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TIME: Almanac 1990s
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<text id=91TT1818>
<title>
Aug. 19, 1991: Disasters:Going, Going . . .
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
Aug. 19, 1991 Hostages:Why Now? Who's Next?
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
WORLD, Page 36
DISASTERS
Going, Going...
</hdr><body>
<p>A captain's flight from his doomed ship raises a debate about
traditions of the sea
</p>
<p> The order to abandon ship automatically presupposes two rules:
women and children first, and the captain is last to leave or
goes down with his vessel. Romanticized in novels and films, as
well as history, the maxims seem almost to have the force of
law. Thus, though all 571 people aboard the Greek cruise liner
Oceanos survived its spectacular sinking off the coast of South
Africa last week, the ship's captain, Yiannis Avranas, has been
widely castigated as both cowardly and irresponsible. Avranas,
51, left the Oceanos by rescue helicopter, while some 160
passengers, including several elderly and infirm, still awaited
evacuation. He abdicated the hero's role to a South African
entertainer, who not only operated the shipboard radio and made
certain everyone was safe but also rescued Avranas' dog and
released the captain's pet canary from its cage before becoming
one of the last to quit the sinking vessel.
</p>
<p> In reality, there is no law of the sea that requires the
captain to remain to the end. Avranas, backed by his employers,
argued that communications were so bad on board that the
evacuation was best directed from land. But he did not help his
cause with statements he made immediately after the disaster.
"When I order abandon ship, it doesn't matter what time I
leave," he said. "Abandon is for everybody. If some people like
to stay, they can stay."
</p>
<p> Avranas' "crime" was failing to fit the mold of tradition,
exemplified by, among others, Captain E.J. Smith of the Titanic.
Smith exhorted those who remained on board the doomed liner to
"Be British!," made sure women and children left first, and did
go down with his ship (along with about 1,500 others).
</p>
<p> Such nautical chivalry, however, began only in Victorian
times. Previously, women were tossed overboard in emergencies
so that men could have a greater supply of rations. The modern
ideal has its own rough edges. On the Titanic, "women and
children first" was enforced by guns. "Children" often excluded
little boys, who were expected to be little men. And immigrant
women and children in steerage didn't qualify for the noblesse
oblige above decks.
</p>
<p> Going down with the ship may in some way have been an
escape. After all, Smith had boasted, "I cannot conceive of any
disaster happening to this vessel." Betrayal by the sea,
however, can be punishment enough for a mariner. Pelted by
critics, Avranas said last week, "I have lost my own ship. What
more can they want?"
</p>
<p>-- By Howard G. Chua-Eoan
</p>
</body></article>
</text>