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- Date: Tue, 12 Jul 94 22:50:00 -0500
- From: dave.leibold@superctl.tor250.org (Dave Leibold)
- Subject: Update to Country Codes intro
- Reply-To: dave.leibold@superctl.tor250.org
-
-
- Detailed Country Code Listings for the TELECOM Digest Archives
- July 1994
-
- Detailed country code listings are available via the Internet courtesy of
- the TELECOM Digest Archives. These may be found at site lcs.mit.edu in the
- subdirectory telecom-archives/country.codes. Not only are the country codes
- listed, but also area codes within each country where applicable.
-
- The list is designed to list the nationally significant area codes. Local
- information such as exchanges within a country's area code are not listed
- except in special instances. Some nations do not use area codes, but rather
- the local number represents the complete national number. In a few cases,
- these lists may show the initial digits of the phone number that determine
- the particular city or region.
-
- Format
-
- The lists are broken up into files representing each world numbering
- zone (i.e. country codes beginning with 2 are in one file, country
- codes beginning with 3 are in another, etc). The zones are as follows:
-
- 1 - North America (Canada, USA, most Caribbean nations)
- 2 - Africa
- 3 and 4 - Europe
- 5 - South/Latin America
- 6 - Oceana including South Pacific
- 7 - Russia, Ukraine, most other ex-Soviet nations
- 8 - East Asia
- 9 - Middle East, western and southern portions of Asia
-
- Note that some exceptions exist to the world numbering zones. Greenland has
- country code 299, in the Africa country code series. This is due to the lack
- of available country codes in the European and North America zones, thus a
- country code was assigned from the nearest available zone.
-
- In the country.codes subdirectory on lcs.mit.edu (TELECOM Digest Archives)
- the lists will appear as separate files for each zone. Some zones are
- subdivided into separate files due to the amount of information involved
- in some cases. The UK (country code 44) has its own file, for instance.
- File names in the Archives directory listing will reflect the zones,
- and indicate ranges of country codes where the zones had to be subdivided.
-
- The lists are ordered first by country code, then by area code within the
- country (for international dialing purposes, without any long distance
- access prefixes for domestic use), then ordered by place names.
-
- In some cases, more than one place name is represented per line for given
- area codes. This is done to conserve space, especially where a country has
- many area codes and places represented. In such cases, the place names are
- generally listed alphabetically, and can be found on a text search or through
- such utilities as (in Unix) "grep".
-
- Limitations, Disclaimers and Conditions
-
- The listings are incomplete in certain areas; conversely, it may seem to be
- very complete for some nations. This reflects the availability of detailed
- telephone information for particular countries. In some cases, time
- constraints did not permit complete listings at this time, especially when an
- abundance of detailed information was available. Assistance in filling in
- such gaps or correcting outdated information would be appreciated; please
- use one of the contact e-mail addresses listed below. Not everything was
- treated consistently in the list, either, owing much to the aforementioned
- discrepancies and time constraints in compiling the lists.
-
- ********************************* NOTE **********************************
- * This listing is subject to changes or errors in source or compilation *
- * and is particularly subject to the numbering plan overhauls which are *
- * taking place in many nations. *
- * *
- * This is a volunteer effort, and not an official list, the authors *
- * assume no liability for errors or omissions; use at your own risk. *
- *************************************************************************
-
- These lists were compiled for the benefit of the Internet community, the
- computer community at large, and especially for TELECOM Digest readers.
- These lists may be freely distributed for non-commercial or individual use.
- For-profit use or commercial reproduction will require permission from the
- list compilers.
-
- Features and Notes on the Lists
-
- Some countries do not have area codes, but rather the local number is
- the unique national number. A * designator appears with such country
- codes, indicating that no area code precedes the given (local) number
- (i.e. dial international access code, then country code, then number only).
-
- In few cases (France, Cuba) a main area code such as 1 needs to be dialed
- before a number in the main metropolitan area (Paris, Havana) but no area
- code would be needed for points elsewhere in the country. (Note that France
- is expected to change its numbering plan to assign area codes to areas
- outside of Paris.)
-
- The area/city codes listed are provided as they would be used in international
- dialing to the points concerned. That is, any domestic leading access codes
- are not listed (e.g. 071 STD code in the UK would be listed under country code
- 44 as 71, rather than 071, with the common '0' STD access code removed).
-
- Some countries have completely revised their domestic dialing systems, or are
- about to, thus many STD codes available in previous years have changed or are
- no longer available. Notes are included in the listings where appropriate.
-
- Spellings of place names is complicated by various spellings for given places,
- often due to spelling within the language group of that place, or due to
- varying renderings of place names when translated. The place names listed were
- ones that would be deemed most familiar or plausible. In some cases, a listing
- in an English-language directory was accepted as a suitable spelling,
- especially if that directory came from the nation concerned. In a few cases,
- the Encyclopaedia Britannica or the Times Atlas was used to resolve a few
- place names. There are a few entries such as "Lisbon (Lisboa)" or "Prague
- (Praha)" where the common spellings are different domestically and
- internationally. Meanwhile, there are often changes to community names;
- while these are updated whenever possible, it is possible that some listings
- may use former place names.
-
-
- Credits
-
- Much of the information was distilled from various telephone and classified
- directories and information posted on TELECOM Digest. Telephone directories
- from such places as Toronto, the UK and other international points were
- helpful. Sometimes an English-language business classified directory was
- available that could list the various STD codes for a country. The Hotel
- & Travel Index and OAG Travel Planner also provided some leads for area/STD
- codes. Some international calling listings from AT&T and Stentor (Telecom
- Canada), Teleglobe and BT were also helpful in verifying area codes.
-
-
- Thanks to the following for their contributions:
-
- Nigel Allen (ndallen@io.org)
- Andreas Birgerson (Andreas.Birgerson@p1.f407.n200.z2.fidonet.org)
- Serdar Boztas (serdar@fawlty8.eng.monash.edu.au)
- Richard Budd
- Warren Burstein (reviewed Israel codes)
- Dr. Aivars Celmins (celms@brl.mil)
- Jason Childers (childeja@UDAVXB.oca.udayton.edu)
- John Covert (previous work done on country code listings)
- Thomas Diessel (diessel@informatik.unibw-muenchen.de)
- David Esan (de@moscom.com)
- J. Gao (an extra China STD code)
- Paul Gillingwater (paul@hp4at.eunet.co.at)
- Bob Goudreau (some general corrections, observations)
- Gymnazium Praha-9 Class 4I (PROSEK@cspgas11.bitnet)
- Gert Jervan (gert@elis.va.ttu.ee)
- Ben Kinchant (New Zealand information)
- David Lemson (lemson@uiuc.edu)
- Manuel Moguilevsky (Argentina; South American help)
- Erik Thomas Mueller (etm@email.teaser.com)
- A. Satish Pai (Pai-Satish@cs.yale.edu)
- Valdo Praust (valdo@berta.ioc.ee)
- Werenfried Spit (SPIT@vm.ci.uv.es)
- David Wilson (david@cs.uow.edu.au, Australian information)
- Frank Vance (fvance@wg.wail.com)
- Gerben P Vos (gpvos@cs.vu.nl, Netherlands comments)
-
- There are likely others who have contributed directly or indirectly to the
- list. Anyone who was omitted from the credits is encouraged to contact
- one of the e-mail addresses below so that such omissions may be rectified.
- Credits also appear in the lists themselves for those who submitted
- information on particular countries.
-
-
- Correspondence
-
- For any correspondence regarding these country code listings including
- updates to information, corrections or suggestions, please send e-mail
- directly to Carl Moore (cmoore@BRL.MIL) or David Leibold (Fidonet 1:250/730
- (david.leibold@f730.n250.z1.fidonet.org) or djcl@io.org). Occasional updates
- are expected to appear in the TELECOM Digest archives as new or improved
- information can be compiled. As this is a voluntary undertaking, updates
- cannot be provided on any fixed schedule, and are often for one world
- zone at a time.
-
-
-