tagged with the
code for "operator-assisted!"
I am indignant. How DARE they charge me for operator-assistance when
there was none? How DARE those rogues try to skim an additional $5.63
from me to pay the wages of a non-existent operator! I call the
business office in a blind rage. I explain to them what happened. They
of course have never heard of automated Calling-Card authorization --
"Sir, it is just IMPOSSIBLE to use a Calling Card without
operator-assistance." I correct them, gently, at first, then firmly,
then forcefully, then angrily. I speak to three supervisors and the
business-office manager. Naturally, they think I am some sort of
Crazy Person.
And, naturally, I refuse to pay the $7.05 I have been billed, and
instead pay the $1.42 I should have been billed, and deduct the $5.63
difference from my payment. And, just as naturally, my bill for the
past few months has continued to reflect the additional $5.63 as a
balance due. So far, I have not had any harassment over it, but, when
and if, I am determined to take it to the PUC and/or FCC and beyond,
if necessary, to receive my due redress!
Callers of the World, Unite! You have nothing to lose but the Bell
System's sneaky billing practices!!!!
To be continued, if and when...
[Don't blame the Bell System, Pacific Telephone is on its own now!
--JSol]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
14-Apr-83 05:39:15-PST,4811;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 14-Apr-83 05:38:30
Date: 14 Apr 1983 0538-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #25
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 14 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 25
Today's Topics:
International Calling Card Calls (4 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 13 Apr 1983 1204-CST
From: Clive Dawson <CC.Clive@UTEXAS-20>
Subject: Calling Card Use on International Calls
I too was a victim of outrageous charges when using my calling card
for international calls. In this case it was to Mexico, and involved
several calls before I received my next phone bill. I went through
several levels of business office people and supervisors quoting the
little brochure which said that calling cards were cheaper than
operator-assisted on *all* out-of-state calls (my emphasis). They
refused to classify international calls as "out-of-state" (what are
they? in-state?!).
Anyway, I was contesting a total amount of around $20, and was stunned
when one supervisor actually started "bargaining"! We ended splitting
the cost at $10 each. This was a first for me--I didn't know Bell
would ever resort to compromising on a contested charge that didn't
involve some unknown factor like the time of interruption of a long
distance call, etc.
And talking about Mexico, I should again mention my pet peeve with the
multi-national communications establishment (whoever that is) which
allows such outrageous rates for long distance calls. It is still the
case, I believe, that the single most expensive telephone call I can
make from Austin, Texas to ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD is to Mexico. If any
newcomers to TELECOM can shed light on the reasons for this, please
let me know.
Clive
------------------------------
Date: Wed Apr 13 1983 14:20:09-PST
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Direct Dialed Calling Card Calls
At least for Domestic calls, you do NOT get "direct-dialed" rates for
automated use of a calling card. In some cases (maybe all cases, by
now) you pay somewhat less of a surcharge than you would for operator
assisted, but a surcharge is still there. (There's nothing really
wrong with the concept of the surcharge: after all, you *are* making a
more "complex" call in that billing information has to be passed back
to your "home" telco and integrated with your local billing.)
I can't recall hearing anything about surcharge reductions for
international calls with automated calling cards. Telco may have you
on this one.
Anybody know for sure?
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 13 Apr 1983 2333-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Self-dialed Calling Card Calls to overseas points
Sorry, but Pacific Telephone is billing you the correct, authorized,
and only legal rate.
The calling card rate has nothing to do with whether you dial the
calling card yourself or give it to an operator.
Calling card calls to overseas points cost the same as operator
assisted calls to overseas points. This is the rate that AT&T filed
with the FCC, the rate that the FCC approved, and the rate you are
required to pay for the service you obtained.
Yes, it's rotten. The only thing you can do is write to the FCC and
complain that the rate is unfair. That might help change it for the
future, but for now, there is no special rate for calling card calls
to overseas points.
(AT&T introduced the lower calling card rates on calls within the
country to compete with lower rates offered by the Other Common
Carriers for a similar service. The initial filing was for an even
lower rate; the FCC told them that the rate they had asked for was too
low. There is no competition in the international market. Also, the
calling card rate has to be averaged over the cost of providing the
service both for calls originating within the U.S. as well as for
calls made TO the U.S. from abroad. The same rate must be charged in
both cases; AT&T gets charged a higher rate by the overseas
administrations for the calling card call and averages this (by FCC
order) over all calling card calls.)
------------------------------
Date: 14 April 1983 00:22 est
From: Schauble.HIS_Guest at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #24
Reply to Granger.RS%UCI@USC-ECL
I think that the lesson here is to not use the direct Calling Card
entry until Bell prices it appropriately. If you are paying for the
operator, use the operator.
Paul
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
15-Apr-83 05:53:03-PST,2281;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 15-Apr-83 05:52:33
Date: 15 Apr 1983 0552-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #26
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Friday, 15 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 26
Today's Topics:
MCCS (Self Service Credit Card Calls) (2 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 14 Apr 1983 1026-PST
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #25
Remember that MCCS is also more convenient for the user; not just the
telco. I agree that the reduced surcharge should be applied to
overseas calls as well, but, as John Covert points out, the tarrifs
are as they are. Why cut off your nose to spite your face Paul?
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 14 Apr 1983 1848-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Calling Card Calls
One of our readers suggested that until you get a better rate for
dialing the calling card yourself, to use the operator.
On overseas, you may have a point, since there is no difference
between the operator assisted rate and the calling card rate.
On in-state and inter-state calls, there is a difference between the
charge for a calling card call and a call which requires operator
assistance for something else. But there is no difference between the
calling card rate when you enter the number and the calling card rate
when the operator enters the number.
But PLEASE enter the number yourself, whenever possible. I've
discussed this with the FCC -- I was irate when they ordered AT&T to
charge $1.05 instead of $0.50 for calling card calls. They explained
it this way: the charge will be the same for both self-dialed and
operator entered calls because it is the same service (just like the
rate is the same for direct dialed calls and calls dialed by an
operator where facilities for direct dial don't exist). When the
percentage of self-dialed calling card calls increases so that the
cost decreases, the FCC will permit AT&T to lower the rate.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
20-Apr-83 07:02:12-PST,6064;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 20-Apr-83 07:01:39
Date: 20 Apr 1983 0701-PST
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #27
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 20 April 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 27
Today's Topics:
Calling Cards For International Calls
Hands-Free Telephony
Portable terminals
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 17 Apr 1983 at 1103-PST (Sunday)
From: tekecs!stevenm.Tektronix@Rand-Relay
Return-Path: <tekecs!stevenm.tektronix@rand-relay>
Re: calling cards for international calls
I agree with the sentiment that charges for calling cards for
international calls should be normalized, but I own and use a calling
card anyway. I have found it essential for overseas use. The reasons
are as follows:
1) Many (most) countries have phone systems which are
extremely primitive in comparison to ours;
2) Additionally, phones are not as widely available in some
countries as in America.
3) Many countries will not accept reverse-charged calls
These factors conspire, in many countries (eg. Ireland, where I
traveled most recently) to make long distance calls from somewhere
other than a fairly fancy hotel impossible. Staying at phone-less Bed
& Breakfast places in Ireland, I was forced to use pay phones
(typically in taverns) for my long distance calling. I placed a call,
and then had a few pints waiting for the operator to put it through.
The hitch is that if I hadn't had the calling card, I would have had
to put about $20 (uh, 12 pounds or so) in the phone in 5 pence pieces.
Because of limitations on the size of the coin boxes on these phones,
that, of course, was impossible.
S. McGeady
------------------------------
Date: Mon Apr 18 10:15:56 1983
From: harpo!hou2b!dvorak@UCB-VAX
Subject: HANDS-FREE TELEPHONY
There has been a fair amount of inaccurate information appearing here
with regards to devices permitting hands-free audio. Note that in the
comments that follow, headsets are not included; rather, hands-free
audio pertains to a telephonic 'terminal' that has a microphone and a
speaker that anyone nearby can use.
For example, consider the traditional speakerphone. It is
voice-switched, which basically means that when it transmits, incoming
signals are essentially blocked. This feature is necessary to prevent
talker 1 from having his voice broadcast in talker 2's room, only to
be picked up by talker 2's mike and fed back to talker 1. Think of it
as a half-duplex device as compared to the full-duplex properties of
two talkers each using handsets: No voice-switching, so you can talk
and listen simultaneously. More importantly, you can interrupt the
other person--which is the way in which real people communicate. But
with a speakerphone, when you can hear the person talking from a
speakerphone, then you know he cannot hear you. Supervisory personnel
here at the Labs routinely use these devices, although it is unclear
whether it is (a) to indicate their status, (b) have their hands free,
(c) to be the live side of a half-duplex channel, or (d) all of the
above.
The 'rain-barrel' effect one gets when listening to someone on a
speakerphone is due to the reverbations within the room of the
speakerphone. It is echo, but multiple relections of short duration.
No practical technology exists to correct it other than acoustically
treating the room.
Which brings up the Quorum (TM) Mike, a linear array of mikes in a
vertical stalk that overcomes the hypersensitivity of other systems to
the dependence of volume level on the distance of the speaker from the
mike. It's neat--a conference room full of people sit and speak at
natural levels no matter where they are relative to the mike. The
receiving station hears a fairly uniform level.
But it is NOT the case that the 'echo' problem is solved. The device
is still voice-switched, and acoustic treatment is necessary to avoid
lots of reverb. The high price ($1700 was quoted here last week) is
testimony to the fact that it is intended for business/educational use
by rooms full of people who choose to teleconference rather than
travel.
Hope this all was of some help in clearing the air.
--Chuck Dvorak (floyd!hou2b!dvorak)
Bell Labs, Holmdel
------------------------------
Date: Monday, 11 April 1983 14:17-EST
From: Marvin Sirbu <SIRBU at MIT-XX>
Re: Portable terminals
The annual report of Motorola contains this note of interest:
[Motorola] has developed a unique land-mobile radio/data
communications system which gives users access to computers while on
the move. The basic element of the system is a handheld computer/data
terminal containing both a radio and a telephone modem. The system's
intelligent network controller directs messages between a large fixed
computer and the portable user, and controls the operation of the
radio network.
The portable computer/terminal ... features read-only and random
access storage, a two-line liquid crystal display, and an alphanumeric
keyboard...
The first customer, IBM has contracted for a system to be used by its
field service personnel. The IBM system will consist of approximately
250 separate citywide radio networks, coordinated by 20 intelligent
network controllers, each interfacing with the IBM nationwide computer
network. Each controller is capable of supporting up to 1,500
portable users. Installation will begin in late 1983 and is scheduled
for completion in 1985.
The article doesn't say whether packet radio or some other technique
is being used to control access.
Coupled with the recent FCC decision to liberalize the use of SCA's,
we may see even more of this kind of thing.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
22-Jun-83 16:19:02-PDT,11389;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 22-Jun-83 16:16:11
Date: 22 Jun 1983 1616-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #28
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 22 June 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 28
Today's Topics: No, The Digest Is Not Dead
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 June 1983 15:53-PST
From: The Moderator <JSol at USC-ECLC>
Subject: Where has TELECOM been?
I've been ill these past 8 weeks and have been unable to produce a
digest during that time. Please bear with me as I send out the backlog
of mail on the digest.
Also, due to time constraints, I did not produce a today's topics
section.
------------------------------
Date: Wednesday, April 20, 1983 6:28PM-EST
From: Andrew Scott Beals <SJOBRG.ANDY%MIT-OZ@MIT-ML>
Subject: NE Bell
Has anyone had major problems with even 300 baud communicatins under
New England Bilge's service?
------------------------------
Date: 21 Apr 1983 1044-PST
From: Wmartin@OFFICE-3 (Will Martin)
Subject: Cordless Headset-Phone
Just received a mail-order catalog of electronic gadgets and
noticed the following:
Hands-Free Cordless phone, #AD732446: $149.00 plus $4.50 shipping.
Unit is a clip-on-belt or pocketable 4 oz. black box with a keypad.
(The brand and name pictured on the unit itself is "Technidyne" "Hands
Free Go Fone".) The headset is a clip-on-the-ear lightweight
Walkman-type earphone with a boom mike (a little silver tube)
extending toward the mouth. (One inconsistency here -- the catalog
photo shows a model wearing one with an over-the-head band, but the
inset photo shows no headband, but just a behind-the-ear clip.) The
base unit is a woodgrain box with an hollowed-out area where the
portable unit can sit. I think it recharges the portable unit (there's
a control marked "charge" visible in the illustration) but the text
doesn't mention it.
The catalog is from SYNCHRONICS (Hanover, PA 17331)
Phone 1-800-621-5809 (in Il, 800-972-5858).
Maybe this is what is being looked for?
The catalog blurb indicates that they previously offerred a similar
model which did not have the keypad -- it was an answer-only phone.
Regards, Will Martin
------------------------------
[UUCP readers - mail to ...!brl-bmd!telecom. Other addresses get
returned undeliverable --JSol]
From harpo!hou2b!dvorak Mon Apr 18 13:21:31 1983 remote from decvax
Date: Mon Apr 18 09:48:39 1983
Subject: HANDS-FREE TELEPHONY
There has been a fair amount of inaccurate information appearing here with
regards to devices permitting hands-free audio. Note that in the comments
that follow, headsets are not included; rather, hands-free audio pertains to
a telephonic 'terminal' that has a microphone and a speaker that anyone nearby
can use.
For example, consider the traditional speakerphone. It is voice-switched,
which basically means that when it transmits, incoming signals are essentially
blocked. This feature is necessary to prevent talker 1 from having his voice
broadcast in talker 2's room, only to be picked up by talker 2's mike and fed
back to talker 1. Think of it as a half-duplex device as compared to the full-
duplex properties of two talkers each using handsets: No voice-switching, so
you can talk and listen simultaneously. More importantly, you can interrupt
the other person--which is the way in which real people communicate. But
with a speakerphone, when you can hear the person talking from a speakerphone,
then you know he cannot hear you. Supervisory personnel here at the Labs
routinely use these devices, although it is unclear whether it is (a) to
indicate their status, (b) have their hands free, (c) to be the live side of
a half-duplex channel, or (d) all of the above.
The 'rain-barrel' effect one gets when listening to someone on a speakerphone
is due to the reverbations within the room of the speakerphone. It is echo,
but multiple relections of short duration. No practical technology exists
to correct it other than acoustically treating the room.
Which brings up the Quorum (TM) Mike, a linear array of mikes in a vertical
stalk that overcomes the hypersensitivity of other systems to the
dependence of volume level on the distance of the speaker from the mike.
It's neat--a conference room full of people sit and speak at natural levels
no matter where they are relative to the mike. The receiving station hears
a fairly uniform level.
But it is NOT the case that the 'echo' problem is solved. The device is still
voice-switched, and acoustic treatment is necessary to avoid lots of reverb.
The high price ($1700 was quoted here last week) is testimony to the fact that
it is intended for business/educational use by rooms full of people who
choose to teleconference rather than travel.
Hope this all was of some help in clearing the air.
--Chuck Dvorak (floyd!hou2b!dvorak)
Bell Labs, Holmdel
------------------------------
Date: 25 Apr 83 11:07:34 EDT
From: Gene Hastings <HASTINGS@CMU-CS-C>
Subject: Re: Sources of modular plugs & tools
To: smb.unc@UDEL-RELAY, smb.mhb5b.unc@UDEL-RELAY
Phone: 412/578-3803
In-Reply-To: Your message of 10 Apr 83 12:36:08 EST
I'm sending this again to various addresses, as the first
attempt got returned and the second my own mailer didn't like..
AMP makes everything: 4, 6, and 8-position plugs, jacks and
cable. I haven't gotten them to tell me what kind of availability or
pricing (particularly on tooling) they have.
Tools are available from Jensen at $140ea. for a single use tool.
Gene
P.S. We have found (empirically) that the Radio Shaft tools
break REAL EASY, but they don't mind replacing them (the first
time, anyway). They also don't always do an acceptable job of
closing the cord grip cam.
------------------------------
Date: 3 May 83 15:59-EST (Tue)
From: Steven Gutfreund <gutfreund.umass-cs@UDel-Relay>
Return-Path: <gutfreund%umass-cs.UMASS-CS@UDel-Relay>
Subject: Teleports
Yesterday's NYT had an interesting article in the business section
about Teleports and the rising importance of telecomunications
(5/2/83).
The basic thesis is that while in the past, firms tended to locate
near rivers, good highways, and nearby natural resources (coal, lime,
electricity, etc). Now the importance of good access to various forms
of telecommunications is the key.
Examples:
In NYC the Microwave band is full up. Most firms have moved their
computer back offices to arizona, because of expensive leases and lack
of fully air-conditions offices in-city. Nevertheless, the
headquarters needs access to their machines. What is the answer if one
can't microwave?
The answer: A farm of satellite dishes on Staten Island connected
via fiber optics to downtown offices.
Landlords to seem to be realizing that good pbx and other telephoney
gear can attract tenants. Cited in the article are new buildings being
billed as having: local nets, shared communal WATTS lines (great for
incubator companies like those in First Cambridge), internal mixed
data and phone lines, internal teleconferncing. Also various motels
are looking at putting terminals in the rooms.
"At Harbor Bay Island, a residential and business community under
development in Alameda, Calif. near San Francisco, a high-speed
communications network will connect all homes and offices, and all
homes will be given personal computers, just as they are now provided
with ovens and ranges"
- Steven Gutfreund
------------------------------
Date: 5 May 83 14:04:13 EDT (Thu)
From: cmoore@Brl-Vld.ARPA
Sender: cmoore@Brl-Vld.ARPA
cc: cmoore@brl-vld.arpa
As far as I know so far, the V&H tape does not indicate whether
prefixes with the same place name serve the same or different
geographic areas. The long way of checking this out is to compile
some addresses & phone #'s from the area in question.
------------------------------
Date: 6 May 83 10:30:06 EDT (Fri)
From: smb@mhb5b
Return-Path: <smb%mhb5b%Mhb5b.UNC@UDel-Relay>
Subject: recording conversations
To: unc!telecom
Reply-To: smb@unc
What are the legal requirements for recording a conversation? I was
under the impression that it was legal as long as one of the parties
to the call consented; however, the phone book for the jurisdiction in
question (not mine; I'm asking for a friend) says that a beeper gadget
is required. Whose rule is that, the government's or the phone
company's? What happens if you ignore it?
--Steve Bellovin
smb.unc@udel-relay
------------------------------
Date: 9 May 1983 11:32-PDT
From: John Gilmore <sun!gnu@Berkeley>
Subject: Charges for "touch tone lines"
My central office was recently upgraded to ESS, and Pacific Tel is now
chasing down subscribers who have been using touch-tone telephones on
lines that are not billed as providing touch tone service.
The line in question has never had a Bell System phone on it; it was
ordered as a plain line, for use with a DC Hayes Micromodem. They
charge $1.20/mo extra for touch-tone service, even when they don't
provide a phone, so I didn't get it. However, I later plugged in a
touch-tone phone and it worked fine.
It is my belief (someone who knows, please verify) that it doesn't
cost the phone company ANYTHING to provide touch-tone as opposed to
(or in addition to) rotary service on an ESS subscriber line. The
interface module is the same -- it's cheaper to have one kind than
two, and the interfaces are built with chips that understand both.
Furthermore, it costs the phone company money to gather the
information and administrate the collections from subscribers who are
using touch-tone and paying for rotary -- money that they presumably
recoup in the $1.20 charges for people they "catch".
Is there any real cost basis for rotary versus touch tone pricing?
------------------------------
Date: Tue May 10 1983 23:20:45-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Telecom Issues and C-SPAN
Just as a general note, I'd like to remind the readership that many of
the issues we've recently covered in this digest (including new
technologies, telephone rates and the Access Charge decision, etc.)
are discussed, by FCC Commissioners and other officials, on various
programs viewable on C-SPAN. This service (the Cable Satellite Public
Affairs Network) is available on many cable systems throughout the
U.S. Watch for listings like "Telecommunications Seminars" or "FCC
Proceedings". The former are particularly interesting since the very
issues in which we're interested are discussed quite frankly and
rather informally by persons who often actually know what they're
talking about!
These programs are usually taped by C-SPAN during the day and then run
on the network in the dead of night (C-SPAN spends most of the day on
more "general interest" programming including House of Representatives
proceedings.)
I strongly recommend these programs, and C-SPAN in general.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
25-Jun-83 09:10:46-PDT,13185;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 25-Jun-83 09:10:09
Date: 25 Jun 1983 0910-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #29
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Friday, 24 June 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 29
Today's Topics:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 11 May 83 13:11:39 EDT (Wed)
From: cmoore@Brl-Vld.ARPA
It seems that Columbia, Md. exchange area has 4 different local areas
now (check of Nov. 1982 Balt. metro phone book and my V&H tape notes
shows 301-629, explained further below). They are:
"regular"--into but not beyond Baltimore city
Ellicott City service--Balt. metro
Laurel service--into but not beyond DC
Bowie-Glenn Dale service (301-629)--DC metro
------------------------------
Date: 13 May 1983 4:08-PDT
From: John Gilmore <sun!gnu@Berkeley>
Subject: Computers can now make credit card calls
I just realized last night that, now that you can make credit card
calls with touch-tones only, with no human interaction, it's possible
for computers to charge calls to each other (or anyone else!).
The application I was considering is a widespread set of people whose
micros call in to a central system. Until the central system gets
enough load to make it reasonable to hook up to eg Telenet, late-night
long distance would work. It would be easier to administrate if one
place got all the bills (tho it would also cost the $.50 surcharge per
call). This might also encourage use, whereas the user's having to
pay their phone bill and then collect later from the central site
might discourage use of the system.
There are obvious possibilities for abuse, but I suspect that the
phonies have traps that will call human attention to lines that make
too many charge calls too quickly.
PS: I guess this has always been possible with Sprint and MCI
anyway... still, there's something awesome about having your machine
wired into the massive Bell toll-collection mechanism.
------------------------------
Date: 19 May 1983 1504-PDT
From: Ted Shapin <BEC.SHAPIN@USC-ECL>
Subject: NY message lines
The May 19 Los Angeles Times had a article about the owners of an
adult-oriented magazine having one of 21 New York telephone numbers
for giving recorded information. The article stated that some people
were complaining because of the nature of the recorded information and
also stated that some of the revenue from incoming calls went to the
magazine and some to the NY telephone company. They also mentioned
$12,000 a day which is ridiculous because one line couldn't handle
that many calls.
Can someone from NY explain what the regulation is under which this
"one of 21" users is operating and what are the revenue implications?
Ted.
------------------------------
Date: 20 May 1983 21:48 EDT
From: Thomas L. Davenport <TLD @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Passive remote bells
Can anyone give me some pointers on this subject, particularly
commercially available objects of this type? Thanks!
------------------------------
Date: 23 May 1983 0921-PDT
From: Richard M. King <KING at KESTREL>
To: telecom at KESTREL
Does anyone know about a long distance service called
"Metrophone"? I saw an ad for it in the San Jose paper this weekend.
Dick
------------------------------
Date: Tue 24 May 83 16:55:09-PDT
From: Jim Celoni S.J. <Celoni@SU-SCORE.ARPA>
Subject: Pac Tel Proposes $838M Increase
Here's a summary (from a May bill insert) of the rate increases
Pacific Telephone has requested the Calif. Public Utilities Commission
to approve.
Estimated annual increases: total: $838 million; each residence:
$76.68
Interim increase: 95.44% surcharge as follows ($old $new):
Residential
Flat rate, ZUM areas (e.g. S.F.) 7.47 14.60
(other areas: 7.15 13.97)
Measured 4.00 7.82
Lifeline 2.67 5.22
FEX, ZUM 9.07 17.73 (non-ZUM: 8.75 17.10)
Business
Flat line 15.52 30.33
Measured 7.47 14.60 (line or trunk)
Flat trunk 23.20 45.34
Centrex measured 0.75 1.47 (flat, 2.35 4.59)
FEX 16.53 32.31 (line or trunk)
Semipublic coin 13.87 27.11
If no surcharge, then proposed new rates:
Residential
Flat rate ("Residential Premium") 15.00 (where measured not
offered, 11.50 till it is)
Measured 6.00
Lifeline 2.50 / 1st 10 calls; extras at 0.05 + 0.05/min
Business
Flat 19.00, Measured 11.00
Installation/moves
Residence up 5-9.25, business up 3-11, coin up 6.50-40,
"complex" up 18
ZUM: Orange Cty, Sacramento, North San Diego Cty added.
(charges in cents)
Zone 1 [0-8 mi] (from 2+1/min to) 3+1/min
(also applies to non-ZUM local)
Zone 2 [9-12 mi] (3+3/min) 5+4/min
Zone 3 [13-16 mi] (3+5/min) 5+7/min
Long distance [net 3% reduction]
"reduce certain ... rates within California"
Apply new dial rates to prepaid coin calls (initial period => 1 min)
Add quarter or half-dollar service charge to all prepaid coin calls.
Coin
Quarter/local call on dialtone-first sets.
Semipublic monthly rate (from $13 to) $25
Foreign Exchange
Increase "to equal the actual cost of the connection".
Base business & residential FEX charges on mileage
between COs/rate centers
Optional residential plans (ORTS/OCMS)
Increase usage charges 50% (from 50% MTS to 75%); adjust rates & allowances
[This is the one that hurts me the most!]
Other
Custom calling: make business & residential rates same.
Busy verify (from 0.25 to) 0.50, interrupt service (0.25) 1.00
"Increased surcharges ... for person ... and Calling Card calls"
Increase flat business trunk rates
New $3 charge for operator help contacting party w/ non-published #
Reduce 6.66% bill surcharge to 5.19%
("recovers the cost of inside wiring")
Reasons
Demand for profitable services fell short of forecasts
but costs fixed.
Competition reduces profitable services' subsidy for the rest.
Pac Tel must be financially sound without AT&T.
Depreciation increased; need to fund equipment replacement.
Hearings before the CPUC
13-24 June (SF, Fresno, Stockton, Red Bluff, Santa Rosa, San Diego,
LA, San Jose, Monterey)
Submit written comments to CPUC (350 McAllister St., SF CA 94102 or
107 S. Broadway, LA CA 90012). Reference "Application Nos.
83-01-22 and 82-11-07 of Pacific Telephone". Also write CPUC SF
if you want "to participate in an ongoing way and need advice on
how to do so".
Text of Applications available at Pac Tel's local offices and CPUC
offices.
+j
------------------------------
Date: 27 May 83 7:35:51 EDT (Fri)
From: Brint Cooper CTAB <abc@brl-bmd>
Subject: More on Calling Cards
From the Baltimore News-American, Thurs, 26 May 1983:
The C & P Telephone Co. (Md) is searching the globe for
phantom callers who used a woman's telephone credit card number to
tally a nine-day bill of $26,210.18. "The calls are made from all
over the nation," Donna Shor, the owner of a Washington direct mailing
service said Wednesday. "Obviously I'm not in all these places." The
338-page bill arrived Tuesday and weighed more than one pound. It
lists more than 2,300 domestic and international calls. During one
five-minute period on May 4, the card number was used by long distance
pirates in six American cities.
------------------------------
Date: 27 May 83 16:09:56 EDT (Fri)
From: Carl Moore VLD/VMB <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: "local access" telephone areas
The above turned up in a recent Washington (D.C.) Post article which I
have not yet read. (I have only seen a correction.) It says that
"Telephone customers in lower Calvert County (Md.) will be placed next
January in the Baltimore-calling area...and want to remain in the
Washington-calling area." This is certainly not local calling area;
sounds more like that "operator routing" I discussed several issues
back.
------------------------------
Date: Saturday, 28 May 1983 19:05:31 EDT
From: David.Anderson@CMU-CS-G
Subject: phone subsidies
From the Pittsburgh Press, Thursday, 26 May 1983
Washington (UPI) -- Sen. Bob Packwood, R-Ore., promised to introduce a
bill aimed a curbing local telephone rates he said may soar so high
that many people, especially in rural areas, would have to give up
their phones.
The chairman of the Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation
Committee said his bill has yet to be drafted but will seek subsidies
for rural and residential service. ... A bill calling for subsidies
was introduced by Packwood in the last Congress before the Justice
Department and the American Telephone & Telegraph Company agreed to
break up the company. That bill passed the Senate in 1981 but died in
the House.
... If nothing is done soon, Packwood said, many residential and rural
people "will no longer be able to afford telephone service." ...
Packwood said more than $4 billion in local telephone rate increases
are now pending before state regulatory commissions. His bill, he
said, will seek to ensure that any increases will be "reasonable."
------------------------------
Date: 3 May 1983 2129-EDT
From: HEDRICK@RUTGERS (Mgr DEC-20s/Dir LCSR Comp Facility)
Subject: query about phones
I have a problem which I would think would be fairly common. I have a
staff of about a dozen people, all of whom tend to wander around our
building (and sometimes other places, like their homes). Nonetheless,
we would like other people to be able to reach them. We end up
playing "telephone tag" with vendors, and have a general reputation
for being inaccessible (except to people who can send computer mail).
I would like some way for phone calls to follow us around. There are
some limitations:
- Our building has lots of electronic noise. We can only get one
radio station. There is reason to think that cordless phones
will have trouble working. And we have more staff than there
are channels for cordless phones.
- We have Centrex, without any of the ESS features (although the ESS
machine on which it is implemented does have them), and a
University office in charge of interfacing with the phone
company. We have strange agreements with the phone company,
e.g. one that does not allow us to order touch-tone phones,
even though they have been determined to work. It may prove
difficult for us to install a PBX for our group, though I will
try it if that is really the best approach.
Let me start with my somewhat idealistic specification. I think I
could build this myself with components currently available, but I
don't have time: A user dials a number for our group. It is really a
hunt group, but of course he doesn't know that. He is then asked to
dial an extra digit to say who he wants to talk to. (Or H for help?)
There will be a few extra options other than people's names, such as
the consultant on duty. Each desk will then have a single telephone.
When we go into a room, we will dial a code specifying which calls are
to be routed to this telephone. There will also be a way of
specifying that calls cannot currently be accepted for a given person.
When a person calls, he will enter the digit saying who he wants to be
connected to. One of the following will then happen:
- ring the phone that last said it was willing to accept calls for
that person
- tell the caller that the phone is busy but he may stay on the line
if he wants to wait
- tell the caller that that person is not available, but you will
have him call back. He would then enter a telephone number
where we could call him back, and the system would send
computer mail to the person.
I would be willing to accept a reasonable subset. I guess the
questions I am asking are:
- does anyone know of a cordless phone that can survive in
environments with lots of electrical noise (and preferably
that allow lots of different people to carry cordless phones
without interfering with each other)?
- does anyone know of call forwarding mechanisms that can be
installed "externally", i.e. like a phone answering machine
rather than as a PBX that would have to get the cooperation of
our telephone people.
- does anyone know of systems that provide "call snarfing" instead of
call forwarding? That is, the ability to walk into a room and
tell its telephone to pick up all calls for my phone -- either
in a real PBX or an external device. To be maximally useful,
such a system should allow us to exchange phones, that is for
each phone to pick up calls intended for the other. That
might be a challenge for conventional call forwarding systems.
I am looking for vendor names (with phone numbers if you happen to have
them) for systems that look like they might provide some reasonable
fraction of what we want.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
26-Jun-83 08:22:48-PDT,10342;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 26-Jun-83 08:19:06
Date: 26 Jun 1983 0819-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #30
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 26 June 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 30
Today's Topics: Calvert County, Md.
New Very Cheap Modem Technique
Phone Line Quality
Shuttle
Legal Recording Requirements
Watts Lines?
Charges For "Touch Tone Lines" (2 Msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 6 Jun 83 7:36:53 EDT (Mon)
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-bmd>
To: telecom@brl-bmd
Subject: Calvert County, Md.
Recent item I sent about Calvert County has to do, it turns out, with
the regions being formed at time of breakup of operating companies of
ATT. It is the intent that such breakup not disrupt present service,
but, prior to any changes, lower Calvert County would lose the 855
exchange (area 301) providing DC metro service (and it's this that's
being protested).
------------------------------
Date: 10 Jun 1983 1132-PDT
Subject: New very cheap modem technique
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
(Note: Since Telecom seems to have been inactive for some time, I
thought that I'd send this out to Human-Nets too, in order to get
immediate dissemination of the information.)
The following item is comprised of excerpts and paraphrases from the
June 1, 1983, issue of EMMS - Electronic Mail and Message Systems
Newsletter (V 7, # 11).
The general context of this item is an article regarding a new
consumer electronic product designed to download game software into an
Atari VCS from the phone line. It is called GameLine, and will charge
users $1 for a multiple-play session lasting 40 minutes to an hour.
There are grand plans for nationwide tournament play, prizes for the
winners, regional and national live tournaments, and such silliness.
The company is called Control Video Corp., run by Bill von Meister,
who (it says here) founded The Source, TDX Systems, the predecessor to
Western Union Electronic Mail, and other companies.
Anyway, the idea is that the backers of this venture decided that
people were not yet ready to pay for the terminals necessary to use
services like The Source, but that they were willing to buy games and
game hardware.
"To make this market a reality, a low cost modem was required that
would keep online time to a minimum. The Bell 103 was too slow and
the Bell 212A too expensive. In addition, since the service is not
designed to be interactive, but rather to downline load for offline
operation, a full-duplex modem wasn't required.
The result is that GameLine uses a non-standard, custom-designed modem
that operates in half-duplex from 900-1800 bps, depending upon line
quality. In addition, the modem has a built-in error-checking
procedure to make certain the files loaded have no errors. Indeed,
Mark Serif, Control Video's head of operations and one of the main
architects of GTE Telemail, told EMMS that the modem's error rate
operated two orders of magnitude better than specified.
Beyond that, Control Video is saying very little about it because it's
the key to the service. The modem, 4K of ROM, 10K of RAM and
interfaces to the Atari game loader and a telephone are all combined
in the 'Master Module', which will sell for $59.95 in retail stores.
Assuming the retailer adds a 20% markup and the distributor makes 10%,
this means Control Video is receiving about $40 for the modem [and the
rest of the assembly]. The fewer people able to develop a modem for
this low cost, the better they'll [Control Video] feel.
While the low cost modem is a plus, it also has one weakness; it is
not supported by packet networks. GameLine had to develop its own
nationwide network to be successful. To do this, Control Video has
leased a bank of In-WATS numbers, and is also setting up a regional
node system as the network expands. In all, the company expects to
have 250,000 to 400,000 users by the end of the first quarter of 1984,
which would make it one of the largest online services in the US in
terms of individual users."
The article goes on to discuss how these people have $5 million in
start-up funds and that von Meister is tied to the company with a
long-term contract. This could form the nucleus for expansion from
games into information transfer, plus online gambling as a possible
source of future income and problems.
Anyway, the modem is what I think may be of interest to the net. I've
long thought the prices for modems far too high to be justified by the
components and design costs; maybe this is what is needed to get 1200
bps modems down to the under-$100 range, where it can be coupled with
a $295 video terminal for a decent under-$500 home terminal setup.
I don't recall seeing anything about this technology in the electronic
or computer design magazines. If anyone out there knows anything
about this, and especially how it can be applied to produce
reasonably-priced 1200 bps modems compatable with the Vadics and Bell
212As now in use, please send info to the list.
Regards,
Will Martin
USArmy DARCOM ALMSA
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Jun 83 09:47:46 PDT
From: Richard Andrews <andrews@UCLA-LOCUS>
Subject: phone line quality
I am working on a Masters Thesis at UCLA concerning data transmission
over telephone lines, and I need some help. I am looking for any
publications or reports concerning the quality of telephone lines
(either Bell or non-Bell) for the transmission of data (maximum data
rates, error analysis, error control techniques, transmission
strategies, etc.) If anyone out there can point me towards any
references, it would be much appreciated. Since I am not on this
mailing list, please send any replies to andrews@ucla-locus. Thank
you!
Rich Andrews
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 21 Jun 83 14:11:07 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-bmd
Subject: shuttle
In a news article about the 900-410-6272 space shuttle tel. no., it
said that overseas callers have to dial their access code and
1-307-410-6272. Is this a misprint? If not, why the Wyoming area
code?
------------------------------
Date: 22 Jun 83 17:25:16 PDT (Wed)
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Legal recording requirements
I shall simply quote from my Pac Tel Telephone book:
"It is a crime under Federal Law for any person, including a tele-
phone subscriber, to wiretap or otherwise intercept a telephone call,
unless that person has first obtained the consent of ONE of the
parties actually participating in the call. Under California State
law, the consent of all the parties participating in the call must be
obtained before any person may record a telephone conversation or
before a person who is not a party to the call may eavesdrop on or
wiretap the call... Under Federal law, the penalty for illegal
wiretapping can be imprisonment for up to five years, fines up to
$10,000, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Under California
State law, the penalty can be imprisonment for up to one year, fines
up to $2,500 (or $10K in some cases), or by both such fine and
imprisonment."
As far as required "beep" tones at 15 second intervals: from what I
can see, it seems that is only a Pac Tel policy, and is not required
by Federal or State law.
It is interesting to note that employees or agents of the telephone
company can intercept and disclose telephone conversations if they are
working on behalf of their company, whatever that means. See section
18, U.S.C., in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968.
Phil
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 22 Jun 83 20:57:42 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-bmd>
Subject: WATTS LINES?
Come on, guys! The Wide Area Telecommunications Service is WATS.
WATTS lines connect you to the low rent district in California.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 22 Jun 83 23:19:11 EDT
From: Brint Cooper (CTAB) <abc@brl-bmd>
To: John Gilmore <sun!gnu@ucb-vax>
Subject: Re: Charges for "touch tone lines"
There is NO basis for charges for "touch-tone"<R> under AT&T
divetiture for these reasons (some of which always have been valid):
1. Early ESS equipment actually required a dial-pulse
converter in order to service rotary dial phones; hence, count
one expense for rotary service.
2. Since tone signalling takes less time than rotary dialing,
central office equipment is actually used a bit less per call for
touch-tone users--another cost savings in favor of touch-tone.
3. The basis for charging a fee for tone service lay in
the unamortized cost of rotary dial telephones which the local
phone company owned (but soon will no longer own) and some old
central office equipment. Since much of this cost basis dis-
appears as we all purchase our own phones, and since there are
other economies driving out old central office equipment, any
monthly service charge for tone signalling is at best archaic
and at worst a rip-off.
Brint Cooper
(abc@brl.Arpa)
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 23 Jun 83 15:28:55 EDT
From: jhh%ihldt@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Whether it costs more to provide Touch-Tone(TM) service on a 1ESS(TM)
switching system or not is irrelevant to the pricing question. Since
this is determined by tarriffs, the question is whether it costs more
to provide this service to anyone. Since it does cost money to
provide Touch-Tone service to mechanical office subscribers, everybody
must pay more for the service, since the tarriffs are written without
regard to the type of switch they are provided on.
John Haller
Touch-Tone is a trademark of AT&T, and, in their infinite wisdom,
1ESS, 2ESS, 3ESS, 4ESS, and 5ESS are trademarks of Western Electric.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
26-Jun-83 15:09:05-PDT,7296;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 26-Jun-83 15:08:43
Date: 26 Jun 1983 1508-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #31
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Monday, 27 June 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 31
Today's Topics: Cost Of Providing DTMF Service
Satellite Query
NY Legislature Vs. The Phone Company (212/718 split)
When It's Okay To Record A Phone Conversation
[TELECOM is now caught up with the backlog caused by my absence
from the net. Future digests will depend on the number
of messages submitted and may vary from a couple of
days to a week between issues. --JSol]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 23 Jun 83 9:47:06-EDT (Thu)
From: Robert Jesse <rnj.jhu@UDel-Relay>
In older offices, it *does* cost more to support DTMF dialing, in the
sense that if all of the subscribers decided they wanted that service,
the telco would have to upgrade their equipment. The argument for the
extra charge, even for customers served by the most modern CO
equipment, is based on "equity", "fairness", "uniformity", and
possibly also recovery of long-term research investment.
I for the longest time found it so annoying that I refused to pay the
$1.20/month, but recently I gave in. Perhaps this policy will change
as the local operating companies begin adopting more of the
"pay-what-it-costs" attitude we've been promised.
------------------------------
Date: 24 Jun 1983 1200-PDT
Subject: Satellite Inquiry
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
(I had originally tried to send this to "Home-Sat", but that mailing
list seems to have died as a result of the TCP changeover and MIT-AI's
demise. I think it relates enough to telecommunications to be a valid
item in this digest. -WM)
The following item appeared in the June 1, 1983, issue of EMMS -
Electronic Mail and Message Systems Newsletter, in the "Items of
Interest" section (by the way, this is full of satellite-oriented
announcements and news items, if you have an interest in such things):
"Western Union has retired its first commercial satellite from
operation after nine years of service. The satellite, Westar I, was
launched in April 1974 and had an expected life cycle of seven years.
In effect, WU depreciated the cost of the bird over seven years, so
for the last two years was deriving no tax breaks from its satellite.
On the other hand, it probably was incurring no costs either, with the
two extra years translating into large profits."
[End quote] -- OK, this raises questions in my mind. I figured this
is the most likely forum to find people knowledgeable about the
details of running a satellite, so here goes...
What is involved in "retiring" a satellite? Sending it a signal to go
into standby mode and then ignoring it thereafter? Sending it a
signal to blow up? (I envision this as the Hollywood interpretation,
where everything electronic can also explode.) Sending it some
irreversable signal to turn off completely? (I can't imagine
designing such an unrecoverable situation into the control program,
myself.)
I would guess that it is in some sort of standby mode now. Can't
anyone else with a transmitting earth station send signals to this
satellite to turn it back on and use it themselves? I would assume
these control signals are coded or encrypted somehow so that anybody
with a dish and an appropriate-frequency transmitter can't play around
with the satellite control systems while it is in operation, but what
about now that it is "retired"? The WU technicians aren't going to be
paying it any more attention -- couldn't someone use standard
code-breaking techniques and eventually find the right signals to
send?
Of course, being past its design life, it probably is unreliable. (I
assume that is the reason it was "retired" instead of continuing in
profitable use until it died -- the company didn't want to be stuck
with supporting users whose service died out from under [actually
over] them, and finding the customers replacement circuits on an
emergency basis.) However, for some ham radio & computer freak, or
some organization of evil genius bent on (dare I say it?) ruling the
world, or maybe even Fly-By-Night Satellite Services, Inc., an
unreliable satellite is better than none at all. So isn't it likely
that someone would try to use it if they could?
What about its orbital slot? Does this non-functioning satellite eat
up n degrees of geosync orbit forever, or until Ace Satellite Repair
gets up there and hauls it away for scrap? Or will another bird be
put into the same slot right away? (I guess it is physically safe to
stick another one up there; the same orbit slot still means thousands
of cubic miles of space, and the likelihood of one running into the
other on insertion seems remote. Or is it?)
I also wonder about this retirement instead of donating the satellite,
for the rest of its unknown life, to some group or organization who
could use its footprint area for some public-service sort of thing. I
would think that WU would get some big tax break and lots of great PR
for essentially no effort at all.
Comments and discussion encouraged on these queries.
Will Martin
------------------------------
From: smb%mhb5b@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 24 Jun 83 15:20:51 EDT (Fri)
Subject: NY legislature vs. the phone company
Full-Name: Steven M. Bellovin
Yesterday, the N.Y. State Assembly passed a bill prohibiting the phone
company from splitting up New York City into two area codes (212 and
718). The Senate is expected to pass the bill as well, though
possibly not during this session. The sponsor of the bill said he
didn't see why consumers in Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island should
have to pay for and be in- convenienced by this, when the shortage of
numbers is due to businesses in Manhattan. Furthermore, he claims
that the split will inevitably lead to making calls between the areas
toll calls (though NYC has had metered local service for many years
now). He suggests as an alternative that business phones be switched
to 718, but consumers keep 212.....
*sigh*
------------------------------
Date: 24 Jun 1983 1944-PDT
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: When it's okay to record a phone conversation
I believe you're right. As long as one of the parties involved in the
phone conversation is aware that it's being recorded, it's okay to do
so. This of course means that you and someone can be talking on the
phone and THEY can be taping YOU without your knowing it.
No beep is required unless neither party is aware that it's being
taped, although many places (most notably, insurance companies) still
use them to be on the conservative side.
A question I have is: Can someone use a conversation they recorded
with- out your knowledge (but with theirs) that you had with them
against you in a court of law?
--Lynn
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
28-Jun-83 14:12:26-PDT,10154;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 28-Jun-83 14:11:44
Date: 28 Jun 1983 1411-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #32
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 29 June 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 32
Today's Topics: NY Legislature Vs. The Phone Company
Telephone Tag
Robert Weitbrecht - In Memoriam
Old Satellites
Gameline Modem - Cheap Because It's Half Duplex
Modems / Satellites / Mailing Lists
Satellite Inquiry
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 26 Jun 83 18:36:50 PDT (Sunday)
From: Newman.ES@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: NY legislature vs. the phone company
What a ridiculous bill. Southern California had an area code split
last year and will have another one next year. The first one split
Orange County and San Diego into two area codes; the second will split
Los Angeles from the San Fernando Valley.
The only problems this has caused are a few small municipalities which
were to be split down the middle by the area code boundary. These
were adjusted by moving the line slightly, at the cost of forcing some
people to get new phone numbers. Nobody here would dream of proposing
such a bill. Is the NY State Assembly made of technological
illiterates??
/Ron
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 27 Jun 83 10:51 PDT
From: Deutsch.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Telephone tag
To: HEDRICK@RUTGERS.ARPA
We have exactly the same problem you do with people moving around a
lot from one office to another. My solution is even more idealistic
than yours: have everyone (who wants to) carry a little beeper-like
device, and have a sensor permanently installed in each phone. If you
get within N feet of a phone, its sensor knows you are there, and the
sensor sends that information to the forwarding mechanism. Of course,
the beeper has a switch on it that lets you choose not to receive
calls this way, or to forward them to a receptionist, or (ideally)
switch the caller to a digital audio recorder, or whatever.
We had a phone system of approximately the kind you want some years
back, built by Danray Corp. (don't know if they're around any more).
It was completely programmable -- every signal you could possibly want
to get your hands on was routed into or out of a Data General Nova.
If it had worked reliably, we would have loved it to death.
Please let us know what you come up with.
Peter Deutsch
------------------------------
Date: 27 Jun 1983 1706-PDT
From: ROODE at SRI-NIC (David Roode)
Subject: In Memoriam
To: Telecom at USC-ECLC
Location: EJ296 Phone: (415) 859-2774
A recent item in the SRI employee newsletter states that "Robert
Weitbrecht, a deaf physicist who had worked in SRI's Communications
Laboratory from 1958 to 1969, died recently as a result of a car
accident. He invented a telecommunications device for the
hearing-impaired which was the forerunner of the acoustic-coupled data
modems we know today. A scholarship fund is being established in his
name by Weitbrecht Communications Company in San Carlos."
------------------------------
Date: 27 June 1983 22:29 EDT
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: old satellites
Satellites "wear out" when their stabilizing thrusters run out of
fuel. They then drift away from their assigned orbital slot. Also,
they may start tumbling so that their solar cells and antennae aren't
oriented properly. They then run out of power, or have their antenna
pointed so they can't be heard.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: 27 June 1983 22:37 EDT
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #30
The reason the Gameline modem is cheap is that it's not full duplex.
The reason Vadic's and 212A's are expnesive is that they are. The
British television industry has been selling a cheap (under $100)
1200/75 modem as part of a Prestel-equipped television set for several
years.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: Monday, 27-Jun-83 14:18:59 PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: modems / satellites / mailing lists
Greetings. There's no big trick to "medium" speed HALF-duplex modems,
up to 2400 bps or so. Half-duplex, to put it very briefly, is much,
much simpler to implement than full-duplex -- there's very little
comparison, really. So, I would wager that the cheapo half-duplex
modem mentioned in a previous digest will not have any bearing on the
technical development of full-duplex modems.
More technical details on request.
As for "deactivated" satellites... The standard policy now is to
simply switch off the transponders and let the bird "sit". Until the
satellite is REALLY dead, the command receiver would probably still be
workable, IF you knew the codes and had the appropriate equipment to
work an uplink. These birds typically would not be of much use to
anyone, since one of the primary reasons for declaring a bird "dead"
is the exhaustion of the fuel for the steering rockets. Without this
fuel, the satellite cannot be maintained in an exact geosync orbit,
and will eventually drift, presumably to a lower orbit and eventual
disintegration in the atmosphere. While this sounds like a
"collision" risk, there is actually one hell of a lot of open space up
there. Of course, as WMartin suggested, the orbital slot used by the
satellite can be immediately used by a new satellite, since a given
degree of geosync orbit does represent a lot of space. As long as the
original satellite isn't transmitting, there won't be any interference
problems.
WMartin humorously suggested that such satellites might be blown up
when their useful life is over. While this isn't done with commercial
communications satellites, there is much work currently underway on
the so-called "killer" satellites which would perform this task as
their primary mission.
--Lauren--
P.S. HOME-SAT and TELETEXT will soon be combined in one new Internet
list to be called VIDEOTECH, which I will moderate. This new list
will be activated as soon as some technical issues can be worked out,
and I will announce it officially at that time.
--LW--
------------------------------
Date: 27 Jun 1983 19:58:28-PDT
From: Robert P. Cunningham <cunningh@Nosc>
Subject: Re: Satellite Inquiry
I asked some of the same questions when in Norm Abramson's class on
satellite data communications. Here's some of the answers, though if
anyone else wants to correct me, that's fine--this info is mostly
second-or-third-hand, and I might have misunderstood a few things.
The useful life of a satellite is set mainly by the insurance
companies that insure it. If it fails, they're the ones who have to
foot the bill for a replacement bird. For something like Westar, that
could run in the neighborhood of $40 million. If you run the
satellite longer than the insured period (seems to be almost uniformly
7 years), and it fails...tough; the insurance company does not
replace.
Although transponders tend to go bad over time, and there is
decreasing efficiency from the solar cells that power the things, the
first thing to go is (usually) station-keeping fuel. Without
occasional, care- fully controlled bursts from the gas jets, a
geosynchronous satellite starts to 'wobble' in orbit, tracing what
looks like a figure-8 from the ground (and going beyond the location
that fixed antennas are aimed at). Then it slowly starts to drift
east or west (depending on where it is) out of its 'orbital slot'.
The orbital perturbations are caused by small gravitational anomalies.
If the earth was a perfect sphere (or even a perfect oblate spheroid),
there wouldn't be any problem. There are two reasonably stable points
in geosynchronous orbit: a kind of a metastable point over north
america, and the global stable point over India. Completely dead
geosynch satellites drift towards one of those, most towards India.
In the very long term (how many thousands of years?), of course,
complete orbital decay will eventually set in. Meanwhile, over the
next few centuries, expect to see a collection of dead satellite over
India.
When 'turned off', usually the things go into standby mode, awaiting a
coded control signal from earth. Incidently, the telemetry and
control transceivers have much less gain than the regular broadcast
transponders. To talk with a bired in standby mode, you need a very
large, steerable antenna ('class A', at least). There's probably only
a dozen or so of these in the world.
If Western Union wants to keep their bird as an in-orbit spare,
they'll just juke it slightly away from its orbital slot (to make room
for another active satellite, not necessarily theirs), and expend some
station keeping fuel once or twice a year to keep it from drifting too
far east (I think it would be east, might be west). Then, in a real
emergency (a new satellite goes out, and there's a delay until a
ground spare can be launched, for instance), they can always
reactivate it.
I supose they could give it away, but whoever took over ownership had
better have a ready collection of high-gain 4/6 GHz antennas and
associated paraphenalia ready. Also, they'd have to pay someone (WU?)
to control the bird, monitor telemetry to check what's happening, etc.
And, perhaps most importantly, they must have authorizations to use
whatever orbital/frequencies slot they want to use up there. It's
getting pretty crowded up there (one reason why SBS whent to higher,
suboptimal frequency bands), and the slots are negotiated years in
advance, and involve international as well as national-level
bargaining.
Bob Cunningham <cunningh@nosc-cc>
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
30-Jun-83 20:37:09-PDT,4725;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 30-Jun-83 20:36:05
Date: 30 Jun 1983 2036-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #33
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Friday, 1 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 33
Today's Topics:
Splitting Of Area Codes
900 410-NASA
Splitting 212 In NYC - NPAs
New Countries Dialable Effective 3 September
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tuesday, 28-Jun-83 15:18:38 PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: splitting of area codes
One interesting aspect of the L.A. split (213 -> 213/818) is that
we'll be actually splitting up the CITY of L.A., not just splitting
off unincorporated areas or other cities. I've heard of no serious
complaints from anybody locally about this move.
The Valley will get 818, we "good" guys on the south side of the
Hollywood Hills get to keep 213. Of course, there will be no changes
in ZUM/toll rates from the change, just some additional dialing.
I fail to see how the people in N.Y. could suggest that it is LESS of
an inconvenience for BUSINESSES to change their area code than for
residences -- businesses have far more paperwork to change and get far
more calls. The whole issue seems like pretty silly stuff.
--Lauren--
P.S. By the way, if I had control over these things, I'd give The
Valley its own COUNTRY CODE, then build checkpoints on the San Diego
Freeway and the various canyons to keep the Valley People over on
THEIR side. Ha ha... just kidding?!
--LW--
------------------------------
Date: 30 Jun 1983 2026-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: 900 410-NASA
Even though overseas customers dialed +1 307 410 6272 to reach the
NASA reports, the calls were not being routed to Wyoming. The
overseas gateways were the only places which considered the code valid
and routed the calls to a 900 Service node.
The reason 900 could not be used is that originating equipment in
other countries has to translate the NPA when processing calls to
World Numbering Zone 1 in order to send the call to the right country
and, in some cases, to determine the rate of the metering pulses. It
would be unreasonable to open 900 from other countries, since it is a
special service code, not a real NPA.
I'm not sure why 307 was chosen, other than the availability of 410.
It may have been to cause nearby countries to charge the highest rate
for the call, if any of those countries have rates to the U.S. which
depend on the point called. I think Mexico does; I'm sure Canada does
(although I'm not sure they could call at all); and some other
Caribbean points might, since we used to have differing rates to them.
------------------------------
Date: 30 Jun 1983 2044-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: NPAs
The action of the New York legislature didn't surprise me that much;
there has been a lot of noise about this since it was first announced.
I doubt that it will pass both houses and be signed by the governor,
though. If it does, it could have some interesting effects:
- They could have to stop installing new phones.
- They might have to drastically restrict dial pager
service (a big number gobbler).
- The phone company would be justified in its normal
policy of being secretive about its plans.
The situation with the San Diego split was quite different. These
kind of splits have happened several times in the past, and generally
have little effect, because they have never split communities before.
The Los Angeles split will be somewhat different, though. Some Los
Angeles addresses will be in one NPA, and some in another, with no
reasonable way for the average person (or operator, even) to tell
which one to use.
In New York, it was much simpler, with the split along Borough lines.
In that case, the Zip Code could probably always determine the NPA.
------------------------------
Date: 30 Jun 1983 2052-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: New Countries dialable effective 3 September
Hungary 36 Saipan 670
Czechoslovakia 42 Yemen Arab Rep. 967
Poland 48 Jordan 962
India 91 Namibia 264
Not becoming dialable yet, but assigned a country code:
Greenland 299 (Greenland is in World Numbering Zone 3-4,
which is out of codes, so 299 is as close to 3 as one can
get.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
7-Jul-83 20:32:57-PDT,7975;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 7-Jul-83 20:28:23
Date: 7 Jul 1983 2028-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #34
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 7 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 34
Today's Topics: ACS Weirdy!
Modem Charges
Computio
N.Y. Area Codes
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 30 Jun 1983 21:11-PDT
Sender: GEOFF@SRI-CSL
Subject: ACS weirdy!
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
A friend of mine who owns a microcomputer software store in Brea, Ca,
has three business lines on a rotary (714-671-1091,2,3). On a recent
visit to the area, i had the need to place some long distance calls
from his store and found out something really weird. When I placed a
calling card call on his main number, 714-671-1091, the operator came
on and collected my calling card number. BUT, when I placed calls on
671-1092 or 671-1093 lines, I got the magic gong and was able to touch
tone in my card number.
Any ideas why one line would not have ACS, but the other two would?
Bug or Feature?
[ACS only works from Touch Tone lines. Are all the lines Touch Tone? I
suspect that the line which ACS doesn't work on is not configured for
Touch Tone. If this is a bug (i.e. you should have Touch Tone (tm) on
all lines), then your repair service should be able to fix it. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 5 Jul 83 07:04:04 PDT (Tue)
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: modem charges
S.W. Bell is enforcing a tariff rule in Oklahoma which
requires users of modems, residential or business, to pay a special
"information terminal rate" which, needless to say, is about 5 times
the normal residential rate and does not include the right to an IEEE
data quality line. (They just want information terminal money, not to
provide information terminal service.) In Texas, there is a similar
rate, but the Texas PUC exempted residential users from it, after
hearing testimony from hobbyist BBS operators.
For more information, if you have access to Compuserve, look in the
Computers and Electronics data base. (page cem-450, data base 0)
------------------------------
Date: 6 Jul 1983 11:15-PDT
Sender: GEOFF@SRI-CSL
Subject: Computio.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
n525 0103 04 Jul 83
BC-COMPUTIO-07-04
By Daniel Rosenheim
(c) 1983 Chicago Sun-Times (Independent Press Service)
CHICAGO - What do you get when you marry a portable radio with a
computer?
A facile answer would be an electronic office that fits in your
pocket. But glibness aside, that is a not-unreasonable description of
the hand-held, radio-equipped computer terminals being introduced by
suburban Schaumburg-based Motorola.
The idea is not to listen to punk rock while calculating your
expense account. Rather, Motorola believes the system will extend
corporate computer networks to employees in the field - no
telephones, no modems, no wall plugs needed.
The product is the next logical step in the spreading field of
distributed data processing. Its market potential is estimated in the
billions of dollars.
''To our knowledge, this is a first,'' said Edward F. Staiano, vice
president and general manager of Motorola's communications systems
division. ''It is the intersection of two technologies: radio
frequency transmission and data processing.''
As computer technology has blossomed in the last few years, so has
the portable computer terminal using telephone lines to communicate
with a centrally located main computer. Such portable computers have
been commanding both steadily growing market share and attention.
But Motorola's product bypasses the telephone in favor of an
''over-the-air'' computer communications network.
A key element in the system is a battery-operated computer terminal.
So small that it can be held in the hand, the terminal weighs a mere
28 ounces - yet it contains a two-way radio, an internal antenna and
intelligence in excess of many personal computers.
With it, users can communicate with central computers without being
tethered to a telephone line.
IBM, which helped develop the system, plans to use it to establish a
nationwide radio communications system for its field personnel in 250
cities.
The system will allow IBM service personnel, armed with portable
terminals, to communicate via computer while commuting, traveling
between locations or working at a customer's office.
Field testing of the IBM system will begin in October in Chicago,
with completion of the testing phase expected by the next February.
Meanwhile, Motorola has begun selling the system on the open market.
With just one base station, the portable unit has a range of five to
10 miles, depending upon conditions.
But Motorola envisages the establishment of multiple, adjacent base
stations, which would greatly extend the range.
Unlike proposed ''cellular'' radio systems, which are being
established to allow lengthy voice transmission, the portable
computer system is constructed for frequent but brief data
communications.
While the average cellular radiotelephone call is expected to last
more than 100 seconds, the maximum transmission time for the computer
terminal is one second, and the longest message is 256 characters.
Because messages will be brief, Motorola believes it will be able to
support at least 1,000 terminals on a single channel without
interference.
To some degree, Motorola may end up selling portable terminals at
the expense of another market it dominates: telephone pagers. But,
notes Staiano, paging permits only a one-way voice communication,
while the terminals permit two-way computer links.
''We don't see the terminal as a replacement business, but as a
significantly new product,'' he said.
Motorola won't comment on the value of its contract with IBM, but
Staiano said the total market for such systems is expected to hit
several million units over the next 10 years.
With each unit expected to sell at between $2,000 and $4,000, the
market easily translates to several billion dollars. And although
competitive products are sure to be developed, Motorola's 67 percent
current share of the market for mobile communications equipment on
land gives the company an inside track from the start.
Finally, while the initial systems are expected to be developed for
use by business, Staiano said a market could develop by the end of
the decade for sale to individuals, who might want to use the
portable units to get access to computerized news services and other
data bases.
END
------------------------------
Date: 7 Jul 83 12:45:09 PDT (Thu)
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: N.Y. Area Codes
As I recall, the one area which might really have trouble with
an area code split between Manhattan and the outer Boroughs is Marble
Hill, especially the large city housing project there. Marble Hill is
north of the Harlem River canal, but it straddles the old City line,
between Manhattan and what was Westchester County (and is now the
Bronx). As far as the post office is concerned, it all has the same
(Bronx) zip code, but the county line runs right through the grass in
the housing project.
I think there are some zip codes which are split between 516
and 212, along the Queens-Nassau city line, now, in the postal cities
of Jamaica (Belrose), Floral Park (Glen Oaks) and New Hyde Park. (Of
course, people who live in Iowa with an Iowa area code and an Omaha
zip code will find this trivial.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
9-Jul-83 19:18:51-PDT,10455;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 9-Jul-83 19:18:42
Date: 9 Jul 1983 1918-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #35
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Sunday, 10 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 35
Today's Topics: N.Y. Area Codes
DTMF Charges
NYC Area Code Split
Tracing Phone Calls
General Telephone Rate Increase
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 8 Jul 83 8:05:50 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
To: jmrubin%Coral.CC@ucb-vax
Subject: Re: N.Y. Area Codes
Hmm...I have VERY VAGUE recollection of Manhattan-Bronx boundary
anywhere off Harlem River. But weren't BOTH Manhattan & Bronx
supposed to remain in area 212, with Brooklyn, Queens, & Staten Island
becoming new area 718? I recall that Inwood, Nassau County, is served
by a branch of the Far Rockaway post office in NYC. (zipcode 116xx)
------------------------------
Date: 8 July 1983 1453-mst
From: Kevin B. Kenny <Kenny.OSNI @ SYSTEM-M.PHOENIX.HONEYWELL>
Subject: DTMF charges
Bell's charges have NEVER reflected shop costs. They used to charge
more for a phone in any color but black. The change from black to
other colors was prompted by a change from Bakelite to more modern
phenolics which don't take the black color very well (I don't know all
the technical details). Anyway, a Western Electric friend says that
the cost to manufacture a black housing, post-conversion, was about
double that to make a colored one. /k**2
------------------------------
Date: 8 July 1983 1459-mst
From: Kevin B. Kenny <Kenny.OSNI @ SYSTEM-M.PHOENIX.HONEYWELL>
Subject: NYC Area Code Split
To: TELECOM @ USC-ECLB
ZIP code lines and borough lines definitely don't match between Far
Rockaway (Queens: 11691) and Inwood (Nassau: 11696).
Anyway, the initial impact is expected to be minimal. After the
split, most new exchanges will initially be created with the second
digit a 0 or 1 (which will not be a conflict since NYC was one of the
last areas to need a "1" in front of an area code). All other
exchanges will be put on intercept, initially rerouted automagically
to the correct place, and later to a recorded message.
BTW, when I was back in NYC a week ago, I tried dialing the Far Rockaway
exchange (212-327) from a phone in the Cedarhurst exchange (516-239),
without using an area code. That's handled from the same central
office, but has needed an area code for as long as area codes have
existed. Anyway, they still (after 20+ years) have the intercept set up
to tell you that "an area code is now required to dial FA 7 numbers;
please dial 212-FA 7 and the local number". I hadn't heard any Bell
messages give me an exchange with LETTERS in a long time, either.
------------------------------
From: davy%pur-ee@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 7 Jul 83 00:40:33 EDT (Thu)
Subject: tracing phone calls
Some friends and I got into a discussion the other night about tracing
phone calls. One guy stated that with all this new electronic
equipment (ESS, etc.), it is possible to trace a call
"instantaneously". The other guy and I maintained that it still takes
at least a few minutes to do the trace.
Could someone please tell me how long it takes to trace a call? Also,
while we're at it, just what is involved in doing a trace?
Thanks,
--Dave Curry
decvax!pur-ee!davy
pur-ee!davy@berkeley
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 9 Jul 83 10:33:38 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-ATS>
Subject: General Telephone rate increase
General Telephone Company of California has just requested a major
rate increase. An exact and complete copy of the legal advertisement
announcing this request is appended.
Besides the obvious problems of a substantial over-all rate increase,
telecom readers might wish to consider the concept of USS (Usage
Sensitive Service) which is described in the proposal. Note that
under USS the amount users are charged is based on "how much they use
the telephone for making calls", not on what the costs are (or should
be) to General Telephone Company. This type of charge will severely
impact individual modem users who, while tying up a telephone line for
several hours, actually do very little communicating. If the
Telephone Company provided a reasonable data service, taking into
account the bursty and intermittent nature of individual data users,
the costs could be quite low.
NOTICE OF GENERAL TELEPHONE
COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA
RATE INCREASE APPLICATION
(Application No. 83-07-02 Filed July 1, 1983)
On July 1, 1983, General Telephone Company of California (General)
filed an application to increase its rates by $346.5 million during
1984, a 16.7 percent increase in total revenues for the company, and by
an additional $35 million during 1985 to offset the anticipated impact
of attrition on General's earnings in that year. If the request is
approved by the Commission as proposed, the impact on General's
customers is shown below.
Since General's last general rate increase in April of 1982, the
cost of its day-to-day operations and its construction program have
continued to increase. General is in the midst of a multiyear, multi-
billion-dollar construction and service improvement program which has
already significantly enhanced the quality and range of services
available to its customers. This program cannot be sustained without
adequate earnings.
The information below summarizes the effects of General's proposed
changes; however a variety of rate proposals may be presented by the
Commission Staff and other parties, some of which may be higher or
lower than the rates proposed by General, but the Commission will make
the final determination after hearings have been held.
1984 Rate Proposals
Present Proposed
rate rate
------- --------
Telephone Set Charge
Rotary $ 1.15 1.50
Touch calling 1.70 2.15
Residential Measured Service 2.80 (30) 3.75 (15)
Basic Line Service
Residential
One-party 7.75 15.30
Suburban 6.90 12.45
Business -- Los Angeles
Metropolitan Area Measured 7.20 14.60
Suburban 14.60 26.65
Coin 17.50 44.60
PBX 7.20 14.60
Business -- Outside Los Angeles
Metropolitan Area
Flat Rate 17.20 30.95
Suburban 14.60 26.65
Coin 17.50 44.60
PBX 25.95 47.00
Operator Busy Line Verification .25 .75
Coin Telephone Call .10 .25
Other changes proposed by General include increases for residential
service connections that will range from $3 to $15, depending on what
service is involved, and for business service connections ranging from
$3 to $25. Residential customers who visit a GTE Phone Mart may be
able to avoid some of these charges.
Business terminal equipment services, such as Key Telephones,
Supplemental Datatel, Special Assembly and most Telephone Answering
would be increased by 9 percent.
As part of the expansion of the Statewide Zone Usage Measurement
plan (a method of charge based on usage), General proposes to divide
some larger exchanges into smaller units. This will result in local
calling areas of which are more equal in size and in number of
customers in General's service area.
General is also proposing in its current request a more equitable
and cost effective way of pricing local service called Usage Sensitive
Service (USS). USS is a method of pricing local telephone service by
which customers pay in direct proportion to how much they use the
telephone for making calls. Those who use more pay more. Those who
use less pay less. General is seeking to begin USS in late 1985 but
only in a few communities. It would be gradually introduced in other
areas over a period of several years.
A series of public hearings will be held throughout California in
late November and early December to give customers an opportunity to
express their views to the PUC either in a brief oral statement or in
written comments. Notice of these public hearings will be given to all
of General's subscribers by means of a bill insert. This notice will
also include the PUC Staff's recommendations for appropriate revenues
to be granted to General.
The evidentiary or legal hearings in this proceedings will begin
on October 3, 1983. Customers wishing to formally intervene in this
proceeding must appear at the Prehearing Conference to be held on
August 12, 1983, at 10:30 a.m. in the Commission's Courtroom located at
107 South Broadway, Los Angeles.
The PUC welcomes your comments. If you cannot attend these
hearings, you may submit written comments to the PUC at the address
below. simply state that you are writing about General Telephone
Company of California's 1984 Rate Case.
A copy of General's application may be inspected at your local GTE
Phone Mart. Further information may be obtained from the California
Public Utilities Commission offices:
350 McAllister Street
San Francisco, CA 94102
107 South Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
-------
Published July 8, 1983 in the Santa Monica Evening Outlook.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
10-Jul-83 15:20:26-PDT,14500;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 10-Jul-83 15:19:53
Date: 10 Jul 1983 1519-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #36
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Monday, 11 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 36
Today's Topics: 1+ Long Distance Dialing
Southwestern Bell Wants Triple!!!
General Telephone Rate Increase Proposal And Call Tracing
Phone Service Pricing
Tracing Calls Under ESS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 9 Jul 1983 23:42 EDT
From: SJOBRG.ANDY%MIT-OZ@MIT-MC
Subject: 1+ long distance dialing
Re: /k**2's comment
Down in the Washington DC area (and suburbs), which is served by C&P
Tel, you still don't need to go thru the 1+ cruft.
------------------------------
Date: 10 July 1983 00:40 EDT
From: Frank J. Wancho <FJW @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Southwestern Bell Wants Triple!!!
I thought that surely by now someone from UT-Austin would have called
attention to the following activity down here. I guess they're either
on vacation or out to lunch... (Bear in mind as you read this, the
old maxim about asking for twice what you really want so the
regulators can cut the request in half and claim a victory on behalf
of the consumers - only in this case, it appears that inflation has
stepped in...)
From: The El Paso Times, Sunday July 3, 1983, page 1-G
Bell's breakup scrambles services
By Paul Beebe
Times staff writer
For its millions of telephone customers, the eight-part breakup of
American Telephone and Telegraph Co. next Jan. 1 will mean
uncertainty, confusion and more than a little panic.
And in El Paso, life outside Ma Bell's familiar umbrella of service
will never be the same.
AT&T officials have six months to transform the world's largest
company into eight independent companies and abide by an out-of-court
agreements reached in an antitrust lawsuit brought by the U.S.
Justice Department.
The settlement requires AT&T to divest its 22 wholly-owned local
operating companies -- about two-thirds of its assets.
In turn, the government agreed to remove restrictions limiting AT&T
to the regulated communications business and to drop its suit.
However, nothing is final until a federal judge gives his approval.
While the change is confusing enough for AT&T, officials at
Southwestern Bell's El PAso office predict even more chaos when
cunsumers wake up to the changes that become effective at the close of
1983.
"From now on, the telephone business will be like any other
business," said Stephen Seewoester, a spokesman for Southwestern.
"Let the buyer beware."
The first change that drew the attention of consumers happened June
24, when Southwestern filed a record $1.7 billion rate increase with
the Texas Public Utility Commission.
The increase is requested to pay for Southwestern's separation from
AT&T. If approved, it will about triple the $10 average monthly
residential telephone bill.
However, on Thursday PUC General Counsel Allen King said the
commission's staff might recommend that $1.2 billion of the request be
thrown out because the federal judge hasn't given final approval to
the divestiture plan.
Under the proposal, El Paso basic service rates would soar to $32.40
a month from the current $8.80 charge. Business rates would jump to
$39.25 from $20.55.
Additionally, residential and business customers would have to pay
another $4 in access charges ordered by the Federal Communications
Commission. All of this is before any charges for long-distance
calls.
An access charge is the cost to each customer of hooking the
telephone to Bell's nationwide network.
Ultimately, ratepayers would have to pay the complete cost of
access, now about $18 a month in Texas.
People to be hurt most by the increase are those who use Bell's
long-distance service the least. One group of consumers -- large
business customers -- could see their total monthly bill come down,
since long-distance rates are expected to decline under divestiture.
PUC Chairman Al Erwin said Southwestern's request is the largest any
Bell subsidiary ever has filed in any state, "but there is no
assumption (at the PUC) that one penny is necessary ... We're not
going to be sandbagged by anybody."
Some increase is likely, however. Because of the breakup,
Southwestern no longer will be in most of the long-distance business,
which will be offered by AT&T, Sprint, MCI and other companies.
Southwestern no longer will get its share of AT&T's long-distance
revenues that in the past were use to hold down local rates.
Seewoester said AT&T is considering optional types of long-distance
service. For instance, a customer could choose to use long-distance
during a part of the day when telephone traffic is slow. Calls made
at that time would be cheaper.
Southwestern is also considering ways to cut the cost of telephone
service for its customers under divestiture. Final details aren't
ready yet, but the plans would be alternatives to the flat-rate,
unlimited service that is offered now. Customers would probably pay
for each local call and get a substantially cheaper monthly base rate.
Southwestern, on the other hand, won't pull completely out of the
long-distance market. Its customers in the Dallas-Fort Worth
geographical area, covering two area codes, will have to make
long-distance calls that travel only a short way. Those calls will be
billed by Southwestern, not AT&T.
Callers needing directory service will contact operators working for
Southwestern. However, long-distance information requests will be
routed across AT&T lines to operators working for other regional
companies. AT&T operators will provide assistance for WATS numbers.
Under the present structure, callers aren't charged for
long-distance information requests. Seewoester said customers usually
make a long-distance call that produces revenue that covers the cost
of the directory assistant's time.
But next year, if the PUC agrees, each request for local directory
assistance would cost 35 cents after the first three free requests
allowed each month.
If the information request is within the region served by
Southwestern, the customer pays the local company. However, if the
request is made to an operator working for another company, she or he
will bill the long-distance carrier, which may or may not elect to
recover the cost from the caller.
...
--------------------
The article goes on and on.
The point I'd like to make is that Southwestern has put an interesting
game-plan into effect here. By asking for an outrageouly large rate
increase, it will probably and reluctantly settle for something far
less, in exchange for concessions to set up the alternate billing
structure it wanted to impose all along. The customer/consumer
breathes a sigh of relief for not having to pay triple rates (but
probably more like double), and would now be more willing to go along
with trying out what would have been previously unpallitable - paying
per call for local service, in a vain attempt to reduce the bill...
The other thing I want to know is why would we have to pay the $4 - to
be $18 - long-distance access charge back to the old "unrelated"
long-distance carrier, AT&T? Why not to MCI or Sprint, or *MY* choice
of service, or NONE AT ALL, and get those others on my own as I can
now if I so desire? (Sounds an awful lot like those non-competitive
fuel pass-thru adjustments on my gas and electric bills - no incentive
to buy at the best price...)
So what can anybody do about this outside of Texas -- probably nothing
but wait and see. Remember, we got suckered into 25 cent pay-phones
and directory information charges long before anyone else did... The
handwriting is on the wall...
--Frank
------------------------------
Date: Saturday, 9-Jul-83 20:18:33 PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: General Telephone rate increase proposal and Call Tracing
The rate increase proposed by General Telephone of California is
approximately in line with the increase recently proposed by PacTel.
In the latter case, for what it's worth, I've heard that the PUC staff
has recommended a 2/3 reduction in Pacific's request. This is, of
course, not binding on the Commission, which often ignores staff
comments. In any case, with the federal courts now expressing intense
dislike for the FCC's access charge proposals, it appears that the
rate situation is getting increasingly cloudly, not less.
There have been more vocal public demonstrations against the recent
PacTel proposal than for any rate case I can remember in the recent
past, and we can expect similar actions directed against GenTel. We
can of course assume that the concept of forced local measured service
(once people realize that's what GenTel is really talking about) will
cause some *very* loud complaints. Feel free to add your voice to the
crowd, but don't complain about modems -- complain about the impact on
your VOICE calls. Telco is not very sympathetic about long-usage
modem callers. (In fact, in one midwest state, telco is now charging
all persons with a modem on their phone line a new higher rate
[apparently at *least* several times higher than basic service] on the
assumption that these people will use the line more. They also
apparently tried this in Texas, but decided to only apply it to
business users after there were some loud complaints. This is all in
*addition* to paying for local calls when *that* is implemented.)
GenTel has no choice but to ask for a "gradual" phase-in of a
usage-sensitive plan, since they can only properly manage the
situation in their EAX/ESS offices. Such phase-ins have some
interesting side-effects, like massive numbers of people having their
friends with flat rate phones call them back, instead of continuing to
talk with the "meter" running. If you want to "protect" yourself
somewhat, make sure that you get your phone lines in nice, old,
residential, step by step offices. There are some GenTel step offices
down here that aren't slated for EAX conversion until close to 1990,
for example.
However, don't just sit around quietly twiddling your thumbs and toes!
Whatever your feelings on this issue, let your elected representatives
know about them -- they are becoming extremely sensitive on this issue
as public complaints about the rapid increase in telephone rates
continue to mount.
-----
Trace that call! To the extent that a call is routed over the CCIS
(Common Channel Interoffice Signalling) network, the calling party's
number can be located without much difficulty in most cases. However,
there are various other factors involved, including the type of
originating and terminating offices (Step by Step? Crossbar?
ESS/EAX?), and interfacing to the toll network (TSPS?). Actually,
while it's getting much easier to "trace" toll calls, local calls can
still be a problem, since many offices don't do ANI (Automatic Number
Identification) on local calls (at least, not until local measured
service!) and the interoffice links are either simple trunks, or
tandem trunks. The CCIS network hasn't penetrated all the way through
to the local level in many areas -- calls are still connected via
simple trunk outpulsing or MF in many cases. This will change over
time. Any time your number is identified and sitting on the AMA
(Automatic Message Accounting) "tapes", it is theoretically possible
for telco to come along later and check to see who was calling a
particular number at a particular time. Of course, this can be time
consuming unless you have some idea where the call was coming from, so
that the search space can be narrowed down. However, when the number
that called is finally determined, it will probably end up being a
payphone!
In the old days (and still today, to a certain extent) tracing
involved manually tracking down the trunks used by a call. The
procedure was (is) very time consuming, as you can well imagine.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
From: ulysses!smb@Berkeley (Steven M. Bellovin)
Date: 10 Jul 83 13:38:11 EDT (Sun)
Subject: phone service pricing
Although cost recovery is certainly part of the phone rate structure,
it's far from the only component. Much of the rate structure is quite
explicitly political, a fact which has drawn little attention until
recently.
The primary political goal is "universal telephone service" -- all
other services are used to subsidize local residential service. To
this end, prices for any sort of "enhanced value" are set according to
the *value*, not the cost. That is, many consumers (aided, of course,
by advertising) find Touch-Tone(TM) telephones "better" -- so Ma Bell
charges more. Similarly, colored telephones and decorator phones are
claimed enhance one's decor -- and the charge for them was set
accordingly.
"Equal access" is another important political goal. The cost to AT&T
of a call from Washington to New York is probably considerably lower
than the cost of a call from Washington to Chapel Hill, N.C, even
though the distances are about the same. But fairness (and simplicity
of billing) dictate that the costs must be about the same.
--Steve Bellovin
Bell Labs, Murray Hill
(Obviously, these opinions are mine, not necessarily
the management's.)
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 10 Jul 1983 13:48 EDT
From: DVW.STRAT%MIT-OZ@MIT-MC
Subject: Tracing Calls Under ESS
Insofar as I know, the ESS provides the capability
to examine connections within itself, through a Dataspeed
terminal in the CO.
This terminal, when polled about the status of
some number in that ESS, will either display the
number on the other end of the line *if that phone is also
controlled by the same ESS*, or a Cable-pair number leaving the
ESS frame, which isn't much of an improvement in the long run.
--Bob--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
11-Jul-83 18:19:09-PDT,5468;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 11-Jul-83 18:18:49
Date: 11 Jul 1983 1818-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #37
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Tuesday, 12 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 37
Today's Topics: Dialing 1+
Phone Rates - Southwestern Bell
Access Charges
Inter NPA Dialing - With Or Without The NPA
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun, 10 Jul 83 21:20:51 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-bmd>
Subject: 1+ CRUFT
I lived in the D.C. Metro Area for most of my life. You can dial
locally into parts of two area codes (301-MD, 703-No. Va) and all of
D.C. (202). To make things easier...there are no conflicting
exchanges in what you call locally, and you do not need to dial the
area code on local calls (it knows). If you want to call outside the
"Metropolitan Calling Area" you must dial the area code (even if it is
the same as yours). If you have to dial the area code, you know it's
a toll call. From living in the Baltimore Area and in Colorado, a
majority of the state is unreachable without a toll call, so dial 1,
skip the area code, then the dial the number.
I think that in either case:
1. Numbers dialed for the situation is minimized.
2. You have positive knowledge whether it is a local
call (either you dialed the area code in DC,o or 1+
anywhere else).
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: 10 Jul 1983 2258-CDT
From: Clive Dawson <CC.Clive@UTEXAS-20>
Subject: Southwestern Bell's Rate Increase Request
No, we haven't been on vacation or out to lunch here in Austin. It's
only in the last couple of days that some of the public hearings and
reactions to SW Bell's record request have started. Here's a recent
AP article from the Austin American Statesman (Thurs., 7/7/83):
----------
The Texas Public Utility Commission may reject any boost in the rates
of Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., which wants to collect $1.7
billion more beginning next year, the commission's general counsel
said Wednesday.
"I can tell you this -- 'zero' is one of the numbers we're
considering," Allen King, the commission's general counsel, said in
Houston at the first public hearing on Bell's record request.
About 70 people showed up to protest the increase, the largest ever
sought by a a public utility in the United States.
...
Wednesday's hearing was the first of seven scheduled in the state.
Other sessions are planned today in Corpus Christi, Friday in Austin,
Brownsville and Dallas, July 15 in Lubbock and July 16 in El Paso.
The proposed increase would triple the basic residential rate from
$10.80 per month to $30.35. Business rates would rise from $27.50 to
$37.75. Another $4 per month would be tacked on bills to recover the
subsidizing of local telephone service from interstate long-distance
charges.
Bell contends the new revenue is needed because of federal regulatory
changes and because of the anti-trust settlement resulting in the
breakup of the nationwide Bell System.
---------
As I write this on Sunday night, the Austin public hearing has already
been held, though attendance wasn't very good. I've gotten the
impression, however, that PUC officials are reacting to this request
much more negatively than usual. The "zero is one of the numbers
we're considering" quote was a pleasant surprise coming from the PUC.
Bell is really trying to push the AT&T settlement as one of the main
reasons for the request. As I see it, the actual cost of providing
phone service hasn't really changed that much (apart from normal
inflation). If the long distance revenues really subsidized local
service to the extent that Bell claims it did, then why doesn't the
local company simply continue to collect that money from AT&T by
charging it higher rates for access to the local equipment which it
depends on to provide long distance service? Does AT&T agree that
such a large subsidy existed? If so, has it said what it plans to do
with all that money?! The only thing I've heard is that long distance
rates will drop in order to compete with MCI, Sprint, etc. I'll
believe it when I see it. More likely, MCI et al will raise their
rates because of increased local access charges by SW Bell.
Sigh.
------------------------------
Date: 11 July 1983 08:12 EDT
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #36
The access charge that Southwestern Bell is talking about gets paid to
SW Bell for SW Bell's costs in connecting you to the long distance
carrier of your choice. None of that $4 (or $18) goes to any of the
long distance carriers. The long distance carrier's monthly charges
will be on top of that.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 11 Jul 83 13:55:02 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: NYC Area Code Split
You say the call from 516-239 to 212-327 has required area code as
long as area codes have existed, but then refer to message with the
word "now" ("area code is NOW required") for such a call. What time
period are you dealing with?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
17-Jul-83 22:41:02-PDT,7827;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 17-Jul-83 22:38:10
Date: 17 Jul 1983 2238-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #38
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Monday, 18 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 38
Today's Topics: Modem/Telephone Problems
212A, EAX, Self-Wiring
Dialing 1+
Central Office Names (CEdar, Etc.)
Cost Of Providing Service
NYC Area Code Split
NYC Prefixes
How Long In An Emergency?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 12 July 1983 01:10 EDT
From: Stephen C. Hill <STEVEH @ MIT-MC>
Subject: [teklabs!done: modem/telephone problems]
cc: teklabs!done @ UCB-VAX
I can't help this fella(teklabs!done at ucb-vax), but TELECOM
might. I don't own an Atari, but would still be interested to in the
answer.
-- Forwarded mail follows --
This might be more appropriate for net.micro.atari, but I thought it
is of general enough interest to put here.
I recently bought a modem for my Atari 800 computer made by Microbits
in Albany, Oregon. The modem is designed to be inserted into the loop
which connects the telephone base with the receiver (obviously, this
requires modular plugs on both ends of the coil cord, although
modifications are possible for non-modular phones). Unfortunately, I
discovered that GTE phones do not work with this modem (perhaps the
signals lines inside the coil cord are rearranged), and I couldn't get
a dial tone in voice mode.
Next I borrowed an old Bell rotary phone, and this worked like a
charm. But, when I shelled out the money for a new touchtone Bell
phone, the modem wouldn't work properly, even though it worked ok in
voice mode.
Finally, I made an exasperated call to Microbits, and they didn't have
the foggiest idea what could be wrong, either with the GTE phone or
the newer Bell phone. I am hoping that one of you phone gurus out in
netland will have a good idea of what the problem is here. It's very
discouraging when the folks who designed the modem don't even have a
minimal suggestion.
By the way, I have since gotten rid of both the modem and the new Bell
phone, and I am awaiting Atari's new direct-connect modem to be
available in August.
Don Ellis
Tektronix
------------------------------
Date: 12 July 1983 02:20 EDT
From: Richard P. Wilkes <RICK @ MIT-MC>
Subject: 212A, EAX, self-wiring
cc: RICK @ MIT-MC
I have several questions:
1) Most people refer to 1200 (212A) modems as "1200 baud." However,
the modem itself, if I am not mistaken, transmits at 600 baud, using
PSK for two bits per baud; equivalent speed 1200 bps. Now, the RS-232
interface communicates with the modem at 1200 baud (1 bit per baud).
So, is the convention to use the modem signaling speed, in which case
most writers seem to be in error, or the interface speed?
2) What does EAX stand for? How does it differ from an ESS?
3) Is there a pamphlet (text) somewhere to which I can point people
who want to do their own wiring? I remember that there was a file
that could be FTPed, but can't remember on what host/dir. I would
appreciate any pointers to info that the average non-net happy
homeowner could request.
Thanks. -Rick at MC
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 12 Jul 83 13:08:03 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
To: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-bmd>
Subject: Re: 1+ CRUFT
As I have written before, there are some places where 1+ is not
required on a direct-dial call (e.g., most NJ points, & also Long
Island and West- chester in NY, and in 408/415 areas in Calif.); this
also happens, although it's not posted, on 475 & 478 & 674 prefixes in
area 302 (Delaware). Watch out if you are in these areas, because a
direct-dialed call ANYWHERE in your area is made with only the 7-digit
local number! (At the other extreme: remember the note, very recently
in Telecom, about dialing from 516-239 to 212-327 requiring area code
212? The other way around, you have to dial 1-516-239-xxxx even
though it's just a 1-message- unit call; just calling 239-xxxx
attempts to make a multi-message-unit call to Manhattan.)
Date: Tue, 12 Jul 83 13:49:30 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: office names (CEdar, etc.)
Many letter prefixes used in NYC area were derived from the place
names they served. (E.g. FA7 in Far Rockaway, in NYC.)
I wonder if I have indeed found 3 exchange names CE 9 where CE stands
for "Cedar...". I know of 302-239 (CEdar 9) at Hockessin, Delaware.
Was 516-239 once Cedarhurst 9? And was 201-239 (I be- lieve it's
listed in V&H tape as Verona, NJ) once Cedar Grove 9 because it served
the Cedar Grove area near Verona?
------------------------------
Date: 12 July 1983 21:04 EDT
From: Charles L. Jackson <CLJ @ MIT-MC>
Subject: switching costs
cc: CLJ @ MIT-MC
Does any have or know of a good reference to any information on the
costs of operating modern telco switches? In particular, how do the
costs of a call split between setup and holding eg 1 cent to set it up
and 0.01 cents per second of holding timne?
Answers directly to me and I'll summarize for the net.
Thanks
clj
------------------------------
Date: 13 July 1983 1037-mst
From: Kevin B. Kenny <Kenny.OSNI @ SYSTEM-M.PHOENIX.HONEYWELL>
Subject: Re: NYC Area Code Split
As near as I can tell, the phrasing of the message hasn't changed
since it was put in place. The "now" is indeed in the message.
Incidentally, the 1+ cruft isn't needed to dial 212-327 from 516-239,
but the area code is. It doesn't make a whole lot of sense to me,
either.
/k**2
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 14 Jul 83 8:48:47 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
cc: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: NYC prefixes
It seems to me that:
The first NYC prefixes of the form N0X and N1X were those not in use
as area codes. (Of N0X & N1X in NYC, the first such prefix was 409.)
Otherwise, a call to, say, Alaska directory assistance at 907-555-1212
(a call now requiring 1+ at start) would suddenly become an attempt to
reach local number 907-5551.
------------------------------
Date: 15 Jul 1983 01:21:46-PDT
From: Robert P Cunningham <cunningh@Nosc>
Reply-to: cunningh@Nosc
Subject: How long in an emergency?
Towards the end of a 1/2 day electrical blackout in my area, several
different exchanges seemingly just dropped out. Symptoms were: I'd
dial a number starting with XXX- and get nothing. No ring or busy
signal. About the same time, one of the few radio stations still on
the air requested that people not use their phones, in order to
conserve the phone company's battery power.
Since the electrical power grid came back up, I've been unable to
reach anyone at our local phone company (a GTE subsidiary) who admits
to knowing anything about this.
Does anyone on this list know exactly how operating companies provide
backup power for a local phone system, and how long they might figure
keeping a local phone system operating during a complete power
blackout of say, several days at least? Some years ago, during a
short tour of some phone company facilities, I saw what appeared to be
several very large banks of batteries. Is there some design/planning
criterion as to how long those would keep critical sections of a
citywide phone system in operation?
Bob Cunningham
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
17-Jul-83 23:11:09-PDT,5214;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 17-Jul-83 22:49:14
Date: 17 Jul 1983 2249-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #39
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM PM Digest Monday, 18 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 39
Today's Topics: A Song Of The Times
[In my opinion, this song deserves its own digest. Enjoy! --JSol]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tuesday, 12-Jul-83 01:18:19-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: "The Day Bell System Died"
Greetings. With the massive changes now taking place in the
telecommunications industry, we're all being inundated with seemingly
endless news items and points of information regarding the various
effects now beginning to take place. However, one important element
has been missing: a song! Since the great Tom Lehrer has retired from
the composing world, I will now attempt to fill this void with my own
light-hearted, non-serious look at a possible future of
telecommunications. This work is entirely satirical, and none of its
lyrics are meant to be interpreted in a non-satirical manner. The
song should be sung to the tune of Don Mclean's classic "American
Pie". I call my version "The Day Bell System Died"...
--Lauren--
**************************************************************************
*==================================*
* Notice: This is a satirical work *
*==================================*
"The Day Bell System Died"
Lyrics Copyright (C) 1983 by Lauren Weinstein
(To the tune of "American Pie")
(With apologies to Don McLean)
ARPA: vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM
UUCP: {decvax, ihnp4, harpo, ucbvax!lbl-csam, randvax}!vortex!lauren
**************************************************************************
Long, long, time ago,
I can still remember,
When the local calls were "free".
And I knew if I paid my bill,
And never wished them any ill,
That the phone company would let me be...
But Uncle Sam said he knew better,
Split 'em up, for all and ever!
We'll foster competition:
It's good capital-ism!
I can't remember if I cried,
When my phone bill first tripled in size.
But something touched me deep inside,
The day... Bell System... died.
And we were singing...
Bye, bye, Ma Bell, why did you die?
We get static from Sprint and echo from MCI,
"Our local calls have us in hock!" we all cry.
Oh Ma Bell why did you have to die?
Ma Bell why did you have to die?
Is your office Step by Step,
Or have you gotten some Crossbar yet?
Everybody used to ask...
Oh, is TSPS coming soon?
IDDD will be a boon!
And, I hope to get a Touch-Tone phone, real soon...
The color phones are really neat,
And direct dialing can't be beat!
My area code is "low":
The prestige way to go!
Oh, they just raised phone booths to a dime!
Well, I suppose it's about time.
I remember how the payphones chimed,
The day... Bell System... died.
And we were singing...
Bye, bye, Ma Bell, why did you die?
We get static from Sprint and echo from MCI,
"Our local calls have us in hock!" we all cry.
Oh Ma Bell why did you have to die?
Ma Bell why did you have to die?
Back then we were all at one rate,
Phone installs didn't cause debate,
About who'd put which wire where...
Installers came right out to you,
No "phone stores" with their ballyhoo,
And 411 was free, seemed very fair!
But FCC wanted it seems,
To let others skim long-distance creams,
No matter 'bout the locals,
They're mostly all just yokels!
And so one day it came to pass,
That the great Bell System did collapse,
In rubble now, we all do mass,
The day... Bell System... died.
So bye, bye, Ma Bell, why did you die?
We get static from Sprint and echo from MCI,
"Our local calls have us in hock!" we all cry.
Oh Ma Bell why did you have to die?
Ma Bell why did you have to die?
I drove on out to Murray Hill,
To see Bell Labs, some time to kill,
But the sign there said the Labs were gone.
I went back to my old CO,
Where I'd had my phone lines, years ago,
But it was empty, dark, and ever so forlorn...
No relays pulsed,
No data crooned,
No MF tones did play their tunes,
There wasn't a word spoken,
All carrier paths were broken...
And so that's how it all occurred,
Microwave horns just nests for birds,
Everything became so absurd,
The day... Bell System... died.
So bye, bye, Ma Bell, why did you die?
We get static from Sprint and echo from MCI,
"Our local calls have us in hock!" we all cry.
Oh Ma Bell why did you have to die?
Ma Bell why did you have to die?
We were singing:
Bye, bye, Ma Bell, why did you die?
We get static from Sprint and echo from MCI,
"Our local calls have us in hock!" we all cry.
Oh Ma Bell why did you have to die?
<End>
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
18-Jul-83 19:06:31-PDT,6721;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 18-Jul-83 19:05:50
Date: 18 Jul 1983 1905-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #40
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Tuesday, 19 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 40
Today's Topics: Bell System Batteries
The Day Bell System Died
PABX Help Wanted
Office Names (CEdar, Etc.)
Atari Modem, A/C On Local Calls
212A Modems, EAX, Etc.
Office Names (CEdar, Etc.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 18 Jul 83 00:28:52 PDT
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Bell System Batteries
When the power goes out, the local Bell operating companies have
two standby sources of power. One of the sources is battery power,
and the other is standby diesel (and gas turbine) generator power.
Bell batteries are similar to automotive batteries, but are
designed for long discharge times, such as hours, while car batteries
are made to deliever high currents for a few seconds. The cells are
also designed to last longer than car batteries, for, say, about 15
years. They come in sizes ranging from 100 to 7000 ampere-hour
ratings.
What all this boils down to is that there is usually enough battery
power to provide three to eight hours of operating time. The
generators are normally idle, and are started after an outage of
power, and assume the load of the C.O., while at the same time
recharging the batteries.
In small C.O.'s, the stand-by generator may not exist. Instead,
the batteries are set up such that they can provide power for up to 24
hours, and a generator will be brought in if the power utility decides
it wants to be out for longer than a day.
-- Summarized from "Engineering And Operations
In The Bell System".
Phil
------------------------------
Date: 18 Jul 1983 0258-CDT
From: Clive Dawson <CC.Clive@UTEXAS-20>
Subject: The Day Bell System Died
To: vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM
Bravo, Lauren!! What a great song! You should immediately switch
careers and become a recording star--this is top-40 material for sure!
Seriously, are you placing any restrictions on its distribution? I'd
love to send a copy to the Texas PUC to aid their consideration of the
latest rate increase request...
Clive
------------------------------
Date: Mon 18 Jul 83 09:42:22-EDT
From: Charles B. Weinstock <Weinstock%TARTAN@CMU-CS-C.ARPA>
Subject: PABX Help Wanted
Tartan Labs is about to replace it's phone system (currently a Mitel
SX100). We have been talking to several vendors, but so far have not
identified a state of the art system that is impressive enough to
commit to. Basically we want the following features:
- Capable of expanding to 1000+ lines over time without throwing away
our investment.
- Fairly econmical to configure at the 100 to 200 line level.
- Capable of supporting non-switch hook feature control (we HATE the
switch hook convention).
Additionally, it would be nice if the phone system could act as a cost
effective front end to our various computer systems. Such a front end
would:
- Allow true 9600 baud connections.
- Allow the user to put one computer connection "on hold" while
connecting to another.
So far, all of the switches we have looked at are too expensive for
data connections (a Micom, for example, would be more cost effective),
and are missing one of the above features.
Does anyone out there have a pointer to systems we should consider?
We've talked to American Bell, Rolm, Northern, and NEC.
Chuck
------------------------------
Date: Mon Jul 18 1983 10:02-EDT
From: Dennis Rockwell <drockwel@BBN-Vax>
Subject: Re: office names (CEdar, etc.)
To: Carl Moore <cmoore@brl-vld>
I remember having the phone number 617-CEdar 8-3386 20 years ago in
North Easton, MA. I have no idea what the origin of the name was; I
was much too young to care (which is why I remember the number; it was
drilled into me).
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 18 Jul 83 07:41:13 PDT
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Atari modem, a/c on local calls
I have a VICMODEM (on a Commodore '64) which also connects
between headset and phone base. I think the problem may be with
phones that have their dialing mechanism in their headset. These
phones will instantly hang up if you disconnect the headset. By the
way, you can connect the modem directly to the phone line (you have to
make up a cord) at the loss of some fidelity. Commodore sells an
adaptor for their modem, so it can be used with phones which are not
full modular. I don't know if this is anything but a passive Y-cord.
The cost is about $15.
Subject: A/C on local calls
You do have to dial an area code on local calls between 415
and 408, as from about September, last year. You don't have to dial
1+ yet, in most of the 415 area, and in the immediate San Jose area in
408. You also have to dial the area code on local calls from 415 to
707. (e.g. Martinez-415-228,229,372 to Bencia, 707-745 and 746) By
the way, Pittsburgh, CA's Eastern section (415-458) and I think one or
2 other 415 exchanges have 1+ dialing. I think a local call from
Crockett to Vallejo would be interpreted as a long distance call from
Crockett to Berkeley without the area code 707.
------------------------------
Date: 18 Jul 1983 1039-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #38
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Re: RICK@MC's comments:
I think the 212A format is in fact 300 baud QPSK (4 bits per baud).
EAX, if I recall correctly, stands for Electronic Automatic
X[switch]ing, and is GTE's entry into the market of electronic
telephone equipment. It is similar in concept, but not particularly
so in implementation.
About wiring documentation, I don't know.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 18 Jul 83 18:01 EDT
From: Axelrod.wbst@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: office names (CEdar, etc.)
To: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld.arpa>
Yes, indeed, (516) 239 was originally CEdarhurst 9. That was my phone
number when I moved to Cedarhurst in 1948, at age 11. It wasn't 516
in those days, either, because DDD and the NPA hadn't happened yet.
When I dial my folks, I still think "CE 9", rather than "239".
Art Axelrod
Xerox Webster Research Center
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
19-Jul-83 21:32:36-PDT,10950;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 19-Jul-83 21:31:14
Date: 19 Jul 1983 2131-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #41
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Wednesday, 20 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 41
Today's Topics: Bits And Bauds
Vermont Fighting Interstate Toll-Call Rates
Office Names (CEdar, Etc)
Handset Connected Modems
New England Telephone - Test Lines Now Available For Use
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 1983 0833-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Bits and bauds
A baud is the number of channel symbols per second.
212A modems are DPSK, two bits per channel symbol.
They are 1200bps modems, not 1200 baud. But "baud" is like "Scotch" tape.
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 1983 0837-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Vermont fighting interstate toll-call rates
Vermont fighting interstate toll-call rates
By Dan Gillmor
Special to the Globe
MONTPELIER -- The state of Vermont has asked the Federal
Communications Commission to order a nationwide reduction in
interstate toll-call rates next year when new charges are imposed on
telephone users.
Public Service Commissioner Richard Saudek and Public Service Board
Chairman V. Louise McCarren, in papers filed yesterday in Washington,
wrote that American Telephone & Telegraph Inc., by far the nation's
largest provider of interstate telephone service, will collect an
"unjustified windfall" if the FCC does not act.
In Vermont, the Public Service Board is the quasi-judicial state
agency that decides utility rate cases. The Public Service Department
collects data on energy use and represents the public in rate hearings
before the Board. The FCC has jurisdiction over all interstate
telephone service.
The Vermont petition represents the state's effort to mitigate what
many observers fear will be far higher local costs for rural telephone
users without commensurately lower interstate toll costs.
It was the FCC that imposed the new charges, over and above local and
toll charges, called "Access Charges." Beginning next Jan. 1, the day
AT&T will spin off its regional telephone companies as part of an
anti-trust settlement, telephone users must pay to their local
telephone companies a monthly per-line charge of $4 in order to have
access to the interstate system, whether they ever make a long
distance call [or not].
Currently the money is paid to the local companies by AT&T and a
number of smaller long-distance companies. The cash for those charges
is collected in long-distance toll bills on a per-minute basis.
Local companies will collect roughly $4.3 billion from their customers
next year in flat (access) charges, and the long distance companies,
primarily AT&T, will have lower costs in the same amount.
AT&T has indicated it would lower some interstate rates, probably
those in markets where there is competition, primarily urban-to-urban
toll "highways," but company officials have flatly refused to say
there would be lower interstate rates in markets lacking competition.
Rural areas are a prime example of the latter kinds of markets.
In their petition, McCarren and Saudek wrote, "As the FCC stated (in
its Access Charge order): 'Implementation of access charges is not a
rate increase, it is a rate restructure. Increases in access rates
will be matched dollar for dollar by reductions in per message
interstate charges.'"
Thus, the Vermont action is an attempt to force the FCC to follow
through on that statement.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 19 Jul 83 09:49 PDT
From: Swenson.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: Office names (CEdar, etc)
cc: Swenson.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
When I was growing up in Berkekey, Calif, Berkeley was manual.
Berkeley was served by BErkeley, THornwall & AShbury. Our house was
BErkeley 1199W, across the street was BErkeley 1199J, and our frends
in Albany, just north of Berkeley had BErkeley 1199. The Albany phone
was converted to dial, and their exchange changed to LAndscape 5-1199.
The -5 was used to avoid confusion with LAkehurst, in Oakland. This
was the first time I encountered numeric exchange sufixes. During WWII
the number of phones grew so that AShbury had some 5 digit numbers.
When the Berkekey area was converted to dial, the BErkeley 7 (3d digit
had by now arrived) exchange was converted to LAndscape 6 & Landscape
7. The coin phones which had been on BErkeley 7 were converted to
CEdar 7-same pulse string. I remember this because we lived on the
corner of Cedar & Holly in Berkeley.
During most of this time CHina in San Francisco, which was manual,
would find local residents by name. A phone number was not necessary
unless you dialed in.
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 1983 1105-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #40
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Re: Handset connected modems:
Trimline style telephones, containing the dialing in the handset also
have the rest of the telephone in your hand. The base is quite
literally just a switchhook and a bell. Don't attempt to connect a
handset modem to the trimline handset interface; it has the line on
it. Alternatively, you might probe around the handset wiring if it
isn't a trimline and compare those which have worked with those which
haven't. The voltage levels are pretty standard within handset
wiring; but the placement may not be.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 1983 1701-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Test Lines now available for use
The following document reached me today:
TEST LINE ACCESS CAPABILITIES WITHIN NEW ENGLAND TELEPHONE COMPANY
A. Effective 1 April 1983 the Bell Operating Companies made available
to customers, vendors, and equipment suppliers, the use of certain
Test Line Access capabilities. This effort is intended to be utilized
for the testing of Bell Operating Company Public Switched Network
Services emanating from central office exchanges and terminating in
PBX, key, ACD or multifunction systems. Test Line Access capabilities
will be extended into nine different categories. Each of the nine
categories will be subject to what is currently operationally
available within each Bell Operating Company exchange.
B. Test Lines authorized at this time for access by the
telecommunications industry.
1. 100-Type (Balance/Quiet)
2. 102-Type (Milliwatt)
3. Synchronous
4. Nonsynchronous
5. 105-Type (Automatic Transmission Measuring)
6. 107-Type (Data Transmission) Note: there are none in N.E.T.
7. Short Circuit
8. Open Circuit
9. Loop Around
As previously noted, the availability of the above Test Lines will be
subject to those operationally available within the existing telephone
company central office exchanges. No plans are contemplated to make
all of the above Test Lines available from each exchange where they
are not presently in effect.
The Station Ringer/Touch Tone (Ring Back) Test Line is not included at
this time as it is currently involved in an FCC Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking (FCC Docket No. 81-216)
[I called the FCC to find out what the status is; all I could find out
is that this is one of about 50 issues involved with customer testing
of customer provided premises wiring which will be resolved by the end
of the year.]
C. Elaboration of the above Test Lines (abridged)
1. 100 type Test Line (Balance/Quiet) -- There are two
versions. The older can be used for balance and noise
testing. The newer provides, in addition, a 1kHz or 1004Hz
tone for one way loss measurements
2. 102-Type Test Line - Milliwatt - 1kHz or 1004 Hz for one-way
loss measurements.
3. Synchronous Test Line - for testing supervisory and tripping
functions.
4. Nonsynchronous - operational test, not as complete but more
rapid than the synchronous test.
5. 105-Type ATMS - far-end access to responder for two-way
transmission measurements.
6. 107-Type (Data Transmission) Test line -- provides a
programmed sequence of test signals for one-way testing of
parameters that affect voice and voiceband data transmission.
(The only one I know of on the network is 516 423-9978.)
7&8. Short Circuit and Open Circuit Test lines -- provide a
short or open circuit, respectively, to an incoming line or
trunk.
9. Loop around Test Line -- provides for the interconnection
of two lines or trunks to facilitate two-way loss measurements
from the distant end.
D. Bell System Technical Reference (abridged)
The above are further elaborated within the Bell System's Technical
Reference PUB 60101, published in December, 1982. A select code
of 326-163 has been assigned to this. For urgent requests or
questions, contact Mrs. Harriet Dumaf, Publisher's Data Center, Inc.
212 834-0170. Mrs. Dumaf will honor requests for (price lists) PUB
40000 or 40000A. She will also provide a price quote over the phone.
However, no shipment of pubs other than the price lists will be made
before payment has been received.
E. Tariff Charges
Initially, access to the Test Lines will be charged at the rate
(message unit, etc.) for the call where such charges are applicable.
F. Point of Contact (Test Line Coordinator) within each Bell Operating
Company.
A centralized point of contact has been established within each BOC to
provide telephone numbers that are associated with each BOC exchange.
The BOC point-of-contact within your area [here] is:
Ms. Muriel McGinn
Assistant Staff Manager
New England Telephone Company
101 Huntington Ave., Suite 1965
Boston, MA 02199
617-743-7937
G. Procurement of Test Line Numbers
Enclosed in this section is a directory of Test Line Numbers by
individual states served by New England Telephone. [It's too long to
type -- 48 pages.]
H. Test Line Trouble Reporting Procedures
Trouble conditions noted with the Test Line Numbers may be reported to
the normal trouble reporting number: 1-555-1515.
I. Possible Misuse and/or Abuses of Test Lines
The Test Lines being made available are to be mutually used by all
parties (Telephone Company personnel, customers, vendors and equipment
suppliers, et al). Any misuse and/or abuses (such as attempting to
utilize the Test Lines for purposes other than those specified within
Technical Reference 60101 or extended use for a long duration) may
deprive others from ready access and use of the available Test Lines.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
20-Jul-83 20:57:47-PDT,5173;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 20-Jul-83 20:56:54
Date: 20 Jul 1983 2056-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #42
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Thursday, 21 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 42
Today's Topics: Sprint - Owned by GTE
212/718 NYC Area Code Splitting
Song, Battery Backup, Bell 212A Modems, GTE EAX Switching
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 19 Jul 83 23:17:51 PDT
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Sprint
I just saw a "Sprint" ad on TV, and noticed in the fine print that
Sprint is now owned by GT&E. It was originally part of the Southern
Pacific Railroad.
------------------------------
Date: 20 July 1983 12:51 edt
From: TJMartin.ADL at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: Re: Area Code Splitting
From the N.Y.Times of 7-20-83:
''...a handful of officials held a hasty news conference
yesterday to oppose plans to split New York City into two
telephone area codes.
''New York Telephone...says it is running out of 212 numbers
because of all the specialized services...using telephone
lines.
''Let these 'esoteric' services use the new code, Attorney
General Robert Abrams said.
''"Exotic-service customers, who cause the problem, should
bear the burden of converting to 718," Assemblyman Joseph
Ferris of Brooklyn agreed.
[Other officials included Brooklyn Borough Pres. Howard
Golden and Queens Borough Pres. Donald Manes.]
I don't know what kind of expert help the four gentlemen received
while preparing their proposal, but is it feasible to split area codes
by type of service, instead of geographic location?
--Tom Martin/Arthur D. Little, Inc./Cambridge MA/
------------------------------
Date: Tuesday, 19-Jul-83 20:19:26-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Song and Misc.
Greetings.
First of all, I'd like to thank CC.CLIVE for his kind comments
regarding my "Bell System" lyrics. I must state firmly, however, that
I refuse to give up my exciting (???) career as a
computer/telecommunications consultant in exchange for the glamour of
the music/lyrics biz. That is, I refuse to do so *unless* I'm offered
a firm contract including video rights and plenty of groupies...
The lyrics are really only intended for the enjoyment of individuals
who truly understand the telecommunications industry. Thusly, I have
a hunch that the average Public Utilities Commission would have
difficulty appreciating them. Typically, these Commissions have very
underdeveloped senses of humor, so I recommend against sending them a
copy of the lyrics. Just as an aside, I had a very nice conversation
with a California PUC staff member earlier this week regarding
PacTel's recent filings. We talked almost an hour (on his "dime",
too!) He was surprisingly open in discussing his feelings about the
whole telecommunications "fiasco" now being played out, and promised
to try keep me informed as to the goings on with the PacTel filings.
The problem, of course, is that the actual Public Utility Commission
members usually ignore the comments made by their own (sometimes quite
knowledgeable) staff.
----
A few random points to cover...
----
1) As has already been mentioned, virtually all telco CO's use
battery backup for short duration power failures, and, indeed, most
CO's other than the small unattended facilities also have at least
one backup generator for use if the failure becomes prolonged. One
point that wasn't mentioned is that most of the telco batteries are
ALWAYS live on the circuit -- the DC power derived from the outside
mains is continually float-charging the batteries which are in turn
continually providing power to keep the office running. That's why
the phones keep working, generally without even the slightest
glitch, through most short duration power failures -- even
currently open connections are usually not disturbed.
2) Bell 212A modems operate at 600 BAUD, using scrambled "dibit"
phase-shift modulation (2 bits of information per baud). Indeed,
the terms bits and bauds are thrown around rather sloppily, but
normally it is pretty clear what is really meant.
3) Right -- EAX is General Telephone's version of ESS. GenTel's
primary supply unit has always been their own "Automatic Electric
Company", and they've thusly liked to work the word "Automatic"
into GenTel product offerings. While ESS stands for "Electronic
Switching System", EAX stands for "Electronic Automatic Exchange".
Another similar case: Bell System uses the term PBX for "Private
Branch Exchange". GenTel uses PABX, for "Private Automatic Branch
Exchange". It's all in the name!
Bye for now.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
25-Jul-83 19:32:19-PDT,5199;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 25-Jul-83 19:31:33
Date: 25 Jul 1983 1931-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #43
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Tuesday, 26 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 43
Today's Topics: Hands Free Telephony
PBX/PABX
3400 v 212a Protocols
American Bandstand & (900) Numbers
Western Union Metrophone Rates
212/718 Split Compared With 213/818
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thu, 21 Jul 83 08:29:46 PDT
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Hands Free Telephony
On page 51 of the Thursday, July 21, San Francisco Chronicle, there
is the typical Emporium-Capwell ad, but this one is for, among other
things, a cordless telephone with an optional headset. The headset
looks like a set of Walkman-type headphones with a microphone extended
down in front of the mouth, much like the Star Set. I believe the
headset must be used with the phone in order to work. According to
the ad, the headset costs $24.00, with a 2 week delivery time. Does
anybody know anything about this? The phone is made by U.S. Tron, if
that's any help.
Phil
------------------------------
Date: 21 Jul 1983 1824-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: PBX/PABX
Strictly speaking (international terminology and all) a PBX is manual
and a PABX is automatic. It wasn't all that long ago that PABXs were
VERY rare (unless you were really huge), so the term PBX got well
known, and noone changed to PABX.
------------------------------
Date: 21 Jul 1983 20:06:49-PDT
From: sdcsvax!sdchema!bam@Nosc
Subject: 3400 v 212a protocols
I think this might have been covered in a previous digest, but I was
wondering if anyone knew the actual difference between the using the
Vadic 3400 or Bell 212a protocols. I understand that Vadic claims 1
in 10^12 errors on a worst case basis. This on a direct connect line.
What are the Bell stats?
Also using a public packet network (such as Telenet) is there any way
of reducing errors caused by your local connection other than using
host character echo? The local node was not designed to echo all your
characters if you batch at 1200 baud. IF you can't use any type of
protocol transfer (my host has no such feature) I'm resigned to having
everything echoed from the the host, comparing it locally with what
was sent and retransmitting the line if incorrect. The actual
throughput ends up being about 300 baud.
In short, I can afford NO errors, have no facility for protocol type
transfers and am required to use the network. (A connection directly
to the host is much worse.) I should also say that my application is
much to portable to allow for a fixed location teleprocessing unit.
Although the traffic alone would justify the tp and the leased lines
if we were fixed. Cost is almost no object. Any assistance would be
greatly appreciated.
Bret Marquis
bam@berkeley
bam@NOSC
sdcsvax!sdchema!bang!bam
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 22 Jul 83 13:12:57 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
A few weeks ago, American Bandstand TV show (Dick Clark, host)
advertised a series of 900-area phone #'s: 900-720-7nnn (where nnn was
111 or 222 or 333 or ... or 999), in voting for couple #1 thru #9. (I
THINK I got the 1st 4 digits after "900" OK.) Was this done so that
the American-Bandstand callers did not swamp the network handling
other, normal calls?
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 22 Jul 83 21:13:36 PDT
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Western Union Metrophone rates
Metrophone rates will increase approximately 1 penny per
minute as of 11 August 1983. Evening rates will run from 5 P.M.
(instead of 6 P.M.) on Weekdays. (most subscribers only have
evening/night service) In addition, there will be 4 bands from 0-100
miles (25,50,75,100) instead of 2. (rate notice)
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Jul 83 9:16:24 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-bmd
The following is prompted by controversy over 212/718 split in NYC:
Actually, the upcoming 213/818 split in LA area will, according to
earlier messages in this digest, create a few areas where prefixes
from 2 area codes can be found. I am referring to cases of (given
that A and B are place names) A and A(B rates). In other words, A
would go into 818 while A(B rates) remained in 213, or vice versa.
[I believe you are talking about specific exchanges (as opposed to
prefixes) which have dedicated foreign exchange prefix service.
For example, Van Nuys, CA. will go in 818, but prefixes 872 and 873
will remain in 213 because they are foreign exchange (Western
Hollywood (213) 46x) prefixes for those people who want to call the
main Los Angeles exchanges (called the Los Angeles Extended Area).
--JSol]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
29-Jul-83 20:13:36-PDT,7131;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 29-Jul-83 20:12:37
Date: 29 Jul 1983 2012-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #44
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Saturday, 30 July 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 44
Today's Topics:
House & Senate Introduce Legislation To Block Local Increases
Directory Assistance Robot
NPA 409 Separated From 713 In Texas Last Night
Restricted Calling Card
More On 409
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 25 Jul 1983 21:56-PDT
Sender: GEOFF@SRI-CSL
Subject: House & Senate introduce legislation to block locl increases.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
n008 0631 22 Jul 83
PM-PHONES
(BizDay)
By KENNETH B. NOBLE
c. 1983 N.Y. Times News Service
WASHINGTON - The chairmen of the House and Senate commerce
committees Thursday introduced legislation intended to block increases
in local telephone rates that would occur as a result of the breakup
of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co.
Their proposal would reverse a decision last December by the
Federal Communications Commission intended to raise local phone rates
by about $2 a month per household, starting Jan. 1, 1984. The charge
would cover some of the costs for access to the long-distance networks
that the local phone companies will need.
Most of the nation's local service is provided by AT&T's 22
operating subsidiaries, which will become independent companies after
they are divested next year as part of the settlement of the antitrust
suit brought against the phone company by the Justice Department.
The committee chairmen, Sen. Bob Packwood and Rep. John D.
Dingell, said at a joint news conference they were proposing the
creation of a ''universal service fund'' that would be a mechanism by
which long-distance phone carriers, such as AT&T after the breakup and
MCI Communications, its largest competitor, would subsidize local
service in rural and remote communities.
The bill was attacked by AT&T and MCI, and by eight members - four
Democrats and four Republicans - of Dingell's House Committee on
Energy and Commerce. They contended that the bill would protect
residential customers at the expense of long-distance customers.
Packwood, R-Ore., and chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee,
and Dingell, D-Mich., said that under the FCC's December order, the
additional charge to most local telephone subscribers was likely to
rise to $10 or more by 1990. They said that would double today's
average basic-service phone rate and make telephone service, as
Dingell put it, ''a luxury beyond the reach of many Americans.''
Also present at the news conference on Capitol Hill was an
important Dingell ally, Rep. Timothy E. Wirth, D-Colo., chairman of
the House Commerce subcommittee on telecommunications. The two
Democratic representatives and the Republican senator held the joint
news conference to demonstrate their resolve in the face of opposition
from the long-distance carriers and to show that the bill had
bipartisan support. A joint hearing was scheduled for Tuesday.
The bill, which supersedes similar bills introduced earlier, would
create a new subsidy mechanism requiring that all long-distance
companies pay a fee to local phone companies for access to local
customers. This would reverse the FCC's December decision that sought
to shift the entire cost of the so-called interconnections to
individual customers by adding a seperate charge to their monthly
bills.
In addition to the ''universal service fund'' to provide subsidies
to local telephone companies in rural and remote areas, the bill would
require state public utility commissions to establish
''lifeline'' minimum basic telephone rates for low-income residential
customers.
Reacting to the two bills, Kenneth J. Whalen, an AT&T executive vice
president, said in a statement, ''Some of these proposals would
destroy AT&T's plan to reduce long-distance rates in 1984.'' He did
not explain which proposals would have that effect.
Gene Eidenberg, a senior vice president for MCI Communications, said
in a statement that the legislation ''would guarantee higher local
telephone rates by stifling innovation by telephone companies.''
Also attacking the proposals were eight members of the Energy and
Commerce Committee, who wrote: ''At the present time, statistical
evidence is limited which suggests that the path of the industry will
lead to a loss of universal service.''
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 26 Jul 83 13:14:34 PDT
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Directory assistance robot
When I just called 316 (Wichita) information, after I gave the
operator the name and adress, the number was given by stepped
recording, and I was told to hold on if I wanted another operator.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 27 Jul 83 8:37:53 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
I heard last night that new (as of March) area 409 was broken off from
713 in Texas.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 27 Jul 83 8:39:10 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
I was wondering why 409 & 909 were not used as area codes.
Maybe due to things like the Beach Boys' song "409"? (Not
so well known, due to its being only an album cut, is the
Beatles' "One After 909".)
------------------------------
Date: 28 Jul 1983 0933-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Restricted Calling Card
With the new, nationwide Calling Card database, it is possible to get
Calling Cards which are restricted in a fashion which permits calls
only TO the telephone for which it is issued.
This restricted calling card is useful, for example, for children to
call home at the calling card rate instead of the collect rate.
The calling card can be entered with either the full number, or with
just the four-digit-PIN. The "#" feature for "you may dial another
number now" is disabled.
I was amazed when I called the Business Office and had NO difficulty
ordering one.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 28 Jul 83 9:54:38 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: looking up 409 area
I couldn't find reference to new 409 area in latest Houston & Beauomnt
phone books (Texas). However, I did see 409 in area code map in
1983-84 Queens (NYC) directory (which, by the way, doesn't refer to
212/718 split). On such map, 409 takes in what was 713 EXCEPT for
Houston & some surrounding area. (I've never before seen an area code
completely surrounded by another one.) Beaumont & Galveston are in 409
now. My guess: Houston & suburbs stayed in 713 for convenience of
business there and of callers from other areas. (I figure Houston &
suburbs would get most of traffic into old 713 area.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
1-Aug-83 19:24:12-PDT,503;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 1-Aug-83 19:20:48
Date: 1 Aug 1983 1920-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #45
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM AM Digest Tuesday, 2 August 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 45
Today's Topics:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
**********************
-------
1-Aug-83 19:27:52-PDT,8883;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 1-Aug-83 19:26:36
Date: 1 Aug 1983 1926-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <TELECOM at USC-ECLB>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #45
Sender: JSOL@USC-ECLB
To: TELECOM: ;
Reply-To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 2 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 45
Today's Topics: Vadics and 212As
AT&T, MCI Cut Their Own Throats
Computer Use By Phone
Topic Header In Digest 44
Documentation Of 818 Area
409 Area Code
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 30 July 1983 12:03 EDT
From: Peter J. Castagna <PC @ MIT-MC>
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #30
I know this is very late, but I couldn't help being disconcerted by
your calling Vadics and 212A's expensive. In the use for which they
were originally developed (which wasn't for the terminal market) the
212 was developed mainly to SAVE money for users (mainly in the 25%
phone costs they maintain, which over a period of 5 years @$20/mo/line
is more than the purchase price of the modem as it was then. Now,
with VADIC's going for $325 in large quantities, payback is on the
order of 2 years. The original market was for businesses doing data
transfer, with 24-hour connections and constant use, and a fixed
amount of data that must be trans- ferred.
Does anybody agree that filters are the high-cost part of modems? For
your vadic price you should be able to get a truly remarkable hdx
modem which depends on the Phone Company for its filtering.
Besides, with 45 Megabit customer service right around the corner, why
trifle about what kind of war club is more economical? I hear that
single-mode fiber optic cable has just about hit price equivalence
with multi-mode fiber.
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 30 Jul 1983 13:39 EDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSOL%MIT-OZ@MIT-MC>
Subject: AT&T, MCI cut their own throats
I'm glad to hear that the House and Senate are considering the
"universal access fund" as an alternative to billing residence
customers for the cost of providing long distance service.
There are several reasons why it is more reasonable to bill the
carrier for providing the service than to bill all residence
customers. First of all, not all Residence Customers use long
distance, especially in rural areas. Second, local phone service is
going to increase fast enough just to pay for the new innovations in
local telephone equipment that will become available in the next few
years. The cost of my local service more than doubled about 5 years
ago in Connecticut, going from about $6.00 to about $15.00/month, In
California, the PUC is currently debating whether or not to give
Pacific Telephone their increases, doubling their phone rates as well.
Long Distance carriers can recover the cost of providing long
distance service by instituting "initial minute" charges, like AT&T
currently has.
As an additional suggestion, I would like to see the telephone company
provide a service which does not permit long distance calls, and said
service should be free of "access fees". If we must be assessed this
"tax" (there is no other word for it), I propose that access to long
distance carriers be a choice the customer makes, just like the color
of his phone and whether or not to order Touch Tone (tm).
Well, that's my opinion. For the most part, I feel angry and helpless
at not being able to shape my own telephone service needs. With this
new legislation being discussed by the House and Senate, I feel a bit
more in contact with the law.
------------------------------
Date: 29 Jul 83 1612 PDT
From: David Fuchs <DRF@SU-AI>
Subject: Computer Use by Phone
"Computer User by Phone May Be Costly" --Wall Street Journal, July 29
Much higher telephone bills may face residents of some states who
connect their personal computers by telephone to larger computers that
provide mail and other services electronically--if the telephone
company finds out about their computers
The increases result from ``information terminal tariffs,'' special
telephone rates begun during the 1960s by some of American Telephone &
Telegraph Co.'s operating companies for the use of their phone lines
to send and receive data. The companies say the rates are higher than
ordinary residential rates because sending and receiving data makes
heavier use of the lines. [???]
[We have discussed in previous digests the issues of using phone lines
for data. In short the connection is held for the duration of the call
which means that for several hours the particular interoffice trunk is
unusable by others. In periods of high load this can really affect
performance. --JSol]
But the tariffs took effect before the personal-computer revolution,
when only businesses were transmitting data by phone, says Robert
Braver, a personal-computer owner in Okalahoma [sic] City.
Personal-computer owners use their phones much less than businesses
for data transmission, he asserts. ``So why is the phone company
charging me a superhigh rate?'' he asks.
Mr. Braver says his basic monthly telephone bill recently rose to
$45.90 from $9 after the phone company found out that he was using his
home telephone for computer messages.
Southwestern Bell, which serves Oklahoma, defends the propriety of Mr.
Braver's bills but acknowledges that ``technology has sort of
surpassed some of the tariffs we have on file.''
Though the tariffs apply in several states, mostly those served by
Southwestern Bell, Mountain Bell and Southern Bell, few
personal-computer owners have been billed under them. The telephone
company doesn't try to discover who is transmitting data over its
lines, says a Southwestern Bell spokesman.
One reason may involve the legal issue. ``It's not hard
technologically for the phone company to monitor the lines, but
whether that's an illegal invasion of privacy is difficult to tell,''
says Lee Selwyn, a telecommunications expert with Ecoomics &
Technology Inc., a consulting company.
Meanwhile, Mr. Braver isn't planning to pay his increased bills
without a fight. He's organizing a fund-raising campaign to mount a
legal challenge to the tariff. And he's making contacts fast with
potential contributors-- through his electronic mail network.
-David Stipp
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 83 7:47:07 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: topic header in digest 44
The header "NPA 409 separated from 713 in Texas last night" might be
misleading; it might be interpreted as "409 was created last night"
when the text suggested "as of March".
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 83 12:01:24 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: documentation of 818 area
I looked up LA--Northeastern phone book of Jan. 1983 and found
announcement of new 818 area code (already mentioned many times in
this digest) to take effect Jan. 7, 1984. I have heard about this
making LA a 2-area-code city, but the list I saw for 818 has no
prefixes with the "Los Angeles" place name. What other exchanges
would pick up part of city of LA? Does Los Angeles & vicinity have
the 911 emergency number, and is it distinct for the city of LA? (In
the 215 area, dialing 911 from 835 & 839 does NOT get Phila. police,
because these are Bala Cynwyd prefixes, even though message-unit calls
from there are at the rates for the neighboring part of Philadelphia.)
[The "Los Angeles" exchange is still in 213, all the other parts of
the city have their own exchange designators, such as Van Nuys, Canoga
Park, North Hollywood. These examples are still part of the city of
Los Angeles, but are different rate areas. If you look at a map of the
city broken down by exchanges, you will find that West LA is a segment
of Los Angeles which does not border on the "Los Angeles" exchange (it
is bordered by Beverly Hills, Van Nuys, Reseda, Santa Monica, and
Culver City (did I forget Mar Vista?). In any event, the city WILL be
split, even though all of the Los Angeles exchange is still in 213.
--JSol]
------------------------------
Date: Mon 1 Aug 83 16:16:53-CDT
From: Clive Dawson <CC.Clive@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: 409 Area Code
Alas, I'm all too familiar with the consequences of the fact that 409
is not shown in most Texas phone books yet. My phone number in
area-code 512 happens to be the same as that of the Holiday Inn in
Beaumont, TX. People calling the Holiday Inn reach me on the average
of 10-15 times a week.
Sigh.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
-------
2-Aug-83 17:55:04-PDT,6963;000000000000
Return-path: <JSOL@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 2-Aug-83 17:54:38
Date: Tuesday, August 2, 1983 5:53PM
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #46
To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 3 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 46
Today's Topics: Access Charges
Another Bad Telephone Number To have.
On Modems Which Replace Handsets
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 2 August 1983 09:27 EDT
From: "Marvin A. Sirbu, Jr." <SIRBU @ MIT-MC>
Subject: access charges
If there was a special rate for people who didn't make long distance
calls, it would be just as much as local rates with access charges.
While the bill may say that "access" charges are for access to the
long distance network, what they really pay for is the wire between
your house and the nearest central office, plus the fixed cost parts
of the office switch. You need all that equipment just to make local
calls, so saying you aren't going to make any long distance calls
doesn't reduce the COSTS of "access" one dime.
There is local equipment which is used only by people making long
distance calls -- for example, the trunk from the local office to the
"point of presence" of the interexchange carrier. The cost of this
equipment WILL be billed directly to the interexchange carriers.
As to billing "access" charges to long distance carriers, why should
someone who makes more minutes of long distance calls pay more for
some fixed plant whose cost doesn't vary with usage? And if you do
try and tack the cost of local access onto the long distance bill, how
do you keep the big users of long distance from putting up their own
satellite or microwave system to escape the charges? The only way to
keep the subsidy from long distance to local service is to go back to
the 1950s and get rid of all the competition in the telephone
business.
Countries like Japan or France succeed in maintaining the cross
subsidy by simply forbidding competitive carrier, satellites and
private microwave systems.
Marvin Sirbu
------------------------------
Date: Tue 2 Aug 83 10:17:12-CDT
From: Rick Watson <CC.RICK@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: Another bad telephone number to have.
I had 512/454-1212 for about a year (note similarity to 555-1212). We
sometimes got so tired of explaining to the person that he didn't
really have directory assistance that we would often just look up the
number in the phone book. It was also fun to chat with the callers
about the weather in Seattle, etc...
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 2 Aug 83 17:16:06 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-ATS>
Subject: On Modems Which Replace Handsets
On Modems Which Replace Handsets
Modems, such as the Atari and the Hayes, which are made to connect in
place of the handset on a telephone, are intended for use with the
full-modular version of the Western Electric (or equivalent) model 500
and 2500 telephones. The 500 is the standard dial telephone
introduced in the 1950's; the 2500 is the corresponding touch-tone
telephone. These phones use what is usually called a "network"; this
contains most of the electronic components of the phone (excluding a
couple of diodes which sit on the receiver, limiting the voltage going
to the receiver, and a capacitor in series with the ringer). Used
networks are available for around $1.00. They are taken from phones
removed from service and are available from telephone surplus houses
such as Telectric Company, 1218 Venice Boulevard, Los Angeles. They
are extremely reliable: I have never seen a used network which did not
work. Essentially identical networks can be found in the
corresponding telephones made by Stromberg-Carlson, Northern Electric,
ITT, and others, but excluding General Tinkle (G. T and E.) which
seems to like to be different from the others. More recent
telephones, with electronic touch-tone circuits do not use these
networks.
The networks are potted in rectangular cans, about 2.5 by 2.5 by 1.5
inches, with one face covered with screw terminals. They serve, among
other things, the following purposes:
1. They compensate for the distance of the telephone to its central
office (the resistance of the subscriber line loop) or for the
fact that more than one telephone may be in use on the circuit.
2. They have a multi-winding transformer which (a) increases the
output from the transmitter (carbon microphone), (b) increases the
voltage to the receiver, while at the same time not allowing dc
voltage to go to the receiver, and (c) controls the amount of
signal which goes from the transmitter to the receiver (sidetone).
3. Provide an impedance match at audio frequencies to the subscriber
line loop.
4. In the case of dial phones, they contain a filter which decrease
the sparking from the opening and closing of the dial contacts.
5. In the case of touch-tone phones, they (together with a switch)
decrease the volume of the tones heard by the user when the
touch-tone buttons are pressed.
The screw-terminals on these networks are labeled with one or two
letters or numerals. The lettering is either adjacent to the
screw-terminals or on the side of the modem. To use these networks,
independent of a telephone set, the telephone line should be connected
to the terminals marked C and RR (not L1 and L2!). The receiver (or
its modem equivalent) should be connected to R and GN and the
transmitter (or its modem equivalent) should be connected to R and B.
Note that the polarity of the line is irrelevant. Indeed on older
exchanges the polarity sometimes reverses when dialing nearby old
exchanges; the reason for this is another story. However, this is the
reason that touch-tone phones sometimes don't work when calling Sprint
or MCI. The Telephone Company provides a "polarity guard" (in
reality, a full-wave bridge) to solve the problem.
If there are three wires going to your telephone, it is normally the
red and green which are used; the third, if connected, is a ground.
To disconnect the network from the circuit, it suffices to have a
single- pole, single-throw switch disconnecting the wire going to C or
the wire going to RR.
To use the device, connect it in parallel with your telephone and
connect your modem as indicated above (you will have to obtain the
appropriate female modular jacks -- note these are not the RJ11 jacks
which telephones plug into). Turn it off with its switch and dial
your favorite computer on your phone. When you get the answer tone,
switch the device on, hang up your telephone, and communicate.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
10-Aug-83 15:26:57-PDT,6537;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 10-Aug-83 15:25:15
Date: Wednesday, August 10, 1983 3:23PM
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #48
To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 11 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 48
Today's Topics:
"Illegal" Connections To Telephone Line
Finding "Illegal" Modem Users
New Long Distance Service
Strike Info?
Local Telephone Service Bypass / C-SPAN
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 6 Aug 83 20:55:43 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-ATS>
Subject: "illegal" connections to telephone line
In Volume 3, Issue 47 of Telecom, Lauren Weinstein refers to the
connection of a device, not certified by the FCC, to the telephone
line as "illegal". Is this literally correct or is it more of a civil
matter such as failure to pay rent, not abiding by all of the terms of
a contract, etc.? I have always thought that "illegal" referred to
criminal matters. Can you go to jail or receive a criminal penalty
for connecting a non-certified device to the telephone line? I am
assuming, of course, that the person making the connection is not
performing malicious damage.
By the way, all of the used "networks" one can buy either come from
FCC certified telephones with a certification number or from
telephones that were certified by the "Grandfather" clause which said
that all standard telephones in use on a certain date (I can't recall
the date) were automatically certified.
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 6 Aug 83 22:22:01 PDT
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Finding "illegal" modem users
As I recall, Ma Bell has a program which can run on their #x ESS
offices (I believe called ANALIT, but I'm not sure...) which can pick
out and flag Touch-Tone (TM) digits being send on non-registered
Touch-Tone lines. I would assume that they would/could modify ANALIT
to check for the continued presence of carriers, as well. Does
anybody know if they are doing this, or if they plan to? I seem to
recall that somebody in one of the information terminal rate areas who
worked for the operating company there said that doing such things
(i.e., looking for modems) was "against company policy."
Phil
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 9 Aug 83 07:14:21 PDT
From: jmrubin%Coral.CC@Berkeley
Subject: New long distance service
I saw an ad for "Thriftiphone", or something like that, another
MCI-clone gearing up for 1 January. This one is owned by NCR, ne
National Cash Register, so you may get unusual ringing, he-he. One
question with all these clones--Bell lines are often better in
quality. Come 1 January, are you going to be able to use Bell and one
other service or do you have to chose? Will Bell cost the same as the
others, and if so, will they degrade their lines to compete? (Right
now, there are numerous instances where you can use Bell long distance
with computers, but not the other guys. It depends on where you call,
of course.)
------------------------------
Date: 9 Aug 83 17:39-EST (Tue)
From: Steven Gutfreund <gutfreund%umass-cs@UDel-Relay>
Subject: Strike Info?
How is the stike affecting people so far?
How many people do we have who are planning to move at the end of the
month (my situation) and thus probably don't expect phone service for
weeks?
What was the longest Bell strike in recent history, and how long can
this one go?
Are people from BTL manning the phones? I know my sister is a
marketeer with Long Lines and they got her on the lines, (they ran
special courses in the offices two weeks ago to get people ready for
this).
------------------------------
Date: Tuesday, 9-Aug-83 03:19:52-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Local telephone service bypass / C-SPAN
The issues of people or organizations attempting to "bypass" local
telephone service is one of the "hot" issues right now in the current
Congressional hearings regarding telecommunications. From a technical
standpoint, cellular radio could provide some useful services, but I
don't believe it could hold up if substantial numbers of persons began
using it *instead* of conventional services; the traffic volumes in
small areas would simply be too high. Even if it *were* technically
feasible, such a shift in the user base would throw a massive
monkeywrench into the already confused equations involving the support
of local telephone services. I don't even want to think about it.
Don't sit around waiting for the cable-TV companies to help. As I've
said in the past, physical plant for CATV systems varies widely, as do
forward and reverse channel capacities, technology "level", and most
other factors. Many (most?) cable-TV operators have gross problems
with system quality control, and are lucky to be able to get
marginally viewable pictures to their subscribers, much less any other
sorts of services.
I am frequently asked by audiences about the possibility of CATV
systems taking over substantial volumes of services from Telco. My
usual response (sure to get a laugh) is that "most cable-TV companies
make General Telephone look good!" It's true.
--Lauren--
P.S. For those of you with C-SPAN on your local cable systems (or who
have a personal dish pointed in the correct direction), C-SPAN is
currently running the House/Senate joint hearings on Telephone
legislation. These hearings involve technical discussions of bypass
issues, long distance access charges, disconnect rates, lifeline
services, and many other topics of interest to TELECOM readers.
Testimony is from many sources, including high level AT&T officials,
MCI, state regulatory commissions, etc. These hearing generally air
via tape-delay late at night (I was just watching one that had been
running for some time at around 3:30 AM PDT). They are extremely
interesting viewing. C-SPAN also has numerous call-in programs, some
with guests who are directly involved in telecom issues. It is
usually possible to get "through" to many of these programs with only
a modest dialing effort.
--LW--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
6-Aug-83 20:11:59-PDT,11273;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom@USC-ECLB>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 6-Aug-83 2010-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLB rcvd at 6-Aug-83 2009-PDT
Date: Saturday, August 6, 1983 7:00PM
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #47
To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 7 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 47
Today's Topics:
Deregulation/Networks & Modems
Rising Phone Costs
Information Terminal Rate
Recent Discussions Revisited
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wednesday, 3-Aug-83 01:18:19-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Deregulation/Networks & Modems
I have to admit that I, for one, was not completely convinced by the
FCC's arguments concerning bypass of telco facilities by private
communications networks. Though I normally shudder at the thought of
government intervention in such matters, I feel that the current
Congressional actions, if implemented, will at least partially restore
an element of fairness for residential customers. As many of you
know, I am not convinced that the breakup of the Bell System is in the
best interests of the average telephone customer. Private concerns
applauding the "new era" of deregulation may have reason to alter
their opinions when public pressure forces the reimplementation of
many regulatory rules. These rules will almost certainly end up being
less strict than they were in the first place, but I don't believe
that the current "anything goes" philosophy, both in
telecommunications and other commercial arenas, will indefinitely
persevere.
---
The mention of the firm "Telectric" here in Los Angeles brought back
many fond memories. Back in the old days before the rise of the
"phone stores", Telectric was one of the few reliable local sources
for legit, decommissioned telephone equipment suitable for use in
private switching systems and the like. Telectric was mentioned in a
previous Telecom digest as a source for telephone "networks" for use
with modems. I should point out that connecting such a network to the
telephone system in the manner described is illegal. You may only
legally connect FCC approved devices in their original form (that is,
most user modifications de-certify the FCC registration). The sort of
networks that were discussed, as far as I know, would not be FCC
certified after being removed from a phone, even if the phone itself
was originally under FCC certification.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
From: David.Anderson@CMU-CS-G.ARPA
Subject: rising phone costs
The NBC Evening News had a special segment tonight on where the Bell
System split is taking us. Here's a summary of interesting tidbits
for TELECOM readers:
o Those whose phone bills are now under $40/mo (80% of us)
are going to wind up with higher bills, and soon. The
typical $10 bill will be $20-$25 next year, unless
someone (Congress?) does something.
o Experts are predicting that 10-15% of current subscribers
will terminate their service -- the poor, elderly, small
businesses that don't really need a phone, ...
o MCI alone has now captured 3% of the long distance market,
which was worth $1 billion last year.
A question for TELECOM readers: is there any hope at all for
alternative LOCAL phone service? Cellular? or how about cable?
--david
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 4 Aug 83 00:14:38 PDT
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Information Terminal Rate
Below is a file I picked up off of the Moraga, CA, RIBBS (Remote
CP/M bulletin board system).
--- Start of forwarded message ---
Downloaded from CompuServe CEM-SIG (Use GO CEM-450) by Edward Huang
(with much grief to my CIS/Visa bill!) Take this seriously although
Pacific Telephone has been nicer to us than the Central or Eastern
Bell companies but with the planned divesture,..... we hope for the
best.
-Ed
#: 11618 Sec. 0 - GENERAL
Sb: **WARNING**
16-Jun-83 18:17:22
Fm: Rich 74055,1540
To: *ALL*
--> Bell/MODEM cont. <-THIS FILE CONTAINS THE ENTIRE STORY ON
THE BELL/MODEMMER BATTLE. IT IS QUITE LONG. IF YOU'D LIKE TO SAVE IT
IN YOUR BUFFER AND PLACE IT ON OTHER SYSTEMS THAT IS FINE. - SOMETIME
IN EARLY MAY, 1983 I REQUESTED THAT A TRACER BE PLACED ON THE BBS
LINE. I HAD TO EXPLAIN THE KINDS OF CALLS I WAS RECEIVING, WHICH MEANT
THAT I HAD TO EXPLAIN THAT I HAD A MODEM. BELL ALREADY KNEW I HAD A
MODEM, AS I REGISTERED IT WITH THEM WHEN I FIRST SET UP THE BBS. THEY
DIDN'T DO THE TRACER (AT FIRST) BUT THEY SAID THAT SINCE I USED A
MODEM, I WOULD HAVE TO PAY THE INFORMATION TERMINAL RATE, WHICH IS
ABOUT 500% HIGHER THAN THE NORMAL PHONE RATE. FOR SEVERAL WEEKS I
ARGUED WITH THE BUSINES OFFICE REPS, TELLING THEM THAT THE RATE IS
ONLY FOR HIGH-SPEED LINES. I COULDN'T BELEIVE THAT ANYONE COULD PASS
A TARIFF THAT WOULD ESSENTIALLY OUTLAW NON-COMMERCIAL MODEM USE IN
OKLAHOMA. (WHO CAN AFFORD TO PAY A 500% HIGHER PHONE BILL??)
--> Bell/MODEM cont. <-WELL, IT TURNS OUT THAT THEY CAN AND
WILL CHARGE FOR MODEM USE. THEY DON'T CARE IF YOU USE THE MODEM
24-HOURS-A-DAY, ONCE A WEEK OR ONCE A MONTH. THE RATE IS $45.90.
TOUCH-TONE ALSO GOES UP, FROM $1.25/MONTH TO $3.50/MONTH. - THANKS TO
JOE PUGARELLI, KOCO-TV CHANNEL 5 WAS INTERESTED IN THE STORY, AND
BROUGHT A CAMERA CREW HERE TO MY APARTMENT. I WAS ON THE NEWS THAT
NIGHT AS THE REPORTERS GRIMLY TOLD THE AUDIENCE THAT THEIR PHONE RATE
WAS GOING UP IF THEY USED A MODEM. THEY DIDN'T HAVE ANYONE FROM BELL
IN THE STORY. HOWEVER, FIVE DAYS LATER THEY RE-RAN THE STORY, THIS
TIME WITH BELL REPRESENTATIVES CONFIRMING THE ADDITIONAL CHARGES FOR
MODEMS.
--> Bell/MODEM cont. <-IN THE MEANTIME, ABOUT 2 WEEKS PRIOR
TO ANY NEWS COVERAGE, AN INFORMAL FIRST MEETING OF THE OKLAHOMA MODEM
USERS GROUP (OMUG) MET IN A MCDONALDS RESTAURANT WHERE AMONG OTHER
THINGS, A PETITION WAS RELEASED FOR DUPLICATION AND CIRCULATION.
HOWEVER, THE PETITION TURNED OUT TO BE VAGUE, AND FROM A LEGAL
STANDPOINT DOESN'T MEAN ANYTHING. THEREFORE, A NEW PETITION IS BEING
DRAWN UP, WHICH WILL BE VERY SPECIFIC IN STATING THAT TELEPHONE
SERVICE BE CLASSIFIED AS EITHER "BUSINESS" OR "RESIDENTIAL," WITH NO
REFERENCES TO MODEM USE, AS MODEM USE DOES NOT NECESSARILY CONSTITUTE
A BUSINESS, AND MODEM USE USES THE PHONE LINES IN THE SAME MANNER AS
VOICE CONVERSATION. - NOW THAT THERE HAS BEEN NEWS COVERAGE BY LOCAL
TELEVISION, AND REPORTERS FROM THE WALL STREET JOURNAL HAVE CALLED THE
PHONE COMPANY (AND ME), JUDY MCREYNOLDS, MANAGER OF THE NORMAN
BUSINESS OFFICE IS SUBMITTING A PROPOSAL WHICH WOULD BE A "COMPROMISE"
BETWEEN THE RESIDENTIAL RATES AND THE "INFORMATION TERMINAL RATE."
THIS PLAN IS BETTER THAN PAYING A 500% INCREASE, BUT STILL INVOLVES A
150-200% INCREASE FOR THE SAME SERVICE, WITH NO LOGICAL REASON FOR ANY
INCREASE. THEREFORE, I INFORMED MS. MCREYNOLDS THAT HER EFFORTS WERE
APPRECIATED, BUT HER PROPOSAL (IF ACCEPTED) WOULD STILL BE
"UNACCEPTABLE."
--> Bell/MODEM cont. <-THE ONLY WAY FOR US TO OVERCOME THIS
CRIPPLING TARIFF IS FOR US TO UNITE IN AN INTELLIGENT AND ORGANIZED
MANNER. I URGE ALL MODEM OWNERS IN THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA TO JOIN THE
OKLAHOMA MODEM USERS GROUP (OMUG). ONCE WE ARE UNITED INTO ONE LARGE
GROUP, WE CAN ALL MAKE INTELLIGENT DECISIONS, UNDER THE ASSISTANCE &
SUPERVISION OF AN ATTORNEY WHO IS EXPERIENCED IN THE AREA (I ALREADY
HAVE ONE LINED-UP). IF NECESSARY, WE CAN INCORPORATE AND PROCED TO
FILE A CLASS-ACTION LAWSUIT AGAINST THE OKLAHOMA CORPORATION
COMMISSION AND SOUTHWESTERN BELL. WE WILL HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO TAKE
THIS ACTION IF CONVENTIAL METHODS (MEDIA ATTENTION, PETITIONS) FAIL. -
IF YOUR NAME AND ADDRESS ISN'T ALREADY ON THE OMUG MAILING LIST,
CONTACT ROBERT BRAVER IMMEDIATELY AT 360-7462, OR LEAVE
[Some text deleted which violates the spirit of TELECOM. --JSol]
I imagine that this is Bells' way of "testing the waters". If
an insuffeceint number of peaple raise an objection then I think it
would be a resonable prediction to say the other states will be hit
with this also. It has been pointed out by one member of the BBS that
not only Comp-u-serve, The Source, and Infotex will be affected but
the MODEM manufactures and the retailers will suffer as sales drop as
a result of this.
C u in a BIT.
Rich ( The Dragonfly ) 74055,1540
--- End of forwarded message ---
------------------------------
Date: 4 Aug 83 04:46:45 EDT
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: recent discussions revisited
Flick on blowers, slam all dampers open, turn on scrubbers, check
supply pressure, engage ignition system....
Somehow this ''access charge'' for long distance calling seems utterly
bogus. For one thing, has anyone considered how much equipment usage
is devoted to calls that wind up busy or no answer?? Regardless of
completion status, there is still ''usage'' to connect party X with
party Y's phone, or at least make an attempt. For interoffice
signaling, it would seem that the maximum bottleneck would be lots of
''Hey, connect line Q over *there*'' requests, and once the connection
is established, maintaining it is relatively easy. Of course for
long-haul digitally- switched stuff, it's all just more bits. I'd
like to see you get people to pay willingly to listen to busy signals!
If you make it so long-distance capability is optional, how is someone
who didn't bother to get it supposed to call the folks in Omaha when
Grand-dad just had a coronary? Borrow a neighbor's line? Go use a
public phone? In other words, it's another concept that sounds pretty
screwy and will be very difficult to live with. Seems that the
carrier services can reap quite enough profit by billing for actual
use, with compensations for the abovementioned non-connection cases.
Another nit: Why do people with modems necessarily run up more usage
than anyone else? I can talk to someone two towns over [still a local
call, thank clod] for three hours, and then call a *closer* number and
spend half an hour reading mail and bboards. I think *anyone* who is
getting screwed because they use a modem sometimes should put up
maximum resistance. Maybe they'll get the idea someday. It also does
seem to be a gross invasion of privacy for TPC to ferret out modem
carriers like that. I rent my line from the phone company for the
purpose of placing calls and exchanging audio signals in either
direction, and the content or type of those signals are none of their
bloody business. Furthermore, since I am *not* a business, and not
using the modem for any kind of profit, I should not *conceivably* be
charged their so-called ''business rates''.
Twist down feed valves, close dampers, drain float bowls, shake down
the ash pit...
_H*
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
14-Aug-83 18:32:56-PDT,8258;000000000001
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 14-Aug-83 18:32:06
Date: Sunday, August 14, 1983 6:30PM
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #49
To: TELECOM at USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Monday, 15 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 49
Today's Topics:
ANALIT - Detecting Carriers
Finding Touch-Tone(TM)
CATV Datacomm Services
Telco Tariffs / FCC Certification
Telephone Flames
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 10 Aug 1983 1552-PDT
Subject: ANALIT or whatever
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
The use of a program to periodically scan for a particular tone on
each line (or each of a list of suspected lines) in a CO strikes me as
a bit strange. Assuming the detection hardware were readily available
to be switched into each of these lines quickly, this seems to be a
rather ineffecient method of scanning.
I seem to recall that there once was (and may still be) a class of
service which said, in effect, watch for DTMF dialing and flag it. In
this mode, ESS would accept tone dialing, but the ringback/dtmf test
line would ignore tone signals. When tones were used, a printed log
or perhaps special entries on the AMA tapes would be made, thus
informing the company of unauthorized DTMF use. It makes far more
sense, though, simply to ignore touch tones on lines not paying for
the service, which appears to be the current policy in ESS offices.
Checking for carriers would be somewhat more difficult, since there
are not already detectors for this purpose. Also, DTMF signals need
only be monitored during dialing; once the call has been set up, the
detectors are free to be used elsewhere. Detecting carriers requires
the detector during the entire call.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Aug 1983 22:06 EDT
From: DVW.STRAT@MIT-OZ
Subject: Finding Touch-Tone(TM)
In regard to Phil's message;
I have found that down here (in Virginia/DC/MD), offices run by ESS
really don't need to check for Touch-Tone(TM) on rotary lines, simply
because if one doesn't pay for tone, a tone pad will not break the
dial tone, regardless of whether it's hardwired or acoustically
coupled into the line. They're not filtered, because other carriers
can receive them, but the CO refuses to hear them..
It shouldn't be that hard to find modems in ESS offices,
because the software (from what I've heard) is hackable to listen for
anything from DTMF to MF to whatever else they'd like.
--Bob--
------------------------------
Date: 11 Aug 1983 0657-PDT
Subject: CATV Datacomm Services
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
Appropriately enough on reading Lauren's comments re communications
provided by local CATV companies, I recalled just having read the
following, from the Aug 8 issue of DATA CHANNELS (V 10 # 16), one of
those high-priced technical newsletters:
MOUNTAIN BELL SEEKS PROBE INTO CABLE COMPANIES' DATA SERVICE
CAPABILITIES
Mountain Bell, which in June asked the New Mexico Corporation
Commission to stop Albuquerque Cable TV from offerring data
transmission services it claims compete with telephone-delivered
services, has now asked the NMCC to let it expand its complaint. The
telephone company now wants the commission not only to investigate
whether Albuquerque Cable is offering common carrier services without
a certificate of public convenience and necessity, but also to launch
an industrywide investigation into the state's cable companies'
capabilities to provide services in competition with telephone
companies.
Rather than looking at the specifics of individual companies' actions,
the Bell operating company wants the commission to look at the extent
to which cable companies, now unregulated by the state, can offer ways
to bypass the phone company's local loop, Mountain Bell's Jim Haynes
told DATA CHANNELS contributing editor Anna L. Zornosa.
Mountain Bell appears to be concerned about Los Alamos Cable TV, which
plans to offer 3 data services to its small but sophisticated service
area. The services, Subnet, Biznet, and Labnet, will allow
subscribers with terminals in their homes to use the cable system to
transmit high-speed data for a variety of applications.
Labnet, the service most important to the company's interactive data
program, will offer employees of the Los Alamos National Laboratory a
way to work at home by using personal computers to tie into the labs.
This service, an LATV official told us, will supply enough revenue to
get the others off the ground. A deal between the cable system and
the laboratory is nearly sealed, and the service could start in a
month, he said.
The other 2 services are designed for the city and county governments,
students at a branch of the University of New Mexico, and businesses.
Subscribers will pay $25 per month to access the services. "It's
going to bring us a lot of revenue," the official said. "Surveys have
shown people are very interested." Regarding Mountain Bell's
challenge, he suggested that the telco "regrets the fact it didn't do
it first."
****End of news item****
Some people have all the luck... Here in St. Louis City, the local
politicos have been wrangling and fussing over whether to award a
cable system charter for years, so I don't have Cable TV access at
all, much less a choice of fancy services...
Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: Thursday, 11-Aug-83 17:19:19-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Telco Tariffs / FCC Certification
The "rules" regarding the connection of equipment to the telephone
network and such are all contained in the "tariffs" that the telcos
have filed with (and which have been approved by) the various state
public utility commissions. These tariffs are rather like laws, but
are indeed actually civil documents. The term "illegal" is frequently
used to refer to acts which violate these tariffs, even though an
actual "criminal" offense need not be involved. The normal reaction
of the telcos to tariff violations (depending on circumstances, of
course) include warnings, disconnection of service, or in some cases
lawsuits.
Unless there are other (criminal) acts involved, you won't normally be
taken away in handcuffs for a telco tariff violation.
---
On the subject of FCC certification:
This certification applies to specific products and/or systems.
Unless a component of an FCC certified piece of telephone equipment
had been *separately* certified, that component itself would *not* be
certified once it was removed from the certified equipment. Any user
modifications of the certified equipment also invalidate the
certification.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 8 Aug 1983 1517-PDT
Subject: Telephone flames
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
If I may make a suggestion, many of the flames about stupid telephone
rate structures and excessive charges sound well-informed, and loud. I
think they would be most effective if sent to the news media,
senators, and regulatory agencies, in addition to this list. I have
been doing so, and what I am hearing is that there are many times more
angry letters being received by these agencies on this issue than on
any similar issue in the past. Creative alternatives and specific
points would be useful, if one is son inclined, however just another
vote will make a difference.
I urge anybody with any opinion on this issue to write it up and send
it to the appropriate agencies.
<>IHM<>
[Note from the moderator: Please do NOT mention TELECOM in any of
these correspondences. That would constitute political use of this
digest, which is contrary to DCA policy governing ARPANet mailings
such as this one. --JSol]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
18-Aug-83 18:16:38-PDT,14742;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 18-Aug-83 18:15:50
Date: 18 Aug 83 1813-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #50
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Friday, 19 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 50
Today's Topics:
Detecting Modem Usage
Miscellanea
Still No 1+ In Pittsburgh?
Punitive Tariffs For Modem Users
Place Names As Prefixes
Secure Dial-Ins
Cincinnati Bell; Measured Service?
Detecting Modems / Congressional Actions On Telephone Rates
New Switch At Ucla
Phone Strike Losers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Steven M. Bellovin <ulysses!smb@berkeley>
Date: 15 Aug 83 11:17:21 EDT (Mon)
Subject: detecting modem usage
Correct me if I'm wrong, but don't most phone systems already have
equipment installed to detect modem tones? I thought that the initial
presence of a modem carrier was used to disable the echo supressors;
on ESSen, it shouldn't be at all hard to make a note of that behavior
as well.
As for DTMF -- I know that some phone lines which have *never* had
DTMF service authorized will in fact accept it. My parents, for
example, have had the same phone numbers since before there was such a
thing, have never paid for Touch-Tone, but Touch-Tone does in fact
work on their phone lines. I seem to recall some mention in this
digest that that's a side-effect of the implementation of DTMF in
crossbar exchanges, not ESSen.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 83 15:21:06 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: miscellanea
There are Charge-Phones outside the Bell system, too! (There is one
in Brandywine service area on Pennsylvania Turnpike between exits 22
and 23 in Chester County on 215-286 exchange. 215-286 is Morgantown,
although Morgan- town proper is in Berks County right at exit 22.)
Bell System strike does not directly involve other phone
companies--but they must link together for long-distance calls. I
have heard about a portion of Ohio not in the Bell System linking to
directory assistance in Columbus, served by Ohio Bell. Also, I found
that self-service credit-card call worked the same outside of Bell
System as it did within.
Special DDD instructions for Needmore (717-573) & Warfordsburg
(717-294) exchanges found in Breezewood Tel. Co. phone book
(Breezewood, Pa.; covers parts of 717 & 814 areas): You must make such
calls as if you were in 301 area (Md.), but you are in the 717 area
for incoming calls. (I noticed that such a situation existed for some
southern Indiana points in the Cincinnati phone book--513 area for
outgoing calls, 812 for incoming calls--but this was changed during
1982.)
How full of prefixes is 513 area (southwest Ohio)? Do they still have
message saying "We're sorry, but calls to Kentucky cannot be completed
using area code 513; you must dial area code 606."? (Note that Ohio
has 2 Bell System companies serving it: Ohio Bell & Cincinnati Bell.
Cincinnati & northern Kentucky are local to each other. Both of these
Bell-System firms charge 25 cents--apparently no time limit--for local
calls on pay phone.)
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 83 15:24:08 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: still no 1+ in Pittsburgh?
Instruction card on pay phones in Pittsburgh still has no 1+ for DDD.
(I will have trouble looking up points in that area which have local
service across area-code (412) boundary.)
------------------------------
Date: 15 August 1983 1911-mst
From: Kevin B. Kenny <Kenny.OSNI @ SYSTEM-M.PHOENIX.HONEYWELL>
Subject: Re: Punitive tariffs for modem users
Interestingly enough, since most computer hobbyists use 300
baud modems, it's probably infeasible for an operating company to
attempt to detect them. The signal originating at a 103-style modem
is indistinguishable from that generated by an acoustic coupler, which
presumably can't be billed any differently, since it has no physical
connection into the network. What does SW Bell have to say about
that? /k**2
------------------------------
Date: Monday, 15 Aug 1983 23:00-PDT
Subject: Place names as prefixes
From: greep@SU-DSN
(I just got caught up with recent telecom so this is a little dated
now.)
Before all-digit dialing, I think it was not too uncommon to use
place-names. Examples that come to mind are MUrray Hill (NJ) and
HOllywood (Calif). One of my favorites was HIlltop (hope you're not
reading this on Helvetica) for Mt. Wilson, one of the biggest
mountains in the LA area (where most of the radio and television
transmitters are located).
------------------------------
Date: 16 Aug 83 12:40-EST (Tue)
From: Steven Gutfreund <gutfreund%umass-cs@UDel-Relay>
Subject: Secure Dial-ins
Since the movie WAR GAMES there has been a lot of discussion about
secure dial-in phone lines. I pass along a system I saw advertized (in
Electronics I think).
Step User Action Machine's Response
1. Dial in Answer Phone, do NOT produce carrier,
wait for DTMF signals
2. Use DTMF to enter Look up user in Database and verify
name and password
3. Hang-up Call back user at authorized address
and produce carrier, allow user to
log-in again but this time in normal
mode.
This method (I don't know if it violates any standards) does get
around two security problems.
1. User's randomly calling numbers and finding phone numbers
of machines when they answer with a carrier.
2. Calls only allowed from authorized locations. Random Users
(most break-ins) not allowed.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 17 Aug 83 7:46:58 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-bmd>
Subject: Cincinnati Bell; measured service?
The following items turned up in June 1983 Cincinnati area phone book:
1. "If you have a question about Cincinnati Bell (other than questions
about your bill, or repair or service ordering matters), please
write:..."
2. Checklist to help determine whether you need flat-rate or measured
local service. Note that one of the questions (dealing with
calling crosstown) mentions specific place names (as samples) and
would thus have to be changed for people outside Cincinnati area.
(In my own case, outside Cincinnati area, I still have flat-rate
service. That's the service I have heard about since I was growing
up, and I'd have to change my phone number--no charge--to get measured
service, which is only available to people in electronic exchanges.
Newark, Del. has electronic [302-366,368,453,454] and nonelectronic
[731,737,738] mixed together.)
------------------------------
Date: Wednesday, 17-Aug-83 16:20:01-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Detecting modems / Congressional actions on telephone rates
Greetings. I don't think that most ESS offices have the capability to
scan *all* subscriber lines for *any* tone at *all* points during the
duration of the call! If anything, the proper equipment for tone
detection would normally be bridged onto a line only during the
dialing interval. This isn't to say that a handy method to help pick
out people using modems doesn't exist, however. All that telco has to
do is carefully watch the line usage statistics (and these can be
setup to cover all lines for *all* calls, including local) and flag
lines which have statistically high usage either incoming or outgoing.
Once such a line was flagged, special tone detection equipment could
be hooked to the line (without actually requiring that telco listen to
conversations), to detect any given tones of interest. The courts
have apparently held that such tone detection equipment used in this
"directed" manner is not an invasion of subscriber privacy (such
equipment has been used in the past to help collect evidence against
phone phreaks).
Much of the time this equipment won't detect any modem activity (maybe
the heavy usage is a teenager in the home or an older person who
relies heavily on the phone) but the usage statistics technique can
certainly narrow down the search space drastically.
Whether usage of a modem (even for long periods) actually *should* be
charged at a higher rate is another matter, of course. Personally I
think not (even for business use) since, in theory, telco is (or at
least will be) deriving revenue on a measured basis for *all* calls
(including local, eventually) in any case. I suspect that the telcos
might be hard pressed to prove a significant difference between a
modem user and a "heavy talker" who both use their phone similar
amounts. Most of the efforts to fight the Southwest Bell modem
tariffs seem to be directed only toward non-business users right now.
Personally, I feel that businesses in that part of the country should
also vocally oppose these tariffs, since they too are *already* paying
for those calls!
Frankly, I suspect that such modem tariffs are largely designed to try
get some direct revenue from incoming calls. I always figured that
someday someone would try charge ya' for whenever people call YOU. In
a situation where measured service is in force for all calls, these
modem tariffs would be (are) *real* killers. Let's hope that the
telcos outside the southwest don't try to implement such tariffs (it's
pretty unlikely that they'd try so long as the SW Bell cases are in
court).
---
A few nights ago, C-SPAN spent all night running the House/Senate
Joint Commerce Committee hearings on telephone rates. It was a
fascinating program, including testimony by the heads of the Bell
regional holding companies, FCC officials, state PUC officials, and
various other persons. It is beginning to look strongly like the the
current "access charge" provisions are going to be tossed out the
window, and a comprehensive "bypass tax" imposed on *all* alternative
carriers instead. It is very complex and confused right now, but
emotions are running very high in the committee. I was impressed to
find many detailed points (e.g. including the impact of forced local
measured service on the elderly who rely heavily on their phones)
being discussed. Of course, it is unclear how many of these issues
Congress can really address -- they are mostly concerned with the
access charges right now. However, there is obvious worry about the
massive rate increases that have been filed around the country -- even
the FCC is concerned about these and has commissioned (yet another)
study on the matter. There are also bizarre issues regarding "a
telephone welfare program" and all sorts of other oddities.
I hope to submit a detailed report on these matters to TELECOM when I
have some free time -- these issues are getting *very* hairy and will
be extremely far reaching. Anybody who needs more information right
away should contact me directly.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 17 Aug 83 23:36:51 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-ATS>
Subject: new switch at ucla
UCLA has recently become the first of the UC Campuses to own its own
telephone switch, a model SL-1 from Northern Telecom of Canada, with a
capacity of 15,000 lines and numerous features. The switch was chosen
after a request for bids, to which only Northern Telecom and General
Telephone responded.
The UCLA telecommunications office has acquired the nickname "Bruin
Bell".
Among the features are about 15 possible dialing limits on campus
telephones, ranging from no dial-out, campus only, ... , USA only,
North America only, and finally (!) the world! This permits an
excellent pecking order.
However the most interesting features are call-forwarding and the
automatic notification to the called party that the calling party has
hung up.
Call-forwarding is executed by dialing 42, followed by the 5-digit
extension number to which calls are to be forwarded. The switch
responds with a tone, indicating that call-forwarding is in effect.
Note that there is no verification that the number to which calls are
to be forwarded to is the intended number. If you are the unfortunate
recipient of a mistake in call-forwarding, as I was recently, neither
the operator nor the repair service can turn it off. You must somehow
locate the telephone which is having calls forwarded to you, and from
that line, and only that line, dial 43 to cancel the service. Perhaps
I was stupid, but it took several calls which were intended for the
same number, quite different from mine, before I realized what had
happened. I then had to find someone who was trusted by the personnel
in the telephone office, to tell me where the forwarding telephone
was. I leave the rest to your imagination. However sober thought
indicates that the possibilities for mischief are virtually unlimited!
For example, a practical joker could wander through the campus and,
whenever a telephone is unattended, forward its calls to the
Chancellor's Office, or to the head of Bruin Bell, etc. Note that
lines in hunt-groups cannot forward calls and that, normally, calls
can only be forwarded to other campus telephones.
Another interesting feature is that if the calling party hangs up and
the called party doesn't, then, after about 10 seconds, 4 beeps are
heard by the called party. This fouls up most VOX telephone answering
machines!
Perhaps there is a lot to be said for pots.
Cheers (this system makes General Telephone look good!)
vail
------------------------------
Date: 18 Aug 83 14:30-EST (Thu)
From: Steven Gutfreund <gutfreund%umass-cs@UDel-Relay>
Subject: Phone Strike Losers
It seems that the most likely losers in the phone strike are likely to
be AT&T's competitors. Rolm stock is already dropping, tymenet and
tymeshare can't install new customers, several PBX manufactures
(Northern Telecom and others) report sales are dropping.
Ma Bell seems to have a significant incentive to keep the strike going
for the short term.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
19-Aug-83 21:58:29-PDT,6303;000000000001
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 19-Aug-83 21:57:57
Date: 19 Aug 83 2156-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #51
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 20 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 51
Today's Topics:
Modems & Charge-A-Call In Non-Bell Areas
Touchtone Enabled Randomly?
Punitive Tariffs For Modem Users
Place Names As Prefixes
Echo Suppress, Secure Dial-Ups
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 18 Aug 1983 1902-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #50
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
To: Steve Bellovin, Re: Modem usage
I think the echo suppressors are in distance tandems, and therefore so
would be the detectors.
To: Carl Moore, Re: Charge phones outside the Bell System
I drove through an area served by "North Pittsburgh Telephone
Company", not affiliated with the Bell System, and they indeed had
charge-a-call telephones, MCCS, ACTS, etc. The reason turned out to
be that this telephone company pays the local Bell affiliate to
administer its operator services, and sends TSPS calls to Ma-Bell
TSPS. Interesting.
Re: Bell System strike
I recently have been reading up on the CCIS (Common Channel
Interoffice Signalling) protocols, and among other interesting
features, something called 'SPecific Number Blocking' was mentioned.
Indeed this is a feature intended to handle mass long-distance calling
to 800 numbers, but will work for any number of the DDD network, and
eventually over all CCIS equipped systems.
The upshot of all this is that when there is more than one number that
will reach a desired service, it is possible to get around the
specific number block by dialing the alternate number. What possible
use, you ask, could this have? Well, in the recent weeks, during the
strike, many people attempting to reach foreign-NPA directory
assistance have been greeted with a circuits busy message. May I
remind you, however, that in most areas, directory assistance can be
reached by dialing NPA+555+121X, where X is any of 0 through 9. The
blockage only is affecting 1212, since the average caller knows not of
this feature.
------------------------------
Date: 18 August 1983 22:06 edt
From: RK at MIT-MC (Richard Kovalcik, Jr.)
Subject: touchtone enabled randomly?
Around the Boston, MA area the situation seems to be that touchtone is
enabled on all ESS lines whether or not you pay for it. I recently
moved and ordered two lines (617-254-). They messed up the order for
the second line and forgot the speed dialing and touchtone, yet
touchtone still worked. I have run across many other lines in the area
were touchtone worked even though no one was paying for it. I've yet
to run across one on an ESS around here that didn't. I seem to recall
the situation being the same at my parents in Brooklyn, NY (212-853-
or ULster 3) but I don't remember if they are ESS or crossbar. I know
it definitely doesn't work on my parents in Tobyhanna, PA (717-894-),
but that is a step by step.
------------------------------
Date: 19 August 1983 02:17 EDT
From: Keith F. Lynch <KFL @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Punitive tariffs for modem users
Date: 15 August 1983 1911-mst
From: Kevin B. Kenny <Kenny.OSNI @ SYSTEM-M.PHOENIX.HONEYW
Subject: Re: Punitive tariffs for modem users
Interestingly enough, since most computer hobbyists
use 300 baud modems, it's probably infeasible for an operating
company to attempt to detect them. The signal originating at
a 103-style modem is indistinguishable from that generated by
an acoustic coupler, which presumably can't be billed any
differently, since it has no physical connection into the
network. What does SW Bell have to say about that? /k**2
Who said that they couldn't bill accoustic couplers? Why should
they be billed any differently from direct connect modems? Besides,
there are 1200 baud accoustic coupled modems too.
You can't try to reason like that with these people as they
obviously think very differently than we do. They seem to think that
data connections are only made by high-tech businesses, eccentric
millionaire hobbyists, and computer genius 'hackers' with an IQ of 200
who go around breaking into top secret nuclear defense computers.
Sigh. How can we bring them back to reality? If we don't then I am
sure this nonsense will spread from Oklahoma to all 50 states.
...Keith
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Aug 83 7:38:32 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: Place names as prefixes
MUrray Hill turned up in NYC (Manhattan). Where in NJ was it found as
an exchange name?
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Aug 83 17:57:11 PDT
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Echo suppress, secure dial-ups
On international circuits, such as TASI satellite or cable, the
echo suppress frequency is different than a modem tone (the protocol
is something like "send the echo suppress, then follow by not more
than 180 ms of silence in direction of transmission.") However,
that's for TASI to avoid clipping, not to suppress echo. In any case,
it was used on TASI to avoid clipping data, so I'd assume, if they
make specific reference to echo suppress, it must be different than a
carrier. I read somewhere, I thought, that it was 1850 Hz.
I heard that some government agency in Washington was having the
security guard on duty during the evening answer the dialup normally,
and if he got a correct password, would place the modem on line.
Although not nearly as extensive as the system mentioned previously,
it would get rid of a majority of hackers, and wouldn't require buying
anything, assuming you already have a security guard...
Phil
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
22-Aug-83 16:00:23-PDT,4592;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 22-Aug-83 15:59:47
Date: 22 Aug 83 1558-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #52
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 23 Aug 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 52
Today's Topics:
Echo Suppressors / Touch-Tone / Tariffs
Manual Modem Security Control
Why Can't They Charge For Acoustic Couplers?
TSPS Operator
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Friday, 19-Aug-83 02:19:44-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Echo suppressors / Touch-Tone / Tariffs
Greetings. A few brief comments:
Echo suppressors do indeed respond to modem answer carrier (nominally
2225 Hz.) However, this is a purely local action within the
suppressors, and no information regarding the detection of a modem is
passed back along the network. Even if this *was* done, it would only
detect relatively long distance calls.
---
ESS offices allow Touch-Tone to be enabled or disabled easily on a
line by line basis. In Crossbar offices, an entire vertical of the
crossbar switch is normally enabled whenever a single subscriber in
that vertical orders Touch-Tone service. With step by step, all bets
are off -- there are all sorts of ways of providing the service, but
normally groups of numbers are enabled at the same time. In fact, in
many cases, entire offices are enabled, period. For example, I
believe that every subscriber line in General Telephone step by step
offices in Los Angeles is currently enabled for Touch-Tone use.
---
Finally, the fact that a person is using an acoustic modem (instead of
a direct-connect) makes no difference in terms of terminal usage
tariffs such as those of Southwest Bell. Telco tariffs generally
allow wide latitude in their handling of "unusual" users, how ever
those are defined. For example, it is possible in some cases for
telco to have your line disconnected if you receive a large number of
calls and you refuse to get a rotary. At least, they can *try* to do
this to you -- and the tariffs often do contain such provisions. The
issue is *how* you are using the line, not whether or not you are
directly attaching equipment.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: Friday, 19-Aug-83 18:20:51-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: Manual modem security control
Oh yeah... Having a security guard answer the modem lines is a *fine*
idea! All you gotta do now is put Votrax chips into all the
autodialers so that *they* can talk to the guard just like a human
could, right? Give me a break! Uh, how about a control-C?
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 20 Aug 1983 1152-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #51
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
To: RK at MIT-MC, Re: TouchTone enabled randomly
212-853 is crossbar, and therefore will probably handle touch-tone on
all lines anyway. 717-894 is old step-by-step. very strange stuff.
Usually on SxS, if there is a touch-tone subscriber in a given block
of numbers (assuming it is offered), the tones will work from any
number in that block.
<>IHM<>
[Lauren's message is a bit more accurate. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 21 Aug 83 23:47:34 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-bmd>
Subject: Why can't they charge for acoustic couplers?
There was this case called the Carterfone decision. The device was an
acoustic coupler for hooking up a telephone to a two-way radio. The
phone company was barred from prohibiting or charging this hookup.
This case has to be 10 or 15 years old by now and was the first step
in the Consumer telephone battle.
-Ron
[This really doesn't address the issue, which is "is transmitting data
over a phone line a separate service?" --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 22 Aug 83 15:55:35 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: TSPS operator
For the 1st time today, I heard the above term ("TSPS operator") used
in reference to the local operator I reach by hitting "0". (Since the
Bell System strike is still on pending acceptance of settlements, the
operator I got was probably one of the supervisory personnel.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
2-Sep-83 21:18:31-PDT,10066;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 2-Sep-83 21:17:34
Date: 2 Sep 83 2115-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request at USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #53
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 3 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 53
Today's Topics:
"Unusual" User
News Bulletin
Unused Area Codes
More Miscellanea
Carterfone
Rotaries
Duck Soup
Billing Malfunctions
Special Instructions In New Hampshire
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 23 Aug 83 7:55:54 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: "unusual" user
"...have your line disconnected if you receive a large number of calls
and you refuse to get a rotary"?!? Just how would such refusal impact
the phone system?
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 25 Aug 83 7:52:51 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: news bulletin
Date: 24 Aug 83 2201 PDT
COMPUTER TROUBLESHOOTER:
'Artificially Intelligent' Machine Analyses Phone Trouble
WASHINGTON - Researchers at Bell Laboratories say they've developed an
''artificially intelligent'' computer system that works like a
telephone network. Slug PM-Bell Computer. New, will stand. 670 words.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 25 Aug 83 13:24:22 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: unused area codes
Omitting N00, N10, and N11, the following area codes are not in use.
(I am not sure about dialing instructions to Mexico.)
407,508,
706 (see under Mexico),
708,
718 (to be implemented 1984 in NYC),
719,
818 (to be implemented 1984 in Los Angeles area),
903 (see under Mexico),
905 (see under Mexico),
908,909,917
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 26 Aug 83 16:01:07 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: more miscellanea
1964 Cincinnati Enquirer microfilm had many letter prefixes from
Cincinnati area; most of these have the number 1 (as in CH1, etc.).
Any reason for such 1's?
I saw a pay phone at Cambridge, Ohio (614-439-9110) which had dial
tone but still required deposit of 20 cents for calls which don't
require coins on most DTF phones. (Such phone was put in by GTE of
Ohio.)
[GTE pay telephones in the Los Angeles area also required a dime
before it would complete ANY call, dispite the fact that it was DTF
(dial tone first). This is because the touch tone pad (or dial) is
disabled until you insert the dime. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 28 Aug 1983 02:13 EDT
From: DVW.STRAT@MIT-OZ
Subject: Carterfone
Just for clarity's sake I will quote directly from the C & P
Telephone Acronyms Directory (with a legislative jargon section).
"Carterfone decision - A 1968 FCC decision which held that telephone
company tariffs containing blanket prohibition against the
attachment of customer-provided equipment to the
telecommunications network were unreasonable, discriminatory
and unlawful. The FCC declared the telephone companies could
set up reasonable standards for interconnection to insure the
technical integrity of the network. Following Carterfone, the
telephone companies filed tariffs for protective connecting
arrangements to facilitate the interconnection of
customer-provided terminal equipment."
If you read that slowly, you can almost hear their distaste...
--Bob--
------------------------------
Date: Sunday, 28-Aug-83 18:18:44-PDT
From: Lauren Weinstein <vortex!lauren@LBL-CSAM>
Subject: rotaries
How would not getting a rotary affect telco? Heh heh. I spent the
better part of a day down at the Calif. PUC arguing about this topic
(amongst others) in an informal hearing consisting of my clients,
myself (as a consultant), a PUC official, and a bunch of officials
from PacTel. The story is hilarious, since it involves PacTel
bringing forth piles of statistics that they had gathered on incoming
usage of my client's phone line (a telephone joke service called
"ZZZZZZ" -- it was the last listing in the L.A. phone book). I
successfully showed that most of their statistics were being
erroneously interpreted -- clearly PacTel had not been expecting the
people they'd be dealing with to know more about a typical Crossbar
office and the toll network than they did! I had a great time
demonstrating that the only reason they wanted my clients to get a
rotary was that it would result in more COMPLETED calls (as opposed to
calls that reached a busy singal). More completed calls means more
revenue -- but does not directly reduce interoffice trunk loading or
other significant factors in a Crossbar office. They never really
admitted that revenue was the primary factor, but it became pretty
clear. This is the *very* short version of the story -- the long
version is very involved and this is not a suitable forum for such a
discussion.
The bottom line, however, is that many Telco tariffs give TPC a very
broad ability to rather arbitrarily declare various actions to be
"detrimental" to other person's phone service, even when this cannot
be technically proven. This can turn some rather trivial situations
into rather complex headaches.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 29 Aug 83 14:06 EDT (Monday)
From: Denber.WBST@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Duck Soup
From the Fall 1983 edition of the Sharper Image Catalog comes:
The phone that quacks. [really]
A valued addition to the den or desk of any outdoorsman, the Decoy
Phone artfully conceals the newest solid state technology. A soft,
pleasant quacking characteristic of the species replaces harsh rings.
Simply lift the head and you're on the line. The head also serves as
a shoulder pad [that's using your head] to free your hands during
important calls.
Cord extends four feet and retracts automatically when you replace the
handset.
Pushbutton True-Tone dialing so you can access MCI and other long
distance economy services. Weighs 7 lbs. [precooked, I assume],
measures 13 1/2 x 9 x 7 1/2".
The rugged, unbreakable ABS plastic has been beautifully detailed to
resemble the finest collectible decoys. Yet it's strong, surprisingly
light for its size, and comfortable to use. Mounted on its own solid
oak base for even more authenticity. One year warranty. Adds the
feel of the outdoors to any room, and a sure conversation starter [no
doubt]. Use your 30-day return privilege to try the Decoy Phone in
your home or office. You'll agree it's one of the most ingenious
phones ever made.
Decoy Phone #CDK365 $249.
- Michel
------------------------------
Date: 31 Aug 1983 1757-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Billing malfunctions
The OCCs, who at the present time generally do not receive information
telling them that a call has been answered, supposedly will remove
incorrectly charged calls simply by asking.
But soon they will be able to receive the so-called supervisory
information from the local operating companies. This supervisory
information is right 99.99 (or so) percent of the time, but I've had
occasional difficulty with false charging on calls into my home
exchange (617 263) in Acton, which I thought had been fixed.
I first noticed it when calling from a pay phone in Germany; my money
started disappearing as soon as ringing started (pay phones in Germany
require prepayment and count down the money as the message units
elapse). I was told that the failing trunk had been found and fixed.
But a couple of weeks ago, I was making a calling card call to home,
got no answer, and also couldn't get the MCCS responder to notice my
"#" so it would say "You may dial another number now." This could
only have been caused by one of two things; a malfunction in MCCS, or
the fact that the 263 exchange had reported answer even though it
hadn't happened (the MCCS responder is only there before and after the
distant end is on the line).
So when the bill came in, I called the business office and complained.
Only with great difficulty could I convince the representative that
there could have been a malfunction. Finally she agreed to remove the
charge, but told me that the matter would be referred to SECURITY.
I told her that she better refer the problem to a technical
department, not security, but she insisted that security had to be
notified.
I wonder what sort of treatment we'll get from the OCCs when this sort
of thing starts happening.
We all know that computers never make mistakes.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 1 Sep 83 7:45:55 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: special instructions in New Hampshire
The following turned up in the call guide for Portsmouth, Exeter,
Dover, Somersworth, Rochester area (including adjacent Maine ex-
changes); some rewording by me.
Local calling also includes phones located within your city or town
but served by exchanges other than those shown for your local calling
area; no toll even if you dial 1+ 7 digit number; this does not apply
to coin phones.
(I don't know what exchanges--or parts of exchanges?!--are
involved here.)
[I've seen this in the Springfield, MA. Telephone directory as well.
Apparently New England Telephone does this whenever it splits a town
across an exchange boundary which is not "local" (assuming "local"
implies that you don't dial a 1 first). --Jsol]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
6-Sep-83 20:44:35-PDT,4315;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 6-Sep-83 20:42:10
Date: 6 Sep 83 2038-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #54
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 7 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 54
Today's Topics:
Area Codes
Area Codes
Strike Info?
More Miscellanea - Rotaries - Billing Malfunctions
2 More Items
Key System Sales By Pacific Telephone
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 2 Sep 1983 2253-PDT
From: Chris <Pace@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Area codes
After reading Cmoore's list of unused area codes, I thought I
would ask a couple of questions that have had my curiosity for a long
while:
1) Is there an ordering to the way zip codes are laid out?
(its certainly not geographic, nor alphabetic...etc) Is it by long
distance trunk lines or what? and,
2) Why do area codes stop at N19 and not continue to N99?
Thanks in advance,
Chris.
------------------------------
Date: 3 Sep 1983 0930-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Area Codes
903 is no longer used. It used to allow direct dialing for a few
towns right on the Mexican border.
Customers with IDDD can reach all points in Mexico which have dial
service by dialing country code 52 followed by the city routing code
and number.
Customers who do not have IDDD may call Mexico City by using area code
905 and may reach much of northwestern Mexico (any point which has a
city routing code beginning with 6) by using area code 706 followed by
the city routing code with the 6 dropped.
------------------------------
Date: 4 September 1983 02:08 EDT
From: Peter J. Castagna <PC @ MIT-MC>
Subject: Strike Info?
How is the strike affecting people?
My cousin in 212 just got a new phone number. It turns out that there
is already someone on that exchange with the same number; when I
called him at 2 a.m. I got this weary-sounding lady who replied by
hanging up. Since then I have talked to an ex-lineman and to my
cousin; the only way, the expert says, that this could happen is that
the new connection was made by an untrained person. The phone company
says "just crosstalk; we'll fix it right away..." but it's been this
way for two weeks.
------------------------------
Date: 5 Sep 1983 2030-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #53
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Re: more miscellanea
GTE pay stations in west LA often swallow your dime after an 800+ call
or similar non-charging calls, such`as foreign DA.
Re: rotaries
Lauren, Is Bob trying to revive 'Z'? When was this meeting to which
you refer?
Re: Billing malfunctions
What is 617-263? It sounds perhaps like a #2 ESS. In any case, there
is a third possible cause; that being that a tandem switch somewhere
along the line (probably near the Acton destination) returned false
supervision. If there is a #4A XBar involved, I could believe that
explanation.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 6 Sep 83 9:34:49 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: 2 more items
(This required doublechecking by me.)
302-792 (Holly Oak, Del.) is an electronic exchange, but I heard that
a pushbutton residential phone on that exchange can't make
self-service credit card calls. (Therefore, the strike cut sharply
into such calls.)
The following pseudo-foreign exchanges turned up in the 415 area,
judging from the V&H coordinates: 529 Richmond (E. Bay service); 761
South San Francisco (S.F. service); 766 Oakland (S.F. service); 993
Pacifica (S.F. service).
------------------------------
Date: 6 Sep 1983 1841-PDT
Subject: Key system sales by Pacific Telephone
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
Does anyone know if Pacific Telephone has tarriffs to allow them
to sell residential in-place key telephone system?
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
8-Sep-83 20:23:28-PDT,4353;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLB>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 8-Sep-83 20:23:09
Date: 8 Sep 83 2021-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLB>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #55
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLB
TELECOM Digest Friday, 9 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 55
Today's Topics:
415 Psuedo-Foreign Exchanges
Area Codes
Phone Books, Aircraft, And Paranoia
617-263
Touchtone
Area Code Designations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 7 Sep 83 00:09:19 PDT (Wed)
From: jmrubin%UCBCORAL.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: 415 psuedo-foreign exchanges
I think 529 is not a foreign exchange. All of the phones that I know
which have it are in the southern end of the city of Richmond, CA
(Richmond Annex--a thin strip about .25 to .5 miles wide just to the
west of the 526 exchange) (By the way--one interesting point--sections
of the East Bay [Oakland] exchange are known within the phone company
by their old 2-letter mnemonic names. Thus, the central Berkeley
exchange is called the Thornwall exchange (including both 849=TH9 and
644, which has no mnemonic equivalent) The north Berkeley exchange
(which is the same for billing purposes) is the "Landscape" (e.g. 526)
exchange, North Oakland is still Olympic (653) in internal
communications, et. al.)
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 Sep 83 7:54:51 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: Area codes
Previous notes in Telecom digest said that the easiest-to-dial area
codes were assigned to the biggest cities: 212 to NYC, 213 to LA area,
312 to Chicago area. (All 3 of these areas have adopted N0X and N1X
exchanges rather than split into 2 areas, because they cover such
tightly packed metropolitan areas, and now the 1st 2 have splits
coming next year.) Also, N1X always indicates a state or province
which has 2 or more area codes. You can't have area codes beyond N19,
because the system has to determine, without timeout, where a
direct-dial call is going. In those areas where N0X and N1X are used
(see above), direct-dial calls to other areas require 1+ just before
area code.
------------------------------
Date: 7 Sep 1983 0826-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Phone Books, aircraft, and paranoia
To quote a news commentator:
The kind of paranoia which would permit a society to shoot down a
commercial airliner is precisely what one would expect from a society
which hides its telephone books in the fear that foreigners would
learn too much.
------------------------------
Date: 7 Sep 1983 0828-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: 617-263
That exchange is a #2 ESS. The problem was, at one point, identified
to a specific trunk from the 4A toll switcher. I suspect that the
trunk was taken out of service, was improperly tested, and then put
back into service unrepaired.
------------------------------
Date: 7 Sep 83 2021 EDT
From: Rudy.Nedved@CMU-CS-A
Subject: touchtone
I just changed apartments and discovered that one of my phones (the
older of the two) didn't work. The one that we got at the end of last
year worked.
I remebered something about switching transmit and receive to get
touchtone to work so I swapped the three signal lines until it worked
(since I didn't know which was ground and didn't have a volt meter on
me). The last combination worked.
Could someone please explain to me what was wrong and if the solution
I used the proper one?
Thanks,
-Rudy
------------------------------
Date: 7 Sep 1983 1622-PDT
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: Area code designations
As I understand it, the area codes were originally designated by a
combination of population and lack of pulses on rotary phones. That's
why NYC is 212, LA is 213, Chicago is 312, Philadelphia is 215, and
places like Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, PA and Tulsa, Oklahoma and Alaska
get area codes like 717, 918, and 907 respectively.
--Lynn
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
14-Sep-83 16:57:50-PDT,3662;000000000001
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by USC-ECLC; Wed 14 Sep 83 16:54:28-PDT
Date: 14 Sep 83 1652-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #56
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 15 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 56
Today's Topics:
NOTICE!!!
Touch Tone Polarity
Duck Decoys
Area Codes
Dialing Weirdos
Area Code/Prefix 409
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 13 Sep 1983 1936-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: NOTICE!!!
TELECOM has been moved to USC-ECLC. This move is rather abrupt and I
regret that I was unable to provide you with sufficient notice.
Fortunately pointers on USC-ECLB point to their corresponding
mailboxes on ECLC so no mail should be lost.
The archives are currently unavailable. If you need to retrieve an
issue, please send mail to TELECOM-REQUEST@USC-ECLC. I will send a
note when I have found a new home for them.
Cheers,
--Jon
------------------------------
Date: 8 Sep 1983 2318-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #55
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Rudy:
I suspect I will not be the only reply to your query, but here goes...
Older touch-tone pads are not polarity guarded, and therefore, since
they derive their power from the DC bias on the subscriber loop, don't
function with reverse polarity. The more recent units have some sort
of bridge rectifier in the pad to correct for either polarity.
T and R don't stand for transmit and receive; rather Tip and Ring,
which, along with sleeve and (I think it was collar or something)
refer to the contacts on the old telephone switch board plugs. A
ground lead is not required for operation of modern single party
lines.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: Friday, 9 Sep 1983 14:39-PDT
Subject: Duck decoys
From: greep@SU-DSN
I suppose the duck phone could also be used by people who don't want
visiting TPC service people to realize they have more phones than
they're supposed to. Sort of the opposite of the more common use of
ducks as "decoys".
Does the catalogue say whether the thing can swim?
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 83 10:15:18 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: area codes
I am not sure why Boston is 617 (when western Mass. is 413) and
Washington is 202. My comments about "easy-to-dial" came from
earlier Telecom digests.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 12 Sep 83 10:28:21 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: dialing weirdos
I called a certain number 3 times; 1st & 3rd calls got "has been
disconnected", but 2nd got "is not in service". This was all within
no more than 10 minutes. Unusual?
I have a rotary dial. Sometimes, when I dial a leading digit other
than 1, I get a short burst of the dial tone just after the dial has
returned to its original position. Does that mean that some clicks
did not go through?
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 83 14:22:34 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-bmd
Subject: 409
409, now in use as a Texas area code, was the first NYC prefix of the
form N0X or N1X. The first such prefixes in NYC were unused area
codes.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
18-Sep-83 01:30:30-PDT,4368;000000000001
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 17-Sep-83 17:22:07
Date: 17 Sep 83 1721-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #58
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 18 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 58
Today's Topics:
Rotary Dial
Enterprise Xxxxx
Duck Decoys
Holographic Telephone Credit Cards On Trial In West Germany
Billed Number Screening
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 14 Sep 1983 1911-PDT
Subject: Rotary dial
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
It sounds like you are on a step-by-step machine. When you dial a
digit, on SxS, the dial-tone is not turned off until after it has been
determined that the pulse train is complete. There is a delay of
roughly the maximum allowable pulse time plus a bit, after which the
decision is made. When you dial short initial digits (eg: 1, 2, or
3), you are more likely to hear the dial-tone.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 14 Sep 83 20:04:24 PDT (Wednesday)
From: Murray.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Enterprise xxxxx
A few days ago, I called the operator to get an Enterprise number. I
could hear her flipping pages, so I assume she was looking it up on a
big list. What's going on? Why would anybody want an Enterprise
number rather than an 800 number?
------------------------------
Date: 15 Sep 83 17:55 EDT (Thu)
From: Mijjil the Hutt (Matthew J Lecin) <LECIN@RU-GREEN>
Subject: Duck decoys
The television program SILVER SPOONS has one of those duck decoy
phones in it. It quacks somewhat like conventional duck-call gizmos.
The question isn't "can it swim?", but rather "Can it fly?"
{Mijjil}
------------------------------
Date: 16-Sep-83 14:48 PDT
From: William Daul - Tymshare Inc. Cupertino CA <WBD.TYM@OFFICE-2>
Subject: Holographic telephone credit cards on trial in West Germany
The Bundespost, West Germany's postal and telecommunications
authority, is evaluating the use of plastic credit cards that contain
holograms for consumer placement of credit telephone calls from
specially equipped public telephones. The holograms contain a number
of credit units, which are destroyed as they are used up. The
telephones are supplied by Landis & Gyr AG of Switzerland. Consumers
prepay 10 or 20 Deutschmarks (about $4 or $8, respectively) for the
cards.
From LASER FOCUS Sept. Issue
------------------------------
Date: 17 Sep 1983 1422-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Billed number screening
After several conversations with the Business Office all resulting in
being told that what I wanted was not possible (even though it's been
available for quite a while), I finally received the following letter:
Dear Mr. Covert,
As a result of recent technological developments, we are now able to
offer a feature of your telephone service called billed number
screening. This feature is offered at no charge and provides the
capability to prevent attempts to bill long distance calls to your
number that are made to and from other telephones (third number
billing).
This letter confirms your order to add billed number screening to your
service, 263-5433, beginning 09-16-83. Once billed number screening
becomes part of your service, no third number calls will be billed to
your account or to the numbers you have specified. Therefore, it is
important that you make other arrangements for long distance calling
with those people authorized to bill to your number, e.g., Calling
Card(s).
Please call us at 345-3830 if you have any questions about this
service or about your order.
Yours truly,
K. Boucher
Service Representative
[As many of you know, over the past year or so third party billing
from pay phones has been restricted to require confirmation. However,
calls placed from other telephones were not subject to any screening,
allowing significant potential for abuse or error. This plugs the
hole.]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
22-Sep-83 14:51:49-PDT,5127;000000000001
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 20-Sep-83 0311-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 20-Sep-83 0308-PDT
Date: 19 Sep 83 1735-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #59
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 20 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 59
Today's Topics:
Telecom Archives
Telecom Digest 57
Mobile Phones
Billed Number Screening
Telstar*
Long-Distance Carriers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 18 Sep 1983 1542-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Archives
The archives are now on SRI-CSL, in <TELECOM>. They are named the same
as they were on BUG:<JSOL.TELECOM> on ECLB. If you need any help with
the archives, please let me know at TELECOM-REQUEST@USC-ECLC.
--Jon
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 83 13:15:45 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: telecom digest 57
I have received telecom digests 56 and 58 in the past week, but no 57.
Is the numbering system messed up?
[Yes, due to a mistake I made, Issue 57 is nonexistant. Sorry. --JSol]
------------------------------
From: ulysses!smb@Berkeley (Steven M. Bellovin)
Date: 15 Sep 83 08:05:01 EDT (Thu)
Subject: mobile phones
GM has announced that cellular mobile phones will be an option on
some Buicks next year. Initially, they will be available only in
the Chicago area, though they expect to go national within two years.
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 18 Sep 83 10:30 EDT
From: Dennis Rockwell <drockwel@BBN-VAX>
Subject: Re: Billed number screening
Interesting! When I moved to the Boston area (January of this year),
I was advised to get a calling card (at no extra cost) because they
were about to stop third number billing altogether. This was the same
phone company, but a different business office (but Lexington and
Acton aren't *that* far apart).
Of course, this is the same business office that sent out an installer
after I had told them that the wiring was already in place, and that I
had my own phone.
------------------------------
From: genrad!rob%decvax@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 16 Sep 83 08:29:58 EDT (Fri)
From: decvax!genrad!rob@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Subject: Telstar*
While walking by a phone center store last night I saw a telstar. I
asked about it and the service person didn't know how it worked. She
said I could purchase one and return it in 30 days for full
"no-questions-asked" refund. So I took her up on the offer. This
AT&T unit, (labeled American Bell), is a voice synthesis dialer, call
storer, call screener, and call forward announcer. It sells for
$299.95 and has a 10% discount right now.
I played with it for 1 hour last night and discovered the following:
- It records the number a person touches in with the time he called.
- It picks up all calls after a specified number of rings from 1 - 15.
- If you set it for 1 ring and the caller touches in a number that you
have stored in your directory, your phone will ring to signal
that a call has passed the screen.
- Likewise if you have the call forwarding announcement it tells the
caller what number to call to get you.
(I think it should have the option to tell everyone.)
- You can call home and check the time. (Big Deal.)
- You can call home and get someones telephone number from the
directory.
- You can call home and pick up your calls. (Callers can't leave
msgs.)
- It has a security code to prevent someone else from taking your
calls.
- It can hold 50 numbers and store 30 calls.
- It has button emergency dialing. (I accidentally called police.)
- Directory is stored by "names" like the "Demon-Dialer".
- You do your dialing from the phones key-pad.
- You can put all of your phones in the house in series to access it.
And finally - It does not work in 617-263 for outgoing calls. It
seems to send out the tones too fast for the central office. Every
call I dial gets intercepted and redialed from the telstar. Thus I
get a recording saying that my call can not be completed as dialed,
please try again. I'd be happy to answer any specific questions I
get. I will call the repair number to see if the outgoing "dialing"
can be fixed. I will not keep it beyond 30 days.
Rob Wood (decvax!genrad!rob)
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 83 14:45:03 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: long-distance carriers
My office is out of range of MCI & Sprint service because it is too
far out from major metro areas. What bulk service would be available
to me if I have to do much personal business long-distance from there?
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
22-Sep-83 17:53:24-PDT,3254;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 22-Sep-83 1746-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 22-Sep-83 1742-PDT
Date: 22 Sep 83 1644-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #60
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 23 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 60
Today's Topics:
Administrivia - Duplicate issues
[york: Re: long-distance carriers]
MCI
MCI to Aberdeen.
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #58
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 20 Sep 1983 1049-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Duplicate issues
Some of you received more than one copy of TELECOM. This was due to a
mailer problem which (we hope) has been fixed. Sorry for the
inconvenience.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 83 13:30:15 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: [york: Re: long-distance carriers]
My reply appears after this forwarded message. (I can't send it to
the sender because the mail system did not recognize the address.)
----- Forwarded message # 1:
Date: 20 Sep 1983 11:52-EDT
From: york at scrc-vixen
Subject: Re: long-distance carriers
To: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld@mc>
Well, the MCI ads now say that they can reach EVERY phone in the
country. Try calling your MCI rep again.
----- End of forwarded messages
What do you mean, "reach EVERY phone in the country"? Do you mean the
points I call or the points I am calling FROM?
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 83 15:09:49 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: MCI
The nuisance part of my phone bill I was trying to deal with is
credit-card calls from work back to where I come from. In Maryland, I
have been told that an MCI credit card account would require my
calling from Baltimore.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 83 14:38:53 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: MCI to Aberdeen.
Carl, have you checked recently. MCI picked up Aberdeen through a Bel
Air number about a year ago.
-Ron
------------------------------
From: ihnp4!ihuxm!cmsj%harpo@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 19 Sep 83 10:01:37 EDT (Mon)
From: decvax!harpo!ihnp4!ihuxm!cmsj@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #58
Regarding the question on Enterprise numbers:
Some things die very slowly in thhe Bell System. Enterprise numbers
were/are the early form of "800" service. There are those customers
out there who are quite happy with their Enterprise service and have
no desire to "upgrade" to 800. Besides, 800 usually costs more and
Enterprise service can be made more "local" in the sense that only one
(or at most a few) TSPSs have to maintain paper records (Enterprise
numbers translate into plain old telephone numbers, hence the lookup.)
Chris Jachcinski
Bell Labs, Naperville, IL
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
25-Sep-83 09:26:04-PDT,3698;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 25-Sep-83 0925-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 25-Sep-83 0919-PDT
Received: from USC-ECLC by USC-ECLC; Sun 25 Sep 83 08:56:08-PDT
Date: 25 Sep 83 0854-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #62
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Monday, 26 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 62
Today's Topics:
Archives
RENs and WWV number
Long distance phones services
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 23 Sep 1983 1426-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Archives
I have the archives split between two machines, for disk space
reasons, so if you are looking for a particular group of messages it
would be helpful if you knew the dates of the messages as well.
The archives are located on USC-ECLC and on SRI-CSL, note:
File on SRI-CSL material distributed between
<TELECOM>VOLUME-1.TXT 12 June 1981 and 31 December 1981
<TELECOM>VOLUME-2.TXT 1 January 1982 and 31 December 1982
File on USC-ECLC
PS:<JSOL.TELECOM>TELECOM.RECENT 1 January 1983 to Present
Please note that you do need to login to FTP files from SRI-CSL and
USC-ECLC. We provide an account named ANONYMOUS, which you log into
with any password (you must type a password). People who cannot obtain
copies of files themselves may request copies of the file by sending
mail to TELECOM-REQUEST at USC-ECLC
------------------------------
Date: 23 Sep 1983 09:03:43-EDT
From: prindle at NADC
Subject: RENs and WWV number
I have two questions:
#1) All the various FCC registered equipment has a Ringer Equivalence
Number. How can one translate the 0.6A and 2.3B, etc., into something
that will determine the maximum amount of equipment which may be
connected to one line? What do the numbers and letters mean and what
happens if the maximum is exceeded?
#2) Some years ago, I read (maybe not on this list) of a number in
Port Bliss, Texas (915-568-1313) which was connected to a radio
reception (sometimes good, sometimes bad) of the WWV time broadcast.
The number had, and still has, the unusual characteristic of not
appearing on the caller's long distance phone bill (at least for calls
of a minute or two). The number appears to simply be a centrex (or
whatever) extension at a military base. Is this behaviour intentional
or accidental, and if intentional, who picks up the bill?
Frank Prindle
Prindle@NADC
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 24 Sep 83 22:41:26 PDT
From: edh%ucbdali@Berkeley (Edward Hunter)
Subject: Long distance phones services
Now, that I have moved across the country from most of the people I
know it is time to become concerned about my long distance phone
bills. Consequently, I would like to join one of the various long
distance services. What I would like to hear from the people on the
list is their feelings good or bad about any of the services. So with
that let the flaming begin. Thanks in advance.
-edh
[I, too, would like to have a complete LIST of all long distance
carriers and their charges to compare with, but please, TELECOM is
*NOT* a forum for advertising. Personal opinions on quality of
connection are welcome. Perhaps someone will volunteer to make such a
list? --JSol]
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
27-Sep-83 16:55:26-PDT,14543;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 27-Sep-83 1653-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 27-Sep-83 1647-PDT
Date: 27 Sep 83 1448-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #63
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 28 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 63
Today's Topics:
Missed V3 #61
phone hookup query
Longdistance services for telecom
Re: long-distance carriers (in Telecom V3 #59)
Telecommunications Security and Privacy.
Spin back the years...
long-distance D.A. charges?!?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 27-Sep-83 00:42 PDT
From: RICH.GVT@OFFICE-3
Subject: Missed V3 #61
Did I miss receiving Volume 3, Issue 61 of the Telecom Digest, or was
a number skipped? I got #60 dated 23 Sep and #62 dated 26 Sep, but no
#61.
-Rich
[Yes, shoot me again, I goofed once again and misnumbered the digest,
forgetting issue 61. There was no issue 61. Things should be
straightened out enough now so that this won't occur again. --JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 25 September 1983 14:59 EDT
From: Hal Abelson <HAL @ MIT-MC>
Subject: phone hookup query
How should one hook up a six-wire phone set (red, yellow, green,
black, blue, white) to a 4-wire connector (red, yellow, green, black)?
It doesn't seem to work to simply ignore the blue and white.
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 25 Sep 83 15:40:10 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: Longdistance services for telecom
I have been using the "residential" Sprint service for some time.
There is a $5.00 per month charge and (since it is residential) I
cannot use Sprint between 9:00 am and 11:00 am, Monday through Friday.
This has not been a problem. To obtain service for those 10 hours I
would have to obtain "business" service at $25.00 per month.
The service may be used from most cities within the United States at
no extra charge (you are given a list of numbers to call in a sheet,
indexed by City and State). It is not as comprehensive as MCI (e.g.
Monterrey, CA is not yet served), however the service is reliable and
the quality is good, though not quite up to AT&T "Long-Lines" service.
I have not tried using modems with it.
It may even be used for calls within a local area which are "toll
calls", as so many in the Los Angeles area are. This service turns
out to be more useful than one might expect -- I was recently a
patient in the UCLA Hospital and the new UCLA telephone system allows
a patient to make unlimited "toll-free" local calls. All others must
be operator- assisted, and are charged at that rate. So a call to say,
Malibu, which is normally a few cents, would be over $1.25. Sprint
has a number in Beverly Hills, which is local to UCLA, and I was able
to use it to avoid the operator charges for these types of calls.
The billing is comprehensive and much more readable than that provided
by the local operating companies. I have not yet had any billing
discrepancies and I have had the service for over two years. An
obvious advantage is that, in case of such a dispute, Sprint, MCI and
the similar services can't disconnect your basic telephone service if
you don't deposit the amount they claim you owe with the local Public
Utilities Commission (PUC). This can be, and is, done by the local
operating companies, sometimes forcing a subscriber to deposit
thousands of dollars with the PUC.
It is not clear what effect the acquisition of Sprint by GT&E will
have. Sprint bills have carried inserts stating that soon new
services, such as abbreviated dialing, will be available.
However, AT&T has recently announced that it is planning to
substantially lower its long distance rates at the beginning of the
year. One can expect substantial rate-changes from the competing
companies in response. One can also expect special rate-offerings to
large organizations who might otherwise operate their own micro-wave
and satellite links. In addition, the local operating companies will
be required to provide "4-wire" service to the competing companies (as
it currently does for AT&T "Long-Lines"), and this should lead to a
substantial improvement in the quality of their service.
Perhaps the chaotic price structure of the airline industry, since it
was deregulated, should give us an idea of what to expect from the
telephone company. One can imagine bargains such as a 55% discount if
one calls Dubuque, Iowa between 5:00 am and 7:00 am during the Month
of June, 1984 (excluding Mothers' day when which there will be a 50%
surcharge).
So, it appears that now is not a good time to make a long-term
judgement about these services.
good luck
vail
------------------------------
Date: 21 Sep 1983 9:02-EDT
From: chris
Subject: Re: long-distance carriers (in Telecom V3 #59)
Sprint has recently announced that their service is now availabe from
anywhere in the United States to anywhere in the United States. This
is a dramatic improvement from their earlier service in which you had
to call from one of about 50 Metropolitan areas to one of about 100
Metropolitan areas (as I recall the old service.) Unfortunately,
since I've stopped using Sprint, I threw away the announcement, and
can't give more details.
------------------------------
Date: 26 Sep 1983 20:08-PDT
Subject: Telecommunications Security and Privacy.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
On Monday, September 26th, I appeared before and presented invited
testimony at the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on
Transportation, Aviation and Materials on the subject of
Telecommunications Security and Privacy.
Due to the activities of the Milwaukee 414s and the subsequent hoopla
that has been generated in the media, HACKING has been getting a bad
name. I therefore decided to address my testimony to the TRUE nature
of computer hackers and hacking (in an attempt to put the entire
situation in some type of perspective). I also addressed what can and
should be done to help abate the 'unsavory' hacking problem. And
lastly, how low tech the current hackings have been and what we might
be seeing more of in the future.
I'm told the hearings went out live over CNN -- there were at least 16
video cameras that I could count and the rest of the room was jammed
to standing room only with reporters and other media.
Individuals who presented testimony were: Neal Patrick (of the 414s);
Jimmy McClary (Los Alamos Division leader for Security); Donn Parker
and myself (from SRI); and Steve Walker (formerly of DARPA/Pentagon).
Those interested in what I had to say about hacking and such are
invited to FTP a copy of my prepared testimony from
[SRI-CSL]<GEOFF>HOUSE.DOC; There is also a .LPT version with
line-printer overstriking, should you want that. If you cannot FTP a
copy for whatever reason, I'll be able to send one by netmail if you
mail a request to Geoff@SRI-CSL.
Geoff
------------------------------
Date: 27 Sep 83 00:03:46 EDT
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: Spin back the years...
I'm going to pull a small time warp and reference some messages from
last July or so, when I started building a small list of ''things to
flame about on Telecom'' which has been slowly growing till now. I
hope these aren't so late that the context is forgotten by now.
Okay, first the Telstar: For the same $299.95 do you get the RK06 to
plug into it??? It takes one helluva lot of bits to record 30 msgs
worth of digital speech. The rest of it sounds like a fun toy.
Re: Radio Shack modular cord kits: Our shop got their first one
recently. One of the grunts tried to put a plug on the end of a cord,
and promptly shattered the plastic hinge at the end of the crimper. I
eventually found out how to get the thing to perform [experimenting
with somewhere around Version 4]. What you have to do is load the
plug and cord, squeeze *gently* to get it started, and then put the
lower die of the crimper down on the table and beat on the top part
with your fist. The hinge then [you hope] won't have to bear any
strain. I still prefer finding a Genuine Bell cord and cutting one
end off. I trust my own soldered splices ahead of any crimped
connection from Radio Shack! The Bell plugs are actually heat-sealed
into the plastic blocks, I think.
I've had a gander at Central Office batteries on occasion. They are
somewhat awesome. They are a rack full of 2.5 foot high glass battery
jars, through which you can see the plates and everything else.
Emerging from each one are two large rods which connect to overhead
copper slabs so massive you could swing beef on them. These, routed
upstairs on a mess of porcelain insulators, provide the entire office
with power during outages, including for lights! [There is such a
thing as a 48-volt bulb]. The office on a typical day, one ESS
exchange, draws about 1 kiloamp [Or was that crossbar, I forget??]
anyway, it's a lot. Those batteries can't last forever but I would
imagine they have a very large amp-hour capacity.
Rumor has it that NYC ran out of numbers largely due to those dialup
pagers. Splitting the area code sounds like it's going to be a real
kludge. I wonder how many floors in the same building are going to be
a long-distance call from other ones?? It would have made much better
sense for a pager service to have a *small* hunt group of dialins, and
a machine [maybe even with voice recog for rotary folk] to parse
further dial pulses/numbers and page the right guy. There are enough
touchtone phones in the field to make such a setup practical, and with
voice rec getting better you could accommodate everybody. Surely such
a system would be immensely more cost-effective over time if they
invested in such a machine, instead of paying the rent on all those
lines for n years!!
Has anyone tried NY Tel's latest ''service''? I'm not sure what it's
officially called but ''Dial-an-orgasm'' is descriptive enough. You
get to hear someone [usually female] ''talk dirty'' for 30 sec or so.
The trick is that they never use any *profane* terms; simply
suggestive ones. If I remember right, the number's 212 976 2x2x where
X varies between unknown limits. There seem to be a lot of different
ones. Naturally there is some group that is trying to have it taken
down, like that old similar thing set up by Hustler [?].
Central office tone detection [a slight aside from the modem-detection
issue]: I've heard that in some ESS office, the hardware is capable
of hearing and logging any touchtone dialing after the call is
completed. This means that someone has access to all your
long-distance service passwords, your bank-by-fone account, and
anything else you called and punched numbers at. It sounds highly
illegal under most circumstances. Anyone know the real story on
this?? Do they/can they enable ''subsequent tone listening'', and
why? How far can we trust these guys, anyways?! Remember, not
everyone in TPC walks around with a halo on his head.
Ah yes, mobile telephones. I recently purchased a programmable
scanner, which can hear all the local repeaters. It is amazing how
people throw their personal life out all over the airwaves like no one
could hear them. After listening to it for a while, trying to figure
out how it all works, I called and asked about them. I was given
something like the following. Rent per month is about $250. You pay
an initial $330 or so installation fee, and a $1000 deposit. You can
only access certain repeaters in your area, and since there are a
limited number of repeaters and only one person can use one at a time,
you often luse when you try to make a call. However, they are
shipping out the current ''antiquated'' system soon, and putting in
some kind of cellular system. In *Morristown*?! Seems that the
implementation of cellular is farther along than I thought. At any
rate, I can determine a few things about the current setup that you
may find interesting. What happens right when someone picks up is
unknown, but I would assume that some sort of billing code is
transmitted. Often there is a 2kHz ''standby'' tone from the
repeater, and when someone has accessed the thing, the tone
disappears. You then sometimes hear a tape loop ''Foo-town mobile!''
followed [in any case] by a dial tone. Dial pulses [!] proceed and
seem to be tone-modulated somehow. I assume that the customer turns
on the car phone, sends on the frequency that the repeater listens to,
and then listens for the repeater to acknowledge him. It is the
repeater only that one hears on the scanner; in most cases the car is
too faint to be picked up. Following the dial tone, the rest sounds
like a normal phone conversation, until the mobile party hangs up.
The car unit sends a sort of warble which is the EOT signal, and then
dies. The repeater drops the call and goes to idle mode.
Have they gotten cellular to the point where if your unit missed the
fact that your local repeater told it to swap frequencies and then did
so, the mobile unit will know it? I suspect that the first versions
will have lots of annoying bugs when put into actual use. Do they use
analog, or digitally transmitted voice?
Well, that about empties my crock for the moment. Enjoy...
_H*
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 83 9:31:22 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: long-distance D.A. charges?!?
News item Sept. 23: AT&T is considering charging 75 cents per call to
long-distance directory assistance. (New fallout from breakup of
AT&T.) It's an unexpected (and very annoying) surprise for me, and
I'm sure it is for a lot of others. (Just last night, I wanted to
call Elkton, Md. from Newark, Del., and had to call Md. directory
assistance because Elkton, although just over the state line from
Newark, is not in the Wilmington directory, which includes Newark.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
28-Sep-83 18:43:16-PDT,7782;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 28-Sep-83 1837-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 28-Sep-83 1831-PDT
Date: 28 Sep 83 1751-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #64
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 29 Sep 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 64
Today's Topics:
AT&T Breakup Issues
Re: long-distance carriers (in Telecom V3 #59)
touch-tone phones as a terminal
connecting up 6 wire phones -- question of hal@mit-mc
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Tuesday, 27-Sep-83 18:18:13-PDT
Subject: AT&T Breakup Issues
I can't see why anyone would be surprised that AT&T no longer wants to
offer free long distance directory assistance. After all, the whole
point of that service was that enough "actual" calls were made based
on the D.A. calls to help pay back for the D.A. calls themselves.
Once people are using alternate long-distance carriers, AT&T is simply
providing a free D.A. service and those persons never create revenue
by making an "actual" billable call.
On the other hand, I seriously doubt that they'll get anything like
$.75/call. Much more likely is that part of the universal service
fund will be used to fund some sort of inter-carrier
directory-assistance operation. Remember, it's looking very much like
ALL of the alternate carriers will be forced (quite rightly, in my
opinion) to pay money into the U.S.F. to help support "universal"
service and local service in general. This will of course tend to
force their rates up. In the end, I expect to see very little
disparity between long distance service rates from AT&T and the other
carriers. Yep, long distance will be cheaper. But your local calls
will cost you a pretty "penny" per minute and your monthly rate will
be sky high. This is the price you'll pay for competition in
telecommunications. Also likely is that the less well-known alternate
carriers who are attempting to garner business exclusively from large
business concerns will also be forced to pay money into the fund.
By the way, many of the alternate carriers are still largely useless
for modem operations higher than 300 baud (if that!) over long
distances, primarily due to poor circuit quality and (in some cases)
the use of statistical multiplexing on carrier circuits.
To put it bluntly, I consider the AT&T breakup to be one of the most
ill-conceived and short-sighted fiascos in recent history. Some will
most certainly gain, but ultimately I expect that most consumers will
be paying far more overall for services which are not worth,
relatively, the massively increased costs.
Of course, the places to complain about telecommunications issues are
not only this digest, but include the FCC and your local PUC's.
Overall, amazingly few people *do* bother to complain, so those who do
speak out have a good chance of having someone listen to them, at
least to some extent.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 28 Sep 1983 00:31:05-EDT
From: grkermit!chris at mit-vax
From: chris
Subject: Re: long-distance carriers (in Telecom V3 #59)
Sprint has recently announced that their service is now availabe from
anywhere in the United States to anywhere in the United States. This
is a dramatic improvement from their earlier service in which you had
to call from one of about 50 Metropolitan areas to one of about 100
Metropolitan areas (as I recall the old service.) Unfortunately,
since I've stopped using Sprint, I threw away the announcement, and
can't give more details.
------------------------------
Date: 28 Sep 1983 0851-PDT
From: Richard M. King <KING at KESTREL>
Subject: touch-tone phones as a terminal
I have an application in mind where a computer we would own
would need to contact each of 100,000 places of business with varying
frequencies ranging from once per year to a couple of times per week.
Because of the volumes involved it would be impossible to place a
terminal at these sites, so I propose to conduct the dialog by having
the computer speak over an ordinary phone line using something like a
TI voice synthesis unit, and letting the business respond with their
touch-tone phone. (A complication is that they might only have
impulse <gasp!>)
This certainly is technically feasable. Does anyone know, on
the one hand, whether there is a company that already makes the
hardware so we don't have to cobble it together by ourselves, or on
the other hand whether it has been tried and already been found
impractical for human-factors reasons? I can see, for example, that
people might hang up the phone when they find out they're talking to a
computer, or they would try to talk to it, or they wouldn't understand
the verbal instructions so they would have to have printed
instructions which would invariably be unfindable when needed because
they only get used once per year.
Thanks in advance for any info.
Dick
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 83 22:16:27 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: connecting up 6 wire phones -- question of hal@mit-mc
How should one hook up a six-wire phone set (red, yellow, green,
black, blue, white) to a 4-wire connector (red, yellow, green, black)?
It doesn't seem to work to simply ignore the blue and white.
The usual use of a six wire phones is as a single-line extension of a
key set. Normally the wires are used in pairs as follows:
red-green talking-dialing
black-yellow A1-A2 (shorted when phone is off-hook)
blue-white ringer
The red and green serve the usual purpose (tip and ring) for talking
and dialing. The black and yellow are shorted when the phone is taken
off-hook (this disables the hold circuit on a key phone) and the
blue-white operate the ringer (be sure that you have a ringer and not
a low-voltage buzzer -- in this case replace it by a ringer or simply
disconnect the buzzer). So, if the phone is connected normally, you
should (1) not use, but tape, the black and yellow leads; (2) connect
both the red and blue leads from the telephone to the red-lead of your
phone circuit; and (3) connect both the green and white leads from the
telephone to the green lead of your circuit.
Unfortunately, these phones are not always wired in this standard way.
However, this pairing is almost always used. You can expect red and
green to be the normal talking circuit. The two wires you don't use
can be verified using an ohmeter: when the phone is on-hook they
should be open and when the phone is off-hook they are shorted.
With a little experimentation, you should be able to make the phone
work.
The key points are that two wires form the talking-dialing circuit;
two others form the ringer circuit (which is the same as the talking-
dialing circuit in ordinary telephones) and two others are shorted
when the phone is taken off-hook (these are not used on ordinary
telephone circuits). Note that, if the phone is touch tone, there is
a possibility of polarity reversal, and if everything but the
touch-tone dialer works, you should interchange the red and green
wires from the telephone.
Good talking!
vail
p.s. Where did this telephone come from? I have never seen one on
the
new or used telephone market.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
2-Oct-83 20:18:25-PDT,3982;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 2-Oct-83 2015-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 2-Oct-83 1826-PDT
Date: 2 Oct 83 1356-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #65
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Monday, 3 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 65
Today's Topics:
6 wires for a phone
6 wires for a phone
sri-csl<geoff>house.doc
Public Telephone Directories
cordless phone DX-ing, Long distance DA charges
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 28 Sep 1983 0626-PDT
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: 6 wires for a phone
Weren't the other two wires there to carry the current for the light
on the old princess phones?
--Lynn
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 28 Sep 83 20:23:41 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: 6 wires for a phone
Date: 28 Sep 1983 0626-PDT
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: 6 wires for a phone
To: Telecom at KESTREL, Vail at UCLA-CS
Address: Kestrel Institute, 1801 Page Mill Rd., Palo Alto, CA
94304
Phone: (415) 494-2233
Weren't the other two wires there to carry the current for the
light on the old princess phones?
--Lynn
-------
It's been a long time since I looked at a Princess phone, but as I
recall it used 4 wires: The customary two for talk-ring-dial and two
for the light.
The "trend-line" phones used to (and some still do) use 5. Four as
above, and the fifth was used to enable party identification. This
latter is unnecessary on single-party lines.
vail
------------------------------
Date: 29 September 1983 13:19 EDT
From: Jeffrey R. Del Papa <DP @ MIT-ML>
Subject: sri-csl<geoff>house.doc
is now available as ml:users1;house doc
enjoy,
jeff
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 29 Sep 83 09:59 EDT
From: Damouth.Wbst@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Public Telephone Directories
Rochester Telephone has quietly removed the directory from all public
coin-operated telephones (the Airport seems to be an exception). Is
this a local phenomenon, or wide-spread? They claim that it is better
to dial Directory Assistance than to use a (often mutilated) paper
directory. Assuming this is true, we have still lost a major public
service: the most convenient way to find a restaurant, hospital, or
whatever, in an unfamiliar city or even an unfamiliar part of your own
city, has always been to stop at the nearest phone booth and look in
the Directory. Any comments on the most effective way to get these
directories reinstated? Presumably, funding should come from local
governments or business associations, since the benefits are not
directly telephone-related.
/Dave
------------------------------
Date: 29 Sep 83 21:00:33 PDT (Thu)
From: jmrubin%UCBCORAL.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: cordless phone DX-ing, Long distance DA charges
Some people who have shortwave radios are now tuning into their
neighbor's cordless phones, and there has been information on this
topic in the magazine Popular Communications and on the program World
of Radio (WRNO shortwave, and some NPR stations) It is generally
regarded as legal in the U.S. to tune to "utility" stations (which is
what a cordless phone is) as long as you don't reveal the contents or
take advantage of it. (International regulations are stricter)
I think N.Y. Telephone counts any Directory Assistance call within
N.Y. State as counting against your local D.A. allocation.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
3-Oct-83 17:11:41-PDT,6099;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 3-Oct-83 1709-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 3-Oct-83 1706-PDT
Date: 3 Oct 83 1535-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #66
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 4 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 66
Today's Topics:
High speed modems for switched network
Data collection by polling remote locations for human response
Re: Spin back the years...
Cincinnati Bell area
Third Party Billing
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: jimbo%ucbic@Berkeley (Jim Kleckner)
Date: 1 Oct 1983 1303-PDT (Saturday)
Subject: High speed modems for switched network
I read an article about two weeks ago in the IEEE "Potentials"
magazine which discussed modems for dial-up use. The author worked
for Anderson-Jacobsen on the design of their 4800 BPS full-duplex
modem which has the model number AJ-4048. The article indicated that
the modem has been in use since September of 1982.
Has anyone out there had any experience with this unit? Further, has
anyone been able to get hold of the new 2400 BPS full-duplex modems
from Vadic? While not economical for the average user, these units
could help cut the cost of uucp trunks quite a bit.
Thanks, Jim Kleckner ( jimbo@Berkeley or ucbvax!jimbo )
------------------------------
Date: 3 Oct 1983 0256-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Data collection by polling remote locations for human
Subject: response
[Usenet-address: "{ucbvax,decvax}!decwrl!rhea!castor!covert"]
The product I have been working on which should be on the shelf VERY
SOON, called TMS (Telephone Management System), may very well meet
your needs.
It can make outgoing calls, speak a voice announcement (which may be
varied based on the particular call being made), accept touch-tone
input, and respond further based on that input.
It is an option on the DEC Professional 350 personal computer. The
complexity of your application will determine whether the currently
available storage (10 Megabyte Winchester) will be adequate, or
whether you would need to connect the PC with TMS via DECNET to a host
with more storage.
An application to do what you want might be made general purpose
enough so that it could not only be used in your environment but also
in others.
You may want to contact our product manager at
{decvax,ucbvax}!decwrl!rhea!eve!steingart
His name is Bob Steingart.
TMS can work with Touch-Tone or rotary phones for outgoing. The
polled party must have Touch-Tone, so it should only be used for
calling to pre-defined groups. (Receiving rotary pulses, although
occasionally done, does not work reliably, and does not work at all
from No 1 and No 2 ESS offices.)
The requirement for Touch-Tone response allows it to determine whether
it reached a destination where the purpose of the call is understood.
Outgoing calls would begin with a repetitive, simple, prompting
announcement.
Locations which only have rotary service would have to have auxilliary
or acoustic tone pads.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 28 Sep 83 16:05:26 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@BRL-VLD>
Subject: Re: Spin back the years...
You refer to the upcoming split (212/718) in NYC. It should NOT
create long-distance calls within a building. Such a split is planned
to be along borough lines, protests by some notwithstanding. Besides,
setting up the new 718 area will not change the existing message-unit
plan in NYC area (includes Westchester & Nassau suburbs), it just
means that some calls will require more digits. Such message- unit
plan already requires the area code on local calls which cross area
code boundaries (e.g. 212-327 to 516-239 is a 1-unit call).
However, you might find some buildings with more than 1 area code in
LA area after 213/818 split. There are some exchanges which are
designated "LA foreign exchange" in, say, Burbank (213-849 - Jsol),
which goes into 818 area, but the LA foreign exchange stays in 213.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 83 12:34:36 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Cincinnati Bell area
Back in 1977 in Cincinnati Bell area (all of 513, a chunk of 606 and a
much smaller piece of 812), calls within such area did not require use
of an area code, but long-distance calls from such area to all other
points did.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 83 12:37:52 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
In Manhattan, I never recalled seeing phone books in outdoor phone
booths. (From 1976 onward.)
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 83 12:42:50 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
(add this to note about Manhattan phone booths) "From 1976 onward"
refers to my own visits there, not necessarily to when such
directories were removed.
------------------------------
Date: 3 Oct 1983 1624-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Third Party Billing
Unless your business office was confused (a not unlikely possibility)
you misunderstood them.
When they advised you to get a calling card, it was because of the new
policy of requiring confirmation on third number billing from coin
phones.
There is no intention of eliminating third number billing. It can
still be done from non-coin phones without confirmation and from coin
phones with confirmation.
Once billed-number screening is activated, the operator will get an
immediate indication that 3rd number billing is not permitted when the
number is entered.
By the way -- it was (according to the letter) supposed to have been
activated on my line two weeks ago. Still hasn't been.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
4-Oct-83 16:35:38-PDT,8917;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 4-Oct-83 1605-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 4-Oct-83 1600-PDT
Date: 4 Oct 83 1502-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #67
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 5 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 67
Today's Topics:
Phone Wiring General Info?
Bell Breakup
Re: High speed modems for switched network
Telco's listening to subscriber lines
Third Party Billing
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 30 Sep 83 17:53 PDT
From: Gloger.es@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Phone Wiring General Info?
Gentlemen,
Can any of you say where one can find general information on wiring up
residential and small business telephone systems? Stuff like 2-wire
and 4-wire circuits, and where on the red/green/yellow wires are the
audio and the ring signals, and where on the old and the new style
phone connectors are those signals, and what are the
voltage/current/frequency characteristics of the signals, and do
multiple phones at the same number get wired in parallel or serial?
What I'd like to find is something like a small book or a magazine
article or a pamphlet which covers the subject.
(Seems like this info. should be easy to find in a library or an
electronics hobby store or a phone store, but also seems like it's not
really there. Is that maybe a consequence of the long monopoly that
Ma Bell had even on wiring inside the home or office?)
If there's a good answer to this, it'd be a blessing if you'd send it
to TELECOM Digest. If no good answer, I'd very much appreciate
hearing so directly.
Thank you, Paul Gloger <Gloger.es@PARC-MAXC.ARPA>
------------------------------
Date: 2 Oct 83 16:14-EST (Sun)
From: Steven Gutfreund <gutfreund.umass-cs@Rand-Relay>
Subject: Bell Breakup
Lauren doubts the wisdom of the AT&T breakup since it will lead
inevitably to higher personal costs of phone use. This is based on the
belief that the phone service providers in their race after large
businesses will dump costs off on the residential and small business
customers. (If I have paraphrased badly, I apologize)
My question is this: why should the packet of bits I (a residential
customer) want transported from one location to another, be a less
lucrative commercial business than that of a fortune 100 customer?
There are many ways to turn a buck in business. Sometimes the hardest
buck to turn are those big sales to the big companies. Look that the
trouble Sattelite Buisness Systems has had getting costumers. On the
other hand, the Pet Rock people went after the mass market consumer
and made a bundle.
Residential phone service is a lucrative commercial venture because of
the incredible volume, and potential for growth in needs and services,
(teletext, etc, home banking, bullitin boards, swap shops, etc.)
I would like to see the support for the contention that residential
and small business phone service is going to degrade or become more
expensive merely on the grounds that it is somehow "less economically
lucrative".
- Steven (Roi de Soleil) Gutfreund
------------------------------
Date: 3 Oct 83 18:23:23 PDT (Monday)
Subject: Re: High speed modems for switched network
From: (Larry Kluger) Kluger.PA@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
I have had good personal experience with Codex model LSI 24/24 modems
for use over the DDD network. The modems are full duplex synchronous
at 3200 bps. If the modems detect circuit degradation, they fall back
to 2400 or 1800 bps. An asynchronous adapter is available.
My company has used the modems for daily communication between our
Palo Alto, CA and Japan locations without serious problems. Japan
makes a trans-pacific phone call and it all works.
The modem uses a non-standard protocol so it can't talk to any other
type of modem. The modem can be used with an RJ-11 jack and a
standard 500 or 2500 phone for auto-answer and for originate.
The modem's list price is $2650 each. (last time I checked)
Larry Kluger
------- p.s. to the moderator: Please edit this msg if parts of it
aren't "appropriate" for ARPA distribution.
------------------------------
From: Jo <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBOndlADC
Has anyone had any reason to believe that it is possible to exceed the
limit on the amount of equipment which can be placed on one line? The
ringing generator in a C.O. ought to be able to handle quite a bit,
and the duty cycle should not be enough to burn out your pair in the
cable, but it does seem that there might be a limit.
#2) The "official" WWV number, 303 499-7111, is fed directly from the
NBS in Colorado, and does go off hook. There are a number of numbers
at various military bases, some of which go off-hook, and some of
which don't. The one at Fort Bliss doesn't, so as far as the phone
company is concerned, the call never answered.
Obtaining information by wire without paying the lawful charges is
called fraud by wire and is considered a felony by the Federal
government and most state governments. Whether it's the caller or the
person who wired up the number so that it doesn't go off hook (or
both) who will lose the right to vote is up to the courts to decide.
Calling WWV is less accurate than picking it up off air due to the
unknown length and other characteristics of the transmission media
involved in a call. In fact, I called the 303 499 number with three
way calling and could here the difference between the two calls.
--------
3-Oct-83 20:20:33-PDT,1639;000000000001 Return-path:
<RSX-DEV@DEC-MARLBORO> Received: from DEC-MARLBORO by USC-ECLC; Mon 3
Oct 83 20:18:28-PDT Date: 3 Oct 1983 2306-EDT From: John R
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Date: Fri, 30 Sep 83 19:25:05 PDT
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: Telco's listening to subscriber lines
As far as telephone operating companies listening to their
subscriber's lines, I would like to present the following bit of
federal law, from section 605 of the Omnibus Act (section 2511 of
Title 18, U.S.C.):
"(2)(a)(i) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter
for an operator of a switchboard, or an officer, employee,
or agent of any communications common carrier, whose
facilities
are used in the transmission of a wire communication, to
intercept, disclose, or use that communication in the normal
course of his employment while engaged in any activity
which is a necessary incident to the rendition of his
service or to the protection of the rights or property
of the carrier of such communication."
So, I suppose it is a matter of interpretation. As long as the
telco can defend it's listening because it was protecting its rights
or prop- erty, then it would seem to be legal.
Phil
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 83 12:36:34 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Third Party Billing
Wrong. C & P telephone, while it has been doing third party billing
verification from pay phones for a long time, sent out little
brochures saying "He's got your number, and you've got his bill." The
pitch was that they were getting rid of third party billing in March
and therefore you should sign the card and return it to get a calling
card. I haven't actually tried making a third party call here since I
very dutifully returned the form and got the calling card.
-Ron
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
5-Oct-83 13:49:50-PDT,8297;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 5-Oct-83 1342-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 5-Oct-83 1340-PDT
Date: 5 Oct 83 1224-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #68
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 6 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 68
Today's Topics:
garbled digest
RE: Phone Wiring General Info
Third Party Billing
Piracy
Some misc. items...
Variable Day Plan
phone line limitations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 1650-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: garbled digest
Apparently the program I use to prepare the digest went haywire. I
will look at the digests more carefully in the future.
Sorry,
--Jon
------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 1853-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: RE: Phone Wiring General Info
From your nearest Phonecenter Store you should be able to get a couple
of free pamphlets describing how to wire up single line phones.
It's pretty simple. Red and Green are the two wires to connect. Some
Touch-Tone phones may be polarity sensitive (so if the dial doesn't
beep you may have to turn the wires around) but most now have bridge
rectifiers in them.
No other wires should ever need to be connected on today's single line
phones. You aren't allowed to do your own wiring on party lines (the
only case in which yellow would be used for party identification).
Old lighted-dial phones used to run power for the lights on yellow and
black, but most of them now use low-power LED illumination which is
powered from the line.
------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 1901-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Third Party Billing
I repeat -- third party billing is NOT being eliminated. They've just
gone to great effort to implement the third party billing screening
system so that anyone who wants to can turn it off.
It even works from Washington, D.C. -- So if C&P said they were
eliminating it, they were wrong.
The only things I have ever seen have been notices that Third Party
Billing from Pay Phones would require verification. They still do not
even verify from non-coin.
Calling Card calls are cheaper than third number billing in order to
encourage use of calling cards, which have a PIN and are thus more
difficult to hack.
------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 1952-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Piracy
My last phone bill had a $50 "Maint Serv Chg" on it. I called the
Business Office to find out what it was -- and they couldn't find any
record of it, so they took it off.
It may have been from the time I reported that MCCS was not working on
my phone (they had apparently dropped the Touch-Tone bit from my
line). Their first response was "it's because you have customer
provided equipment."
I wonder how many customers pay the charge without asking.
------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Monday, 3-Oct-83 23:18:27-PDT
Subject: Some misc. items...
Greetings. A number of various points to cover...
---
Regarding the AJ 4800 baud full-duplex (dialup) modem: I had one of
these modems here in the Vortex for a couple of weeks, and tested it
rather extensively with a matching modem on a (semi-local) VAX. I was
disappointed. I got a fairly high error rate, including (but not
limited to) about one noise "hit" every 10 seconds or so when the
modem was sitting idle. When data was actually flowing, the error
rate seemed to drop somewhat -- apparently indicating some problem
related to the modems' idle state scrambler pattern. The unit also
exhibited problems with its automatic equalization sequence. The
device has no built in data error checking, and is very expensive,
making it not at all cost effective.
My testing involved a two central office hop. I should mention that
some other people who tested the modem (particularly those in the same
central office as the VAX) reported better results. In any case, I
think that it's too expensive even if it worked perfectly all of the
time.
---
I've seen John Covert's Telephone Management System, and it *is* quite
impressive. Of course, it may be a bit expensive for some more simple
applications. For such tasks, it is pretty simple to rig up a
touch-tone decoder (genuine Bell 407 modem or the various cheapo
decoder chips and boards now available) and an inexpensive Votrax
voice synthesizer. I've setup such systems several times over the
years -- they're not really terribly complicated, though they may be
necessarily limited in various respects.
---
There are a number of reasons why the revenue base to be derived from
residential telephone subscribers cannot be compared to that of
businesses. I'll only mention a couple here.
First of all, note that the range of services that most residential
subscribers really need is comparatively limited. Oh yeah, there will
be all sorts of interesting services appearing that are directed
toward the residence customer, but any increase in the monthly bill by
more than a fairly small amount will probably be considered to be
quite extravagant by most people for quite some time.
Unlike residential users who mainly use the phone for personal
communications, businesses use the phone to make money. To the extent
that they can increase their business, they can justify larger outlays
of money for telecommunications services of various sorts. For the
residence customer, it's more a matter of convenience, since the new
features will rarely add to his or her income producing ability (at
least in most cases).
One additional point to consider: when a business wants new phone
services (at higher costs) they can usually pass those costs along in
some form to their customers, thusly spreading the cost increase quite
widely. Residential customers do not have such a capability. Any
increases they pay come strictly out of pocket -- and they usually
have nobody to whom they can "pass along" the new costs.
The end result of the above (and other) factors is that for the
forseeable future, a quite vivid disparity between the
telecommunications income potential of business and residential
subscribers is to be expected.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 2032-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Variable Day Plan
The person who mentioned this a few days ago probably thought he was
kidding -- but it's right there, on page 54 of FCC Tariff 1, filed 3
October, not yet approved:
The Variable Day Plan applies to dial station calls placed during
specified hours from phones in Nevada to Conus, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto
Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
The discount is 20%, Monday thru Friday, 8-9 AM, Noon-1PM, and 4-5PM.
Expires April 17, 1984, unless sooner cancelled or extended.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 83 16:56:30 PDT
From: Theodore N. Vail <vail@UCLA-CS>
Subject: phone line limitations
In answer to the question:
Has anyone had any reason to believe that it is possible to exceed
the limit on the amount of equipment which can be placed on one
line? The ringing generator in a C.O. ought to be able to handle
quite a bit, and the duty cycle should not be enough to burn out
your pair in the cable, but it does seem that there might be a
limit.
------- Both the talking current and bell current are limited. So, if
you use ordinary instruments, there is a limitation, typically around
4 bells or instruments in use at one time. However, if your bells or
instruments are self-powered then there need be no specific
limitation.
vail
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
6-Oct-83 14:12:20-PDT,7772;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLA rcvd at 6-Oct-83 1409-PDT
Mail-from: DECNET site ECLC rcvd at 6-Oct-83 1405-PDT
Date: 6 Oct 83 1330-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #69
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 7 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 69
Today's Topics:
Alternative billing arrangements in the proposed tariff
Beam me up, Operator
Computer communications to telephones
Third Party Billing
Use of pulse/tone dialing phones
Multi Line Switch
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 2231-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Alternative billing arrangements in the proposed tariff
The proposed tariff talks about calls billed to Calling cards issued
by an exchange operating company or AT&T (maybe you can get a direct
from AT&T card?) and charge or credit cards issued commercially.
For the charge or credit cards it says that they may be used from
phones "suitably equipped." I wonder what kind of phones we may see.
The tariff also continues to refer to third party calls, saying that
they may be subject to verification.
------------------------------
Date: 5 Oct 83 04:32:43 EDT
From: Hobbit <AWalker@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: Beam me up, Operator
[Invoke a vision of fifty or so utterly bored people sitting hunched
over flickering TSPS consoles...]
What is commonly called WX or Enterprise numbers are simply entries in
a table [printed on the flysheets that sit at every TSPS position].
These point to real numbers. The only difference in the call is the
billing, which is called ''auto collect''. Basically such a call is
charged to the other end without asking. Since WATS lines are
automatic and a good deal less confusing, the WX concept is indeed
dying out.
When in hell are they going to implement real keyboards and real
alphanumeric displays for TSPS?? The software thereof has reached
quite a level of complexity. As things are now, using a TSPS console
is akin to firing up your favorite screen editor from an ADM1.
_H*
------------------------------
Date: 5 Oct 1983 0654-PDT
Subject: Computer communications to telephones
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
Regarding your inquiry on Telecom about an application for a computer
to talk over phone links directly to people:
I can't offer any advice as to the technical details, as I know
nothing about the subject. However, I just ran across an ad for a book
specifically about this subject, so I thought I'd mention it to you.
(If you already have this book, or know of it, please just flush this,
and forgive the bother.)
Author: John A. Kuecken
Title: TALKING COMPUTERS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Published by Van Nostrand/Reinhold
266 pages, 110 illustrations, $26.50
What I have here is one of those business-reply ad cards from a
package mailed out by Electronic Design magazine, and it doesn't have
much info, but it does mention that the book discusses speech
synthesis techniques, telephony, tone and DTMF generators and
detectors, and security techniques.
It looks like it should be info of interest to you or the others on
your project.
Hope this is of some help.
Regards, Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 4 Oct 1983 10:08:29-PDT (Tuesday)
From: David M Alpern <Alpern.IBM-SJ@Rand-Relay>
Subject: Third Party Billing
I have been informed by business offices multiple times that third
party billing is to disappear "sometime soon." Last spring, March I
believe, it was the Cambridge, MA office that informed me of this
after I complained about a series of calls billed to my number.
The policy that calling card numbers will be the only means to bill to
a line other than the caller's or receiver's has been stated to me
enough times, by phone companies in enough spots in the country, that
I tend to think it's more than an unfounded rumor. On the other hand,
I must admit, I've been hearing this for about 3 years and haven't yet
seen any action.
Do you have any real information I don't on what the policy is going
to be? Or are we really just tossing statements from various confused
business office personel back and forth?
------------------------------
Date: 5 Oct 1983 1026-PDT
Subject: Use of pulse/tone dialing phones
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
Hi!
There has been quite a bit of discussion on Telecom in the past
regarding Touch-Tone phones working or not on rotary lines. I don't
recall seeing this specific point mentioned:
If you have a pulse or rotary-only line, with Touch-Tone service NOT
enabled, if you buy one of the commercial phones which switch between
pulse and tone dialing modes, can you use it in pulse mode to get to
one of the local access numbers for Sprint or MCI or the like, and
then switch over to tone and send that service the access code and
number to reach? I always thought you could; that the Touch-Tone
"enabling" was turning on the RECOGNITION of the tones by the central
office, not the ability to GENERATE those tones. But I'd like
confirmation before I make any plans based on that assumption.
If that assumption is true, the other question in my mind is whether
most commercial phones with this feature are designed for such
frequent use of that switch. If the manufacturers envisioned that
such a phone would only be switched from pulse to tone or back again
when the phone was moved to a new location, they would probably
install a relatively low-quality, short-life switch to save money, and
it would rapidly wear out if you used it every day or many times a day
to make alternate-service long-distance calls.
I made the mistake of buying one of the cheapy phones about a year ago
(from a local discount store, for $18 then -- about what is now being
sold for under $10), and I think it is already half worn out. I seem
to get a wrong number about half the times I use it to dial. That's
why I am wondering about parts quality and lifespan with regard to
this issue.
Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 6 Oct 83 0009 EDT (Thursday)
From: Michael.Fryd@CMU-CS-A (X435MF0E)
Subject: Multi Line Switch
I have a problem.
I have a wireless telephone (Touch Tone) and 3 phone lines in my
house.
I would like to get a box to go between my phone and the wall such
that when I take the phone off-hook remotely, I can choose which line
to use.
The user interface I have in mind, is that when I first take the phone
off-hook, I must type a single digit to indicate which line I wish to
use, and I then get a dial-tone. My needs are simple; I don't care if
the wireless phone rings when people call me (I have normal phones
that ring loudly) I just want to choose lines from the wireless
handset, without going to the base-station.
Is there anything currently on the market that will do this at a
reasonable cost?
If not, who makes DTMF decoder chips? It seems to me that it would
only take a few chips aand perhaps some relays, to make such a device;
or are there hidden problems that would make this complicated? (Of
course, I wouldn't dream of connecting a non-approved device to the
network, but I find it enjoyable to go through the intellectual
adventure of designing it).
-Michael Fryd
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
7-Oct-83 16:41:25-PDT,4853;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by USC-ECLC; Fri 7 Oct 83 16:37:53-PDT
Date: 7 Oct 83 1636-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #70
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 8 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 70
Today's Topics:
Re: Bell Breakup
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #69
re: area codes
Re: Multi Line Switch
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 83 12:10:55 EDT
From: Brint Cooper (CTAB) <abc@brl-bmd>
Subject: Re: Bell Breakup
The best "support for the contention that residential and small
business phone service is going to degrade or become more expensive"
with the Bell break-up is experience:
1. Folks now have to shell out $10.00 to $50.00 to own their
telephone instruments or face a five-fold increase in the rental fee
from Bell.
2. There's an immediate move to add a $2.00 surcharge to all
residential monthly phone bills to cover costs of providing hook-ups
to the long distance phone companies. (Rather than the long-distance
companies paying such charges themselves.)
3. The telephone companies, themselves, are filing rate
increases and justifying increases in our costs of 15% to 40% in part
on the increased costs of doing business brought about by the
break-up.
4. The instruments which we purchase for rather inflated
prices are not nearly so durable and reliable as those made and
severely tested by Western Electric.
You know, the telephone business is a bit more complex than Pet Rocks.
One problem with SBS is that it's not the only show in town.
Unfortunately, the local Bell Operating Company is.
Brint
------------------------------
Date: 6 Oct 1983 1457-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #69
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB>
Will Martin: The switch is indeed to enable generation of the tones;
the central office parameter is to enable detection, as you suspected.
You bring up an interesting point about the quality of the switch.
The answer is undoubtedly manufacturer/model dependent. I suspect
that some will provide the life you need.
It appears that we have entered the era of the disposable telephone.
If I recall corectly, the GTE flip-fone was supposed to sell for $8
and be disposable as well, but somebody up in corporate management
decided that the public wouldn't go for it, so they bumped up the
price and offered some sort of warranty.
Michael Fryd:
I suspect you will have to build the device, but take heart; it should
indeed be pretty simple to do. The parts required would be 3 4PDT
relays (if you don't have a key system, DPDT would suffice), or
similar analog switch networks, the DTMF decoder, and some logic
(perhaps a small microprocessor). But as long as you are doing this,
why not support some more features. Like being able to put the lines
on hold, conferencing, etc? You could set it up so that when you
flashed your handset switchhook (out of band break signal), all active
lines were put on hold, conferences intact and remembered, and you
were put in a touch-tone command mode. This would allow you to do a
variety of other tasks. You would of course, need a small matrix
switch consisting only of a few more relays, but this could all be
done fairly easily. You could even have common bells on the handset,
and a way to automatically answer the ringing line without your direct
intervention.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 6 Oct 1983 17:13:19-PDT
From: Douglas W Martin <CCVAX.martin@Nosc>
Reply-to: CCVAX.martin@Nosc
Subject: re: area codes
Several recent issues of the telecom digest have discussed unused
area codes. Can anyone tell me the status of codes 200, 300, ...,
700? Are any of these area codes in use, and/or what about future
plans? Doug Martin
------------------------------
Date: Fri 7 Oct 83 13:41:22-EDT
From: Gene Hastings <HASTINGS@CMU-CS-C.ARPA>
Subject: Re: Multi Line Switch
It sounds like the device you want is a Mitel MT8870 (ca $45
from some random place in New Jersey, got it from Mitel distributors
list). It is a REAL decoder, incorporating all filters and detectors
in an 18pin dip, 5v power supply. Add a couple r's and c's and a
colorburst crystal and you're in business. BCD outputs for all 16
combinations and signal detect strobe, latched outputs.
Gene
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
8-Oct-83 17:21:02-PDT,3204;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by USC-ECLC; Sat 8 Oct 83 17:19:12-PDT
Date: 8 Oct 83 1717-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #71
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 9 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 71
Today's Topics:
Third Party Billing
intercept "not in service yet"?
ComKey 416
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 8 October 1983 00:33 edt
From: Dehn at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: Third Party Billing
From an insert in my June bill from Southern New England Telephone:
"Starting July 19, 1983, on all phone calls originating in
Connecticut billed to a third number, our operators will call
the billed number for authorization BEFORE completing
the call."
Yes, this applies even from residence phones, and even if the billed
number is out of state.
-jwd3
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 83 7:50:31 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: intercept "not in service yet"?
Suggestion at U of Del (Newark, Del.) that intercept be placed on the
(not-in-use-yet) 302-451 exchange to tell callers to use the old
numbers; no plans to implement suggestion, however. (1983-84 student
directory printed the new numbers, which won't be in use till
December. This is 1st I have heard of 302-451.)
------------------------------
From: genrad!rob%decvax@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 6 Oct 83 06:48:21 EDT (Thu)
From: decvax!genrad!rob@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Subject: ComKey 416
I have a friend with a small business who asked for my advice on his
phone system. He currently has 6 touch-tone 6 button key-set phones.
AT&T has advised him that as of the first of the year he can continue
to lease what he has a yet undetermined rate, or lease or purchase a
new system. His current system has a grey box (3' X 3') in a closet
that does the hold, lights and ringing for his 3 incoming lines. He
has a separate Bogen intercom that is very old and needs replacing.
Their proposal is to purchase a ComKey 416 system. These require no
"grey box". They are $330 per set. Installation of $27 per set. To
purchase replacement intercom would be $125 per set if he goes again
with Bogen. His current intercom has 12 sets but through compromise
could cut back to 10, but 4 of those locations can not have phones due
to unlimited access. It seems a waste to put a $330 set and restrict
the outgoing calls. Finally he wants to increase to 5 phone lines.
Questions we would like comments on are:
Is there any recommendation on competing companies?
Can an intercom be bought from someplace (shack) and added to
416?
Should he keep the intercomm separate from phone system?
Is something "new" in the works from AT&T that he should wait
for? Thanks for your assistance.
Rob Wood (decvax!genrad!rob)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
11-Oct-83 14:59:51-PDT,4111;000000000001
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 11-Oct-83 14:01:23
Date: 11 Oct 83 1401-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #72
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 12 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 72
Today's Topics:
Phone Wiring Info
Third Number Billing
Phone wiring info
Call Waiting on Data Line
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 83 07:16:50 EST
From: <EEvax.davy@Purdue.ARPA>
Subject: Phone Wiring Info
I purchased a book recently (at the local Waldenbooks store) entitled
"Kiss Ma Bell Goodbye" - I don't remember the author, I think it was
$5.95. This book describes how to hook up your phone, along with how
to hook up things like answering machines, autodialers, etc. It is
written in layman's terms, so even the average moron could understand
itt (If I can follow it, anyone can!).
--Dave Curry decvax!pur-ee!davy eevax.davy@purdue
------------------------------
Date: 10 Oct 1983 2011-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Third Number Billing
Interesting -- yes indeed, SNET is verifying all third number billing.
That's good, I like that. Most places are still doing that only from
coin phones. We'll see what happens with the breakup -- one aspect of
the breakup that hasn't been discussed is the fact that the world's
largest private police force (Bell Security) will be split into eight
parts (AT&T plus the 7 regional holding companies). That huge private
police force was one of the reasons they were able to do third number
billing for so long.
Of course, with billed number screening, operators shouldn't even try
to verify if my number is given. It's supposed to be rejected as soon
as it is entered. Still isn't working, but then it was only late last
week that I complained, and today was a day off for Bell.
A good indication that 3rd number billing is NOT being eliminated is
the presence of 3rd number billing in Tariff #1 of the brand new
company. It would have been a convenient time to eliminate it if
there were any intention of doing so.
------------------------------
Date: 11 Oct 1983 0750-PDT
Subject: Phone wiring info
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
I have no idea if this book is at all worthwhile, or if it contains
the info you are seeking, but the following paperback has been
advertised in the last few issues of the book catalog from Publishers
Central Bureau, the discount mail-order book organization:
Item No. 549360; HOW TO INSTALL YOUR OWN TELEPHONES, EXTENSIONS, AND
ACCESSORIES AND KISS MA BELL GOODBYE by Wesley Cox. (No info on
number of pages or publisher; 40 line drawings.) Softbound, $4.95.
Described as "An illustrated guide for consumers who wish to save big
money by installing their own phones and phone accessories. It's
legal at last, so why not take advantage of the new telecommunications
laws?"
I have not seen this book, only the ad for it. If anyone has read or
owns a copy, please send a review to the Digest.
Knowing the author and title, any bookstore should be able to get a
copy on special order; this is one of the full-price new books, not a
remaindered and discounted book.
Regards, Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: 11 October 1983 11:58 mst
From: Schuttenberg.Dbu at HIS-PHOENIX-MULTICS
Subject: Call Waiting on Data Line
I have the "call waiting" feature on my phone line and would like to
use a terminal on that line. I'm told that the "beep" produced when a
call arrives will invariably cause a disconnect of my terminal. Is
this true, and if so, is there a solution - perhaps a device that will
mask the "beep"? I really don't care whether I'm notified that a call
came in.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
12-Oct-83 16:06:18-PDT,5716;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 12-Oct-83 16:05:27
Date: 12 Oct 83 1603-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #73
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 13 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 73
Today's Topics:
ARPANET/MILNET Split problems
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #72
Call Waiting on Data Lines
Crank-phone disconneted.
Call Waiting on Data Line
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 11 Oct 1983 2054-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: ARPANET/MILNET Split problems
With the split of the ARPANET and MILNET on October 4th of this year,
mail system maintainers were told to implement gateway routing for
mail, for the day when ARPANET and MILNET become completely separate
communities, connected only by those sparse mail gateways.
With such changes come problems, and since the split, most MILNET
subscribers haven't received a single TELECOM digest. Hopefully that
is now over and we can all once again enjoy our news digest. Also, an
interesting point is that the USENET feed for fa.telecom (the news
group which distributes TELECOM) is on MILNET, so you USENET
subscribers have not received any digests either!
You can now all submit to TELECOM as well. Submissions are to be sent
to the follwing addresses:
ARPANET: (net 10.) mail to TELECOM@USC-ECLC
MILNET: (net 26.) mail to TELECOM@USC-ECLB
USENET: mail to ...brl-bmd!telecom
or ...ucbvax!TELECOM@USC-ECLC
CSNET: mail to TELECOM@USC-ECLC (same as ARPANET)
Mail to the TELECOM-REQUEST address at either ECLB or ECLC should work
also, for communications with the moderator (me).
For you MILNET subscribers. Send me mail at TELECOM-REQUEST@USC-ECLB
with the issue numbers you are missing and I will remail them to you
out of the archives.
------------------------------
Date: 11 Oct 1983 1421-PDT
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #72
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
Schuttenberg:
It is not actually the tone which causes disconnection, but rather the
fact that during the tone, the two ends of the data connection are
separated. You can't solve the problem by defeating the tone, but you
can defeat the feature by the use of another feature. If you have
call forwarding, simply forward your calls to another number or
perhaps a busy-test number. If you have 3-way, you can also defeat
it, but the process is a bit more obscure. First call something on
the primary circuit that will not dump you, such as a non-answering
busy-test on another exchange, or a disconnect recording. When the
connection is established, flash into a 3-way dial-tone and call your
computer. DO NOT FLASH AGAIN. This method will cause callers to your
line to get a busy signal, and you will not be dumpped off the
computer.
The forwarding method is preferred, as it doesn't tie up a 3-port
conference circuit and an extra outside trunk for the duration of the
call.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 11 Oct 1983 1545-PDT
From: Lynn Gold <FIGMO at KESTREL>
Subject: Call Waiting on Data Lines
Call waiting DOES disconnect a data line when the beep from the
incoming call comes through. I recommend getting another line (if it
is a viable option for you).
--Lynn
------------------------------
Date: 12 Oct 1983 10:04-PDT
Subject: Crank-phone disconneted.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
USA TODAY, Monday, October 10, 1983.
By Larry Gilbert
BRYANT POND, Maine -- People here and in nearby Woodstock will be able
to reach out and touch the world Tuesday -- without having to crank up
their phones.
The last hand-crank system in the USA will be replaced by 529 dial and
touch-tone telephones. Not everyone is happy.
"The phones held this town together," said the Rev. Linwood Hanson,
paster of the Baptist Church.
The old crank system centers around a museum-piece switchboard manned
24 hours a day in Eldon Hathaway's living room. Operators provide
wake-up calls and general information on the town's activities for
$3.50 a month.
F. Robert Jamison, managers of Oxford County Telephone & Telegraph is
behind the change. he bought the old system in 1981 for $50,000.
------------------------------
Date: 12 Oct 83 17:46 EDT (Wed)
From: Christopher J. Tengi <TENGI@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Reply-to: Tengi@RUTGERS.ARPA
Subject: Call Waiting on Data Line
It is true that call waiting can cause problems when a modem is being
used on the line, although you may not be disconnected. When I first
got my phone (from good old NJ Bell), I had the call waiting feature
included since there was no additional service charge. I have a Vadic
3400 series modem that I use to hook up to Rutgers and every now and
then I would notice strange things happening to my terminal screen.
One time I decided to listen in after the screen got messed up and
sure enough, I heard the second call waiting beep and the screen had
more garbage on it. This was most annoying while editing as the beep
caused bogus characters to be entered into the buffer. I don't know
of any device to mask the beep, so I just punted the service instead.
/GTen
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
13-Oct-83 17:16:33-PDT,3712;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 13-Oct-83 16:29:05
Date: 13 Oct 83 1628-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #74
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 14 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 74
Today's Topics:
Re: Call Waiting on Data Line
Imprisoned in a telephone booth...
Poor Bryant Pond...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed 12 Oct 83 19:17:50-EDT
From: Gene Hastings <HASTINGS@CMU-CS-C.ARPA>
Subject: Re: Call Waiting on Data Line
In response to Schuttenberg.Dbu@HIS-PHOENIX-MULTICS (I can't
get there from here):
The only way around getting interrupted by call waiting that I
know of requires that you also have call forwarding: before dialing up
your host, forward your phone to some innocuous number-for some reason
(at least in this area) you don't get the beep then. (By innocuous I
mean something on the order of "busy trunk" [if there is one in your
area and you can find it out], or weather, time, etc. or if you aren't
real concerned about the ears of your caller, you could forward to
your dialup (actually that would work fine if you were using the only
dialin, or used the highest number on the search). Otherwise, live
with it (and hope the host detatches on disconnects, or at worst logs
you off) or get another line with budget service and forward to it
(easier to bear if you are sharing accomodations, or can get your
department to support it).
Gene
------------------------------
Date: 12-Oct-1983 23:33
From: decwrl!rhea!castor!j_covert
From: <decwrl!rhea!castor!j_covert@su-shasta>
Subject: Imprisoned in a telephone booth...
>From the Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Munich, 13 September 1983
Lock snaps shut --
Man captured inside telephone booth
A 47 year old Yugoslav became a prisoner of technology in a telephone
booth in Goetheplatz Sunday night. Just after 10 PM he was calling a
compatriot when the lock, which is normally only used to lock the
booths when the phone is out of order, snapped shut.
The rain-soaked man, who was also plagued by an urgent call of nature,
first tried to make passers-by aware of his unfortunate situation.
After a half an hour of useless effort he reported his emergency to
the fire department emergency number (112) but could not make himself
understood to the clerk at the emergency reporting center.
However, just to be sure, the clerk sent a radio-dispatched emergency
car to the telephone booth. The emergency crew finally facilitated
his release. -tom
------------------------------
Date: 13-Oct-1983 00:11
From: decwrl!rhea!castor!j_covert
From: <decwrl!rhea!castor!j_covert@su-shasta>
Subject: Poor Bryant Pond...
With the "new" step CDO which was installed up there the subscribers
lost the custom calling features they had...
Call Forwarding.
Speed Calling.
Call Waiting.
All of these could be provided by the old "number please" board.
Although I don't know how often it was... those operators were quite
busy; Bryant Pond was no sleepy little town with a single operator
answering the board in between milking the cows.
The last time I visited both operators were handling calls as fast as
they could put them up and take them down; more than half the cord
pairs seemed to always be at use at any point in time.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
14-Oct-83 18:11:55-PDT,4029;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 14-Oct-83 17:17:20
Date: 14 Oct 83 1717-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #75
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 15 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 75
Today's Topics:
MCI Mail
Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #72
Call Waiting on Data Line
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 13 Oct 1983 1731-PDT
Subject: MCI Mail
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
I just completed the initiation dialog to the MCI mail service. It is
an interesting dialog, in which the system asks questions such as your
social security number, and mother's maiden name, for identification,
and allows you to specify your own unique ID code if you don't like
the one the system generates from your name. After this, a series of
survey questions are asked, hoping the user will provide answers. For
each question, a simple <CR> indicates you don't wish to answer; and
one may quit the survey at any time without disturbing the service
application previously entered.
To the best of my knowledge, there is no cost to establishing yourself
as a user; only when you actually send something. I think you can set
up a recipient address on-line, also without charge.
I can't tell what kind of hardware the system was that did the
querying, but backspace is character delete, Ctrl/U works for delete
line, after logging in, and Ctrl/R works as a retype. Other control
characters are taken as a delimiter, and RUB characters are ignored.
This leads me to believe that the application is running under VMS.
If anybody is interested in playing with this thing or establishing
their own account, the number is 800-323-7751. (100-300baud/1200baud)
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 83 16:37:18 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Re: TELECOM Digest V3 #72
It's not the "beep" that causes the phone to hang up as near as I can
tell (although it may glith up the screen). No amount of screaming,
humming, beeping, or whistling into an extension causes my modem to
quit. However all the people around here (C&P) who have call waiting
also notice a click just before the beep which is the line being
interupted momentarily. Not only is this heard by the call waiting
user but is heard by the person he is currently talking to as well.
This interuption is enough for our computers to say "oh well, he
dropped carrier." In addition the click occurs again when one of the
parties hangs up while in "hold" mode.
Someone on UNIX-WIZARDS a while back put out a modification to the
modem control driver to ignore short interuptions of carrier.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: 12 Oct 83 17:33 EDT (Wed)
From: Christopher J. Tengi <TENGI@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: Call Waiting on Data Line
It is true that call waiting can cause problems when a modem is being
used on the line, although you may not be disconnected. When I first
got my phone (from good old NJ Bell), I had the call waiting feature
included since there was no additional service charge. I have a Vadic
3400 series modem that I use to hook up to Rutgers and every now and
then I would notice strange things happening to my terminal screen.
One time I decided to listen in after the screen got messed up and
sure enough, I heard the second call waiting beep and the screen had
more garbage on it. This was most annoying while editing as the beep
caused bogus characters to be entered into the buffer. I don't know
of any device to mask the beep, so I just punted the service instead.
/GTen
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
15-Oct-83 21:21:53-PDT,5469;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 15-Oct-83 20:33:25
Date: 15 Oct 83 2033-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #76
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 16 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 76
Today's Topics:
Re: Phone Wiring General Information
Getting their facts straight...
MCI Mail
FX Lines
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Friday, 14 Oct 1983 17:40-PDT
Subject: Re: Phone Wiring General Information
From: nomdenet@Rand-Unix
Try You & Your Telephone
by Tom Rogers
Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc.
Indianapolis, Indiana
46268
99 pp.
I stumbled upon this book while glancing at the book rack in a
radio parts & components store. The book concerns itself with (home)
telephone basics -- dialling (pulse & DTMF), ringing, the handset, the
network, loading (how many phones can be put on one line),
do-it-yourself wiring -- and con tains nothing on telephone services
like automatic diallers, MCI, Sprint, etc.
Its explanation of home wiring is very good, covering the station
protec- tor, station wire, color coding, receptacles, and specialized
tools. The book also describes a wiring and modular cord test set, a
schematic, and instructions for its use.
Chapters
1 Should You Buy or Rent?
2 The Telephone System
3 Old Telephones
4 Dialing
5 The Handset
6 The Network (including a schematic diagram)
7 Ringing (explains Ringer Equivalence Numbers)
8 Talking
9 Home Wiring
10 Receptacls and Connecting Points (Blocks)
11 Station Equipment
12 Specialized Tools
Appendices
A Troubleshooting
B Numerical List of Area Codes
C Federal Communications Commission Rules
D Index of Manufacturers and Suppliers
A. R. White
nomdenet @
Rand-UNIX
(213)
393-0411, x7997
------------------------------
Date: 15 Oct 1983 0828-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Getting their facts straight...
An article by Brian Flanigan and Colin Covert (no relation) of the
Knight Ridder Service reports on the group of Detroit teenagers headed
by "The Wizard of ARPANET" who, the article states, "claims to have
penetrated ARPAnet, a highly secure Defense Department telephone
network that serves military computers."
The article goes on to say, "The network carries sensitive information
on phone lines reserved for military use."
------------------------------
Date: Sat 15 Oct 83 10:16:04-PDT
From: Jim Celoni S.J. <Celoni@SU-SCORE.ARPA>
Subject: MCI Mail
When I couldn't register for MCI mail on 800-323-7751 (is there a "new
user" name and password?), I called local MCI sales; they referred me
to 800-MCI-MAIL. They didn't know anything but referred me to
800-MCI-CALL, where I found out the service offers four kinds of
messages:
Instant letter: direct from sender's terminal to another
subscriber's; $1/"ounce" (7500 chars) to send, free to read. (Like
ARPAgrams but more expensive)
Overnight letter: from you to one of their laser printing centers to
destination by noon the next day via Purolator Courier. (System will
tell you whether PC serves the area.) $6.
4-hr letter: to printer to destination within 4 hr via PC (only 15
areas now). $25.
Letter: to printer to destination via U. S. mail, usually arrives
within 24 hr. $2.
Sender (and instant mail receiver) can use any access numbers (all in
"welcome kit"). Bill comes each month with nonzero charges.
+j [The way to register is to use username REGISTER, password
REGISTER.
--JSol]
------------------------------
Date: 15 October 1983 13:51 EDT
From: Richard P. Wilkes <RICK @ MIT-MC>
Subject: FX Lines
Well, the mess continues...
From the friendly folks at C&P of Maryland:
"In accordance with the Decree, the C&P Telephone Company of MD will
be prohibited from providing your foreign exchange service after Dec.
31, 1983."
I have a FX from Baltimore to Laurel MD which puts me in the DC
calling area. They tell me that as early as Dec. 1, they will be
disconnecting my line (that is if they can't get an exclusion from the
courts).
Interestingly, they suggest that I contact AT&T, MCI, Western Union,
SPCC, or USTS after Dec. 31 for this type of service. Hmmm... what a
hassle.
I think that "good ol' days" will be remembered as the time you could
walk into a phone center store, place your order, get your phone and
books, and have the whole thing installed within days for $20. Now,
you have to place the order by phone, go to the Central Office and
wait for 2 hours (!!) behind people who haven't paid their bills in
years for a "phone representative" to give you your new phone number
and tell you that it will be two weeks before the line is connected.
Ug...
Almost makes one want to be an anti-antitrust lawyer. -r
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
17-Oct-83 17:24:50-PDT,12340;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 17-Oct-83 16:15:32
Date: 17 Oct 83 1615-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #77
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 18 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 77
Today's Topics:
1200 baud via non-Bell
Ringing my phone
Re: MCI mail sign-on
Dialing arrangements
NEED HELP with a modem (INTERTEL MCS1200)
Re: ComKey 416
If it ain't POTS, we can't deal with it. (or pre-echo of the breakup)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 16 Oct 1983 0211-PDT
From: STERNLIGHT@USC-ECL
Subject: 1200 baud via non-Bell
For some time I have been unable to get my Hayes Smartmodem 1200 to
recognize 1200 baud handshakes from either the east coast or Chicago
to Los Angeles via SPRINT. Bell works fine. It isn't the modem since
another copy of the same modem also just sits there on SPRINT. The
SPRINT people acknowledge that it's their system, which works ok at
300 but not 1200 baud. Has anyone had any luck at 1200 baud with any
other non-bell carrier coast-to-coast?
--david--
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 83 15:49:48 EDT
From: Brinton Cooper <abc@brl-bmd>
Subject: Ringing my phone
I'm sure that this has been asked before, but I wasn't around then,
so...
What are the ways which I can use to ring my own telephone
(e.g., for troubleshooting the bell)?
I think we're on some kind of ESS, but I'm not sure. We do
have foreign area exchange service, and Touch-Tone(R) works on our
lines.
Thankx,
Brint
------------------------------
Date: 16 Oct 1983 1934-PDT
Subject: Re: MCI mail sign-on
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
Terribly sorry... I neglected to put that information in my initial
message. The username and password are both 'REGISTER'
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 17 Oct 1983 0913-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Dialing arrangements
It may come as a surprise to many people that the rotary dial
arrangement in the U.S. (and most countries) is not universal. At
least Sweden and New Zealand have different dials:
Interruptions: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Digit: US 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Sweden 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
N.Z. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Does anyone know of any additional arrangements or of any other
countries which use the Swedish or New Zealand arrangements?
------------------------------
Date: Mon 17 Oct 83 05:49:37-CDT
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: NEED HELP with a modem (INTERTEL MCS1200)
I just acquired a modem, INTERTEL MCS1200 very cheaply, which I am
trying to get to work and would appreciate some help with.
Is there someone out there who either has one, has access to a manual
for it, or can give advice with the followig problem.
Note: I only have a 2 page copy of specs and description, and am
rather
ignorant with hardware.
Description: sync or async modem, operating at 1200 or 1800 Baud.
DataRate: sync at 1200 on unconditioned Type 3002 lines and 1800
on C2 conditioned Type 3002 lines.
async operation up to 1200 bps on uncond. 3002 and
1800 ... Data Format: serial sync or async (strap selected) Op.
Mode: half or full duplex, 4wire lines Carrier: switched or constant
Modulation: FSK Clear-to-Send-Delay: 0 85 + 5ms or 60 + 5ms (strap
selected) Transmit Level: 0dBm to -12dBm adjustable by calib.
potentiometer Receive Level: +5dBm to -35dBm etc.....
These are the setup and problem symptoms:
- I hook red and green phone cables to one pair of line
connectors
and connect it to the second pair with a jumper-wire
- I connect via RS-232 cable to my H/Z-100
- the indicator lites test ok
- the switch to have the modem "self-test" is "frozen" and
can't be
moved to cause a self-test.
- the indicator lights come on ok, but when I would expect to
see
the RTS and CTS lights indicate a "conversation", nothing
happens.
the lites on are: PWR, DCD, RXD.
- the jumpers look "right" as far as I can tell without
manual,
but the modem must have gotten wet as all are corroded
(that's
why I got it cheap in the first place)
Anyone with advice out there ?
Werner (UUCP: {ihnp4,ut-sally,decvax!allegra,ucbvax!nbires}
!ut-ngp!werner
or: { ut-sally , ut-ngp } !utastro!werner
ARPA: werner@utexas-20
------------------------------
Date: Mon 17 Oct 83 11:36:19-EDT
From: Gene Hastings <HASTINGS@CMU-CS-C.ARPA>
Subject: Re: ComKey 416
Random order of response...
I thought that intercom was one of the options available on
ComKey. Am I wrong? (I see no reason, personally why intercom should
be physically separate-the closest to that advice is that even Bell
operating companies sometimes use non-WE equipment, specifically to
add intercom to a 1A2 style key system [central apparatus] since the
WE version is more complicated and costly for small systems.)
I suggest you check with a few suppliers about what they have
availble. Distributors that have serious product lines include Graybar
(check for your closest)
Buckeye Telephone and Supply Co.
1800 Arlingate Lane
Columbus, Ohio 43228
614/276-8131
Famous Telephone Supply
PO Box 2172
Akron, Ohio 44309
800/321-9122
216/762-8811
TW Comcorp.
122 Cutter Mill Rd.
Great Neck, New York 11021
516/482-8100
314/569-2950
Gene
------------------------------
Date: 17 October 1983 16:57 EDT
From: Jeffrey R. Del Papa <DP @ MIT-ML>
Subject: If it ain't POTS, we can't deal with it. (or pre-echo of the
Subject: breakup)
The local operating company has reached a new low. An only slightly
complex installation order caust great amounts of pain. The order was
for the same service I had 1 year previously. (Two incoming lines, one
with unltd service and several listings, the other with message units,
a hunt group between the two, and one rented phone per line.) The
sevice was ordered in early june for installation on august 28'th. We
picked up our phone for the second line, with only minor problems.
(the service office was far worse than described, and we had to deal
with two of them.)
To our suprise, the installer showed up on the 28'th, only one day
after the strike ended. he poked around, discovered that on the three
service drops (the previous tenants ran a hifi salon out of the
apartment) one contained our secondary number, one was shorted out
back at the CO, and the third had one of the previous residents
services on it (the service was also installed at their new place.) he
straightened out the wiring, installed one jack, identified each of
the jacks as to which line they contained, and was generaly helpfull.
He claimed that the rest of the CO wiring would occur before 6pm that
day, and left.
Well of course they didn't manage to get it turned on. Calls to
repair, and the business office produced claims of: It will be turned
on by 6pm today (or occasionly tommorow), there a problem, call (the
buisness office) (repair) there is no problem, your service is
working, and finally we don't have a pair out to your area.
After one week of daily calling, someone came out and badly
misinstalled a "AML" unit on our outside wall. An aml is a two line
carrier unit that stacks two lines on one pair. the installer
neglected to install any of the weatherproofing, and of course it
didn't work. More calls to repair. great amounts of invective. Get to
know many supervisors and foremen. beat there direct phone numbers out
of directory assistance. know several of the less competent
installers by name.
Of course, when they installed the aml in the CO, they disconnected
our number from the out of service intercept. of course our old phone
was shut down, and a referal trap was put on it, and of course it
refers people to the non working primary number. Requsting that they
put our primary number back on the intercept, or on the pair we have
working, or setting the primary line busy, so the hunt circut would
forward, or changing the referal, were disregarded, "because your
service will be working by 6pm today". more invective flowed. It
rained, the AML started recieving a local radio station. I called the
sister of a coworker, that was in the regulatory section of the PUC
(mass). She had one of the people in the complaint section give me a
call. I explained the problem to the person. She failed to understand.
I got questions like "Why do you have two lines? What is a hunt group?
AML?". I handwaved a bit, and gave her my stock of names and phone
numbers. she said she would call them and get an explaination.
After two weeks had elapsed, the installation manager said that
tommorow morning we would have two supervisors, and a craftsperson out
to your house. at 8am on saturday they arrived as promised. the
craftsperson (who was the one who came out the first time.) rewired
the AML slightly, installed a battery, and flipped the switch inside
from "ship" to "operate". Winnage! two working lines. ringing even. A
promise from the buisness office to not charge for installation. a
promise to credit for message units on the non unltd. line. A claim
that the hunt relay works...
Three weeks later I call home, and get a busy signal. On a hunch, I
call the secondary line. it rings. On monday I call repair and claim
disfunction in the hunt circut. they make default promise (6pm). they
loose. on the third cycle I am told that the problem is definitely in
the CO. I tell the nice person that I knew that, and that would she
please explain why they didn't fix it. she says "a foreman will call
within 1 hour" this doesn't happen. nor does the line get fixed. On
friday of the following week, we get a call. they are going to fix it,
but they have to disconnect our service to do this. They don't
guarantee finishing before quitting time, and wouldn't we rather wait
untill tuesday, rather than risk loosing our service over the three
day weekend. we agree with them.
At 8 am tuesday, they call and tell me that they are shutting my
service off. this happens. when I return at 9pm, the service is
restored, but the hunt relay still fails. After calling on wensday, a
repair type shows up at the house on thursday and removes the aml,
changes the carbon blocks in the lightning arrestor, and reverses the
polarity on one of the lines, forcing me to go around and re-wire the
jacks so the touch tone pads work again. The repair person does not
know what a hunt group is, (after rowan explained it to him 4 times he
finally understood, and even thought it was a good idea to have them)
he called the CO and discovered that hunting does not work over AML's,
and that the service order for the office work went in at 5pm. on
friday they finally call and say that it works. they were finally
right.
I have asked the buisness office to please correct the start of
service date on our phones to reflect the date when the installation
was completed. I also asked again about the formal complaint
proceedings. They handwaved, and said they take them over the phone. I
asked for the address to send the complaint to, and about any special
forms to complain on. the person didn't know but would have a
supervisor call with the info. I wonder if it will happen.
tiredly,
Jeff
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
18-Oct-83 19:17:54-PDT,11907;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 18-Oct-83 18:00:03
Date: 18 Oct 83 1755-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #78
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Wednesday, 19 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 78
Today's Topics:
Telephone Company Unplugged.
Re: Ringing my phone
WWV toll free
Md. FX
ringing your own phone
Re: Dialing arrangements
installation of service
DC area code
Trade Unions and Competition in the U.K.
Telephones in the PRC
help with cheap 1200 baud modem
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 17 Oct 1983 21:13-PDT
Subject: Telephone Company Unplugged.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
Tiny Phone Firm Closed by State with Customers 15 Years on Hold
FRUITDALE, Ala. (AP) - This tiny town's telephone company has been
told to hang it up because state officials say some would-be callers
have been put on hold as long as 15 years waiting for a dial tone.
''This is the sorriest phone system I ever saw in my life,'' said
Billy Coaker, a Fruitdale resident who has complained for years about
the poor service. ''They ran a line to my house in September of '79.
It was four years ago, and they haven't put a phone in my house yet.''
Last Friday the Alabama Public Service Commission ordered the
Fruitdale Telephone Co. to shut down and let somebody take over the
phone business in the southwest Alabama community.
The 200 customers of the Fruitdale system live about one hour's
drive north of Mobile in a sparsely populated area where you can go
for five miles without seeing a house. The company never fully
recovered from damage inflicted by Hurricane Frederic in 1979, and
unsuccessfully sought federal loans for repairs.
The owner of the independent phone company, A. B. Miller of
Leakesville, Miss., was unavailable for comment Monday. His secretary
said he was out of town.
In Montgomery, PSC Commissioner Lynn Greer said he expects Miller
to appeal the order. It was the first time the PSC has ever voted to
shut down one of the state's 38 telephone companies.
Greer said Fruitdale's equipment was outdated, with some telephone
lines ''strung on fence posts.''
''It's been going on for years,'' Greer said. ''We've had hearing
after hearing, trying to give him a chance. Some of those people have
been waiting 15 years to get a telephone.''
Miller, who also operates the tiny Mississippi Telephone Corp.,
had about 200 customers in Alabama. He did not attend Friday's PSC
hearing.
About 700 people had signed petitions calling on the PSC and Gov.
George C. Wallace to help them get phones.
''I am most distressed at the news,'' said Robert Richard of
Montgomery, Miller's attorney. He said a decision on what action to
follow would likely be made this week after he has had a chance to
read the PSC order carefully.
The company had applied unsuccessfully for ''loan after loan'' and
was unable to serve the approximately 600 potential customers in
Washington County and northern Mobile County, Greer said.
Presumably, another independent, Millry Telephone Co., will take
over. The PSC two years ago declared the area ''open territory,''
allowing any phone company to apply for servicing the area.
''I don't know whether we have any competition or not,'' said
Millry business manager Ed Williams. Millry serves about 4,000
customers.
Two years ago, the Mississippi Public Service Commission suspended
Miller's certificate to operate in that state. The case was appealed
to the Mississippi Supreme Court, which overturned the suspension
after ruling the PSC did not give proper due process to Miller.
Recently, the Mississippi PSC suspended Miller's certificate a
second time, and Miller again has appealed the decision.
Miller has a ''few hundred'' customers in the Mississippi
Telephone Corp., which was also accused of ''poor service,'' said
Brian Ray, a Mississippi PSC spokesman.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 83 2:32:47 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: Re: Ringing my phone
They way it works around here (C&P Telephone of MD) is that there are
"ring back" exchanges. There are a few exchanges that are reserved
for these numbers, but the one that works varies from exchange to
exchange and is changed periodically. What you do is dial the speical
exchange followed by the last four digits of your telephone number.
You will get a dial tone back immediately. Hang up your telephone
momentarily and you will get a higher pitched tone. Hang up again and
the phone will ring. Exchanges that have worked in the past are (446,
958, 998, and 999). Perhaps Carl Moore can tell you which one your
exchange uses.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: 17 Oct 1983 14:18:31-PDT (Monday)
From: David Palmer <PALMER.SJRLVM4.IBM@Rand-Relay>
Subject: WWV toll free
Frank: In response to your query of some days ago, WWV can
be reached toll free at 800-957-9999.
This info came from net.ham-radio on the USENET.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 83 8:57:26 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Md. FX
Is that the 621 exchange you have in Baltimore to provide DC area
local service?
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 83 12:01:43 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: ringing your own phone
I think dialing 959-xxxx from my (Delaware area 302) phone yielded one
ring after I hung up. (I do not recall seeing 959 in use as an
exchange in the normal sense of the word in any area code.)
------------------------------
Date: 18 Oct 83 9:28:02 PDT (Tuesday)
From: Lynn.es@PARC-MAXC.ARPA
Subject: Re: Dialing arrangements
I have a phone with a dial of the 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 variety (matches
Covert's NZ dial). I was told it was European when I bought it. The
only identification on the outside is "Telegrafverket", which I
guessed to be German. Inside, the parts are marked with a script EB,
sort of run together.
I also have a phone made by Telefonfabrik Automatic in Copenhagen that
has the US order of digits on the dial.
/Don Lynn
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 83 14:38:05 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: installation of service
Recently, I moved my phone (individual line, along with secretarial
line running from central office to answering service switchboard),
and asked that the secretarial line remain connected so I could still
receive phone messages. However, I had to spend the night without any
phone service; calling my own number from another phone yielded "At
the customer's request, <number> has been temporarily disconnected."
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 83 14:41:32 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: DC area code
Someone was wondering a while ago why DC (202 area) is not among the
easiest-to-dial area codes. Notice that if a state or province has
only 1 1 area code, it is N0X; except for 201 in northern NJ, 202 is
the easiest-to-dial N0X code.
------------------------------
Date: 18 Oct 1983 1629-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Trade Unions and Competition in the U.K.
Background: Up until recently, British Telecom (currently government
owned, formerly part of the post office, separate for the last few
years, due to be sold (51%) on the London Stock Exchange soon) had a
100% monopoly on telecommunications of all types in the U.K. Now, all
of the changes that have happened in the U.S. since 1964 until now
(but not including what's happening next January) will happen in the
U.K.
Mercury is a private long distance carrier, ala MCI.
Engineer is the term used in the U.K. where we would use installer,
repairman, or craftsperson.
From an article in the October issue of Telecommunications:
British Telecom engineers have begun a campaign of industrial action
against the parent comanies of Mercury, the private telephone network.
The Post Office Engineering Union said its members would "black" all
maintenance and installation work at British Petroeum's Britannic
House headquarters, four buildings belonging to Cable and Wireless,
and the Barclays Bank computer center, all in London. The union is
opposed to the interconnection of Mercury and the public network.
------------------------------
Date: 18 Oct 1983 1836-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Telephones in the PRC
The following are a few excerpts from an article entitled "China
Improving Communications Services" by Liu Hua in Beijing (Peking),
which appeared in the October 1983 issue of Telecommunications:
China still has limited communications facilities... In the 30 or so
major Chinese cities, the supply of telephones now averages 2.1 for
every 100 persons; phone calls in these cities have only a 50 percent
chance of immediate service.
Approximately 400,000 subscribers were added in the cities during the
past two years... Shanghai alone installed more than 20,000
telephones, equalling the total added in the city during the previous
30 years.
In 1982, the southeastern province of Fujian bought a
program-controlled automated telephone exchange from Japan that can
simultaneously handle 10,000 telephone calls. Waiting time for a
telephone call from Fuzhou [the provincial capital] to Hongkong is now
nine minutes, compared to more than 20 in 1980. Fujian will soon
establish telephone communications with 41 countries and regions.
China intends to give priority to the expansion of the telephone
service in 12 big cities. This will provide service for government
offices and industrial and business establishments, expand the public
telephone service, and increase the number of private telephones. The
number of telephones for every 100 residents in the major cities will
rise from only four to 20 by the year 2000. In the rural areas, the
aim is to provide facilities for at least one subscriber in every
village.
By the year 2000, the development plan of the Ministry of Posts and
Telecommunications seeks to achieve a total of 20 million telephone
subscribers, compared with 4.2 million in 1980.
Cities above the county-seat level will gradually get automatic
dialling of long-distance calls, and in big cities, such advanced
technologies as program-controlled digital electronic exchanges,
digital transmission, and optical-fiber transmission will be used.
"We'll strive for immediate placement of international telephone
calls," said Wen Minsheng, Minister of Posts and Telecommunications.
------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Monday, 17-Oct-83 14:18:43-PDT
Subject: help with cheap 1200 baud modem
When you get things very cheaply, there's usually a good reason.
Unless you have another one of those same bizarre modems around, you
are probably out of luck. That unit runs a half-duplex protocol... it
expects a true 4-wire connection for communications in a "full-duplex"
sort of mode. It is (as far as I know) not compatible with Vadic
3400, Bell 212A, or any other 1200bps true FULL-duplex protocols.
Sorry about that.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
19-Oct-83 15:43:16-PDT,6486;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 19-Oct-83 14:21:28
Date: 19 Oct 83 1421-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #79
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Thursday, 20 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 79
Today's Topics:
trouble with Plain Old Telephone Service installation
Access Charge Delayed.
switched digits
MCI Mail dial-up
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Monday, 17-Oct-83 19:18:12-PDT
Subject: trouble with Plain Old Telephone Service installation
Gee, I don't see what you're complaining about! That sounded like a
perfectly ordinary course of events to me...
Now, if you want to hear some *real* tales, someday I'll tell you
about the 4 wire leased lines I used to have to a friend's house, or
what happened when I ordered two FX lines into a General Telephone
service area when I was served by PacTel! I'll give you a clue:
getting (and keeping) those circuits running has involved the use of
pentagrams and powdered bat wing, and much chanting during the full
moon...
--Lauren--
------------------------------
Date: 19 Oct 1983 01:09-PDT
Subject: Access Charge Delayed.
From: the tty of Geoffrey S. Goodfellow
Reply-to: Geoff@SRI-CSL
a023 2316 18 Oct 83 PM-Telephone Bills, Bjt,490 Phone Bill Hike
Delayed; But So Is Long-Distance Reduction By NORMAN BLACK Associated
Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - The Federal Communications Commission is giving
consumers an unexpected three-month reprieve from new telephone fees
that had been scheduled to take effect Jan. 1.
The reprieve from paying a $2-a-month ''access charge,'' however,
was accompanied by some bad news - the FCC is also delaying an average
10.5 percent reduction in interstate long-distance rates proposed by
the American Telephone & Telegraph Co.
The commission voted unanimously Tuesday to delay from Jan. 1
until April 3 the implementation of both the new access fees and the
long-distance rate cuts. Agency officials said the delay was necessary
because they needed more time to investigate the long-distance rate
reductions and other changes that were scheduled to accompany the
payment of the $2 monthly fee by consumers.
Jack D. Smith, chief of the FCC's common carrier bureau, said, for
example, the agency might want to order AT&T to make an even larger
long-distance rate reduction.
Smith also cited the need to investigate a proposed AT&T rate
increase for private business lines; the imposition of a 75-cent
charge for long-distance information calls, and a series of other fees
to be charged long-distance telephone companies for access to local
switches.
Smith and Jerald N. Fritz, the chief of the FCC's tariff division,
both stressed the delay would not affect the scheduled Jan. 1 breakup
of AT&T. The company is required by an antitrust settlement to give up
its 22 Bell System operating companies and that process is being
overseen by a federal judge.
Both also stressed the FCC is not considering any changes to the
order it adopted earlier this summer establishing the principle that
consumers should begin paying the new monthly fees.
''Our access rules aren't being changed,'' Fritz said. ''The
question is the way the telephone industry proposed to apply our rules
...''
The imposition of the new access fees and the proposed reduction
in long-distance rates are bound together because the FCC is trying to
eliminate a subsidy system that has existed for decades. Under that
system, AT&T's long-distance rates have been kept artificially high to
produce money to hold down local telephone rates; currently, the
subsidy is an estimated $10.7 billion.
The FCC maintains the subsidy should be gradually removed from
long-distance rates and shifted to all local telephone customers in
the form of monthly access fees. In effect, all customers would be
expected to help make the payments instead of just those who place
long-distance calls.
The fees would start at $2 a month for residential customers and a
maximum $6 a month for business customers, but would gradually rise
over the next six years to a projected $6-to-$8 a month. The
commission maintains the change is needed to spur competition and to
lower long-distance rates as a means of discouraging large
corporations from building private phone systems.
ap-ny-10-19 0218EDT ***************
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 83 10:49:34 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: switched digits
Is it possible for the system to reverse 2 digits which you dialed
correctly? (E.g., you dialed "47" but it was interpreted as "74".)
------------------------------
Date: 19 Oct 1983 0606-PDT
Subject: MCI Mail dial-up
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
I tried calling the 800-323-7751 number for the MCI Mail registry, and
got a data tone, but it wouldn't produce carrier-detect on my 1200 bps
Vadic VA3434. Doesn't seem right to me that a public-access data
dial-up should be so picky about what equipment it can talk to.
Modems that respond to both Bell and Vadic type signals aren't that
much more expensive than those that talk Bell alone, and a
common-carrier type of service should interface to any common
varieties of equipment. Vadic is pretty widespread, after all; it's
not like I was expecting them to interface with a one-of-a-kind
homebrew hodgepodge.
I can see such limitations on a hobbyist's CBBS system, but not on a
public-access nationwide system. I called the 800-MCI-CALL number to
ask about this, and they said that ther was no plan to support
anything but Bell 212A for 1200 bps. (It's HARD to dial using letters
when you are used to numbers -- interesting psychological sidenote
there...)
Maybe I'm wrong about how "normal" the Vadic mode is; after all, it is
what we have here, so it's common to me, but maybe it isn't so common
to the rest of the world. Am I justified in expecting support for
this mode from a public data resource, or am I demanding more than is
reasonable?
Will Martin
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
20-Oct-83 16:39:24-PDT,10851;000000000000
Return-path: <TELECOM-Request@USC-ECLC>
Mail-From: JSOL created at 20-Oct-83 15:25:17
Date: 20 Oct 83 1524-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #80
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Friday, 21 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 80
Today's Topics:
Telegrafverket
Re: MCI Mail dial-up
"Poor" Southwestern Bell getting closer to double basic phone cost
800 9xx-9999
RE Re Bell Breakup
Re: MCI Mail dial-up
new ringing signal
Re: MCI Mail dial-up
Tone and voice input and output
MCI Mail
Vadic 3400 protocol on MCIMAIL
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 19 Oct 1983 1831-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: Telegrafverket
Telegrafverket is definitely neither German nor Danish. The telephone
portion of the Swedish PTT is called Televerket; I suspect
Telegrafverket is Norwegian. I had heard that Norwegian dials were
different, but I had no confirmation.
Thanks/John
------------------------------
Date: 19 Oct 1983 1552-PDT
Subject: Re: MCI Mail dial-up
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
I called it with my VA3451 and it communicated just fine. In VA3400
format, I think. You musta gotten a bad connection.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: Thu 20 Oct 83 06:33:07-CDT
From: Werner Uhrig <CMP.WERNER@UTEXAS-20.ARPA>
Subject: "Poor" Southwestern Bell getting closer to double basic phone
Subject: cost
$910 MILLION INCREASE RECOMMENDED FOR BELL
-------------------------------------------- (from the Austin American
Statesman)
(AP) The staff for the Public Utility Commission recommended a rate
increase of nearly $910 million for Southwestern Bell Telephone Co.
Monday. The telephone company had initially asked for an increase of
nearly twice that amount - $1.7 billion.
Southwestern Bell vice president Paul Roth called the staff proposal
"more realistic" than recommendations made by others involved in the
case, but said it still "falls short."
The company asked for the record rate increase in June, saying it
needed more money than ever because it must break away from its parent
firm, AT&T, and stand alone next year.
The staff recommendation will be considered by the commission after
hearings, which begin Monday and are expected to last at least eight
weeks. The hearing examiners will make their recommendations, and a
final decision in the case is not expected before March, said
commission representative Rick Hainline. (end of article)
--------------------- (begin of comment)
it seems more and more as if the break-up is being handled in
a way
more "in the best interest" of the phone company, rather than
the
public. Noone disputes seriously, that the break-up was
desired by
Bell in the first place, to be able to participate in the
lucrative
computer-related market, and get out of the "doomed"
investment of
lots of "lots of twisted pairs". I "gloomily" predict, that
cable-TVs
coax is going to make the "wire" obsolete, and that then the
public is
going to get stuck with buying out the "worthless" local
phone-line,
because "there was a promise of a continued reasonable profit"
made
to the investors who own the phone companies. (I hope that I
am wrong)
Anyway, it makes no sense to me that the minimal cost of gas,
water,
and electricity, all are less than for phone. Shouldn't all
that
automisation, computerisation , glass-fibers, digital
encoding, etc,
make phones cheaper rather than more expensive ? I'd expect
that with
more automization, costs for running the service should be
less, and
the increased cost of creating facilities and lines for new
customers
should NOT lead to an increase of service costs to all.
Anyway, I
wished we would only pay the phone company for providing the
service
and pay (and own) for the hardware ourselves, bundled into the
house
mortgage. still looking for a better and cheaper way ...
---Werner (@utexas-20.ARPA or @ut-ngp.UUCP)
------------------------------
Date: 20 Oct 1983 0755-EDT
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: 800 9xx-9999
I don't expect 800 957-9999 to continue reaching WWV for very long
after the appropriate people at Bell realize that revenue is being
lost.
It looks like some hacker put in several pointers to various time and
weather numbers using the format 800 9xx-9999.
------------------------------
From: ittral!monti%ittvax@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Date: 19 Oct 83 03:26:35 EDT (Wed)
From: decvax!ittvax!ittral!monti@BRL-BMD.ARPA
Subject: RE Re Bell Breakup
This little note is to Brint Cooper (CTAB) abc@brl-bmd. Your comment
of: ... The instruments which purchase for rather inflated prices are
not nearly so durable and reliable as those made and severly tested by
Western Electric..... is not totally correct. There several companies
putting out telephone apparatus that are as well made as westerns
handware because several telephones that Bell Stores are selling and
are going to sell are made by other U.S. firms. The ITT telephones
are made and tested to the same standards as westerns' telephones and
the operating companies will be buying a lot of them come the first of
the year. And apparently the price is right as well. So I suggest
you do a little looking at the telephony industry before you make
"blanket" statements about quality and price. I do agree that some of
the Japanese and European telephones are not worth whatever they're
sold for. They're pure junk and I hope the public looks at a lot of
telephones and especially
--tests-- them before buying them because they will be upset expecting
a western quailty telephone for $19.95.
Jim Monti
ITT Telecom
Raleigh, NC
decvax!ittvax!ittral!
------------------------------
Date: 20 Oct 1983 0628-PDT
Subject: Re: MCI Mail dial-up
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
A 3451 is a triple modem; it handles Bell 212A, Bell 103, and Vadic
3400 type modes. The 3434 handles Vadic 3400 and (I think) Bell 103
modes only.
So yours was working as a 212A.
(I had tried this dial-up repeatedly before I called them and then
sent that message.)
Will Martin
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 83 12:02:39 EDT
From: cmoore@brl-vld
Subject: new ringing signal
The ringing signal on incoming calls to 302-731 (Newark, Del.)
recently changed (no insert yet in phone bill) to the ring I normally
associate with electronic exchanges. Does that mean that such
exchange has indeed gone electronic? (Is it true that some
non-electronic exchanges have IDDD?) Up to this point, by the way,
people on 731, 737, 738 who want call holding, etc., had to change (no
charge) to 366,368,453,454. When this happened, the old number was
given an intercept to last for 3 months or until the next directory
came out, whichever was later. (Newark has had both electronic &
nonelectronic together, and a change as mentioned just above was
possible for someone keeping the same address.)
------------------------------
Date: 20 Oct 1983 0952-PDT
Subject: Re: MCI Mail dial-up
From: Ian H. Merritt <MERRITT@USC-ISIB.ARPA>
I am not so sure it was operating as 212A. I can call the dial-up and
check, but from the time it took to accept carrier, I think it was a
3400 carrier. You will recall that the negotiation process uses
several delays to decide what it is talking to. Also, the connection
was relatively clean, not typical of 212A on longish halls. Even so,
it DID work at 1200 baud. If you still can't talk to it, perhaps you
are right about the 212A format, but it should work just fine at 300.
One other point was that the 1200 baud mode of operation expects 2
consequtive carriage return characters for auto- baud.
<>IHM<>
------------------------------
Date: 20 Oct 83 12:04:28 CDT (Thu)
From: jacobson@wisc-rsch (Fred M Jacobson)
Subject: Tone and voice input and output
I have a flyer from Computalker describing their CompuFone S-100
board. A summary:
Telephone Interface
* FCC Approved
* Initiate and Answer Phone Calls
* Trunk Status Detector
* Touch-Tone (R) Generator
* Touch-Tone (R) Decoder
Voice Digitizer
* Record Speech from telephone, MIKE IN, or LINE IN
* Speech Storage: hardware data compression to and from
RAM and disk
* Speech Output: reproduce speech and send to telephone
or LINE OUT
* Rates: 1.25, 2, 2.5, 3, or 4 Kbytes/sec
It costs $995 (plus $20 for software on CP/M 8" SD, more for other
formats). The manual (included with the board) alone costs $30. For
details:
Computalker
1730 21st Street
Santa Monica, CA 90404
(213) 828-6546
------------------------------
Date: 20 Oct 1983 1243-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: MCI Mail
I called MCI mail on my '3434 and it indeed does not respond to VADIC
carrier. Only Bell 103 and Bell 212A.
I guess MCI could have established a policy that VADIC is dead, and
Bell is the way to go (I'm sure AT&T would be happy about said
decision). MIT-OZ used the reverse logic saying that if VADIC is dead,
most people will not have VADIC modems, hence they will use VADICs to
keep randoms off their dialups!
------------------------------
Date: Thu 20 Oct 83 13:48:24-PDT
From: David Roode <ROODE@SRI-NIC>
Subject: Vadic 3400 protocol on MCIMAIL
Location: EJ286 Phone: (415) 859-2774
The problem is that the modems to implement triple protocol are 2-3
times as expensive as the Bell 212A ones. If Vadic would cut the
price from $895 or so to $395 or so, then this difference would be
more manageable.
The best argument to use with MCI MAIL might be "Well, GTE Telemail
supports Vadic 3400 protocol." The problem is that things are
probably too far along to be changed.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
21-Oct-83 19:17:01-PDT,4424;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 21 Oct 83 19:12:31-PDT
Date: 21 Oct 83 1609-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #81
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Saturday, 22 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 81
Today's Topics:
Archive moved (again)
MCI Mail dial-up
Md. FX
followup on self-ringing
Re: MCI Mail dial-up
Vadic vs. 212
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 20 Oct 1983 1737-PDT
From: Jon Solomon <JSol@USC-ECLC>
Subject: Archive moved (again)
Once again, due to disk space limitations here, the archive file
TELECOM.RECENT has been moved. The new location is SRI-CSL (which
supports ANONYMOUS FTP login). This means that all archives now live
at SRI-CSL.
--JSol
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 83 21:22:28 EDT
From: Margot <Flowers@YALE.ARPA>
Subject: MCI Mail dial-up
I tried calling the 800-323-7751 number for the MCI Mail
registry, and got a data tone, but it wouldn't produce
carrier-detect on my 1200 bps Vadic VA3434.
Even though I was using a Bell 212A modem (UDS line powered), I also
had trouble connecting to them at first. I got only garbage on the
screen until I reset the parity bits on the dipswitches on the back of
the terminal I was using (Televideo 950, as I remember the manual
called that setting something like "space, no parity" -- I don't have
it here to check.)
I called the 800-MCI-CALL number to ask about this, and they
said that ther was no plan to support anything but Bell 212A
for 1200 bps.
They told me they supported "anything", including Bell 212. However,
most of the people at 800-MCI-MAIL don't seem to be too informed about
the technical details, i.e. the other ones I had talked to didn't know
what "protocol" or "Bell 212" was, but they glibly told me they
supported "ascii". There is a technical problems phone number they
display to you when you log on but I neglected to write it down.
------------------------------
Date: 21 October 1983 00:01 EDT
From: Richard P. Wilkes <RICK@mit-mc>
Subject: Md. FX
Yes. It is out of "Laurel." Have any alternatives? -r
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 83 8:10:37 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: followup on self-ringing
959 does not now yield ringing of my phone on 302-731, which recently
went to different ringing signal. I checked my notes (derived from
AT&T tape) for Md., and found that 446, 958, 998, and 999 are all
omitted. This is consistent with their being used for self-ringing.
------------------------------
Date: 21 Oct 1983 0612-PDT
Subject: Re: MCI Mail dial-up
From: WMartin at Office-3 (Will Martin)
When I talked to the people at 800-MCI-CALL about the Vadic support
business, the first person I talked with was probably marketing or
clerical, and not aware of the technical details or issues. However,
they connected me with a person who identified herself as "technical
support staff" or something like that, and seemed to know what I (and
she) was talking about. I didn't note her name, sorry.
Will Martin
------------------------------
From: vortex!lauren at RAND-UNIX
Date: Friday, 21-Oct-83 02:18:05-PDT
Subject: Vadic vs. 212
Of course, a Vadic triple modem calling a 212 will (by necessity)
communicate in 212 protocol. Interestingly, when a Vadic triple calls
ANOTHER Vadic triple, it will ALSO talk 212! This is a consequence of
the sequencing algorithm used to differentiate between 103, 212, and
VA3400-style protocols.
It is easy to differentiate between VA3400 and 212 protocols by
listening to the phone line. VA3400 sounds much like a plain old 103
-- 2 distinct carrier tones, and data can be clearly heard as distinct
sound units. The 212 protocol sounds more like continuous white noise
-- no distinct data sound units can be heard. This effect is caused
by the scrambling algorithm used by the 212's.
--Lauren--
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
22-Oct-83 18:28:04-PDT,6638;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 22 Oct 83 18:20:29-PDT
Date: 22 Oct 83 1812-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #82
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Sunday, 23 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 82
Today's Topics:
Ringing your phone
Re: "Ring back" numbers
MCI Mail
VADIC Modems
TELTONE DTMF Receivers
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 83 07:39:21 EST
From: <ECN.davy@PURDUE.ARPA>
Subject: Ringing your phone
Around here (Lafayette, IN), we only have two ESS exchanges, the rest
are some sort of "mechanical" type. On the old ones, the way to ring
your own phone is to dial 115 and then your phone number. You get a
busy signal, hang up, your phone rings, and you get a clicking noise
when you pick up. Dialing 115 is the method used for dialing another
party on your party line. I don't believe this method works on the
ESS exchanges.
On my exchange (ESS), I can ring my phone simply by dialing my phone
number. I get a busy signal, hang up, and the phone rings. The other
"fun" numbers, such as tone generators, a voice that recites your
phone number back to you, etc. all seem to be 423-12XX where the XX
varies, and 423 is my exchange. I suppose these numbers vary from
place to place, but you might try -1210, -1208, -1202.
I could tell horror stories about GTE trying to install this ESS
stuff, but I haven't got time to type in that much. Leave it go at
the thing was supposed to be in by Dec. '81, finally was installed in
May '83, and still crashes for unknown reasons. Call forwarding and
all those other neat options are still unavailable.
--Dave Curry pur-ee!davy eevax.davy@purdue
------------------------------
Date: 21 Oct 83 23:50:17 EDT
From: Don <WATROUS@RUTGERS.ARPA>
Subject: Re: "Ring back" numbers
I learned about this back in the late 50's. Most places around North
Jersey, I've been able to get a ring back by dialing one of (550, 551,
552, ... - stopping before 555) followed by the last four digits of
your number until you get a dial tone. To this dial tone you hang up
briefly once or twice (like trying to get back to an operator), and
you get a single tone. Hang up and your phone rings. Pick up and you
get the tone. Flash the hook again (phone acknowledges with a break
in the tone) and you can get another ringback. This works for party
lines also (dialing the other party's last four digits). I remember
we used to get great delight doing this to a grouch down the
street....
Don
------------------------------
Date: 22 October 1983 02:46 edt
From: Dehn.DEHN at MIT-MULTICS
Subject: MCI Mail
Well, I finally got my "Welcome Kit" (they said 7-10 days, and sure
enough, it took 10 days; they apparently had more people signing up
than they were really ready for).
Anyway, some observations:
1) I wonder how the typical letter-writer is going to react to the
apparent complexity of the system. It is not that it is really
complex (the documentation seems pretty clear, and anyone who has used
computer mail and a text editor before will find nothing new), but it
is an order of magnitude more complex than using the phone system or
the U.S. Postal Service. Anyone who is intimidated by ZIP+4 will be
overwhelmed by the number of identifiers and codes involved (only some
of which are needed to send a message, of course):
a user name (for logging in)
a password (for logging in)
a unique "MCI Mail ID" (numeric)
a customer number (for billing)
another password (defaults to mother's maiden name) for
telephone queries
local access telephone number
2)There is no mention in the documentation about privacy, other than
warnings to keep your password secret. There is a prohibition against
transmitting "material which constitutes an infringement of any
copyright or trademark or a violation of Section 223 of the
Communications Act...". It doesn't say if they consider it OK to
police this by looking at your messages. It doesn't say whether they
keep copies of your messages on "backup" tapes.
3) I was really surprised that there seems to be no connection between
MCI Mail and the long distance service. No clever sharing of local
access numbers. Apparently two separate bills, in two separate
envelopes (on top of the fact that it is not clear why either of them
need to be in envelopes now that I have this new electronic mailbox).
Nothing in the Welcome Kit even invites you to find out about the long
distance service.
4) Some of the aspects of the user interface seem likely to run into
scaling-up problems. For example, if you specify a recipient name
that is not unique, it gives you a list of the possibilities. If you
say "Smith", you get all the Smiths in the whole country. (Right now
there seem to be only 20.)
-jwd3
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 83 15:42:57 EDT
From: Ron Natalie <ron@brl-vgr>
Subject: VADIC Modems
The University of Maryland bought some Vadic modems from a different
company who took the VADIC two ways and converted them into three
ways. The price was comperable with the two way price. VADIC took
legal action over this.
-Ron
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 83 11:10:56 pdt
From: jlapsley%D.CC@Berkeley
Subject: TELTONE DTMF Receivers
I recently came across a product anouncement from Teltone
Corporation, which described their new line of DTMF decoders. These
are all one chip devices, most requiring only a +5 volt power supply
and an external osc- illator. The amazing thing is their prices:
$24.75 for their M-957 chip, which is a DTMF only decoder (they also
make pulse decoders), has dial tone immunity, runs on either +12 or +5
volts, is CMOS, and has binary data outputs. All contained in a 22
pin DIP. If you're interested, ask for data sheets.
Teltone Corporation
P.O. Box 657
10801 120th Avenue Northeast
Kirkland, Washington 98033-0657
(206) 827-9626
Phil
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************
24-Oct-83 16:01:59-PDT,8703;000000000000
Return-path: <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Received: from USC-ECLC by SRI-CSL via DDN; 24 Oct 83 15:51:26-PDT
Date: 24 Oct 83 1550-PDT
From: Jon Solomon (the Moderator) <Telecom-Request@USC-ECLC>
Reply-to: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
Subject: TELECOM Digest V3 #83
To: TELECOM@USC-ECLC
TELECOM Digest Tuesday, 25 Oct 1983 Volume 3 : Issue 83
Today's Topics:
RE: self-ringing
MCI Mail
MCI Mail
Modem Quality
Ring-Backs
Re: what is...
area code notes, N.E.Md.
Voice message systems
Why is there no command to turn off call waiting?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Oct 1983 20:02:31-PDT
From: Robert P Cunningham <cunningh@Nosc>
Reply-to: cunningh@Nosc
Subject: RE: self-ringing
Another thing to try, that actually works in some areas, occasionally
even with business lines, is to dial your own number. If you get the
message "you're trying to call someone who shares your party line..."
then all you have to do is hang up at that point, and your phone will
ring.
If you get the message, it will work even if you don't have a party
line.
This works on all residential lines, and many business lines in my
state (Hawaii, serviced by Hawaiian Telephone, a GTE company). I'm not
sure why, and I don't know where else it works.
Bob Cunningham Hawaii Institute of Geophysics
------------------------------
Date: 23 Nov 1983 0210-EST
From: John R. Covert <RSX-DEV at DEC-MARLBORO>
Subject: MCI Mail
I, too, finally received my welcome kit.
So far, I'm not terribly impressed; I've expressed some of my concerns
to the mail user "MCIHELP" -- a free address. We'll see what sort of
replies I get back.
Concerns I've reported:
The list of phone numbers does not include the 800 number. I'm not
local to any of the dialups listed. I hope that the 800 number will
remain in service.
I'm concerned about the behaviour of the "delete" key. I'd like them
to accept both "delete" and "control/h", since I am very used to
typing "delete" for corrections. But even if they can't, what they do
when I accidentally type "delete" is bizarre. Control/H DOESN'T WORK
AFTER THAT!
I've asked about the "advanced" category which presumably allows me to
bypass the menus (which I will soon grow tired of). From the
documentation provided, it appears that it may cost extra, because it
MAY (repeat MAY -- the documentation is not clear) be coupled with a
"storage" option which costs $10 per month.
Concerns I've not reported:
Since it is a VMS system, it would be nice for users to be able to use
EDT instead of the rather primitive line oriented editor. I've been
beyond that technology for over ten years.
Also, since it is a VMS system, and since I have a DEC PC-350, I'd
like to be able to use the professional file transfer utility to send
in the text of messages or to retrieve messages sent to me -- this
would eliminate the noise problem (which has often been quite severe
when I've been communicating with them).
MCI lists its obligations to its customers, which seem to be to
deliver mail -- but then says that it is not liable for any loss,
misdelivery, (or apparently anything else) caused even by its own
negligence.
It is also interesting to note that both overnight and four-hour
letters require someone to be there. This is really not surprising,
since MCI is not allowed to drop things into mailboxes. But what
happens if the addressee is out for a few minutes at just the wrong
time?
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 83 02:12:18 PDT
From: jmrubin%UCBCORAL.CC@Berkeley (Joel Rubin)
Subject: MCI Mail
It seems to me that one potential question about MCI Mail is just what
it will be able to carry. Obviously, it can't carry a 64K RAM chip or
your grandaunt's knit sweater ("Beam me up, Scotty!") but can it
carry
1) money (as in telegraph money transfers)
2) legal authorization/agreement (at the level of signature or
notarized signature)
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 83 01:47:31 EST
From: <ECN.malcolm@PURDUE.ARPA>
Subject: Modem Quality
Has anybody ever seen a comparison of the available 300 and 1200
modems that talks about their error rates? My phone is connected to a
very old and noisey GTE exchange and I am hesitant to just go out and
order any old modem. I have a good Bell 103 modem and never see
errors when dialing into local computers. Can I expect the same with
any of the available 212 modems?
Are there any standards of comparison? I would love to see a graph of
bit-error rate vs the Signal-to-Noise ratio on the line.
Malcolm Slaney
Purdue EE Dept.
{decvax,ucbvax}!pur-ee!malcolm
mgs@purdue
------------------------------
Date: 23 Oct 1983 19:00 EDT (Sun)
From: Paul Fuqua <PF@MIT-XX>
Subject: Ring-Backs
Here's a ring-back method I haven't read yet: when I was a
little kid, "everybody" knew that the way to make the phone ring was
to dial either 44041 or 44011, then hang up. I doubt this method will
work anywhere else, though. The exchanges we used were 214-239 and
214-233, both rather old (23 is AD which stands for Addison, the
location) and without any call-waiting or
-forwarding capabilities (had to switch to 214-661 to get them).
Oddly enough, in that city (Dallas), one dials 1411 for Information,
not 411, and 744-4444 for police/fire/ambulance (744 is the Dallas
city government exchange). Apparently, the cost of changing the
system to allow use of 911, 411, 611 (all the easy numbers of Boston)
is prohibitive.
pf
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 83 7:58:29 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: Re: what is...
N=any single digit EXCEPT 0 or 1 X=any single digit INCLUDING 0 and 1
The above is what was intended when I said "N0X". With a few
exceptions, N0X and N1X are used only as area codes, with prefixes
(the next 3 digits after area code) having the form NNX. In the
following areas, prefixes are NXX instead of NNX: 212 New York City
(to be split into 212/718 in 1984) 213 Los Angeles area (to be split
into 213/818 in 1984) 312 Chicago area
"Ease of dialing" refers to the amount of dial-turning necessary if
you are using a ROTARY (not pushbutton) phone. The 3 area codes given
above are the easiest to dial.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 83 9:22:18 EDT
From: Carl Moore (VLD/VMB) <cmoore@brl-vld>
Subject: area code notes, N.E.Md.
Oct. 1983 Northeastern Md. call guide shows the 2 splits of the last
12 months: 714/619 in California and 713/409 in Texas. It also has
footnote attached to 212 New York City: "Effective mid-1984 Brooklyn,
Queens and Staten Island 718 Manhattan and the Bronx 212". However,
there is no note about 213/818 split in California, which occurs
before 212/718 split in NYC.
------------------------------
Date: 24 Oct 1983 06:25-PDT
Subject: Voice message systems
From: AFDSC, The Pentagon <Geoffrey C. Mulligan@BRL.ARPA>
Reply-to: geoffm@sri-csl
Does anyone know what companies sell voice message systems?
geoff
------------------------------
Date: 19 Oct 83 22:35:08 PDT (Wed)
From: sun!gnu@Berkeley (John Gilmore)
Subject: Why is there no command to turn off call waiting?
It occurred to me about three seconds after my first "call waiting"
disconnection that the solution is to provide a command that would
turn it off and on from your phone. No big deal, right? Allocate one
more bit and flip it off an on. This was in 1977 and I don't think Ma
Bell has gotten around to thinking of it yet...
(By "command" I mean a tone sequence like the ones you use to set up
speed calling numbers, of course. You could turn it off before
dialing your computer. It would be harder if computers called you,
since you'd be in the middle of receiving the call by the time you
knew you wanted call waiting off. The command could be one-time-only,
too; that way you won't leave your phone in "no call waiting" state
forever.)
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest
*********************