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<text id=94TT0466>
<title>
Apr. 25, 1994: The Rosenbergs:Minor Figures
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
Apr. 25, 1994 Hope in the War against Cancer
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
BOOK EXCERPT, Page 70
The Rosenbergs:Minor Figures
</hdr>
<body>
<p>((c)) 1994 by Pavel A. Sudoplatov and Anatoli P. Sudoplatov,
Jerrold Schecter, and Leona Schecter. From SPECIAL TASKS: THE
MEMOIRS OF AN UNWANTED WITNESS to be published by Little, Brown
and Company, (Inc.)
</p>
<p> In the summer of 1950, an apparently unremarkable young couple
went on trial for conspiracy to commit espionage. Even before
their execution three years later, they had become, to their
sympathizers in the U.S. and abroad, the innocent victims of
a government conspiracy fueled by the obsessive fear of communism.
</p>
<p> When I first learned of the arrest of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
in 1950 from a TASS report, I was not concerned about it. This
might strike some as odd, but we had hundreds of agents in the
U.S., not including illegals, sources and informers. As the
director of Department S, I was familiar with our personnel,
though not with any but the most important sources; the Rosenbergs
were not important or significant sources of information. I
considered the whole affair to be routine business.
</p>
<p> The Rosenbergs were recruited by Gaik Ovakimian, our resident
in New York in 1938. They were absolutely separate from my major
networks gathering atomic secrets. In the summer of 1945, shortly
before the first nuclear-test explosion, a report had been prepared
by David Greenglass, code name Caliber, the brother of Ethel
Rosenberg. Greenglass was an army sergeant working in a Los
Alamos, New Mexico, machine shop. The courier scheduled to pick
up his report could not make the trip, and Anatoli Yatskov,
eager to supply the report to Moscow and authorized by the Center,
ordered Harry Gold, Klaus Fuchs' courier, to substitute. Gold
met Fuchs in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and then went to Albuquerque
to pick up the report from Greenglass. The Center had broken
the first commandment: never allow an agent or courier from
one cell to have contact with, or know the members of, another
group. When Gold was arrested in 1950, he identified Greenglass,
who incriminated the Rosenbergs.
</p>
<p> The irony is that the Rosenbergs are portrayed by the American
counterintelligence service as the key figures in delivering
atomic secrets to the Soviet Union, but actually they played
a very minor role. They were a naive couple, overeager to cooperate,
who worked for us because of their ideological motivations.
Their contribution to atomic espionage was minor.
</p>
<p> It was clear from the very beginning that the case had acquired
a political character far out of proportion to their actual
role as spies. More important than their spying activities was
that the Rosenbergs served as a symbol in support of communism
and the Soviet Union. Their bravery to the end served our cause
because they became the center of a worldwide [anti-U.S.]
communist-propaganda campaign.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>