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<text id=89TT0310>
<link 93HT0869>
<link 91TT1967>
<link 90TT2502>
<title>
Jan. 30, 1989: The Shaky Fortunes Of Gorby Inc.
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
The New USSR And Eastern Europe
Jan. 30, 1989 The Bush Era Begins
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
WORLD, Page 37
SOVIET UNION
The Shaky Fortunes of Gorby Inc.
</hdr>
<body>
<p>With the leader's stock faltering, is a takeover possible?
</p>
<p> By some indicators, speculation in Gorby futures remains a
sound investment. Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev, still the
toast of the West, was host to members of the prestigious
Trilateral Commission in Moscow last week, chatting amiably
with Henry Kissinger, former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuhiro
Nakasone and former French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing. A
day later the Kremlin announced that come November Gorbachev
will visit Italy, raising the intriguing prospect of a historic
meeting between the Communist Party chief and the Pope. And
with a quick one-two punch, Gorbachev announced plans to reduce
the Soviet military budget by 14.2%, while his Foreign
Minister, Eduard Shevardnadze, unveiled plans for unilateral
reductions of one-fifth of the short-range nuclear missiles in
Eastern Europe.
</p>
<p> By other indicators, mostly of the Soviet domestic variety,
stock in Gorby Inc. is in a tailspin. Most devastating was the
news last week that the 1988 Soviet grain harvest ranked as the
worst in three years. Despite desperate efforts to reform
agriculture, the harvest came in 16 million tons below the
previous year and 40 million tons below 1988 targets. Pravda,
meanwhile, reported that the Soviet crime rate climbed nearly
17% in the past year, and attributed the rise partly to
corruption spawned by new economic freedoms.
</p>
<p> Given the contradictory signals, it was hard to know what to
make of rumors that circulated last week about whether Gorbachev
might soon be forced to share power or be pushed aside entirely.
Rumors of political frailty have plagued Gorbachev before, but
this time they cropped up in more than one place. In Moscow a
Western diplomat remarked, "There are a lot of indications that
Gorbachev is losing his grip." In New York City speculation
swirled in the corridors of the United Nations. "Is it possible
that Gorbachev has reached the crucible?" asked a West German
Kremlinologist. "Yes it is." Even a senior Soviet diplomat
admitted, "The worst could happen, and it could come soon." Yet
for all the jittery expressions of concern, officials in Bonn,
Paris and London roundly dismissed any talk of burying Gorbachev
prematurely. In Washington officials contended that the rumors
had been fanned by the East Germans and Czechs, and resulted
from wishful thinking.
</p>
<p> Whether genuine or idle, the chatter made plain that
Gorbachev's power is neither monolithic nor unfettered. At the
heart of his woes is the apparent failure of his perestroika
campaign to jump-start the Soviet economy. A report put out by
the Council of Ministers last week showed that, while the Soviet
economy grew by 4.4% last year, farms and factories failed to
produce enough quality goods to satisfy consumer demand. With
wages now growing faster than productivity, inflation threatens.
Other figures indicated that exports fell by 2% in 1988, while
imports (much of it food) rose by 6.5%. "The honeymoon for
Gorbachev has ended at home," says a Moscow-based Western
diplomat. "Gorbachev's been in power too long to blame it all
on Brezhnev."
</p>
<p> Ironically, blame might rest with the success of Gorbachev's
glasnost campaign. The call for openness has given rise to a
crescendo of grumbling that has become grist for news reports
calling attention to the shortage of consumer goods. Public
debate has also offered hints of divisiveness at the top. Last
week Pravda published a letter, penned by six influential
conservative writers, that attacked the weekly magazine
Ogonyok, a leading light of glasnost, for abusing the new
openness by distorting history. The letter could not have
appeared in the Communist Party daily without support from some
top-ranking party members.
</p>
<p> A few Kremlinologists read potentially ominous portents into
the recent emergence of other Soviet officials into the
limelight. Prime Minister Nikolai Ryzhkov has assumed an
increasingly high profile, particularly in dealing with the
post-earthquake cleanup operation in Armenia. Shevardnadze is
also a familiar face on the evening news these days, as is
Yegor Ligachev, the dour conservative who has worked at
softening his brusque image since being bumped from the de facto
No. 2 party slot by Gorbachev last September. Some tea-leaf
readers see the increasing visibility of such officials as
evidence of Gorbachev's waning clout; others see it as evidence
of his strength, indicating that he feels secure enough to
delegate considerable responsibility. Either way, notes a
Western diplomat, "the power used to be in the hands of one man,
but it's loosening now."
</p>
<p> Rumbles of dissension in the military have also fueled the
whispers. It is hardly surprising that Gorbachev's determination
to beef up the civilian economy by paring military spending,
including troop reductions and a cut in arms production by
19.5%, has rankled the security-preoccupied military. Two weeks
ago a bimonthly military newspaper published a broadside
blasting "pacifist calls to our countrymen asking irresponsibly
for the Soviet Union unilaterally to `turn swords into
plowshares.'" The Kremlin quickly produced Marshal Sergei
Akhromeyev, the former Chief of Staff, to pronounce his support
for the cuts.
</p>
<p> All this volleying has Kremlinologists working overtime,
especially since so many of them not long ago were confidently
describing Gorbachev as the man who would lead the Soviet Union
into the 21st century. Still, the analysts agree on at least one
point: no credible contender has yet emerged to fill Gorbachev's
shoes. Even most Soviets concede that perestroika, bitter as it
may be, is the last hope for economic recovery.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>